# taz.de -- Migration policy in Ghana: Against migration with a vengeance | |
> Neither asylum rights nor a visa: The chances that many Ghanaians will | |
> make it to Europe are slim to none. The EU keeps banking on its tactic of | |
> deterring them and sending them back. | |
Bild: Repeated peaceful transitions of power make Ghana a safe country of origi… | |
Ghana, like Senegal, is considered a safe country of origin from Germany's | |
point of view, and other states in the European Union (EU) share a similar | |
perspective. Yet in 2015, a total of 8,858 Ghanaians still applied for | |
asylum worldwide. | |
The approval quota was just 2.5 percent. Germany, with 1,109 applications, | |
ranked in third place behind Italy (3.621 applications) and South Africa | |
(1,778), which was surprisingly the second-most common goal of asylum | |
seekers. In the previous year it received as many as 2,449 applications. | |
Ghana is among those nations whose population faces extreme difficulties in | |
getting a visa for the Schengen area. According to a Frontex report from | |
2014, 20,000 visas were issued, while 38 percent of the applications were | |
rejected. | |
EU data indicates that in 2014, more than 120,000 Ghanaians were living | |
legally in the EU, the majority of them in the UK, Italy and Germany. 4,660 | |
Ghanaians without papers were apprehended. In that year, 4,285 Ghanaians | |
were supposedly deported. In fact, only 1,315 deportations were carried | |
out. The rate in 2015 was somewhat lower than the previous year's 31 | |
percent, dropping to 29.5 percent. | |
Since 2005, a “Memorandum of Understanding“ exists between Ghana and Spain. | |
Among other points, it includes documentation of social, economic and | |
political co-operation and teamwork in matters of migration. Under these | |
terms, 5,000 Ghanaians have received residence permits in Spain. A further | |
memorandum between Ghana and Italy was signed in 2010. A third is in the | |
works with the EU. This was central topic in meetings between the | |
Netherlands' Foreign Minister Bert Koenders and Ghana's Foreign Minister | |
Hanna Tetteh and Minister of the Interior Prosper D.K. Bani. EU information | |
indicates a clear focus on migrant returns, which are to be carried out | |
promptly, and on deterrence measures. | |
## Neutral information | |
Just a few days before Koenders‘ visit, Ghana, inhabited by barely 27 | |
million people, had adopted a national migration strategy in which the | |
International Organisation for Migration (IOM) was also involved. Migration | |
could be desirable, as long it was well-regulated, claimed the IOM manager | |
in Ghana, Sylvia Lopez-Ekra. | |
Ghana is set to receive €31 million from the 11th European Development Fund | |
(EDF) for the areas of provision of employment and social security. €161 | |
million is to flow into the agricultural sector. A further €6 million is | |
planned for municipal projects and for supporting civil society. The aim is | |
to promote economic development at a local level and to create jobs. | |
In February 2016, the EU, IOM, the Ghanaian immigration authorities GIS and | |
the Regional Council of Brong Ahafo, a region in central Ghana, started | |
Ghana's migration management programme GIMMA. Its core is the Information | |
Centre for Migration MIC, which is supposed to supply “neutral | |
information“. €3 million was earmarked for this project from the 10th | |
European Development Fund. | |
However, Ghana is not only an exit country but also a target country for | |
West Africa. By United Nations estimates, in 2010 more than 1.8 million | |
immigrants lived in the country, making up 6.5 percent of the population. | |
The reason for this is Ghana's political stability, which has held for | |
decades. A peaceful transition of government occurred only recently, on 7 | |
December 2016. Furthermore, until 201, the economy was judged to be stable. | |
At present, in any case, the inflation rate is at 15.8 percent and the | |
unemployment rate for young Ghanaians under 25 is about 50 percent. | |
The largest group of immigrants is Nigerians, constituting 20 percent. This | |
group is not only made up of business people: Ghanaian universities are | |
popular among Nigerian students. There are fewer strikes there compared to | |
Nigeria, and courses of studies can be completed within to their scheduled | |
times. Things were very different in the 1970s, however, when hundreds of | |
thousands of Ghanaians moved to Nigeria to work. Then in 1983, up to one | |
million of them were deported back again. Since the crisis in Libya, at | |
least another 18,000 Ghanaians have returned from the North African | |
country. | |
13 Dec 2016 | |
## AUTOREN | |
Katrin Gänsler | |
## TAGS | |
migControl | |
## ARTIKEL ZUM THEMA |