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	VOA [Voice of America] Global English : July 12, 2020 02:00AM-03:00...
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	00:00:02[1]
	This is the way news via remote
	I'm Tommy McPhee more than 564000

	00:00:08[2]
	people have now died globally from cope
	and 19 it's more than 134000 people in

	00:00:15[3]
	the United States the number of confirmed
	infections globally approaches 12700000

	00:00:22[4]
	it's more than 3200000 in the u.s.

	00:00:26[5]
	Along expected up to turn and us coronavirus
	deaths has begun driven by fate

	00:00:32[6]
	Tallaght ease and states in the south and
	west and that's according to data on the

	00:00:38[7]
	pain Demick the number of deaths per day
	from the virus have been falling for

	00:00:43[8]
	months and even remain down as state like
	Florida and Texas so explosions and cases

	00:00:49[9]
	and hospitalizations and
	reported daily u.s.

	00:00:52[10]
	Infections breaking records several times
	in recent days scientists warned it would

	00:00:57[11]
	not last a coronavirus death when it
	occurs typically comes several weeks after

	00:01:03[12]
	a person is 1st infected and experts
	predicted States said saw increases in cases

	00:01:09[13]
	and hospitalizations would it some
	point see deaths Rice as well. U.s.

	00:01:15[14]
	President Donald Trump wore
	a mask during a visit to

	00:01:19[15]
	a military hospital Saturday the 1st time
	the president has been seen in public

	00:01:23[16]
	with the type of facial covering
	recommended by health officials as

	00:01:27[17]
	a precaution against spreading or becoming
	infected by the virus Mr Trump flew by

	00:01:32[18]
	helicopter to Walter Reed National Military
	Medical Center and suburban Washington

	00:01:37[19]
	d.c.

	00:01:38[20]
	To meet Will did service members and health
	care providers caring for Kovan 1000

	00:01:43[21]
	patients as he left the White House
	he told reporters when you're in

	00:01:47[22]
	a hospital especially I think
	it's a great thing to wear

	00:01:50[23]
	a mask Chinese vaccine developer can see
	no biologics is in talks with Russia

	00:01:55[24]
	Brazil Chile and Saudi Arabia to launch

	00:01:58[25]
	a face to retrial visits paranoid
	drug this is below news u.n.

	00:02:04[26]
	Secretary General Antonio good Tara she
	said Saturday that the fear economic

	00:02:10[27]
	systems are needed an urge to future vaccine
	for the new coronavirus saying that it

	00:02:16[28]
	should be available to everyone
	else where speaking in

	00:02:19[29]
	a pre recorded message to the International
	Aid Society Conference it terror said

	00:02:24[30]
	that a future vaccine
	against the virus should be

	00:02:27[31]
	a people's vaccine the United States has
	poured billions of dollars into vaccine

	00:02:32[32]
	efforts at Johnson and Johnson but Dina
	Nova vacs and actions then a gene j.

	00:02:38[33]
	Has said it is aiming for $1000000000.00
	doses Pfizer and bio and tech are

	00:02:45[34]
	pursuing

	00:02:45[35]
	a vaccine and have said that the aim to
	have 1200000000 doses by the end of 2021

	00:02:52[36]
	the United Nations Security Council approved
	aid delivery stew Syria through one

	00:02:57[37]
	border crossing from Turkey it's

	00:03:00[38]
	a day after its authorization for the 6
	year long humanitarian operation and that

	00:03:05[39]
	ended leaving millions of Syrian civilians
	in limbo. The United Nations describes

	00:03:11[40]
	the aid delivered from Turkey has

	00:03:13[41]
	a lifeline for Syrians in the country's
	northwest 15 member council had been

	00:03:19[42]
	deadlocked with most members pitted against
	Syrian allies Russia and China which

	00:03:24[43]
	abstained Saturday in the council's 5th
	vote this week on that same issue and veto

	00:03:31[44]
	powers Russia and China wanted to have
	approved Turkey border crossings to one

	00:03:38[45]
	that's according to the northwest and
	reporting on the issue President Donald

	00:03:44[46]
	Trump's intervention into

	00:03:46[47]
	a criminal case connected to his own
	conduct is drawing fierce rebuke from

	00:03:51[48]
	Democrats and

	00:03:52[49]
	a few members of his own Republican
	Party with calls for investigations and

	00:03:57[50]
	legislation but it remains to be seen if
	Mr Trump's most recent defines of the

	00:04:01[51]
	conventions of his office to commute the
	sentence of political confidant Roger

	00:04:06[52]
	Stone Well matter to voters grappling with
	the deadly coronavirus and the surge as

	00:04:11[53]
	well as national discourse on racial
	justice House Speaker Nancy Pelosi is now

	00:04:17[54]
	calling it an act of staggering corruption
	she says legislation is needed to

	00:04:23[55]
	prevent the president from partnering or
	commuting the sentence of someone who

	00:04:28[56]
	acted to shield that President from
	prosecution residents of Seoul pay their

	00:04:34[57]
	respects to the South Korean the capital's
	late mayor a pox on some one soon and

	00:04:40[58]
	a public memorial set up in his
	honor city officials opened

	00:04:44[59]
	a memorial outside its offices

	00:04:45[60]
	a Met an outpouring of public sympathy
	over sudden death on Friday via remote I'm

	00:04:51[61]
	Tommy Neal below

	00:04:52[62]
	a news. This

	00:05:02[63]
	is Encounter. Here's Carol
	Castillo. Welcome to

	00:05:08[64]
	Encounter on The Voice of America on this
	Latin American edition of the program

	00:05:14[65]
	Mexican president Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador
	travels to Washington to celebrate an

	00:05:20[66]
	updated us Mexico Canada trade deal
	and Brazilian president both tests

	00:05:27[67]
	positive for covert 19 Hello again I'm
	Carol Castillo after continually scoffing

	00:05:34[68]
	at the love of the coronavirus Brazil's
	president succumbed to the disease last

	00:05:39[69]
	week the always news reports that Brazil
	trails only the United States in the

	00:05:44[70]
	number of confirmed coronavirus cases and
	deaths both on our own has come under

	00:05:48[71]
	sharp criticism from tens of thousands
	of Brazilians who have opposed his weak

	00:05:53[72]
	pandemic response by undermining
	quarantine and social distancing measures

	00:05:57[73]
	introduced at the state level the New
	York based Soufan center cites the Wall

	00:06:02[74]
	Street Journal and its recent intel brief
	publication saying that even though Latin

	00:06:06[75]
	America comprises just 8 percent of the
	world's population over the past several

	00:06:11[76]
	weeks the region has accounted for nearly
	half of all deaths worldwide In addition

	00:06:16[77]
	the Soufan Center reports that 1000 has
	exposed political fault lines throughout

	00:06:22[78]
	the region whereby heads of state clashed
	with governors and state and local

	00:06:26[79]
	leaders were guarding the best approach
	to preventing the spread of the virus and

	00:06:31[80]
	Mexican president under arrest Manuel Lopez
	Obrador also known as on low made his

	00:06:36[81]
	1st foreign trip since assuming office
	about 19 months ago he chose to go to

	00:06:41[82]
	Washington last Wednesday
	where he and u.s.

	00:06:44[83]
	President Donald Trump participated in

	00:06:46[84]
	a bilateral meeting and working dinner to
	celebrate the entry into force of the new

	00:06:51[85]
	free trade agreement which updated
	NAFTA called the u.s. M.c.a.

	00:06:55[86]
	The United States Mexico Canada agreement
	with us for an update on the healthy can

	00:07:00[87]
	I. Comic and political impact of the
	coronavirus pandemic in Latin America and

	00:07:04[88]
	other related issues are 2 distinguished
	regional analysts Eric Farnsworth is vice

	00:07:09[89]
	president of the Council of the Americas
	and the Americas Society based here in

	00:07:14[90]
	Washington and Benjamin good then he's
	deputy director of the Woodrow Wilson Center

	00:07:19[91]
	is Latin American program that's also based
	in Washington and both gentlemen joined

	00:07:23[92]
	me via Microsoft teens as we continue
	to practice social distancing Gentlemen

	00:07:29[93]
	welcome to the program thanks Carol let's
	begin with you Eric Farnsworth Brazil

	00:07:35[94]
	after the United States evidently Latin
	America both the highest number of Cobi 19

	00:07:41[95]
	infections in the world and according to
	the Soufan center Brazil has more new

	00:07:45[96]
	infections and deaths on

	00:07:46[97]
	a daily basis than any other country in
	the world what do you make of that and of

	00:07:50[98]
	course now the president coming
	down with covert 19 yeah it's

	00:07:54[99]
	a real tragic situation across
	the region Brazil clearly is

	00:07:58[100]
	a hot spot and the pandemic doesn't seem
	to have peaked across the region and

	00:08:03[101]
	something of great concern I think to
	all of us the irony is that some of the

	00:08:07[102]
	countries like Peru even Argentina out of
	the blocks relatively quickly did some

	00:08:13[103]
	things that were effective it seemed at
	1st but the pandemic has returned with

	00:08:18[104]
	a vengeance and indeed even some of those
	initial steps have proven ineffective and

	00:08:22[105]
	a lot of us have scratched their heads and
	said well why does it seem to be worse

	00:08:26[106]
	across the region than perhaps in some
	other parts of the world and you know

	00:08:30[107]
	there's

	00:08:30[108]
	a variety of reasons for it but one of them
	clearly has to be the formality in the

	00:08:35[109]
	business sector it really difficult to
	practice social distancing if you literally

	00:08:39[110]
	have to get out every day and shell small
	items or send your children out to sell

	00:08:45[111]
	things so that the family can survive so
	that they can eat and so I think that's

	00:08:49[112]
	something that has to be looked at
	also Latin America as we all know is

	00:08:53[113]
	unfortunately the region even today that
	is the most deceitful across the world and

	00:08:58[114]
	so that definitely plays. Into it too in
	terms of access to health care and terms

	00:09:02[115]
	of access to social services in terms of
	who's financially able to take the steps

	00:09:08[116]
	that might be necessary to protect themselves
	and their families person who isn't

	00:09:12[117]
	and so if you look at a
	country like Brazil which is

	00:09:15[118]
	a continent sized country it's the largest
	country in Latin America not just by

	00:09:19[119]
	economy but by physical space it's
	incredibly diverse geographically racially

	00:09:24[120]
	economically and it's really difficult
	under those circumstances to get

	00:09:29[121]
	a pandemic under control and
	then you layer on top of that

	00:09:32[122]
	a leader who is quite intentionally
	distain to some of the measures that have

	00:09:37[123]
	proven effective elsewhere around the world
	and almost intentionally gone out to do

	00:09:43[124]
	things that are against best practices to
	show that indeed the covert isn't too bad

	00:09:49[125]
	in his mind of perhaps others say that
	it is well he's come down with it now we

	00:09:53[126]
	wish the best for him as we do for anybody
	who's come down with covert 19 but it

	00:09:58[127]
	does show the political leadership matters
	even under the best of circumstances

	00:10:02[128]
	a country like Brazil would most likely
	struggle under the current crisis turning

	00:10:06[129]
	to you Benjamin good then for your take on
	what's going on in Latin America why the

	00:10:11[130]
	resurgence even after

	00:10:12[131]
	a good start and now the course the
	Brazilian president has come down with the

	00:10:16[132]
	disease I think Eric has pointed out
	many of the key factors that explain the

	00:10:21[133]
	severity of the spread of it 1000 in Latin
	America one that I would add is urban

	00:10:25[134]
	density This is

	00:10:26[135]
	a region where you know large portions of
	populations live in cities and not only

	00:10:31[136]
	are they crowded in cities crowded
	marketplaces often going out because otherwise

	00:10:36[137]
	they've lost their daily wage but they're
	also have huge informal communities known

	00:10:41[138]
	as shanty towns or slums in Brazil to defy
	their last of the shots in Argentina in

	00:10:45[139]
	these areas it's absolutely impossible
	to practice social distancing sometimes

	00:10:49[140]
	there's not basic hygenic infrastructure
	such as clean running water access to silt

	00:10:55[141]
	the testing is difficult and you know in
	forcing any of these measures even in

	00:10:59[142]
	places that if they're going to. Had been
	very aggressive through Argentina and 8

	00:11:03[143]
	had some of the social distancing measures
	in place it's need in March and you know

	00:11:07[144]
	there's been some success because of
	that but the structural challenges are

	00:11:11[145]
	enormous and because of that I think
	despite the best of intentions and even so

	00:11:15[146]
	kind she enjoys public health measures
	that were economically and politically

	00:11:18[147]
	difficult they've not produced the results
	that had been hoped for well back to you

	00:11:23[148]
	Eric Barnes with let's go back to both so
	not all coming down with Kobe 19 Why is

	00:11:29[149]
	the issue of coronavirus so politically
	polarizing in Brazil Well this is

	00:11:34[150]
	a question that a lot of people are asking
	and the president has clearly made it

	00:11:39[151]
	a political issue in Brazil rather than

	00:11:42[152]
	a medical issue where medical professionals
	are indicating all the things that

	00:11:47[153]
	should be done and the president of Brazil
	has publicly to Staind those out hurts

	00:11:52[154]
	for his own political reasons I can't
	speak for him but it does seem to suggest

	00:11:58[155]
	either he doesn't believe the medical
	advice in the 1st place or perhaps in order

	00:12:03[156]
	to rally his base he
	thinks it's better to have

	00:12:06[157]
	a different approach that would put an
	us versus them types in their room into

	00:12:11[158]
	Brazilian politics he is

	00:12:13[159]
	a president who came to power some months
	ago really railing against the corruption

	00:12:19[160]
	of Brazil and railing against the high crime
	rates the exploded in Brazil under the

	00:12:24[161]
	previous government and those are
	the issues that he's tried to make

	00:12:28[162]
	a stand on but it's become clear that the
	Brazil's economy continues to suffer as

	00:12:34[163]
	some of the progress against corruption
	hasn't been as dramatic as some would have

	00:12:37[164]
	hoped indeed it has hit close to his own
	family members as the crime rates in

	00:12:42[165]
	Brazil have not necessarily come down that
	he's become politically vulnerable so

	00:12:47[166]
	this might be

	00:12:47[167]
	a way for him to try to rally his base
	Benjamin good then he got some high marks

	00:12:52[168]
	President I have both on audio before the
	pandemic or fueling the economy and so

	00:12:58[169]
	forth and of course he's. Of the view that
	the costs of shutting down the economy

	00:13:03[170]
	during the pandemic were just too high what
	would you add or subtract to what Eric

	00:13:08[171]
	said with respect to why this issue has
	become so politically polarizing now though

	00:13:14[172]
	is not alone in believing there's

	00:13:17[173]
	a public health economic growth trade off
	which I think has been proven in most

	00:13:20[174]
	cases not to be the case and that the best
	path toward surviving economically this

	00:13:25[175]
	pandemic is to reduce as quickly as possible
	the spread of covert 19 I think also

	00:13:31[176]
	now are just simply has not accepted
	that despite you know lots of evidence

	00:13:35[177]
	supporting the idea that public health needs
	to be the primary concern and that you

	00:13:39[178]
	see that in the results and in Latin America
	will contract by over 9 percent but

	00:13:43[179]
	Brazil will contract by more than the average
	is closer to over 9 percent at least

	00:13:48[180]
	and maybe even higher I think
	also narrows base includes

	00:13:51[181]
	a lot of the demographics that will be
	severely affected by canonic suffocation

	00:13:56[182]
	which is what these lockdowns involve
	So I think you know there is an

	00:14:00[183]
	understandable reluctance in many places
	including Brazil to believe that the only

	00:14:06[184]
	way for the economy to recover with any
	speed is to reduce the devastating effects

	00:14:11[185]
	in the short term and it's true look some
	of these effects in the short term will

	00:14:15[186]
	have long term damage to the economy you
	don't just reopen and everyone who lost

	00:14:19[187]
	their job gets

	00:14:20[188]
	a job again companies that went bankrupt
	don't immediately reopen their doors so if

	00:14:24[189]
	you are

	00:14:24[190]
	a leader contemplating what 2021 will look
	like you hope to reduce the wreckage of

	00:14:29[191]
	2020 that said the way to do so is to
	tackle the virus not to ignore it that's

	00:14:35[192]
	certainly the case even here in the United
	States we're having some problems with

	00:14:38[193]
	this trade off well back to you Eric
	Farnsworth to talk about how the pen Demick

	00:14:44[194]
	has exposed in exacerbated these political
	fault lines between heads of state like

	00:14:48[195]
	Bosso nado and then governors and state and
	local leaders regarding how to contain

	00:14:54[196]
	the virus how concerned are you about this
	disconnect and where else besides Brazil

	00:15:00[197]
	you. This discrepancy between the heads
	of state and local leaders and and who do

	00:15:05[198]
	you think's winning Well we certainly see
	it here in the United States don't we

	00:15:08[199]
	Carol but we we see it in Latin America in
	other federal states too like Mexico and

	00:15:14[200]
	there's

	00:15:15[201]
	a very simple reason for that if the head of
	the government does not take responsibility

	00:15:20[202]
	to address these issues the people on the
	ground who are facing the effects of the

	00:15:25[203]
	pandemic are the ones who have to deal
	with it there's just no alternative and so

	00:15:30[204]
	the governors the mayors the community
	leaders are the ones who are faced with

	00:15:35[205]
	people and or to to ation So they're the
	ones who have to seek you know ways to

	00:15:39[206]
	address it in hospitals and medical services
	in all kinds of other ways and look

	00:15:45[207]
	one of the stresses that the pandemic
	is exposed is in the health care system

	00:15:49[208]
	itself across the region and of course
	every country is different but one of the

	00:15:53[209]
	things that Latin America broadly has been
	known for is very good health care for

	00:15:59[210]
	those who can afford it the
	problem is that there aren't

	00:16:02[211]
	a whole lot of people who can afford it
	and for the rest the health care delivery

	00:16:07[212]
	system really there are a lot of
	deficiencies and so if there's a pandemic

	00:16:11[213]
	a life or death situation just access
	to basic health care and then mention

	00:16:16[214]
	something that's really important if you
	don't even have access to clean water and

	00:16:19[215]
	so it's kind of hard to wash your hands
	and if you can't do basic sanitation like

	00:16:24[216]
	that addressing you know

	00:16:26[217]
	a pandemic that's highly contagious is
	really problematic so some of the cleavages

	00:16:32[218]
	that many of us have been talking about
	for many years and have existed creeping

	00:16:36[219]
	endemic and probably will continue
	to exist really have been exposed as

	00:16:41[220]
	accelerators of the
	pandemic itself and that's

	00:16:44[221]
	a real tragedy there are political implications
	here and there will have to be some

	00:16:48[222]
	sort of addressing these issues going
	forward Benjamin good then what's your take

	00:16:53[223]
	on this disconnect between the heads of
	state and governors and state local leaders

	00:16:58[224]
	are we seeing any support resources. Coming
	from the federal government's to help

	00:17:03[225]
	with the on the ground problems Carol I
	actually think it's fairly encouraging to

	00:17:08[226]
	see this disconnect for one it's the better
	public health responses that we've seen

	00:17:12[227]
	in some places including in Brazil at the
	governor level in Mexico at the city

	00:17:16[228]
	level that compensate for some ill
	conceived public health strategies at the

	00:17:21[229]
	national level so I think it's positive in
	that regard even though coordination is

	00:17:25[230]
	often nascent National Leadership is often
	essential I'd also say it's helpful from

	00:17:29[231]
	a Democratic standpoint I think there was

	00:17:31[232]
	a lot of concern coming into
	Kobe at 19 that you would have

	00:17:35[233]
	a growing authoritarian instincts and

	00:17:37[234]
	a concentration of power
	in the presidency this is

	00:17:40[235]
	a longstanding problem in Latin America you
	had courts not able to function you had

	00:17:44[236]
	legislatures hardly able to function
	because of stay at home measures and so in

	00:17:49[237]
	that situation with

	00:17:50[238]
	a lot of executive orders there was this
	sense that Latin America was becoming even

	00:17:54[239]
	more presidential list was concentrating
	power in the executive I think it's

	00:17:58[240]
	helpful to the democracies in the
	region to have power diffused in

	00:18:02[241]
	a federalist system so I think for both
	reasons both innovation and sometimes

	00:18:07[242]
	better policy at the local level and also

	00:18:09[243]
	a diffusion of power I think actually has
	been helpful to Latin America coronavirus

	00:18:15[244]
	response I would say though that there are
	other examples where there's been some

	00:18:18[245]
	coordination Argentina we mentioned it was
	recognized by Time magazine for one of

	00:18:23[246]
	the best coronavirus responses in the world
	this is despite the economic wreckage

	00:18:27[247]
	that Argentina brought
	into the pandemic of

	00:18:29[248]
	a debt crisis and years of slow growth and
	in fact negative growth and there you

	00:18:34[249]
	have the opposition they are of the
	capital city of Waco sorry's who's been

	00:18:37[250]
	appearing at press conferences with the
	governor of the province of Buenos Aires

	00:18:41[251]
	and the president working not quite in
	lockstep but at least avoiding the kind of

	00:18:45[252]
	deep political divisions that have plagued
	Argentina in recent years and not only

	00:18:49[253]
	that but the Health Ministry in Argentina
	has monopolize the production and

	00:18:53[254]
	distribution of key equipment such as
	respirators so that unlike in the United

	00:18:57[255]
	States you don't have local governments
	in Argentina can. Against one another to

	00:19:01[256]
	inflate the traces of these vital medical
	products so there have been examples of

	00:19:06[257]
	decent coordination even across political
	parties even across different levels of

	00:19:10[258]
	government we'll have more about the
	political ramifications of the pandemic in

	00:19:14[259]
	just

	00:19:14[260]
	a moment but 1st you're listening to
	Encounter on The Voice of America I'm Carol

	00:19:19[261]
	Castiel My guests are Eric Farnsworth vice
	president of the Council of the Americas

	00:19:23[262]
	and the American society and Benjamin good
	then he's deputy director of the Woodrow

	00:19:28[263]
	Wilson Center's Latin American program and
	they both join me via Microsoft teams

	00:19:33[264]
	and we are discussing the latest
	news from the region this is

	00:19:36[265]
	a reminder that our encounter podcast
	is available on our website at v.o.a.

	00:19:40[266]
	News dot com slash encounter You may also
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	00:19:45[267]
	on Facebook at Carol has the v.o.a.

	00:19:47[268]
	Here's a big shout out to a loyal
	listener and Facebook fan Banga e.b.m.

	00:19:52[269]
	Me from Ilorin the capital of Kwara State
	in Nigeria if you want to hear your name

	00:19:57[270]
	and home country on the air
	Please like us and leave

	00:20:00[271]
	a comment on our Facebook page so gentlemen
	back to our program and we want to get

	00:20:04[272]
	back to the pen Demick implications But 1st
	quickly on the visit of the low that is

	00:20:10[273]
	of course President Manuel Lopez Obrador
	he visited the White House last week to

	00:20:15[274]
	celebrate the new and improved NAFTA
	which is of course now called the u.s.

	00:20:20[275]
	Mexico Canada agreement what's your take
	on this visit Eric vines where did they

	00:20:26[276]
	get anything out of it what was it all about
	well I think the basic level it was to

	00:20:32[277]
	celebrate the passage and the
	implementation of the u.s.m.c.

	00:20:35[278]
	Here which occurred on July 1st this
	really was quite an achievement for all 3

	00:20:40[279]
	countries and of course candidates also
	party to it the amount of political baggage

	00:20:45[280]
	that now after her detained over the
	years from both political parties in my

	00:20:50[281]
	personal view completely unfairly and on
	the Certainly but it did develop over the

	00:20:54[282]
	years to the point where it's free placement
	or at least updating probably was

	00:20:59[283]
	a political necessity. They
	nonetheless doing so was not

	00:21:02[284]
	a political certainty particularly in this
	environment here in Washington but the

	00:21:07[285]
	fact that it with done and it was done in

	00:21:09[286]
	a relatively timely
	manner and it was done in

	00:21:12[287]
	a way that will maintain the basic
	structure of North American economic

	00:21:17[288]
	connectivity I think the very positive
	result and so Mexico in particular relies on

	00:21:23[289]
	the open trading relationship with the
	United States for its own economic health

	00:21:28[290]
	and well being and so this is an absolutely
	critical priority for his Obrador in

	00:21:34[291]
	order to have the resources to develop his
	own domestic agenda which is why he was

	00:21:39[292]
	elected president in the 1st place and
	2018 so him coming to Washington to

	00:21:42[293]
	celebrate the passage implementation
	of that agreement makes

	00:21:46[294]
	a whole lot of sense from that perspective
	the question arose because of the timing

	00:21:51[295]
	primarily we've talked

	00:21:52[296]
	a lot about about corona virus and in
	Mexico the pandemic still hasn't peaked so

	00:21:56[297]
	there was a question should he be out of
	the country at this time but there's also

	00:22:00[298]
	a question should he be in
	Washington really as the u.s.

	00:22:03[299]
	Presidential elections begin to heat up
	and does this overly politicized the

	00:22:08[300]
	relationship in an honest Syrian unhelpful
	way that's something we can't know until

	00:22:14[301]
	a little bit more time recede but it is
	something that some observers particularly

	00:22:18[302]
	in Mexico were raising He
	also came to seek u.s.

	00:22:22[303]
	Assistance for coven there is

	00:22:24[304]
	a very active relationship between the
	United States and Mexico in public health

	00:22:28[305]
	spear and I think it's a positive and of
	course to discussion migration which is

	00:22:32[306]
	a perennial issue between the United States
	and Mexico so what did he get out of it

	00:22:37[307]
	I think that remains to be seen but he can
	go back to Mexico and he can show that

	00:22:41[308]
	in his 1st trip abroad he met with the
	president of the United States to celebrate

	00:22:46[309]
	an agreement that I think most observers
	would say is very positive for Mexico

	00:22:50[310]
	Benjamin good then he met with the president
	the United States didn't always have

	00:22:55[311]
	good words about Mexico and Mexicans
	especially with respect to immigration how

	00:22:59[312]
	does this big. Benefits
	Mexico in your view has been

	00:23:04[313]
	a master at not being provoked by the
	United States and has managed to survive

	00:23:09[314]
	politically this by you know accepting
	blow after blow and not only rhetorical

	00:23:14[315]
	fences against Mexico and next again but
	also actual policy disputes and in each

	00:23:20[316]
	case has simply accepted the Us agenda
	particularly in thinking of migration policy

	00:23:25[317]
	security in Mexico has worsened from already
	perilous levels since Look took office

	00:23:31[318]
	and when he stood up this new national
	guard ended up deploying it to Mexico's

	00:23:35[319]
	southern border basically at u.s.

	00:23:37[320]
	Instructions to reduce the flow of Central
	American migrants to the United States

	00:23:41[321]
	he's accepted migrants into northern
	Mexico as they await decisions from the

	00:23:46[322]
	immigration authorities in the United
	States and as I've said he hasn't responded

	00:23:50[323]
	to most of the insults that he has received
	from the White House but again he's

	00:23:54[324]
	managed to survive politically I think his
	approval rating is still over 60 percent

	00:23:58[325]
	which is extraordinary given not very
	impressive response to Cove in 1000 Mexico

	00:24:04[326]
	has over 275000 cases given his sort of
	odd reluctance to stimulate the Mexican

	00:24:10[327]
	economy next ago will contract this
	year by over 10 percent which is an

	00:24:15[328]
	unbelievable economic blow and worse than
	the regional average which you can track

	00:24:19[329]
	probably by just over 9 percent and so look
	he someone with 0 foreign policy agenda

	00:24:25[330]
	Eric sort of mentioned in passing that this
	is this 1st trip out of the country as

	00:24:29[331]
	president which is notable given that you
	know he's one of the key figures in Latin

	00:24:32[332]
	America and his domestic agenda is also
	faltering because of the economic fallout

	00:24:39[333]
	from his economic response to cope with
	1000 and he doesn't really much to show

	00:24:43[334]
	right now and yet he's
	maintained the support of

	00:24:47[335]
	a good chunk of Mexicans who still are
	confident that he's an honest guy who has

	00:24:52[336]
	the interests you know the working class
	at heart and to continue to promote that

	00:24:57[337]
	agenda with any credibility I think he
	does need. To make sure that the Us Mexico

	00:25:02[338]
	trade relationship is stable and I agree
	entirely with Eric I think he has

	00:25:06[339]
	succeeded in making sure that this
	agreement went through the finish line and

	00:25:09[340]
	making sure that none of president trumps
	threats to impose tariffs on Mexico has

	00:25:14[341]
	ever come to pass and so as much as we may
	say that he's not shown great dignity in

	00:25:18[342]
	defending Mexican pride he has managed
	both to maintain popularity at home and to

	00:25:24[343]
	you know avoid real economically
	damaging clashes with the u.s.

	00:25:28[344]
	Administration and for that I think he
	does get high marks and Benjamin very

	00:25:31[345]
	quickly should Joe Biden win the presidency
	in the elections what do you think the

	00:25:36[346]
	relationship would be like between low
	and a Biden administration could he have

	00:25:41[347]
	a gate that it's an important question I
	think Eric is right that there was some

	00:25:45[348]
	jeopardising of the bipartisan support for
	Mexico given the timing of this visit by

	00:25:50[349]
	and it had echoes of this engagement
	between candidate and former president of

	00:25:56[350]
	Mexico in the heart of that campaign I think
	in this case no there wouldn't be much

	00:26:00[351]
	change in policy it's too important

	00:26:02[352]
	a relationship to the United States as
	well the interlink it just between the

	00:26:05[353]
	economy security and
	migration concerns I think

	00:26:08[354]
	a Biden ministration would seek very close
	relations with Mexico and would have no

	00:26:12[355]
	trouble establishing that I think the
	more complicated relationship would be

	00:26:16[356]
	between both so narrow and

	00:26:17[357]
	a President Biden and that is not only
	because Bill so narrow has called himself

	00:26:21[358]
	the trump of the tropics and so deeply
	associated himself with Trump ism with Make

	00:26:26[359]
	America Great Again policies but also there
	will be real disputes between abided

	00:26:31[360]
	ministration edibles in our administration
	on human rights issues above all but

	00:26:34[361]
	also on environmental issues and so that
	also extremely critical relationship in

	00:26:39[362]
	the hemisphere I think really would be
	uncertain and in part because of some

	00:26:43[363]
	partisan orientations both in our has
	violated the sort of cardinal rules of

	00:26:47[364]
	diplomacy where you don't associate yourself
	with one political party particularly

	00:26:51[365]
	in

	00:26:51[366]
	a key relationship like this but also real
	different perspectives on environmental

	00:26:56[367]
	and human rights policies that
	would jeopardize Brazil u.s.

	00:26:59[368]
	Relations. So the question is you know
	what impact will the coronavirus pandemic

	00:27:03[369]
	have on the political landscape in Latin
	America and on strong men and populist

	00:27:08[370]
	like both on auto could this strengthen
	democracy as Benjamin good then suggested

	00:27:13[371]
	in so far as we're seeing

	00:27:15[372]
	a lot of mayors and local leaders step up
	to the plate how do you see it I think

	00:27:19[373]
	one thing what we're finding is that
	coronaviruses amplify and preexisting

	00:27:23[374]
	conditions so countries have enjoyed strong
	democratic institutions I think will

	00:27:29[375]
	weather this Ok countries where
	for attorney Islam has been

	00:27:34[376]
	a challenge or where institutions are we
	or that are divided and polarized I think

	00:27:40[377]
	the caller on the virus example find those
	divisions which Well it's going to make

	00:27:43[378]
	it more difficult going forward the last
	word to you Benjamin good then I think

	00:27:48[379]
	Eric's right it's 100 percent about
	preexisting conditions for Latin America I've

	00:27:52[380]
	talked about the region experiencing
	artificial calm mostly due to social

	00:27:56[381]
	distancing measures but 2019 was

	00:27:59[382]
	a period of enormous time Multan Latin
	America with enormous protests in places

	00:28:03[383]
	like Bolivia and Ecuador and Colombia I
	think there's no reason to think that the

	00:28:08[384]
	region can avoid that as soon as you know
	these quarantines are lifted and that's

	00:28:12[385]
	because the conditions of the region going
	in were really fragile we don't know

	00:28:16[386]
	exactly how it will play out but unfortunately
	it's just hard to predict any stable

	00:28:21[387]
	political environment given how deeply
	affected the economies of the region will be

	00:28:26[388]
	and how fragile they were before this
	pandemic and so while I don't see

	00:28:30[389]
	a lot of militaries in the region
	looking to govern particularly in such

	00:28:33[390]
	a difficult situation even though they
	are playing more prominent roles in

	00:28:37[391]
	coronavirus response and humanitarian
	response food distribution building temporary

	00:28:42[392]
	hospitals in places like Mexico Argentina
	you know enforcing curfews in places like

	00:28:46[393]
	Aruba outside of

	00:28:47[394]
	a few outliers like El Salvador where the
	countries that are already authoritarian

	00:28:51[395]
	now like Cuba Venezuela Nicaragua I don't
	see the democracies collapsing in the

	00:28:56[396]
	short term in Latin
	America what I do see is

	00:28:58[397]
	a period of great uncertainty. And enormous
	political pressure because incumbent

	00:29:03[398]
	Sudley will not have the resources needed
	to rise to this occasion All right well

	00:29:08[399]
	that is all the time we have on this special
	Latin American edition of encounter I

	00:29:12[400]
	like to thank my guests Eric Farnsworth
	vice president of the America Society and

	00:29:16[401]
	counsel of the Americas and Benjamin
	good then deputy director of the Latin

	00:29:20[402]
	American program at the Woodrow Wilson
	Center is Latin American program encounter

	00:29:25[403]
	was produced in Washington with technical
	assistance from Rick I'm Carol join me

	00:29:30[404]
	again next week for another
	encounter on the Voice of America.

	00:30:01[405]
	Unplugged and married too soon each year
	12000000 girls children under the age of

	00:30:08[406]
	18 are denied their most basic rights
	forced to give up their education career

	00:30:13[407]
	opportunities and their innocence not by
	choice but often because their culture

	00:30:19[408]
	says so we will hear from child
	brides and activists who have sets

	00:30:23[409]
	a goal of ending child marriages by the
	year 2030 when we look at the challenges

	00:30:28[410]
	and the costs of Julie's nothing on this
	week's episode of plug in the words of

	00:30:34[411]
	a girl. Hello welcome to plug
	and I'm grad of ancestor in

	00:30:41[412]
	12000000 is

	00:30:42[413]
	a staggering number and it is the estimated
	number of underage girls children who

	00:30:47[414]
	each year get married some are forced some
	do it out of obligation and some out of

	00:30:52[415]
	desperation and the problem of child
	brides is not one confined to lower income

	00:30:57[416]
	countries where about to introduce you to
	4 young women from different parts of the

	00:31:02[417]
	world all of them with
	one thing in common.

	00:31:30[418]
	And the next minute. That is going
	to duck into muscle on the phone.

	00:31:39[419]
	And then I'd be stuck I had to come
	up with a minimum. Of thought and

	00:31:45[420]
	a little bit of America.
	Which will more. M.r.

	00:31:51[421]
	For most of them would be to stop.
	Catherine I live in Dyersburg

	00:31:58[422]
	Tennessee to work all right Carol
	baby from the husband about if there.

	00:32:06[423]
	Is

	00:32:06[424]
	a minus for the whole sequel not like. The
	one I'm told but I think up until today

	00:32:12[425]
	because. If the only one of us government
	not going to when I see us which I don't

	00:32:19[426]
	love the one I'm on it wouldn't.

	00:32:26[427]
	Be evident to the fan in

	00:32:28[428]
	a gunman on the border
	that Pete Dominick. But

	00:32:36[429]
	I do see on the. Without

	00:32:38[430]
	a piece. In many ways that the dog was
	on the bottom of that region and they.

	00:32:45[431]
	Expressed an interest in one of the lead
	on the. I got pregnant. And now it kind of

	00:32:52[432]
	boy had to go ahead and get married
	so how is it in him to jail

	00:32:58[433]
	a lot of people who very own words you
	know I got told him I don't care what

	00:33:03[434]
	anybody. You know is what it
	is. That I did not. I graduate

	00:33:10[435]
	I do with you know finishes full. Grown
	up way too bad I just have to show it to

	00:33:17[436]
	your kid I. See that are now I don't see
	it be as though so and can't change.

	00:33:26[437]
	Young I want to me I choose to them that's
	on least one that my mom has to I don't

	00:33:31[438]
	want to get to some of these my human
	endorsees of the month I'm on the ground so

	00:33:38[439]
	to much on them want to get to the fundamental
	tone of securing your future more in

	00:33:43[440]
	warmer doesn't it stand was on. My bed
	somewhere in the world there those are.

	00:33:50[441]
	Clues to you the duty of those I mean
	as was there when I brought her your

	00:33:56[442]
	diminishment who are here to. What do you.

	00:34:04[443]
	Guys. Never heard of

	00:34:05[444]
	a day you know but never tidy at but
	it will be done. With of cultivating

	00:34:12[445]
	them I get mad has

	00:34:14[446]
	a mind of that one come to deal with it
	yet but that it will come up ordeal and

	00:34:20[447]
	then it will want to get it going but when
	you know that ordeal was when you get it

	00:34:26[448]
	in that when it would inevitably
	be any and all of the Asian. Or

	00:34:33[449]
	I think you Miss Ashton used to read my
	mother started in the video much the

	00:34:37[450]
	warning was to forward or to bottoms to me
	that sound you have been nasty to me or

	00:34:42[451]
	to listen.

	00:34:51[452]
	While I devise I will not be attacked as
	their method because Michael quit Michael

	00:34:57[453]
	to each of. The 3 of us as from one
	that is quitters so be it on such

	00:35:02[454]
	a bond don't need to do the figure all
	that much of it of me and I can just have

	00:35:07[455]
	one. We've

	00:35:13[456]
	gotten your feet up in your own armor
	now everything turned out with me.

	00:35:22[457]
	Good heavens only. Initially see
	it. Down like that anywhere.

	00:35:37[458]
	Yet but.

	00:35:46[459]
	'd still in childhood and these
	young women girls are just

	00:35:53[460]
	a few of the many we profiled in

	00:35:55[461]
	a recent series produced by Voice
	of America titled The worth of

	00:35:58[462]
	a girl leaner Korea is with the always
	Latin American division is one of the many

	00:36:03[463]
	to be annoyed journalist who took part in
	this global production thanks for joining

	00:36:07[464]
	us thank you very much this is one of the
	reasons I love the way it does projects

	00:36:12[465]
	like this what drew you to this project
	Well the 1st goal of this project was to

	00:36:18[466]
	bring awareness to raise awareness of the
	Need sure that I think millions around

	00:36:23[467]
	the world children girls even their families
	and he's not in the headlines it is

	00:36:30[468]
	unbelievable that in the age of women
	empowerment this issue is not in the

	00:36:34[469]
	headlines so that's that was the main
	goal but the it was the 1st time for a b.

	00:36:39[470]
	Or a e many aspects it was on
	the unique opportunity to tell

	00:36:43[471]
	a story. In that way that only be awakened.
	One set of business participated in the

	00:36:50[472]
	project in

	00:36:50[473]
	a different language and we put together
	these serious and when I say 12 services

	00:36:55[474]
	or music 12 big divisions different
	parts of the world this is

	00:36:58[475]
	a big this via way is vast all around the
	wall around the world to do this covert

	00:37:04[476]
	and every time that we went deep to find
	cases we had this covert at the. One more

	00:37:09[477]
	unexpected issues for example that
	this is done with all of them from 3rd

	00:37:16[478]
	world countries even in the United States
	and the country you found very very.

	00:37:23[479]
	A lot of cases about these phenomena is it
	are they they all have sort of the same

	00:37:28[480]
	origin was a cultural is

	00:37:30[481]
	a money and an economic or religious I
	mean is there no common theme we just have

	00:37:37[482]
	a lot of children child brides and
	of their yes but mostly. Dragged

	00:37:44[483]
	by those issues that you mention economic
	issues cultural issues believe issues.

	00:37:53[484]
	And and pull the issues and luck of
	opportunities one of the conclusions that we

	00:38:00[485]
	reached to was the many of the
	girls regret been married for

	00:38:07[486]
	any reason but the most that they regret
	that was not been able to go back to

	00:38:12[487]
	school right now there's a big
	difference between 16 which is still

	00:38:17[488]
	a child and 5 I mean it is it when I
	just picked that number had is there

	00:38:21[489]
	a range of how young these child brides
	are well if the fans on the culture too

	00:38:26[490]
	because we've discovered that the in some
	cultures since they are practically born

	00:38:31[491]
	. To an older man to sustain
	the the future of the family

	00:38:38[492]
	but in some places like. Part
	of the production we found that

	00:38:45[493]
	mostly economic reasons. Contribute
	to increase these phenomenon.

	00:38:52[494]
	We found that very very loose that if
	case in Mexico it was as isolated place

	00:38:59[495]
	and mostly in have it done by indigenous
	people chop by that quarter so we found

	00:39:04[496]
	the not only the bribe but the groom was
	under-age and this case was. Are caused

	00:39:10[497]
	because the parents. Obligated
	them to get married because of.

	00:39:17[498]
	On the site pregnancy not that you want
	to be myriad did you find any sort of now

	00:39:22[499]
	adult women who are child brides who see
	nothing wrong with this or don't see this

	00:39:26[500]
	is

	00:39:26[501]
	a violation of human rights or the for whatever
	reason they think that this is acceptable

	00:39:30[502]
	of course and that is the bottom of
	these phenomenon because it became

	00:39:36[503]
	a model for many cultures they don't see
	anything wrong and like for example in the

	00:39:42[504]
	Mexico case we our correspondent because
	we were getting close cooperation with

	00:39:47[505]
	what I feel it's in Latin America by that
	one correspondent interview with the

	00:39:50[506]
	pardons and allow me to read what the
	father of the groom explain wifey

	00:39:57[507]
	finally accept of these union and he said
	if I keep them out they might be kept

	00:40:03[508]
	about have it some Bice or drop at diction
	remember he's Mexico and all over that

	00:40:09[509]
	in America these problems are huge and
	that would be my fault what I have ended

	00:40:16[510]
	that do we need better support in them
	as much as I can thank you so incredible

	00:40:22[511]
	credible work thank you. Mention child
	marriage and the 1st thing that comes to

	00:40:26[512]
	mind are young girls in developing countries
	forced by their parents because of

	00:40:30[513]
	economic hardship or by cultural custom
	to marry an older man but young girls

	00:40:35[514]
	getting married happens more often and in
	more parts of the world than many of us

	00:40:39[515]
	would like to believe. American Ashley

	00:40:45[516]
	Duncan was barely out of middle school when
	she learned she was pregnant and I was

	00:40:51[517]
	15. And math family had believed
	that in this state and I say

	00:40:58[518]
	that if you are over 18 and have intercourse
	with anybody under 18 that it was

	00:41:05[519]
	said wherever something rather than risk
	sending him to jail Ashley married her 18

	00:41:11[520]
	year old boyfriend she's now $25.00 divorced
	and the single mother of 4 young boys

	00:41:18[521]
	but she is not alone 3 of Ashley's cousins
	were also married before the age of 18

	00:41:24[522]
	joined the 200000 miners in 41 u.s.

	00:41:27[523]
	States who are married between the years
	2000 to 2015 but Child marriage is far

	00:41:34[524]
	more common outside the United States
	about 650000000 children and women alive

	00:41:40[525]
	today were married before the age of 18
	that's roughly 17 percent of the world's

	00:41:46[526]
	female population in Africa in sub-Saharan
	countries like knees or Chad and Central

	00:41:53[527]
	African Republic 3 of every 4 girls are
	married by the age of 18 in Bangladesh it's

	00:42:00[528]
	59 percent followed by Nepal at 40
	percent in Afghanistan more than one

	00:42:07[529]
	3rd of all young girls are married by
	18 bed then the same goes for Brazil

	00:42:12[530]
	Nicaragua and Honduras and also in Laos
	where 35 percent of girls are married by

	00:42:18[531]
	18 most of the girls who marry
	before 18 do so. Because there's

	00:42:24[532]
	a lack of viable alternatives the World
	Bank and the United Nations are working

	00:42:29[533]
	with various organizations around the
	globe to come up with better alternatives

	00:42:34[534]
	their goal to eradicate child marriage
	by the year 2030. More than 190

	00:42:41[535]
	countries have adopted the United Nations
	sustainable development goals of ending

	00:42:45[536]
	child marriage in the next 10 years and
	Bush ambitious goal for sure but is that

	00:42:50[537]
	even possible Our next guest says it is
	lyric Thompson is the director of policy

	00:42:56[538]
	and advocacy at the International Center
	for Research on Women She's a member of

	00:42:59[539]
	a number of advocacy coalitions including
	girls not brides USA and the Coalition to

	00:43:05[540]
	End gender based violence
	globally She is also more than

	00:43:08[541]
	a decade of experience in global gender
	and development issues including women's

	00:43:12[542]
	economic empowerment Lynn Thompson lyric
	Thompson joins us from Raleigh North

	00:43:16[543]
	Carolina thank you for joining us it's

	00:43:18[544]
	a pleasure thank you for having me this
	issue of child brides is to me is so

	00:43:23[545]
	widespread worldwide it's name fishbowl
	to ended by 2030 number one is you know

	00:43:30[546]
	what they are cut off age and to

	00:43:32[547]
	a how this is and how do you how do you
	study convince people not to do this. Well

	00:43:37[548]
	the good news is it's ambitious
	but it's achievable I think I'm

	00:43:40[549]
	a fan of setting goals that we can achieve
	now do we need to up our level of

	00:43:45[550]
	ambition to do that I think so but my
	organization has distinguished itself in

	00:43:51[551]
	testing solutions not only
	documenting the problem and you did

	00:43:55[552]
	a very great job of showing the global
	scope and impact of the practice but also

	00:44:01[553]
	people want to know what they can do to
	help and that's where we come in and we

	00:44:04[554]
	have done

	00:44:05[555]
	a global review of every program or policy
	that attempted to end child marriage

	00:44:12[556]
	that was evaluated so that's not the
	entire universe of efforts but those that

	00:44:17[557]
	actually invested in saying Did it work
	and we were able to distill from that

	00:44:22[558]
	review that there were 5 strategies that
	can end the practice so I think the answer

	00:44:28[559]
	is yes we can end it but we really got to
	get on get on the gun where is that cut

	00:44:34[560]
	off though I mean there's some probably
	17 year olds who might be watching right

	00:44:38[561]
	now been married for 10 or 50. Happy only
	married but then I assume that there's

	00:44:42[562]
	a bottom number and you know that which I
	think most people would find appalling

	00:44:47[563]
	a very young girl where where does your
	organization sort of draw the line or how

	00:44:52[564]
	do you determine that so we ascribe to the
	internationally agreed age of majority

	00:44:58[565]
	which is from the un Convention on the
	rights of the child which says the age of 18

	00:45:03[566]
	is when you go from being

	00:45:05[567]
	a child to being an adult I think
	what you're getting at is the.

	00:45:12[568]
	Fluctuation that you see between countries
	that have different ages and then in the

	00:45:16[569]
	United States we have different ages
	by state and so the cut off from our

	00:45:22[570]
	perspective is age of 18 no exceptions
	because what you actually see in

	00:45:27[571]
	a lot of cases including our own and
	including including my home state of North

	00:45:32[572]
	Carolina where I am today you can see
	differences for girls and boys where

	00:45:39[573]
	the girls age

	00:45:41[574]
	a perm marriage is actually lower you can
	see exceptions for pregnancy is as we

	00:45:46[575]
	heard in the story at the top of the
	segment so our opinion is age of 18 no

	00:45:52[576]
	exceptions and that's what we're working
	towards by 2030 What's the youngest you've

	00:45:56[577]
	seen in terms of child brides. In the
	United States the youngest age of marriage

	00:46:01[578]
	was actually New Hampshire which just
	changed its age of marriage this year but

	00:46:06[579]
	that was 12 you can certainly as you heard
	earlier in the segment see. Countries

	00:46:13[580]
	where girls are promised from girlhood in
	even infancy so it really runs the gamut

	00:46:19[581]
	and does change slightly for geographic
	context I would imagine sort of be

	00:46:25[582]
	a cultural hurdle to overcome that some
	people may believe that this is appropriate

	00:46:30[583]
	and be harder to explain that you know why
	you might not want to have your child be

	00:46:35[584]
	. Engaged at

	00:46:37[585]
	a very young age like for instance 5. So
	certainly I think. Including our own have

	00:46:43[586]
	a hard time with for instance as you
	heard in the earlier story the idea that

	00:46:50[587]
	unmarried pregnant girl the that
	is worse than being in marriage

	00:46:57[588]
	work by icier w.

	00:46:59[589]
	And others has actually shown that.
	When you have the power dynamic of

	00:47:05[590]
	a girl being married that's not actually
	protective in all cases you see increases

	00:47:10[591]
	of gender based violence in the home
	increases in. Maternal and Child

	00:47:17[592]
	Health. Issues which including
	death and of course as

	00:47:24[593]
	with mentioned by several of the folks we
	heard from earlier in the segment very

	00:47:28[594]
	likely that she will not continue in school
	which may be the biggest indicator of

	00:47:35[595]
	a life that is likely to be lived in poverty
	and servitude thank you very much for

	00:47:41[596]
	joining us. My pleasure as you have seen
	and heard and there are different reasons

	00:47:46[597]
	why some children marry some face financial
	hardship abuse and even abandonment

	00:47:50[598]
	that is the story of Mahi from Bangladesh
	her story is different because she blames

	00:47:56[599]
	in part herself for her
	husband's decision to leave.

	00:48:06[600]
	I'm on the mighty. Among
	So when I got a boy I got

	00:48:10[601]
	a box of was selling the one I'm on about
	on the market. Volatility that can be

	00:48:16[602]
	added to that I've done and I dug it
	up that I'm going to. Not cut up.

	00:48:24[603]
	On it all the body getting bigger
	monitors thought about that actually more

	00:48:28[604]
	motivating i'm not be able to take what I
	need to as I'm you know. That's what. I

	00:48:33[605]
	mean we're going to be able to when I put
	that same amount of dollars in my own

	00:48:37[606]
	vehicle my. Model of

	00:48:39[607]
	a given the opportunity is in the.
	Me it back on got on the boat

	00:48:46[608]
	when I was born a couple to
	get the boat to be following

	00:48:49[609]
	a cycle that I would not be
	supportive of and I do want to be

	00:48:52[610]
	a daytime even chunks of what I've. Got

	00:48:56[611]
	a couple of big numbers are going to be
	taken away that. Started To me it be that I

	00:49:03[612]
	do I want to be at the bottom of my list
	I mean my show me give you 20 b.p.m.

	00:49:08[613]
	I mean I get the human spirit but
	I want to much body build this is

	00:49:13[614]
	a minority that calls I'm going to stop
	going to move the going to go by the I can

	00:49:19[615]
	be like either one of those. But I'm not
	the Tommy. How many to tell me to go I'll

	00:49:25[616]
	be shouting I'm going in
	Boston is I'm anyone who has

	00:49:28[617]
	a big let's you know them
	an apology as well as

	00:49:30[618]
	a vision of what I mean examine them Augusta
	I'm going to lobby to put it out I'm

	00:49:34[619]
	bitter that they're going to be seen by
	much but I'm much I mean I'm going to

	00:49:37[620]
	divorce like I was but hadn't. Thought gosh
	that's you know how many shows how much

	00:49:42[621]
	I mean I was really on the show me and I
	want to be perfect I'm going to be able to

	00:49:46[622]
	handle. The gig what will
	it be one of the new.

	00:49:54[623]
	Government says I gotta move it will sort
	of only eggs in Tommy and I started I

	00:49:58[624]
	said nothing but in and out but it got that
	I was at it again I busted although I'd

	00:50:02[625]
	. Should be next should do and one of only
	one of us I want to begin to get running

	00:50:07[626]
	but I do want to get in like

	00:50:08[627]
	a domino that women but I would have been
	some go to be on the go even chemical

	00:50:13[628]
	f.b.i. What up go along with the none
	of the ones I type what about b.c.

	00:50:19[629]
	I did the schools are full of this and I
	ask them to vote the fact. That the lot of

	00:50:24[630]
	them at the cost of the position I left
	from but that's I'm talking about people to

	00:50:28[631]
	vote them out of ask them both of us
	some also saw. One of the bit about the

	00:50:34[632]
	economical must tell me I last read
	it and I think I'm about. To devote

	00:50:38[633]
	a lot of talk both the timing that the but
	then I have long before that last visit

	00:50:41[634]
	the lack of what I call some of them
	some blue some some some the last time I

	00:50:45[635]
	didn't know that I was

	00:50:46[636]
	a Marek much about them out of political
	to me that way is that I got an ass of

	00:50:50[637]
	Demi The best give me book to show but I
	guess it will accept what I call Move On

	00:50:55[638]
	mobile almost I know the bomb will make
	it or Bush to be the one image but I like

	00:51:02[639]
	most of them is even the most

	00:51:03[640]
	a little chocolate Who knows what to think
	you know what is I mean I go over the

	00:51:07[641]
	map. To

	00:51:09[642]
	a bit of chalk hill on Monday when the took
	that that's not then I go wow I want to

	00:51:14[643]
	talk more than put on the whole thing memo
	talk of the political think it probable

	00:51:18[644]
	. Going to know much about when or.
	Where. The stories of anguish and

	00:51:25[645]
	despair roll and heart wrenching but as
	some of our guests have suggested there are

	00:51:29[646]
	solutions to fix this problem because Kenya
	entirely has been there she was engaged

	00:51:34[647]
	to be married at age 5 was engaged to be
	married but at the age of 11 she convinced

	00:51:40[648]
	her parents to call off the marriage
	because Kenya is now an activist have to

	00:51:44[649]
	complete her education she founded Kenya's
	dream to educate girls and traditional

	00:51:49[650]
	practices such as female genital mutilation
	and child marriage in 2009 the Kenya

	00:51:56[651]
	Center for Excellence opens

	00:51:57[652]
	a store and each year reaches thousands of
	children and community members in rural

	00:52:01[653]
	Kenya. If Kenya thank you for joining us
	thank you Your story is extraordinary and

	00:52:06[654]
	you know we we all come to all these
	issues through our through our own eyes

	00:52:10[655]
	obviously. I have no doubt your parents
	loved you but they allowed that they wanted

	00:52:15[656]
	to get engaged at age 5. How did
	how did how did they see this. Con

	00:52:22[657]
	from being mad to say best thing
	that can happen by a woman on

	00:52:27[658]
	a go. At it everybody wants that's that's
	the ultimate price so my mother was very

	00:52:33[659]
	had walking so the neighbors so that my
	mother was how. I am going to be had by

	00:52:39[660]
	this time so they booked me to be
	matted to this sign and. It was Amy you

	00:52:46[661]
	grow up knowing that's the automate your
	life has already been chatted you you know

	00:52:51[662]
	where you're going to end
	up. But because I was

	00:52:54[663]
	a fast obeyed I was helping my mother bring
	up my little sister and I couldn't see

	00:52:59[664]
	myself being

	00:53:01[665]
	a wife at 12 but that's so full of an 11
	year old you convinced your family that

	00:53:06[666]
	you want to nudge occasion and I mean what

	00:53:08[667]
	a bold thing to do for an 11 year old.
	Because I had tested some bit of education I

	00:53:13[668]
	went to school and I wanted to become

	00:53:15[669]
	a teacher. And so you've given now you've
	developed this program which is it means

	00:53:21[670]
	helping young girls that wasn't an easy
	easy thing to do I mean I've listened to

	00:53:26[671]
	some of your speeches that was even

	00:53:27[672]
	a struggle to do well I got an
	opportunity and I think I speak to say

	00:53:34[673]
	that many don't tattle but Trinity's
	So my mom helped me go back to

	00:53:41[674]
	school I treated myself of course as g.m.

	00:53:43[675]
	And I did marriages I'm mostly linked but
	I escaped and went to school. Staying in

	00:53:49[676]
	school was the most the best thing
	that happened to me I got meant I got

	00:53:56[677]
	a scholarship I ended up at the University
	of America and my whole wad opened up

	00:54:02[678]
	and. That's where the timing point is
	that have I'm actually be cation I was

	00:54:06[679]
	getting my youngest sister and maybe kids
	in the village just west still getting

	00:54:13[680]
	married and when we talk about numbers
	that you know we've been putting 12000000

	00:54:16[681]
	goals getting married yearly that's
	one to 3 goals every minute. Of real

	00:54:23[682]
	kids how many m.

	00:54:25[683]
	How many people in your village growing up
	about. 610010000 how many girls besides

	00:54:32[684]
	yourself didn't end up being

	00:54:34[685]
	a child bride would prepare you able to
	quantify or say what percentage what I can

	00:54:39[686]
	tell you when I started 1st grade there
	were many of us my very fast best friend

	00:54:43[687]
	got mad when when 6 Great 8 Great who were
	only 2 it's. Of them had already gotten

	00:54:50[688]
	married one of the things that we read about
	do you say female genital mutilation.

	00:54:57[689]
	Is that is is that why do you practiced
	in this way to practice and then

	00:55:04[690]
	mothers are from Mother this is part of
	mothers understand this and mothers are

	00:55:08[691]
	a participate in this and
	it's a rite of passage to

	00:55:10[692]
	a woman would and so for you to be matted
	you have to go through such an rite of

	00:55:16[693]
	passage in and in my community it's female
	genital cutting and that always when

	00:55:21[694]
	that happens that God gets mad and she
	dropped out of schools she she leaves in

	00:55:26[695]
	a very difficult and the continual.
	And in your community back home that

	00:55:33[696]
	that's acceptable and culturally accepted.
	Did it I'm having Yeah I mean admit it

	00:55:39[697]
	it's been practiced for years and years and
	yet it has been saying you know when I

	00:55:42[698]
	when we start this conversation so you
	look through I look through things through

	00:55:45[699]
	my eyes you know and you know through my
	eyes you know that's hurting somebody you

	00:55:50[700]
	know just having children and child marriages
	turning people to what has been the

	00:55:55[701]
	response to what you've done I mean people
	embraced your but your program to get to

	00:56:00[702]
	and to to work against did to educate.
	Good to educate girls and to work against

	00:56:04[703]
	child marriage absolutely I think one of
	the things that we have been able to shoot

	00:56:08[704]
	is to show people what an educated gun looks
	like the I grew up in the community I

	00:56:14[705]
	came back to the community I was in the
	community I took my very fast own goals in

	00:56:19[706]
	2009 and right now in university and in
	colleges we have walked with the parents

	00:56:25[707]
	our believe is that enter into
	a home through a Duke eating

	00:56:29[708]
	a go the rest is history when you dig
	in the family she's going to impact the

	00:56:34[709]
	family life and that's really what has been
	happening that the parents have come in

	00:56:39[710]
	that festival very
	skeptical a woman building

	00:56:42[711]
	a school for girls but we've been able to
	show them and now the community is very

	00:56:47[712]
	supportive we all are free from female
	genital cutting there free from getting that

	00:56:52[713]
	alley there continuing in trying and truly
	we need to empower girl need to change

	00:56:58[714]
	the. Story so I want to I 1st saw it
	on a ted talk and I mean I wish we had

	00:57:03[715]
	a whole lot of time and maybe even I mean
	you know even like trying to get the

	00:57:07[716]
	mental in the community to let you come to
	the United States to study you know as I

	00:57:11[717]
	said I looked through things to my own eyes
	you know as I can imagine that you know

	00:57:15[718]
	. It's extraordinary what you've done and
	that you've given back to your community

	00:57:20[719]
	I think when you have given an opportunity
	you have saying that to whom much is

	00:57:25[720]
	given much is expected and so I but you
	embrace that I mean you did that I mean

	00:57:30[721]
	that said to whom

	00:57:30[722]
	a lot when you have done that because I
	have so many goals that I see every day I

	00:57:35[723]
	want you featured today in this story
	each one of them decides it wants

	00:57:40[724]
	a better life and if I can do

	00:57:41[725]
	a little something I'm going
	to do that to make their life

	00:57:44[726]
	a better life what's extraordinary
	way of my had to thank.

	00:58:27[727]
	Wash your hands with soap and water before
	you eat off to using the toilet after

	00:58:33[728]
	touching anything many other
	people touch like a seat on

	00:58:37[729]
	a public bus scrub family for 20 seconds
	if you cannot wash your hands use

	00:58:44[730]
	a hand sanitizer taking these steps can
	prevent not only coronavirus but also colds

	00:58:51[731]
	and flu and other viruses for more
	information visit the World Health

	00:58:56[732]
	Organization's website w w w dot w h i n

	00:59:01[733]
	t That's all time we are for today stay
	plugged in by liking us on Facebook at

	00:59:06[734]
	Voice America and you can also like my
	Facebook page at Facebook. And follow me on

	00:59:12[735]
	Twitter. Thank.

	00:59:32[736]
	You love music about Carrie Underwood.
	In the Ritalin experience the best

	00:59:39[737]
	music on country hits USA. A
	little hillbilly contemporary in.

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	45. /details/VOA_Global_English_20200712_060000?start=218 (link)
	46. /details/VOA_Global_English_20200712_060000?start=224 (link)
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	Date Published: 2020-07-12 07:11:41
	Identifier: VOA_Global_English_20200712_060000
	Item Size: 60010294
	Language: eng
	Media Type: audio

	# Topics
	Radio Program

	# Collections
	Radio-VOA-Global-English
	stream_only
	radio
	radioprograms

	# Uploaded by
	@arkiver2

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