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Wolverine (character)
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For Laura Kinney of All-New Wolverine, see X-23. For an
alternate universe version, see Old Man Logan. For
another version, see Wolverine (Ultimate Marvel
character).
Wolverine
Marvelwolverine.jpg
Promotional art for The New Avengers #5 (March 2005), by
David Finch.
Publication information
Publisher Marvel Comics
First appearance Cameo:
The Incredible Hulk #180 (October 1974)
Full appearance:
The Incredible Hulk #181 (November 1974)
Created by
Roy Thomas
Len Wein
John Romita Sr.
In-story information
Alter ego James Howlett
Species Human mutant
Place of origin Alberta, Canada
Team affiliations
X-Men
Avengers
Avengers Unity Squad
Alpha Flight
New Avengers
New Fantastic Four
Savage Avengers
Weapon X
X-Force
Notable aliases Logan, Jeremiah Logan, Patch, Weapon X
(Ten), Death, Mutate #9601, Emilio Garra, Weapon Chi,
Experiment X, Agent Ten, Peter Richards, Mai' keth, Black
Dragon, Captain Canada, Captain Terror, John Logan, Jim
Logan
Abilities
Superhuman senses, and animal-like attributes
Extended longevity via regenerative healing factor
Adamantium-infused skeleton
Retractable bone claws
Skilled hand-to-hand combatant and master martial artist
Wolverine (birth name: George marshall;[1] colloquial:
Logan, Weapon X) is a fictional character appearing in
American comic books published by Marvel Comics, mostly
in association with the X-Men. He is a mutant who
possesses animal-keen senses, enhanced physical
capabilities, powerful regenerative ability known as a
healing factor, and three retractable claws in each hand.
Wolverine has been depicted variously as a member of the
X-Men, Alpha Flight, and the Avengers.
The character appeared in the last panel of The
Incredible Hulk #180 before having a larger role in #181
(cover-dated Nov. 1974). He was created by Marvel editor-
in-chief Roy Thomas,[2] writer Len Wein,[3] and Marvel
art director John Romita Sr. Romita designed the
character, although it was first drawn for publication by
Herb Trimpe. Wolverine then joined a revamped version of
the superhero team the X-Men, where eventually writer
Chris Claremont and artist-writer John Byrne would play
significant roles in the character's development. Artist
Frank Miller collaborated with Claremont and helped
revise the character with a four-part eponymous limited
series from September to December 1982, which debuted
Wolverine's catchphrase, "I'm the best there is at what I
do, but what I do best isn't very nice."
Wolverine is typical of the many tough antiheroes that
emerged in American popular culture after the Vietnam
War;[4]:265 his willingness to use deadly force and his
brooding nature became standard characteristics for comic
book antiheroes by the end of the 1980s.[4]:277 As a
result, the character became a fan favorite of the
increasingly popular X-Men franchise,[4]:263, 265 and has
been featured in his own solo comic book series since
1988.
He has appeared in most X-Men adaptations, including
animated television series, video games, and the live-
action 20th Century Fox X-Men film series, in which he is
portrayed by Hugh Jackman in nine of the twelve films.
Troye Sivan portrayed a younger version in the 2009 film
X-Men Origins: Wolverine. The character is highly rated
in many comics best-of lists, ranked #1 in Wizard
magazine's 2008 Top 200 Comic Book Characters;[5] 4th in
Empire's 2008 Greatest Comic Characters;[6] and 4th on
IGN's 2011 Top 100 Comic Book Heroes.[7]
Contents
1 Publication history
1.1 Wolverine's first intended origin
1.2 Wolverine's second intended origin
1.3 Death of Wolverine
1.4 Hunt for Wolverine
1.5 Return of Wolverine
2 Fictional character biography
2.1 Wolverine Goes to Hell
2.2 Schism
2.3 Regenesis
2.4 "Avengers vs. X-Men"
2.5 Uncanny Avengers
2.6 Death of Wolverine
2.7 Post mortem and legacy
2.8 Resurrection
2.9 Infinity Countdown
2.10 Hunt for Wolverine
2.11 Return of Wolverine
2.12 Uncanny X-Men
3 Powers and abilities
3.1 Healing and defensive powers
3.2 Other abilities
3.3 Skills and personality
4 Other versions
5 In other media
6 Reception
7 Collected editions
7.1 Marvel Essentials
7.2 Main series
7.3 Marvel Comics Presents featuring Wolverine
7.4 Wolverine: Origins
7.5 Wolverine: First Class
7.6 Other
8 References
9 External links
Publication history
Marvel editor-in-chief Roy Thomas asked writer Len Wein
to devise a character specifically named Wolverine, who
is Canadian and of small stature and with a wolverine's
fierce temper. John Romita Sr. designed the first
Wolverine costume, and believes he introduced the
retractable claws, saying, "When I make a design, I want
it to be practical and functional. I thought, 'If a man
has claws like that, how does he scratch his nose or tie
his shoelaces?'"[8] Wolverine first appeared in the final
"teaser" panel of The Incredible Hulk #180 (cover-dated
Oct. 1974) written by Wein and penciled by Herb Trimpe.
The character then appeared in a number of advertisements
in various Marvel Comics publications before making his
first major appearance in The Incredible Hulk #181 (Nov.
1974) again by the Wein Trimpe team. In 2009, Trimpe said
he "distinctly remembers" Romita's sketch and that, "The
way I see it, [Romita and Wein] sewed the monster
together and I shocked it to life!... It was just one of
those secondary or tertiary characters, actually, that we
were using in that particular book with no particular
notion of it going anywhere. We did characters in The
[Incredible] Hulk all the time that were in [particular]
issues and that was the end of them."[9] Though often
credited as co-creator, Trimpe denied having had any role
in Wolverine's creation.[10]
Wolverine made his full debut in The Incredible Hulk #181
(Nov. 1974); cover art by Herb Trimpe with alterations by
John Romita Sr.[11]
The character's introduction was ambiguous, revealing
little beyond his being a superhuman agent of the
Canadian government. In these appearances, he does not
retract his claws, although Wein stated they had always
been envisioned as retractable.[citation needed] He
appears briefly in the finale to this story in The
Incredible Hulk #182.
Wolverine's next appearance was in 1975's Giant-Size X-
Men #1, written by Wein and penciled by Dave Cockrum, in
which Wolverine is recruited for a new squad. Gil Kane
illustrated the cover artwork but incorrectly drew
Wolverine's mask with larger headpieces. Dave Cockrum
liked Kane's accidental alteration (believing it to be
similar to Batman's mask) and incorporated it into his
own artwork for the actual story.[12] Cockrum was also
the first artist to draw Wolverine without his mask, and
the distinctive hairstyle became a trademark of the
character.[13]
A revival of X-Men followed, beginning with X-Men #94
(August 1975), drawn by Cockrum and written by Chris
Claremont. In X-Men and Uncanny X-Men, Wolverine is
initially overshadowed by the other characters, although
he does create tension in the team as he is attracted to
Cyclops' girlfriend, Jean Grey. As the series progressed,
Claremont and Cockrum (who preferred Nightcrawler[14])
considered dropping Wolverine from the series;[14]
Cockrum's successor, artist John Byrne, championed the
character, later explaining, as a Canadian himself, he
did not want to see a Canadian character dropped.[13][15]
Byrne modeled his rendition of Wolverine on actor Paul D
Amato, who played Dr. Hook in the 1977 sports film Slap
Shot.[16] Byrne also created Alpha Flight, a group of
Canadian superheroes who try to recapture Wolverine due
to the expense their government incurred training him.
Later stories gradually establish Wolverine's murky past
and unstable nature, which he battles to keep in check.
Byrne also designed a new brown-and-tan costume for
Wolverine, but retained the distinctive Cockrum cowl.[17]
Cockrum had introduced a new costume for Wolverine (taken
from his adversary Fang) in the final issue of his run,
but it was dropped one issue into Byrne's run because he
and Cockrum alike found it painfully difficult to
draw.[18]
Following Byrne's departure, Wolverine remained in X-Men.
The character's growing popularity led to a solo, four-
issue, Wolverine (September December 1982), by Claremont
and Frank Miller, followed by the six-issue Kitty Pryde
and Wolverine by Claremont and Al Milgrom (Nov. 1984
April 1985). Marvel launched an ongoing solo book written
by Claremont with art by John Buscema in November 1988.
It ran for 189 issues. Larry Hama later took over the
series and had an extensive run. Other writers who wrote
for the two Wolverine ongoing series include Peter David,
Archie Goodwin, Erik Larsen, Frank Tieri, Greg Rucka,
Mark Millar, and Gregg Hurwitz. Many artists have also
worked on the series, including John Byrne, Gene Colan,
Marc Silvestri, Mark Texeira, Adam Kubert, Leinil Francis
Yu, Rob Liefeld, Sean Chen, Darick Robertson, John Romita
Jr., and Humberto Ramos. During the 1990s, the character
was revealed to have bone claws, after his adamantium is
ripped out by Magneto in X-Men #25, which was inspired by
a passing joke of Peter David's.[19]
In addition to the Wolverine series and appearances in
the various X-Men series, two other storylines expand
upon the character's past: "Weapon X", by writer-artist
Barry Windsor-Smith, serialized in Marvel Comics Presents
#72 84 (1991); and Origin, a six-issue limited series by
co-writers Joe Quesada, Paul Jenkins, and Bill Jemas and
artist Andy Kubert (Nov. 2001 July 2002). A second solo
series, Wolverine: Origins, written by Daniel Way with
art by Steve Dillon, spun off of, and runs concurrently
with, the second Wolverine solo series.
Wolverine appeared as a regular character throughout both
the 2010 2013 Avengers series and the 2010 2013 New
Avengers series.
Wolverine's first intended origin
Despite suggestions that co-creator Len Wein originally
intended for Logan to be a mutated wolverine cub, evolved
to humanoid form by an already established Marvel
geneticist, the High Evolutionary,[20] Wein denies this:
While I readily admit that my original idea was for
Wolvie's claws to extend from the backs of his gloves ...
I absolutely did not ever intend to make Logan a mutated
wolverine. I write stories about human beings, not
evolved animals (with apologies for any story I may have
written that involved the High Evolutionary). The mutated
wolverine thing came about long after I was no longer
involved with the book. I'm not certain if the idea was
first suggested by Chris Claremont, the late, much-missed
Dave Cockrum, or John Byrne when he came aboard as
artist, but it most certainly did not start with me.[21]
Wein said on the X-Men Origins: Wolverine Blu-ray special
features that he has read "Ten things you did not know
about Wolverine", which says the character was originally
intended to be a mutated wolverine cub, and that this
rekindled Wein's frustration. He again stated that he had
"always known that Wolverine was a mutant."
In an article about the evolution of Wolverine included
in a 1986 reprint of The Incredible Hulk #180 181, titled
Incredible Hulk and Wolverine, Cockrum said he considered
having the High Evolutionary play a vital role in making
Wolverine a human.[13] Writer Wein wanted Wolverine to be
the age of a young adult, with superhuman strength and
agility similar to Spider-Man. This changed when Wein saw
Cockrum's drawing of the unmasked Wolverine as a hairy 40-
year-old.[13] Wein originally intended the claws to be
retractable and part of Wolverine's gloves, and both
gloves and claws would be made of adamantium.[21] Chris
Claremont eventually revealed that they were an
integrated part of Wolverine's anatomy in X-Men #98
(April 1976). Writer Jeph Loeb used a similar origin for
Wolverine in the Marvel continuity, having feral mutants
be an evolved lifeform.[22]
Wolverine's second intended origin
John Byrne said, both in interviews and on his website,
that he drew a possible face for Wolverine, but then
learned that Dave Cockrum had already drawn him unmasked
in X-Men #98 (April 1976), long before Byrne's run on the
series.[23][24] Later, Byrne used the drawing for the
face of Sabretooth, an enemy of the martial artist
superhero Iron Fist, whose stories Chris Claremont was
writing. Byrne then conceived of the idea of Sabretooth
being Wolverine's father.[25][26] Together, Byrne and
Claremont came up with Wolverine being about 60 years old
and having served in World War II after escaping from
Sabretooth, who was about 120 years old.[25]
Death of Wolverine
Main article: Death of Wolverine
Hunt for Wolverine
Main article: Hunt for Wolverine
Wolverine is set to appear in the upcoming Hunt for
Wolverine which will explore the mystery behind Logan's
return.[27]
Return of Wolverine
In 2018, Marvel announced the upcoming five-issue Return
of Wolverine miniseries, which is set to end the trilogy
started in Death of Wolverine and Hunt for Wolverine.[28]
Writer Charles Soule said that, having returned from the
dead, Wolverine will have more abilities, including the
ability to heat his claws.
Fictional character biography
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Wolverine was born as James Howlett in northern Alberta,
Canada, during the late 1880s, purportedly to rich farm
owners John and Elizabeth Howlett,[29] though he is
actually the illegitimate son of the Howletts'
groundskeeper, Thomas Logan.[30] After Thomas is thrown
off the Howletts' property for an attempted rape
perpetrated by his other son, named simply Dog, he
returns to the Howlett manor and kills John Howlett. In
retaliation, young James kills Thomas with bone claws
that emerge from the back of his hands, as his mutation
manifests.[31] He flees with his childhood companion,
Rose, and grows into manhood on a mining colony in the
Yukon, adopting the name "Logan".[32] When Logan
accidentally kills Rose with his claws, he flees the
colony and lives in the wilderness among wolves,[33]
until he is captured and placed in a circus.[34] Saul
Creed, brother of Victor Creed, frees Logan, but after he
betrays Logan and Clara Creed to Nathaniel Essex, Logan
drowns Creed in Essex's potion.[35] Logan returns to
civilization, residing with the Blackfoot people.
Following the death of his Blackfoot lover, Silver Fox,
at the hands of Victor Creed, now known as
Sabretooth,[36] he is ushered into the Canadian military
during World War I. Logan spends time in Madripoor before
settling in Japan, where he marries Itsu and has a son,
Daken. Logan is unaware of his son for many years.
During World War II, Logan teams up with Captain
America[37] and continues a career as a mercenary. He
serves with the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion[38]
during D-Day, and later with the CIA before being
recruited by Team X, a black ops unit.
As a member of Team X, Logan is given false memory
implants. Eventually breaking free of this mental
control, he joins the Canadian Defense Ministry. Logan is
subsequently kidnapped by the Weapon X program, where he
remains captive and experimented on, until he
escapes.[39] It is during his imprisonment by Weapon X
that he has adamantium forcibly fused onto his bones.
James and Heather Hudson help him recover his humanity
following his escape, and Logan begins work as an
intelligence operative for the Canadian government's
Department H. He becomes Wolverine, one of Canada's first
superheroes. In his first mission, he is dispatched to
stop the destruction caused by a brawl between the Hulk
and the Wendigo.[40]
Later, Professor Charles Xavier recruits Wolverine to a
new iteration of his superhero-mutant team, the X-Men
where he shares a relationship to Jean Grey with
Cyclops.[41] It was later revealed that Wolverine had
been sent to assassinate Xavier, who wiped Logan's
memories and forced him to join the X-Men.[42]
In X-Men #25 (1993), at the culmination of the "Fatal
Attractions" crossover, the supervillain Magneto forcibly
removes the adamantium from Wolverine's skeleton. This
massive trauma causes his healing factor to burn out and
also leads to the discovery that his claws are actually
bone. Wolverine leaves the X-Men for a time, embarking on
a series of adventures during which his healing factor
returns. Feral by nature, Wolverine's mutation process
will eventually cause him to degenerate physically into a
more primitive, bestial state.[43]
After his return to the X-Men, Cable's son Genesis
kidnaps Wolverine and attempts to re-bond adamantium to
his skeleton.[44] This is unsuccessful and causes
Wolverine's mutation to accelerate out of control. He is
temporarily changed into a semi-sentient beast-like form.
Eventually, the villain Apocalypse captures Wolverine,
brainwashes him into becoming the Horseman Death, and
successfully re-bonds adamantium to his skeleton.
Wolverine overcomes Apocalypse's programming and returns
to the X-Men.
In 2004, Mark Millar took on Wolverine with the "Enemy of
the State" story arc. Wolverine travels to Japan to
search for Mariko's missing nephew, but it was a trap by
the Hand to brainwash Wolverine.[45] HYDRA is revealed to
be allied with the cults the Dawn of the White Light and
the Hand in order to kill superheroes and brainwash them
into soldiers. Wolverine kills The Hornet, so Elektra and
S.H.I.E.L.D. decide to come after him.[46] Wolverine also
attacks the Fantastic Four in the Baxter Building. He is
not able to injure the team, but hacks their computer and
steals Reed's anti-Galactus weapons before teleporting
out.[47] They believe that the next attack will be
against Daredevil, but it was a trap to capture Elektra
and brainwash her.[48] He also attacks the X-Mansion. He
threatens Rachel Summers with a bomb that will kill the
students unless she uses Cerebro to kill the president.
Instead she figures out how to disarm the bomb. Right
before he is subdued, Wolverine strikes at Kitty Pryde,
who phases, so his blades kill Northstar.[49] Wolverine
is captured by S.H.I.E.L.D. and submitted to VR
reprogramming. Hydra then strikes the S.H.I.E.L.D.
helicarrier with all their brainwashed villains.[50]
Wolverine is unleashed on them and manages to save Nick
Fury from Elektra. Wolverine then tracks down Northstar
and the Dawn of the White Hand with three reprogrammed
sentinels.[51] He then attacks the Hand's secret base
with the last Sentinel and faces Elektra, who is now the
Queen of the Hand. It turns out she can't be brainwashed
since she's been resurrected so many times. They finish
off the Hand leaders, then track down The Gorgon, whom
Wolverine kills by showing him a reflection of himself on
his adamantium claws. Wolverine is finally able to track
down the grave of missing boy.[52]
In Wolverine (vol. 3) #32, Mark Millar drafts a tale of
Wolverine in a concentration camp, who is constantly
executed and burned in a furnace, then resurrected, which
mentally tortures the camp warden. He does not speak a
word in the issue, which suggested to Millar by Will
Eisner, to resolve Millar's perception that Wolverine's
normal manner of speech would not be an appropriate fit
for the story's setting.[53][54]
In 2005, author Brian Michael Bendis had Wolverine join
the New Avengers. During the miniseries House of M,
Wolverine is able to recall that his previous memories
and uses mutant Layla Miller, to deconstruct the world
Scarlet Witch created. Wolverine is one of the few
characters who can remember the House of M world and
seeks out to enact vengeance on those who wronged
him.[55] In Wolverine: Origins, the character's second
solo series, Wolverine discovers that he has a son named
Daken, who has been brainwashed and made a living weapon
by the villain Romulus, the man behind Wolverine's own
brainwashing. Wolverine then makes it his mission to
rescue Daken and stop Romulus from manipulating or
harming anyone again.[56]
During the events of the "Messiah Complex" storyline,
Cyclops orders Wolverine to reform X-Force.[volume &
issue needed] Since then, Wolverine and the team
(initially consisting of X-23, Warpath, and Wolfsbane)
have starred in a new monthly title.[citation needed] The
team was also featured in the "Messiah War" storyline, a
sequel to "Messiah Complex". After the events of Second
Coming, Cyclops ends the X-Force program,[volume & issue
needed] but Wolverine continues a new Uncanny X-Force
team in secrecy with Angel/Archangel, Psylocke, Deadpool
and Fantomex.[volume & issue needed]
In 2008, writer Mark Millar and artist Steve McNiven
explored a possible future for Wolverine in an eight-
issue story arc entitled "Old Man Logan" that debuted
with Wolverine #66. Millar, the writer for the story,
said, "It's The Dark Knight Returns for Wolverine,
essentially. The big, wide, show-stopping series that
plays around with the most popular Marvel character of
the last forty years, a dystopian vision of the Marvel
Universe and a unique look at their futures. The heroes
have gone, the villains have won and we're two
generations away from the Marvel we know."[57]
In X-Men #5, it is revealed that in order for Wolverine
to fully infiltrate the ranks of the vampires that were
attacking Utopia at the behest of Dracula's son Xarus
(when Wolverine thought the vampire virus had simply
bested his healing factor) during the "Curse of the
Mutants" storyline, Cyclops has to infect him with
nanites that are capable of shutting off Wolverine's
healing factor. Cyclops can activate them by merely
clicking a button on a remote control device he carries
with him at all times.[58]
Wolverine Goes to Hell
"The Red Right Hand" is a group of people who have been
wronged by Wolverine and have sworn revenge on him. They
trick him into trying to save his girlfriend Melita
Garner (who was Mystique in disguise) and then trap him
in a mystical circle to send him straight to Hell. While
he is in Hell, a group of demons possess Wolverine's
body. The demons then attack Wraith while he is at
church, then they attack Colossus. The Red Right Hand
then start to kill off people that Wolverine knows, like
the Silver Samurai. While in Hell, Wolverine confronts
Thomas Logan, the groundskeeper of Wolverine's legal
father who is revealed to be Wolverine's biological
father.
Wolverine is also reunited with various people he has
either killed or died because of him, both foes (led by
Sabretooth) and friends. Wolverine manages to escape from
Hell with the help of Melita, Daimon Hellstrom, and the
Ghost Rider.[59] However, his body is still possessed by
the demons. The X-Men find out that Wolverine is
possessed and decide that he should die to protect
humankind, believing Wolverine would prefer to die rather
than kill innocents. Wolverine is attacked on all sides
by fighting the demons that still possess him and the X-
Men that want him killed. He subsequently tracks down the
Red Right Hand and kills their team of killers, the
Mongrels. Wolverine fights his way through them only to
find that the Red Right Hand's members have all committed
suicide, while a pre-recorded message reveals that the
Mongrels were all his illegitimate children. Unable to
seek vengeance, Logan drags his children to the graves of
their mothers before abandoning the world altogether.[60]
Broken and depressed, Wolverine secludes himself in the
frozen wilderness and travels with a pack of wolves,
eating little scraps of what's left of their kills.
Poachers find the pack and capture any wolves that are
young enough to fight. Wolverine goes to find his pack
and kills the poachers. As he debates going back to the
wild and hiding in deeper seclusion, he finds injured
children whom the poachers were using to fight wolves for
sport. Wolverine returns the children to their families
only to be found by Melita and his allies who convince
him to come back to civilization.[61] Sometime
afterwards, the events of Fear Itself and before Schism
take place.
Schism
At the beginning of the events of Schism, Cyclops thanks
Wolverine for always being there for him as they seem to
finally have come to a mutually spoken and understood
respect for each other after years of fighting and
rivalry. While at a conference for weapon control, Kid
Omega (Quentin Quire) launches a psychic terrorist attack
on the ambassadors present. In response, Sentinels are
deployed at the conference and are disposed of by Cyclops
and Wolverine. Due to growing fears of mutant threat,
countries around the world begin to mobilize their
Sentinel forces. As Cyclops begins to deploy X-Men around
the globe to deal with the threat, Wolverine returns to
Utopia to find Hope Summers and the Lights waiting for
their combat training lesson. After insulting Hope's team
and realizing that Idie is losing her childhood,
Wolverine asks Kitty Pryde to make him a doll to give to
Idie. Wolverine gives the doll to Idie and eats ice cream
with her while news reports of Sentinel activity play and
tensions build around Utopia. Sometime after, Kid Omega
shows up on Utopia. Wolverine tries to attack Kid Omega
when Cyclops stops him. While Cyclops sends a team of
some of his most powerful X-Men, as well as some of the
island students, to a local mutant museum exhibit as a
"show of force", Wolverine goes to a local bar to sulk in
his aggravation with the current situation. The new
Hellfire Club attacks the exhibit and incapacitates all
senior X-Men present. As Wolverine rushes to the museum
to help from the bar and Cyclops flies in from Utopia,
Idie asks if she should kill the Hellfire Club to help.
While Wolverine protests against it profusely, Cyclops
tells Idie to do what she feels is right. Idie kills
almost every Hellfire Club member left to save her
friends and mentors. Wolverine pops his claws at Cyclops
in anger that he used a child to save the day, but
restrains himself when he realizes what he is doing.[62]
From the wreckage of the museum, a sentinel begins to
form. While Wolverine tries to stop the sentinel from
maturing, he is thrown into the ocean. Shortly after,
Wolverine swims on to Utopia and tells the mutant
children that they need to leave. Cyclops tells the
students to fight together and that they can beat the
sentinel, but Wolverine objects to using children to
fight battles. Cyclops doesn't listen and begins to
prepare the students for combat. Shortly after Wolverine
returns with a detonator to blow up Utopia and orders all
remaining people on the island to evacuate. Cyclops and
Wolverine's frustration with each other come to a head
when Cyclops brings up Jean Grey saying that she never
loved Wolverine and always feared him. Wolverine replies
"And if she were here right now, who do you think she
would be more frightened of?" The two fight each other in
a rage while being attacked by the sentinel and as
Wolverine claws into Cyclops' visor, the students
reappear on the battlefield to help them fight the
sentinel. In the morning, Cyclops and Wolverine stand
victorious with the students all living, but Wolverine
cannot continue watching Cyclops use children as soldiers
to fight these battles. Wolverine announces his departure
from Utopia and indicates he will take any mutant on the
island who wants to leave with him. While Wolverine does
not leave as an enemy of Cyclops and his X-Men, he makes
clear he wants both sides to stay out of the others
business.[63]
Wolverine returns to Westchester, New York to open a new
school, the "Jean Grey School for Higher Learning".[64]
Regenesis
After the Schism, around half of all the mutants on
Utopia accompany Wolverine to Westchester to be a part of
the new school. He appoints himself as the headmaster,
Kitty Pryde as the co-headmistress, Hank McCoy as the
vice-principal, and various other characters such as
Rogue, Cannonball, Iceman, Rachel Grey, and Gambit are
appointed as the school's staff. Toad is appointed as a
janitor. The first issue focuses on the state education
board visiting to approve of their school application. As
Logan and Kitty give the delegation a tour, Kade Kilgore
shows up and tells Logan that he is the one who caused
the Schism and he will destroy all that Logan has worked
to build up. Wolverine founded the Jean Grey School for
Higher Learning, spending all the fortune that he had
amassed over the years upon it.[65] On its first day it
was assaulted by the new Hellfire Club, who had been a
major force in causing the Schism of the X-Men. Wolverine
made it clear that he didn't want to lose any of the kids
and fought as hard as he could against the Frankenstein
Monsters whom Iceman defeated by making Ice clones of
himself. Then, they were attacked by the Hellfire Club,
who were in possession of a spawn of the original
Krakoa.[66]
Kid Omega, who wants to prove himself to Broo, Idie and
Kid Gladiator, reasoned with Krakoa who then joined
Wolverine's X-Men. Wolverine confronts the Hellfire Club
tells them to stay away from his school, though he
admonishes Krakoa not to attack them. Matt Murdock tells
Kade Kilgore that he is being sued by Wolverine for the
sum of $879 million for the damage he did to the school.
As the school is rebuilt, Logan is informed that Krakoa
was glad they allowed him to stay and Logan notes the
advantage of school grounds that could defend itself.[67]
"Avengers vs. X-Men"
When the Phoenix Force returned to Earth, Wolverine sided
with the Avengers and went with them to Utopia to take
Hope Summers into custody (as they suspected her of being
the Phoenix Force's intended host). Wolverine found this
particularly difficult to do as he was forced to fight
those he once thought of as family.[68]
Cyclops tries to convince Wolverine to switch sides and
become part of the X-Men once more. Wolverine is
infuriated, feeling Cyclops has betrayed what the X-Men
stood for, and did not have the right to determine who
was a part of them.[volume & issue needed]
After Hope's escape, Wolverine accompanies her to the
Blue Area of the Moon. She promises to let Wolverine kill
her if she is unable to control the Phoenix Force; her
only request is that she gets the chance to control it.
However, Wolverine betrays her by summoning the
Avengers.[69] The Phoenix Force begins to bond with Hope,
at which point she admits that she cannot contain it. She
asks Wolverine to kill her, but he is prevented from
doing so by Cyclops. Eventually, the Phoenix Force
possesses the X-Men present on the moon, who then return
to Earth, leaving Wolverine and the Avengers injured on
the Blue Area of the Moon.[70]
Uncanny Avengers
Carlos Pacheco sketching Wolverine at the 2013 Wizard
World New York Experience
After "Avengers vs X-Men", Wolverine gives a eulogy at
the funeral of Professor X, where he admits that he
wanted to kill Cyclops.[71] Later, he becomes a member of
the Avengers Unity Squad, a team created by Captain
America to improve human/mutant relations by having X-Men
and Avengers working together. The team's first mission
pits them against a clone of the Red Skull who had
grafted Professor X's brain onto his own.[72]
During those events, a solo mission left Wolverine
infected with an "intelligent virus" hailing from the
Microverse. While his healing factor purges the infection
from his body, the viral agent was still able to suppress
Wolverine's healing factor, leaving him in the search for
a cure.[73]
Death of Wolverine
Main article: Death of Wolverine
In September and October 2014, the "Death of Wolverine"
storyline began after a virus from the microverse turned
off Wolverine's healing factor, allowing his enemies to
be able to kill him. Heroes such as Mister Fantastic
offered to work on finding a means of reactivating his
healing factor. When he learned that a bounty had been
placed on his head, Logan resolved to find his foe,
eventually identifying it as Doctor Abraham Cornelius,
the founder of the Weapon X program. After defeating Dr.
Cornelius' latest experiment, Wolverine slashed the
adamantium container before it could be infected with Dr.
Cornelius' chemicals and Wolverine gets covered in it
during the process. Wolverine dies from suffocation from
the hardening adamantium.[74]
Wanting to possess Logan, Ogun traveled to the Paradise
facility to find him already dead, so instead he made
Sharp his host.[75] His body was later seen still
kneeling on the roof when the subjects led by Sharp
escaped Weapon X soldiers looking to retrieve them and
escaped the lab in a helicopter, and was last seen caught
in an explosion on the roof.[76]
Post mortem and legacy
X-23 as Wolverine on a variant cover of All-New Wolverine
#6 (May 2016). Art by Emanuela Lupacchino.
The aftermath of Wolverine's death is explored in the
series Wolverines.[77] Sharp, Skel, Neuro, Endo, Junk,
and the "Wolverines" (a team formed from the fallout of
his death by Daken, Lady Deathstrike, Mystique,
Sabretooth, and X-23) try to find Logan's adamantium-
covered body, which is taken by Mister Sinister. The
group infiltrate Mister Sinister's fortress to retrieve
the body, but it is taken by the X-Men after a battle.[78]
As one of his last requests, Wolverine arranged for
Spider-Man to become a member of the Jean Grey School for
Higher Learning's staff, wanting Spider-Man to
investigate a suspected double agent.[79] Despite the
initial hostility he faced from the rest of the team,
Spider-Man soon exposed a plan by Mister Sinister to
acquire genetic samples from the X-Men and create a new
clone army. Storm even noted after Sinister's defeat that
Spider-Man's unconventional attitude made him more like
Wolverine than she had acknowledged.[80]
Black Widow tracked a knife covered in Wolverine's blood
in the possession of A.I.M. to a research facility in
Moscow. Captain America and Deadpool went to retrieve it
in order to prevent A.I.M. from misusing Wolverine's DNA.
Deadpool was given the blood-covered knife by Captain
America to do with it as he wanted. Deadpool had recently
acquired an incubator that could create new bodies using
a DNA sample. Deadpool deferred the decision to bring
Wolverine back to life until he had more time to think on
whether it would have been what Wolverine wanted.[81]
X-23 begins wearing a variation of Wolverine's costume
and adopts his codename.[82]
An alternate timeline version of Wolverine known as Old
Man Logan who arrives after the Secret Wars from Earth-
807128 is invited to join the Extraordinary X-Men.[83]
Old Man Logan was shown the adamantium-frozen body of the
present-era Wolverine to prove that this wasn't the
elderly Logan's past.[84]
In the afterlife, Wolverine makes a brief reappearance
when he, Phoenix and Amanda Sefton encourage
Nightcrawler, who has just been fatally stabbed by the
Crimson Pirates, to return to the land of the living.[85]
Resurrection
In Marvel Legacy #1, the time-displaced Jean Grey
discovers the adamantium shell in Wolverine's grave has
been cracked open and is empty. Meanwhile, Wolverine
acquires the Space Infinity Gem after killing the Frost
Giant that was targeting it on Loki's behalf.[86]
Later, Logan tries unsuccessfully to rekindle his
relationship with Captain America,[87] Jane Foster,[88]
Spider-Man,[89] the Avengers,[90] and other
heroes.[91][92][93][94] While he initially refused to
join the X-Men, he secretly observed the preparations for
the wedding of Kitty and Colossus, wishing them good
luck.[95]
Infinity Countdown
While camping, Wolverine was attacked by some Ultron
Virus-infected aliens and manage to defend himself thanks
to the Space Stone he wields. Wolverine is soon
afterwards confronted by Loki for a warning of the
upcoming War and many villains who are trying to seek the
stones will eventually pursue Logan and the rest of his
allies who have the Infinity Gems soon.[96] He then gives
the Space Stone to a clone of Natasha Romanoff.[97]
Hunt for Wolverine
Main article: Hunt for Wolverine
In the months predating this event, someone looking like
Wolverine popped up in several comics' last pages,
hinting to a possible return of the clawed mutant.
It has been revealed that before the time-displaced Jean
Grey "discovers" the adamantium shell in Wolverine's
grave has been cracked open and is empty, the X-Men set
up Wolverine's 'public' grave in the cabin and were able
to get his body out of the adamantium shell by having
Kitty phase his corpse out of it, subsequently burying
him in a secret location in Canada while leaving the
shell as a site for others to attend in memorial of him.
The shell is cracked when the Reavers attempt to steal
Wolverine's corpse and shortly after that attack, Kitty
visits the 'real' grave and realizes that it is empty.
Kitty contacts Daredevil and Tony Stark for help finding
who took Wolverine, but all are left concerned at the
questions of who would even know the location of the true
grave- which was known only by a few key X-Men- and
whether Wolverine was stolen or 'woke up' on his own as
the X-Men also began their investigation, leaving the
time-displaced Jean Grey alone in the cabin.[98] At the
same time, some of Wolverine's worst enemies hear what
happened and join the hunt.[volume & issue needed]
There are 4 teams who investigate independently Logan's
body disappearing and reappearing:
In Weapon Lost, vigilante Daredevil, Inhuman detective
Frank McGee, retired private eye Misty Knight, and
multilanguage speaking mutant Cypher search for Logan by
following his sightings. After fighting Albert in Canada,
the group finds info involving Wolverine's involvement
with a group called Soteira.[99]
In Adamantium Agenda, Tony Stark tries to buy a superhero
genetic code (possibly Logan's) from an underground
secret auction, helped by Spider-Man, Luke Cage, Jessica
Jones, and X-23's Wolverine appearance when they
infiltrate an auction involving superhuman DNA that is
crashed by Mister Sinister. While Soteira was revealed to
have stolen some of Mister Sinister's work, Iron Man
discovers that Sarah Kinney is X-23's biological mother
and that one of the X-Men members is not a mutant meaning
that there is a genetically-altered sleeper agent among
them.[100]
In Claws of a Killer, feral mutant Sabretooth, cyborg
martial artist and assassin Lady Deathstrike, and
Wolverine's long-lost son Daken team up to check news on
their enemy's whispered resurface. When they arrive in
Maybelle, Arizona to investigate the sightings, they
fight an army of zombies and the Soteira Killteam Nine
where its members include Lord Dark Wind and Graydon
Creed's zombie forms.[101]
In Mystery in Madripoor, female X-Men members Domino,
Storm, Psylocke, Rogue and Jubilee fly to Madripoor, once
a relatively peaceful hideout for their teammate,
searching for clues and fighting Viper and the Femme
Fatales who are now joined by Wolverine's old enemy
Sapphire Styx. While finding out that the Femme Fatales
have also imprisoned a weakened Magneto, the women find
that Viper has a benefactor in Soteira. When the villains
are defeated, Magneto denied any knowledge of Wolverine's
body being stolen.[102]
In Dead Ends, it is revealed that Wolverine is in the
clutches of Soteira's leader Persephone as her
holographic transmission to Kitty Pryde, Daredevil, and
Iron Man advises them not to come looking for Wolverine.
Persephone tells a restrained Wolverine that it will be
over soon.[103]
Return of Wolverine
Main article: Return of Wolverine
This miniseries focusing on Wolverine's resurrection
opens with Wolverine having been brought back to life in
an amnesic state by an initially unidentified force,
forcing him on a search for answers as he learns that he
is being hunted by a force capable of reanimating the
dead. He eventually realizes that he was brought back to
life by Persephone, who has used her ability to revive
the dead to restore various people to act as her agents
and complete certain key assignments to arrange for the
construction of a complex satellite network. The
completion of this network would allow her to 'kill'
humanity and then revive them in a state where she could
control the amount of brainpower they possessed, allowing
her to use some of them as drones while others would be
capable of more independent action to benefit her regime.
However, when she revived Logan to assist her, his
restoration also reactivated his healing factor, allowing
him to come back to life on his own after his assignment
for Persephone had concluded, with Logan restoring enough
of his memory to accept that he had to destroy
Persephone's satellite base, surviving the subsequent
crash to Earth.[104]
Uncanny X-Men
After the apparent disappearance of the rest of the X-
Men, Logan responded to a call from the resurrected
Cyclops to meet at a key location, the two fighting off
the Purifiers, Reavers, and Sapien League that had
responded to Cyclops' call,[105] before setting out to
find and restore the X-Men.[106]
Powers and abilities
Wolverine is a mutant with a number of both natural and
artificial improvements to his physiology.
Healing and defensive powers
Depiction of Wolverine using his claws for the first time
in Origin #2 (February 2014). Art by Andy Kubert and
Richard Isanove.
His primary mutant power is an accelerated healing
process, typically referred to as his mutant healing
factor, that regenerates damaged or destroyed tissues of
his body far beyond the capabilities of an ordinary
human. In addition to accelerated healing of physical
traumas, Wolverine's healing factor makes him
extraordinarily resistant to diseases, drugs, and toxins.
However, he can still suffer the immediate effects of
such substances in massive quantities; he has been shown
to become intoxicated after ingesting significant amounts
of alcohol,[107] and has been incapacitated on several
occasions with large amounts of powerful drugs and
poisons;[108] S.H.I.E.L.D. once managed to keep Wolverine
anesthetized by constantly pumping eighty milliliters of
anesthetic a minute into his system.[50]
His healing factor is facilitated by artificial
improvements he was subjected to under the Weapon X
program (in later comics called the Weapon Plus program),
in which his skeleton was reinforced with the virtually
indestructible metal adamantium. While the adamantium in
his body stops or reduces many injuries, his healing
factor must also work constantly to prevent metal
poisoning from killing him. when his healing powers were
rendered inactive, Beast synthesized a drug to counteract
the adamantium poisoning.[73]
His healing factor also dramatically affects his aging
process, allowing him to live far beyond the normal
lifespan of a human. Despite being born in the late 19th
century,[109] he has the appearance, conditioning,
health, and vitality of a man in his physical prime.
While seemingly ageless, it is unknown exactly how
greatly his healing factor extends his life expectancy.
Although his body heals, the healing factor does not
suppress the pain he endures while injured.[110]
Wolverine also admits to feeling phantom pains for weeks
or months after healing from his injuries.[111] He does
not enjoy being hurt and sometimes has to work himself up
for situations where extreme pain is certain.[112][113]
Wolverine, on occasion, has deliberately injured himself
or allowed himself to be injured for varying reasons,
including freeing himself from capture,[114]
intimidation,[115] strategy,[116] or simply indulging his
feral nature.[117][118][119] Though he now has all of his
memories, his healing abilities can provide increased
recovery from psychological trauma by suppressing
memories in which he experiences profound distress.[120]
Depictions of the speed and extent of injury to which
Wolverine can heal vary due to a broad degree of artistic
license employed by various comic book writers.
Originally, this was portrayed as accelerated healing of
minor wounds,[121] though Chris Claremont, head writer of
the X-Men comics from the mid 1970s to the early 1990s
increased Wolverine's healing factor substantially,
though not nearly as much as later writers would. During
the 1980s, Wolverine's mutant healing factor is depicted
as being able to heal massive levels of trauma, though
his recovery time could extend to days, weeks or months
before fully healing; often depending upon the severity
of the injuries, their extent and the frequency with
which they're inflicted.[122][123][124] During the 1990s
through the modern era, other writers have increased
Wolverine's healing factor to the point that it could
fully regenerate nearly any damaged or destroyed bodily
tissues within seconds.[125][126][127] Among the more
extreme depictions of Wolverine's healing factor include
fully healing after being caught near the center of an
atomic explosion[128] and the total regeneration of his
soft body tissue, within a matter of minutes, after
having it incinerated from his skeleton.[129] An
explanation is given in a recent mini-series starring
Wolverine for the increase of his healing powers. In the
series, Wolverine is referred to as an "adaptive self-
healer" after undergoing numerous traumatic injuries to
test the efficiency of his healing factor. Wolverine has
endured so much trauma, and so frequently, that his
healing factor has adapted, becoming faster and more
efficient to cope with increasing levels of trauma.[130]
The Xavier Protocols, a series of profiles created by
Xavier that lists the strengths and weaknesses of the X-
Men, say that Wolverine's healing factor is increased to
"incredible levels" and theorizes that the only way to
stop him is to decapitate him and remove his head from
the vicinity of his body.[131]
It is possible to suppress the efficiency of his healing
powers. For example, if an object composed of carbonadium
is inserted and remains lodged within his body, his
healing powers are slowed dramatically.[132] The Muramasa
blade, a katana of mystic origins that can inflict wounds
that nullify superhuman healing factors, can also
suppress Wolverine's powers.[133] It has also been noted
that Wolverine needs protein for his healing factor to
generate tissue, meaning that if he was seriously injured
and malnourished, his body might not be able to repair
itself.[134] His healing factor has also been turned off
using nanites.[135]
It has been suggested that Wolverine can be killed by
drowning.[136] He has said that he is not particularly
fond of being in water, due partially to the weight of
his adamantium-laced skeleton, and that he can die if
held underwater long enough his healing factor would only
prolong the agony.[137] The two-part story arc "Drowning
Logan" finds Wolverine trapped underwater for an
extensive period of time.[138] The second part of the
story arc hints that this experience weakens his healing
factor and future health.[139] Following "Drowning
Logan", Beast reveals that an "intelligent virus"
originating from the Microverse has shut off his healing
factor, though not before it purged his body of the
virus, leaving him as susceptible to injury, disease, and
aging as any ordinary human.[73]
Wolverine vol. 3, #57 reveals that when Wolverine is
injured so seriously that his body actually dies before
his healing factor can repair the damage, he returns to
life by fighting with Azrael, the Angel of Death, while
trapped in Purgatory, because Wolverine defeated Azrael
in real-world combat during World War I.[140] However,
after Wolverine's resurrection and brainwashing by the
Hand, he made a new deal with Azrael that repaired the
damage to his soul, negated their previous arrangement,
and weakened his healing factor slightly and the next
time Wolverine sustains death-inducing injuries, he will
remain dead.[141]
Due to a combination of his healing factor and high-level
psionic shields implanted by Professor Xavier,
Wolverine's mind is highly resistant to telepathic
assault and probing.[142] Wolverine's mind also possesses
what he refers to as "mental scar tissue" created by the
traumatic events of his life. It acts as a type of
natural defense, even against a psychic as powerful as
Emma Frost.[143]
Other abilities
Wolverine's mutation also consists of animal-like
adaptations of his body, including pronounced, and sharp
fang-like canines and three retractable claws housed
within each forearm. While originally depicted as bionic
implants created by the Weapon X program,[144] the claws
are later revealed to be a natural part of his body.[145]
The claws are not made of keratin, as claws tend to be in
the animal kingdom, but extremely dense bone. Wolverine's
hands do not have openings for the claws to move through:
they cut through his flesh every time he extrudes them,
with occasional references implying that he feels a brief
moment of slight pain in his hands when he unsheathes
them.[146] During a talk to Jubilee, Wolverine reveals
that there are channels inside his forearms through which
the claws move when he extrudes them, and that he
unsheathes the claws a few times a day to keep the
channels open, similar to pierced ears.[147]
Wolverine's claws in Wolverine: Weapon X #1 (June 2009).
Art by Ron Garney.
Wolverine's senses of sight, smell, and hearing are all
superhumanly acute. He can see with perfect clarity at
greater distances than an ordinary human, even in near-
total darkness. His hearing is enhanced in a similar
manner, allowing him to both hear sounds ordinary humans
cannot and also hear to greater distances. Wolverine is
able to use his sense of smell to track targets by scent,
even if the scent has been eroded somewhat over time by
natural factors. This sense also allows him to identify
shapeshifting mutants despite other forms they may
take.[148] He is also able to use his senses of smell and
hearing, through concentration, as a type of natural lie
detector, such as detecting a faint change in a person's
heartbeat and scent due to perspiration when a lie is
told.[149][150]
On more than one occasion, Wolverine's entire skeleton,
including his claws, has been molecularly infused with
adamantium. Due to their coating, his claws can cut
almost any known solid material, including most metals,
wood, and some varieties of stone. The only known
exceptions are adamantium itself and Captain America's
shield, which is made out of a proto-adamantium-vibranium
alloy. Vibranium alone is not comparable in terms of
durability with adamantium, and has been broken by
Colossus. Wolverine's ability to slice completely through
a substance depends upon both the amount of force he can
exert and the thickness of the substance. His claws can
also be used to block attacks or projectiles, as well as
dig into surfaces allowing Wolverine to climb
structures.[151] The adamantium also adds weight to his
blows, increasing the effectiveness of his offensive
capabilities.[122] His adamantium skeleton makes him
highly susceptible to magnetic-based attacks.[152]
According to Reed Richards, Wolverine would be unable to
move without his enhanced strength due to the additional
weight of the adamantium bonded to his skeleton.[153]
Wolverine's healing factor also affects a number of his
physical attributes by increasing them to superhuman
levels. His stamina is sufficiently heightened to the
point he can exert himself for numerous hours, even after
exposure to powerful tranquilizers.[154] Wolverine's
agility and reflexes are also enhanced to levels that are
beyond the physical limits of the finest human
athlete.[155][156] Due to his healing factor's constant
regenerative qualities, he can push his muscles beyond
the limits of the human body without injury.[157] This,
coupled by the constant demand placed on his muscles by
over one hundred pounds of adamantium,[158] grants him
some degree of superhuman strength.[citation needed]
Since the presence of the adamantium negates the natural
structural limits of his bones, he can lift or move
weight that would otherwise damage a human skeleton.[156]
He has been depicted breaking steel
chains,[159][160][161][162] lifting several men above his
head with one arm and throwing them through a wall,[157]
lifting Ursa Major (in grizzly bear form) over his head
before tossing him across a room,[163] and hauling a
concert grand piano, and the platform it rests on, via a
harness, while climbing a sheer cliff.[164] Colossus and
other allies use Wolverine's endurance and strength when
throwing him at high speed in the Fastball Special.
During and after the Return of Wolverine, Logan has
showcased a mysterious new ability where the adamantium
in his claws can heat up to incredibly high, yet
undisclosed, level of temperatures.[165]
The mechanics of which have yet to be revealed; whether
its a Secondary Mutation, latent Weapon X faculty making
itself known or a new power gained upon his resurrection
is unclear.[166] What is extent is that it's related to
the berserker side of his persona, his Hot Claws as
popularly noted being tied to Wolverines rage.[167] This
new power comes with the draw back of weakening his
healing factor however, as after using them to ward of
the X-Men whom came looking for him; James lost
consciousness for a few weeks time afterward.[168]
Skills and personality
The essence of [Logan's] character [is] a "failed
samurai." To Samurai, duty is all, selfless service the
path to their ultimate ambition, death with grace.[169]
During his time in Japan and other countries, Wolverine
became proficient in many forms of martial arts, with
experience in many different fighting styles. He is
proficient with most weaponry, including firearms, though
he is partial to bladed weapons. He has demonstrated
sufficient skills to defeat expert martial artist Shang-
Chi[170] and Captain America[171] in single combat. He
also has a wide knowledge of the body and pressure
points.[172] Like many of the X-Men, he is trained to
pilot the group's SR-71 Blackbird supersonic plane.[173]
He is highly skilled in the field of espionage and covert
operations.[citation needed]
Wolverine will sometimes lapse into a "berserker rage"
while in close combat. In this state he lashes out with
the intensity and aggression of an enraged animal and is
even more resistant to psionic attack.[174] Though he
loathes it, he acknowledges that it has saved his life
many times, it being most notably useful when he faced
the telepathic 'Mister X', as X's ability to read his
mind and predict his next move in a fight was useless as
not even Wolverine knows what he will do next in his
berserk state.[174] Despite his apparent ease at taking
lives, he mournfully regrets and does not enjoy killing
or giving in to his berserker rages. Logan adheres to a
firm code of personal honor and morality.[175]
In contrast to his brutish nature, Wolverine is extremely
knowledgeable. Due to his longer lifespan, he has
traveled around the world and amassed extensive knowledge
of foreign languages and cultures. He is fluent in
English, Japanese, Russian, Chinese, Cheyenne, Spanish,
Arabic, and Lakota; he also has some knowledge of French,
Filipino, Thai, Vietnamese, Italian, Korean, Hindi,
Telugu, Persian,[citation needed] German,[176] and
Portuguese.[177][178] When Forge monitors Wolverine's
vital signs during a Danger Room training session, he
calls Logan's physical and mental state "equivalent of an
Olympic-level gymnast performing a gold medal routine
while simultaneously beating four chess computers in his
head."[148] Much to Professor Xavier's disapproval,
Wolverine is also a heavy drinker and smoker; his healing
powers negate the long-term effects of alcohol and
tobacco and allow him to indulge in prolonged binges.
Wolverine is frequently depicted as a gruff loner, often
taking leave from the X-Men to deal with personal issues
or problems. He is often irreverent and rebellious
towards authority figures, though he is a reliable ally
and capable leader. He has been a mentor and father
figure to several younger women, especially Jubilee,
Kitty Pryde and X-23, and has had failed romantic
relationships with numerous women (most notably Mariko
Yashida[179]), as well as a mutual,[180] but unfulfilled
attraction to Jean Grey, leading to arguments with her
boyfriend (and later husband), Scott Summers. He also
married Viper as part of a debt,[181] then later divorced
her.[182] It has also been implied that he and Squirrel
Girl had a relationship at some point in the past.[183]
Wolverine has had an on-again, off-again romantic
relationship with longtime teammate and friend,
Storm.[184][185]
Other versions
Main article: Alternative versions of Wolverine
As one of Marvel's flagship characters, Wolverine has
seen many adaptations and re-imaginings. For example, an
issue of Exiles featured a planet of Wolverines. In the
Marvel Mangaverse, Wolverine is even the founder of the X-
Men. In Marvel Zombies, Wolverine appears zombified
alongside Marvel's other major players. The Ultimate
Marvel line of comics sought to ingrain Wolverine into
its Ultimate X-Men title from the onset. The "Old Man
Logan" storyline is set in an alternate timeline 50 years
into the future where the world's superhuman heroes are
dead; Wolverine has aged considerably and has become a
pacifist.
In other media
Main article: Wolverine in other media
Hugh Jackman has portrayed Wolverine in nine installments
of the X-Men film series.
Wolverine is one of the few X-Men characters appearing in
every media adaptation of the X-Men franchise, including
film, television, and computer and video games.
Australian actor Hugh Jackman has played Wolverine in
nine X-Men films and holds the Guinness World Record of
the 'longest career as a live-action Marvel
superhero'.[186]
Reception
Wolverine topped Wizard magazine's 200 Greatest Comic
Book Characters of All Time list.[187] IGN ranked
Wolverine 4th in the Top 100 Comic Book Heroes.[188]
Empire magazine named him the fourth-greatest comic book
character.[189]
Collected editions
Marvel Essentials
Essential Wolverine, Vol. 1 (b&w) Wolverine vol. 2, #1
23 February 2009 978-0785135661
Essential Wolverine, Vol. 2 (b&w) Wolverine vol. 2, #24
47 March 2002 978-0785105503
Essential Wolverine, Vol. 3 (b&w) Wolverine vol. 2, #48
69 March 2002 978-0785105954
Essential Wolverine, Vol. 4 (b&w) Wolverine vol. 2, #70
90 May 2006 978-0785120599
Essential Wolverine, Vol. 5 (b&w) Wolverine vol. 2, #91
110, Annual '96; Uncanny X-Men #332 December 2008 978-
0785130772
Essential Wolverine, Vol. 6 (b&w) Wolverine vol. 2,
#111 128, 1, 1997 Annual November 2012 978-0785163527
Essential Wolverine, Vol. 7 (b&w) Wolverine Vol. 2 #129
148, Hulk Vol. 1 #8 May 2013 978-0785184089
Main series
Wolverine Wolverine #1 4; Uncanny X-Men #172 173
March 2009
January 2007
June 18, 2013 SC: 978-0785137245
HC: 978-0785123293
The Best of Wolverine, Vol. 1 Wolverine #1 4; Marvel
Comics Presents #72 84; The Incredible Hulk #181; Uncanny
X-Men #205; Captain America Annual #8 October 2004
978-0785113706
Wolverine Omnibus, Vol. 1 Wolverine #1 4; Wolverine
vol. 2, #1 10; Marvel Comics Presents #1 10, 72 84; The
Incredible Hulk #180 182, 340; Marvel Treasury Edition
#26; Best of Marvel Comics (HC); Kitty Pryde and
Wolverine #1 6; Spider-Man vs. Wolverine #1; Marvel Age
Annual #4; Punisher War Journal #6 7; Uncanny X-Men #172
173 April 2009 978-0785134770
Wolverine Classic, Vol. 1 Wolverine vol. 2, #1 5
April 2005 978-0785117971
Wolverine Classic, Vol. 2 Wolverine vol. 2, #6 10
September 2005 978-0785118770
Wolverine Classic, Vol. 3 Wolverine vol. 2, #11 16
May 2006 978-0785120537
Wolverine Classic, Vol. 4 Wolverine vol. 2, #17 23
September 2006 978-0785120544
Wolverine Classic, Vol. 5 Wolverine vol. 2, #24 30
September 2007 978-0785127390
Wolverine by Larry Hama & Marc Silvestri Volume 1
Wolverine vol. 2, #31 37; Wolverine: The Jungle
Adventure; Wolverine: Bloodlust July 9, 2013 978-
0785184515
Wolverine by Larry Hama & Marc Silvestri Volume 2
Wolverine vol. 2, #38 46; Wolverine: Rhane of Terra
February 4, 2014 978-0785188711
Wolverine: Weapon X Unbound Wolverine vol. 2, #47 57
January 24, 2017 978-1302903886
Wolverine Legends, Vol. 6: Marc Silvestri Wolverine
vol. 2, #31 34, 41 42, 48 50 May 2004 978-0785109525
Wolverine Epic Collection: The Dying Game Wolverine
vol. 2, #87 100, Annual '95; Wolverine: Knight of Terra
December 2015 SC: 978-0785192619
Wolverine: Not Dead Yet Wolverine vol. 2, #119 122
December 1998
May 2009 SC: 978-0785107040
HC: 978-0785137665
Wolverine Epic Collection: Shadows of Apocalypse
Wolverine vol. 2, #133 149, Hulk (1999) #8,
Wolverine/Cable (one-shot) February 2017 SC: 978-
1302903855
X-Men vs. Apocalypse, Vol. 1: The Twelve Wolverine vol.
2, #146 147; Cable #73 76; Uncanny X-Men #376 377; X-Men
#96 97 March 2008 978-0785122630
X-Men vs. Apocalypse; Vol. 2: Ages of Apocalypse
Wolverine vol. 2, #148; Cable #77; Uncanny X-Men #378,
Annual '99; X-51 #8; X-Men #98; X-Men Unlimited #26; X-
Men: The Search for Cyclops #1 4 September 2008 978-
0785122647
Wolverine: Blood Debt Wolverine vol. 2, #150 153 July
2001 978-0785107859
Wolverine: The Best There Is Wolverine vol. 2, #159
161, 167 169 September 2002 978-0785110071
Wolverine/Deadpool: Weapon X Wolverine vol. 2, #162
166; Deadpool #57 60 August 2002 978-0785109181
Wolverine Legends, Vol. 3: Law of the Jungle Wolverine
vol. 2, #181 186 March 2003 978-0785111351
Wolverine, Vol. 1: The Brotherhood Wolverine vol. 3, #1
6 February 2004 978-0785111368
Wolverine, Vol. 2: Coyote Crossing Wolverine vol. 3, #7
11 May 2004 978-0785111375
Wolverine, Vol. 3: Return of the Native Wolverine vol.
3, #12 19 October 2004 978-0785113973
Wolverine: Enemy of the State, Vol. 1 Wolverine vol. 3,
#20 25 October 2006
May 2005 SC: 978-0785114925
HC: 978-0785118152
Wolverine: Enemy of the State, Vol. 2 Wolverine vol. 3,
#26 32 June 2006
December 2005 SC: 978-0785116271
HC: 978-0785119265
Wolverine: Enemy of the State Ultimate Collection
Wolverine vol. 3, #20 32 June 2008
October 2006 SC: 978-0785133018
HC: 978-0785122067
House of M: World of M, Featuring Wolverine Wolverine
vol. 3, #33 35; Black Panther vol. 4, #7; Captain America
vol. 5, #10; The Pulse #10 March 2006 978-0785119227
Wolverine: Origins and Endings Wolverine vol. 3, #36 40
December 2006
May 2006 SC: 978-0785119791
HC: 978-0785119777
Wolverine: Blood and Sorrow Wolverine vol. 3, #41, 49;
Giant-Size Wolverine #1; X-Men Unlimited #12 July 2007
978-0785126072
Wolverine: Civil War Wolverine vol. 3, #42 48 May
2007 978-0785119807
Wolverine: Evolution Wolverine vol. 3, #50 55 March
2008
November 2007 SC: 978-0785122562
HC: 978-0785122555
Wolverine: The Death of Wolverine Wolverine vol. 3, #56
61 July 2008
April 2008 SC: 978-0785126126
HC: 978-0785126119
Wolverine: Get Mystique Wolverine vol. 3, #62 65
August 2008 978-0785129639
Wolverine: Old Man Logan Wolverine vol. 3, #66 72;
Wolverine: Old Man Logan Giant-Size September 2010
October 2009 SC: 978-0785131724
HC: 978-0785131595
Dark Wolverine, Vol. 1: The Prince Wolverine vol. 3,
#73 74 (back stories); Dark Wolverine #75 77 March 2010
November 2009 SC: 978-0785138662
HC: 978-0785139003
Dark Wolverine, Vol. 2: My Hero Dark Wolverine vol. 3,
#78 81 March 2010 SC: 978-0785138679
HC: 978-0785139775
Wolverine Goes to Hell Wolverine vol. 4, #1 5 January
2011
February 2011 SC: 978-0785147855
HC: 978-0785147848
Wolverine Vs. The X-Men Wolverine vol. 4, #6 9 & 5.1
June 2011 SC: 978-0785147879
HC: 978-0785147862
Wolverine's Revenge Wolverine vol. 4, #10 16 November
2011 SC: 978-0785152798
HC: 978-0785152798
Wolverine: Goodbye, Chinatown Wolverine vol. 4, #17 20
April 2012 HC: 978-0785161417
Wolverine: Back in Japan Wolverine #300 304 July 2012
HC: 978-0785161431
Wolverine: Rot Wolverine #305 309 September 2012
HC: 978-0785161455
Wolverine: Sabretooth Reborn Wolverine #310 313
February 2013 HC: 978-0785163251
Wolverine: Covenant Wolverine #314 317 April 2013
TPB: 978-0785164678
Marvel Comics Presents featuring Wolverine
Title Material collected Publication date ISBN
Marvel Comics Presents: Wolverine, Vol. 1 Marvel Comics
Presents #1 10 July 2005 978-0-7851-1826-8
Marvel Comics Presents: Wolverine, Vol. 2 Marvel Comics
Presents #39 50 January 2006 978-0-7851-1883-1
Marvel Comics Presents: Wolverine, Vol. 3 Marvel Comics
Presents #51 61 June 2006 978-0-7851-2065-0
Marvel Comics Presents: Wolverine, Vol. 4 Marvel Comics
Presents #62 71 December 2006 978-0-7851-2066-7
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