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Benny Morris: Jews raped and murdered Palestinians
by Helen4Yemen
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BENNY MORRIS interview with ARI SHAVIT - Haaretz - 2004
1) The revised book is a double-edged sword. It is based
on many documents that were not available to me when I
wrote the original book, most of them from the Israel
Defense Forces Archives. What the new material shows is
that there were far more Israeli acts of massacre than I
had previously thought. To my surprise, there were also
many cases of rape. In the months of April-May 1948,units
of the Haganah [the pre-state defense force that was the
precursor of the IDF] were given operational orders that
stated explicitly that they were to uproot the villagers,
expel them and destroy the villages themselves.
2) In Acre four soldiers raped a girl and murdered her
and her father. In Jaffa, soldiers of the Kiryati Brigade
raped one girl and tried to rape several more. At
Hunin,which is in the Galilee, two girls were raped and
then murdered. There were one or two cases of rape at
Tantura, south of Haifa. There was one case of rape at
Qula, in the center of the country. At the village of Abu
Shusha, near Kibbutz Gezer [in the Ramle area] there were
four female prisoners, one of whom was raped a number of
times. And there were other cases. Usually more than one
soldier was involved. usually there were one or two
Palestinian girls. In a large proportion of the cases the
event ended with murder. Because neither the victims nor
the rapists liked to report these events, we have to
assume that the dozen cases of rape that were reported,
which I found, are not the whole story. They are just the
tip of the iceberg.
3) In some cases four or five people were executed, in
others the numbers were 70, 80, 100. There was also a
great deal of arbitrary killing. Two old men are spotted
walking in a field they are shot. A woman is found in an
abandoned village she is shot. There are cases such as
the village of Dawayima [in the Hebron region], in which
a column entered the village with all guns blazing and
killed anything that moved.
4) The worst cases were Saliha (70-80 killed), Deir
Yassin (100-110), Lod (250), Dawayima (hundreds) and
perhaps Abu Shusha (70). There is no unequivocal proof of
a large-scale massacre at Tantura, but war crimes were
perpetrated there. At Jaffa there was a massacre about
which nothing had been known until now. The same at Arab
al Muwassi, in the north. About half of the acts of
massacre were part of Operation Hiram [in the north, in
October 1948]: at Safsaf, Saliha, Jish, Eilaboun, Arab al
Muwasi, Deir al Asad, Majdal Krum, Sasa. In Operation
Hiram there was a unusually high concentration of
executions of people against a wall or next to a well in
an orderly fashion.
5) That can t be chance. It s a pattern. Apparently,
various officers who took part in the operation
understood that the expulsion order they received
permitted them to do these deeds in order to encourage
the population to take to the roads. The fact is that no
one was punished for these acts of murder. Ben-Gurion
silenced the matter. He covered up for the officers who
did the massacres .
6) One of the revelations in the book is that on October
31, 1948, the commander of the Northern Front, Moshe
Carmel, issued an order in writing to his units to
expedite the removal of the Arab population. Carmel took
this action immediately after a visit by Ben-Gurion to
the Northern Command in Nazareth. There is no doubt in my
mind that this order originated with Ben-Gurion. Just as
the expulsion order for the city of Lod, which was signed
by Yitzhak Rabin, was issued immediately after Ben-Gurion
visited the headquarters of Operation Dani [July 1948]
7) From April 1948, Ben-Gurion is projecting a message of
transfer. There is no explicit order of his in writing,
there is no orderly comprehensive policy, but there is an
atmosphere of [population] transfer. The transfer idea is
in the air. The entire leadership understands that this
is the idea. The officer corps understands what is
required of them. Under Ben-Gurion, a consensus of
transfer is created.
8) Of course Ben-Gurion was a transferist. He understood
that there could be no Jewish state with a large and
hostile Arab minority in its midst. There would be no
such state. It would not be able to exist.
9) Ben-Gurion was right. If he had not done what he did,
a state would not have come into being. That has to be
clear. It is impossible to evade it. Without the
uprooting of the Palestinians, a Jewish state would not
have arisen here. That is what Zionism faced. A Jewish
state would not have come into being without the
uprooting of 700,000 Palestinians. Therefore it was
necessary to uproot them. There was no choice but to
expel that population. It was necessary to cleanse the
hinterland and cleanse the border areas and cleanse the
main roads.
Date Published: 2023-03-14 17:03:48
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