Changes in Arctic Ice : Image of the Day | |
by NASA -- Image courtesy Claire Parkinson and Nick Digirolamo, NASA G... | |
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Largely natural ''ups and downs'' in a weather system | |
centered near Iceland have contributed to regional | |
variations and an overall decrease in Arctic sea ice | |
cover over the last twenty years, according to new NASA | |
research. As this semi-permanent low-pressure system | |
intensifies and weakens, it affects the amount of air | |
(generally warm) being brought into the Arctic to the | |
east of the low and the amount of air (generally cold) | |
being swept out of the Arctic to the west. These changes | |
in turn affect the amount of ice cover in the respective | |
regions, adding to the effects of climate warming. Claire | |
L. Parkinson of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in | |
Greenbelt, Md., highlights the changes in Arctic sea ice | |
and their possible connection to the Icelandic low- | |
pressure system in a paper appearing in the most recent | |
issue of Polar Geography. Parkinson plotted the extent of | |
sea ice using satellite passive-microwave data from 1979 | |
through 1999. Data were analyzed from the Nimbus 7 | |
satellite and three satellites of the Defense | |
Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). Results confirm | |
an overall decline in Arctic ice extent that has been | |
connected with climate warming, but also show regional | |
differences that suggest there are other influences. The | |
''Icelandic Low'' is a key to bringing a greater or | |
lesser amount of warm air into the Arctic depending on | |
the intensity of the system, and is part of a larger | |
weather pattern called the North Atlantic Oscillation | |
(NAO). NAO is the name for changes in the difference of | |
air pressure between the semi-permanent low-pressure | |
system centered near Iceland (the Icelandic Low) and a | |
semi-permanent high-pressure system centered near the | |
Azores Islands (better known as the Bermuda-Azores High). | |
On average, both of these systems are present all year; | |
however, both are strongest in winter. When both the high | |
and the low intensify and fluctuate in pressure relative | |
to one another, they change the circulation of cold and | |
warm air in the region. When the Icelandic Low is strong, | |
it forces cold Arctic air southward to the area west of | |
Iceland and Greenland, setting the stage for increasing | |
sea ice cover in Baffin Bay, the Labrador Sea, Hudson Bay | |
and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. At the same time, to the | |
east, warm air that is swept northward reduces ice | |
extent. This warmer air contributes to the reduced ice | |
extents east and north of Greenland, and the reduced | |
extent of ice in the entire Arctic overall. ''When the | |
Icelandic Low is weak, it will still bring warm air | |
northward to the east of Iceland, but not as much as when | |
the Icelandic Low is strong,'' Parkinson said. For more | |
information, visit: | |
www.gsfc.nasa.gov/topstory/20011001icepuzzle.html | |
Icelandic Weather System Helps Decipher Changes in the | |
Arctic Ice Puzzle For information about other effects of | |
the North Atlantic Oscillation, read: ../Features/NAO/ | |
Searching for Atlantic Rhythms: Winter Weather and the | |
North Atlantic Oscillation | |
Date Published: 2011-06-26 04:29:03 | |
Identifier: arctic_ice_icelandic_low | |
Item Size: 76324 | |
Media Type: image | |
# Topics | |
What -- Polar | |
Where -- Labrador Sea | |
Where -- Hudson Bay | |
Where -- Gulf of St. Lawrence | |
What -- Nimbus 7 | |
What -- Defense Meteorological Satellite | |
What -- DMSP | |
Where -- Iceland | |
Where -- Goddard Space Flight Center ... | |
Where -- Bermuda | |
Where -- Greenland | |
Where -- Baffin Bay | |
# Collections | |
nasa | |
nasaimageofthedaygallery | |
# Uploaded by | |
@greg_williamson | |
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