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	VOA [Voice of America] Africa : July 03, 2018 11:00PM-12:00AM EDT
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	00:00:00[1]
	That was a subsidiary of the one M. D.B.O.

	00:00:03[2]
	State own investment fund which he founded
	in Kuala Lumpur University of New South

	00:00:07[3]
	Wales Professor Emeritus Clive Kessler So
	the former prime minister's election loss

	00:00:12[4]
	led to his eventual arrest he don't lost
	the election he wouldn't be in this

	00:00:16[5]
	situation he lost the situation because
	people be carried it severs fly not

	00:00:22[6]
	happy and quite angry about all the things
	that he did that had been laid into the

	00:00:29[7]
	to be charged as he is being charged but
	my minister Najib has called the Chargers

	00:00:33[8]
	politically motivated he'll contest them
	and he said clear his name according to

	00:00:38[9]
	testimony published Tuesday UN rights experts
	charged troops and rebels Democratic

	00:00:43[10]
	Republic of Congo's region with atrocities
	including mass rape dismemberment and

	00:00:48[11]
	cannibalism during

	00:00:49[12]
	a year long conflict ending in $27.00.
	In what you call the president of

	00:00:54[13]
	international experts team Buckaroo Wali
	in die is that it moves at the last months

	00:00:58[14]
	of the conflict involved in Rick stream Lee
	threatening interethnic conflict report

	00:01:02[15]
	presented to the UN Human
	Rights Council this is V.O.A.

	00:01:06[16]
	News Iranian President Hassan Rouhani
	is insisted the reimposition of U.S.

	00:01:11[17]
	Sanctions targeting Iran's oil sector
	will never be able to cut the country's

	00:01:16[18]
	exports completely. Parents which
	are limits to Rouhani said it's

	00:01:23[19]
	incorrect and on why to imagine someday
	all producer countries will be able to

	00:01:28[20]
	export their surplus oil in Iran will not
	be able to do so Monday the US announced

	00:01:33[21]
	a 2 level reimposition tier of sanctions
	after pulled out of the 2015 international

	00:01:38[22]
	nuclear agreement with Iran over its
	destabilizing policies Deakin University

	00:01:43[23]
	analyst Shahram Akbar's

	00:01:45[24]
	a double leaves to Iran will be able to
	evade some of those sanctions have been

	00:01:50[25]
	able to evade international sanctions even
	before the answer and expose his voice

	00:01:57[26]
	to Asia is going to make

	00:01:59[27]
	a very. Difficult but you don't take what
	is all clearly So I think the governments

	00:02:03[28]
	of the US can do so but they would have
	caught you know how completely Iran and its

	00:02:08[29]
	European partners in the nuclear dear all
	to meet in Vienna Friday for talks on

	00:02:13[30]
	a way forward following the
	U.S. Withdrawal the U.N.

	00:02:16[31]
	Security Council is expected to hold an
	emergency meeting Thursday to discuss the

	00:02:21[32]
	Russian backed Syrian assault on rebel held
	southern Iraq did governorate that has

	00:02:26[33]
	forced hundreds of thousands from their
	homes the area used to be protected by an

	00:02:30[34]
	internationally arranged
	deescalation zone U.S.

	00:02:33[35]
	Spokesperson Heather no IRD lamented
	the latest violence there are ongoing

	00:02:38[36]
	airstrikes some humanitarian aid had
	been stopped we understand that in the

	00:02:43[37]
	humanitarian aid maybe getting back in
	again at least for now but it's certainly

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	not

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	a safe situation so we're continuing to have
	talks with the Russians we're continuing

	00:02:51[40]
	to have talks with the Jordanians and
	express our extreme concern about the

	00:02:55[41]
	situation there the issue is

	00:02:56[42]
	a matter of discussion between Secretary
	of State Mike POMPEI O and Russian Foreign

	00:03:01[43]
	Minister Sergei Lavrov on the phone
	Tuesday they also spoke about next week's

	00:03:05[44]
	planned summit between Presidents Donald
	Trump and plenty more Putin in Helsinki

	00:03:09[45]
	July 16 U.S.

	00:03:11[46]
	Lawmakers were in Moscow Tuesday meeting
	Russian officials Senator Richard Shelby

	00:03:15[47]
	said the bilateral relationship is important
	believe Russia and the United States

	00:03:20[48]
	and the world better off if we improve our
	relations ties have been battered over

	00:03:26[49]
	allegations of Russian meddling in U.S.

	00:03:28[50]
	Elections the annexation of Crimea and Syria
	the rights group Amnesty International

	00:03:33[51]
	said the new government of
	president Julius moderate B.-O.

	00:03:36[52]
	In Sierra Leone has failed to restore the
	right to freedom of assembly and as yet

	00:03:40[53]
	to prosecute policemen who killed protesters
	over the past decade called on the B.

	00:03:45[54]
	Or ministration to help restore public
	trust in security forces in the American

	00:03:50[55]
	West hundreds of firefighters battle
	out of control wildfires fueled by low

	00:03:54[56]
	humidity high winds and temperatures in
	California and Colorado I'm Victor Beatty

	00:03:59[57]
	V.O.Y.

	00:03:59[58]
	New. Good

	00:04:14[59]
	morning. From the Voice of
	America. In Washington.

	00:04:29[60]
	Standing. In. Doubt only. On the.

	00:04:39[61]
	Political unrest. And. Terrorist groups.

	00:04:47[62]
	It is banning single use plastic bags
	because of the threat they pose to the

	00:04:52[63]
	environment and the government
	of Zimbabwe is denying

	00:04:56[64]
	a report from Human Rights Watch
	documented extensive child in the country.

	00:05:06[65]
	Should be.

	00:05:13[66]
	Used. In. Each

	00:05:21[67]
	child. Because of chronic poverty and
	government has proposed extending

	00:05:28[68]
	President Salva Kiir. The
	move illegal as the 2

	00:05:34[69]
	sides

	00:05:36[70]
	a peace deal and. What.

	00:05:47[71]
	It offered. Me to.

	00:05:55[72]
	Get. The ball or not.
	And that's his Indows

	00:06:02[73]
	the chaplain of the National Committee for
	culture youth empowerment and sports for

	00:06:07[74]
	the social position S.P.L.

	00:06:09[75]
	And I will stay tuned Those stories
	plus our World Cup coming up right here

	00:06:16[76]
	on DAYBREAK Africa.

	00:06:27[77]
	And will start in Somalia where the
	terrorist group al-Shabaab says that it is

	00:06:32[78]
	banning plastic bags because of the threat
	they posed to the environment extremist

	00:06:37[79]
	group made the announcement through its
	radio radio. Saying that discarded plastic

	00:06:43[80]
	bags pose

	00:06:44[81]
	a serious threat to the well being of
	humans and animals alike the group also

	00:06:50[82]
	banned the logging of native trees Mohammed
	Abu Abdullah the group's governor for

	00:06:56[83]
	southern Somalia say the details of how
	the plan would be implemented will be

	00:07:02[84]
	announced later and in Mali election
	workers have extended their strike

	00:07:07[85]
	a move that costs far the doubt on an
	election this month an election that was

	00:07:13[86]
	supposed to chart

	00:07:14[87]
	a way out of 6 years of political unrest
	and jihadist violence in the country

	00:07:21[88]
	mollies government's ability to secure
	the July 29th vote has been thrown into

	00:07:26[89]
	question by repeated attacks by Islamist
	militant groups and the tit for tat

	00:07:32[90]
	violence between rival ethnic groups in
	the center and the north of the vast West

	00:07:37[91]
	African nation and in Nigeria Police
	say they have rescued the father of

	00:07:42[92]
	a national soccer team captain John Obi
	Mikel after he was kidnapped for the 2nd

	00:07:48[93]
	time in 7 years Mikhail has been playing
	in the World Cup in Russia although

	00:07:54[94]
	Nigeria fell to make it out of the
	group stage kidnappings for ransom is

	00:07:58[95]
	a common problem. In parts of Nigeria
	particularly in the Niger Delta region the

	00:08:04[96]
	country's oil production
	heartland which neighbors

	00:08:08[97]
	a new state Zimbabwe's
	government is denying

	00:08:11[98]
	a report from Human Rights Watch that
	documented extensive child labor on the

	00:08:17[99]
	country's top farms some of the children
	as young as 10 years old and the report

	00:08:22[100]
	say that many have experienced acute
	nicotine poisoning from handling tobacco

	00:08:27[101]
	plants Sebastian most reports
	from Harare for V.O.A.

	00:08:31[102]
	Their 105 page report titled

	00:08:34[103]
	a bid to have just documents how children
	waking on to bubble farms in Zimbabwe are

	00:08:41[104]
	denied time in school and have to perform
	tasks that threaten their health and

	00:08:47[105]
	17 according to Human Rights Watch one
	of the most serious of his is going to

	00:08:54[106]
	buckle sickness which is caused by absorbing
	nicotine through the skin from tobacco

	00:09:00[107]
	plants that I scoops aid the 14 child
	with cuz it interviewed and some

	00:09:07[108]
	other els Sayed they had experienced at
	least one symptom consistent with acute

	00:09:13[109]
	nicotine poisoning such as now Z.R.

	00:09:17[110]
	Vomiting headaches or
	dissonance in an interview with

	00:09:23[111]
	a view is the sickest sorry for me instal
	Fleda and social welfare and born in

	00:09:29[112]
	muscle car Sayed the Human Rights Watch
	report is not fictional and has not been

	00:09:35[113]
	independently confirmed but here
	that the young stars face hazards

	00:09:42[114]
	wicking on Zimbabwe farms what we
	need to do we need to do this is to

	00:09:49[115]
	determine the nature in the extent
	of the child labor problems in our

	00:09:55[116]
	farms that's what will and muscle cannot
	add to the problem is. Not limited to

	00:10:01[117]
	Zimbabweans millions of children are
	around the world perform wake on farms

	00:10:08[118]
	for little or no pay some are helping
	their families advice are working for

	00:10:15[119]
	low wages in Zimbabwe kids on farms
	and less than 10 dollars per day

	00:10:22[120]
	I doubt says Chimedza is program scored
	nettle or the International Labor

	00:10:27[121]
	Organization in Zimbabwe and she's
	saying the issue of child labor persists

	00:10:34[122]
	because of course the poor 14 which
	she called the key driver of child

	00:10:40[123]
	labor and the HIV pandemic which forces
	children to support them solves when

	00:10:47[124]
	a parent dies Zimbabwe's government as it
	had to fight the illegal convention that

	00:10:54[125]
	calls for the enemy nation of the West
	forms of child labor she knows she say's

	00:11:01[126]
	employers now have to get the message they
	want to talk of this into consideration

	00:11:07[127]
	because it's important to let the people
	who employ should be aware that it is not

	00:11:12[128]
	right to employ children who are
	underage Liber said without

	00:11:16[129]
	a muscle car Sayed the government has

	00:11:19[130]
	a commitment to go out and emitting
	child labor in all forms. Of

	00:11:26[131]
	force here in use. In Sudan's People
	Liberation Movement in opposition S.P.L.

	00:11:33[132]
	M I or has sharply condemned the plans by
	the South Sudanese government to extend

	00:11:39[133]
	President Salva kills term for 3 additional
	years the group stays administration

	00:11:45[134]
	proposal could derail efforts by the
	international community to help end the

	00:11:51[135]
	ongoing conflict your position contends
	that the move to extend the president's

	00:11:56[136]
	Monday it would undermine the ongoing
	dialogue. Aimed to resolve the ongoing

	00:12:01[137]
	conflict the criticism followed a proposal
	by the government to Parliament seeking

	00:12:07[138]
	a measure to extend the president's dumb
	which will enable Kira to stay in office

	00:12:12[139]
	until 2021 For more reaction Vo is Peter
	Clottey reached money messes even though

	00:12:18[140]
	the S.P.L.

	00:12:19[141]
	And Iowa chairperson of the National
	Committee for culture youth empowerment and

	00:12:24[142]
	sports we received information from
	media. Coverage of tougher than it was.

	00:12:32[143]
	Such a plan it would be to get

	00:12:34[144]
	a 2nd buck to the process. Meaning
	that they are not for me to be for the

	00:12:41[145]
	process in which we've been talking together.
	Mean that we are not expected for the

	00:12:48[146]
	Constitution under the law supporters of
	the government are saying that this is the

	00:12:52[147]
	right move to ensure the country returns
	to peace and stability and prison is the

	00:12:59[148]
	right moment to leave the country towards
	that so there's need for this extension

	00:13:04[149]
	to help in that process why do you disagree
	it cannot be you know for instance

	00:13:08[150]
	a kid under very demeaning Kwanza of.
	History respecting the constituents

	00:13:16[151]
	I can once or twice some of the
	timing of the projects I had and he's

	00:13:23[152]
	extending needs to back up when
	we come to that maybe like

	00:13:28[153]
	a bunch. Of the present in the country
	but at the moment at the moment we are

	00:13:34[154]
	talking with the dam under
	the talk of a town advance

	00:13:38[155]
	a level so there would be no need
	for them all to go through the bus.

	00:13:45[156]
	Was parliament to order my town
	understand even tell me an office. And I

	00:13:52[157]
	didn't see it very funny it does.
	Come call the stops where we.

	00:13:59[158]
	Finalized the props for much practice on

	00:14:02[159]
	a government of national unity which
	will have the backing of the people and

	00:14:08[160]
	alleged abductors our government of national
	unity. Embarked on their promise which

	00:14:13[161]
	is the country needs and there are
	studies on that's an election on

	00:14:18[162]
	a critic they want government to come to
	power well then too there are concerns

	00:14:22[163]
	that each time there is

	00:14:24[164]
	a peace agreement signed it is valid and
	accusations and counter-accusations traded

	00:14:31[165]
	by both sides that is why some suggest that
	it will be beneficial to the country so

	00:14:37[166]
	that there will be

	00:14:38[167]
	a continuous government in place to
	administer the office of the countries don't

	00:14:44[168]
	you think so it is not the case it's just
	one in the list called Picket from which

	00:14:50[169]
	is walking and general this is

	00:14:52[170]
	a mechanism which would lead. To the
	disagreement in thinking people think

	00:14:59[171]
	now is to stop every time that
	the violation of. To decide that

	00:15:06[172]
	it is that a possibility of a
	consumption goal would be to get

	00:15:10[173]
	a location where that didn't violate one
	to start with who was invited to the cease

	00:15:14[174]
	fire and if someone has been agreeing
	to be under they are because she was

	00:15:21[175]
	violating the cease fire so in
	fact what that brought us to where

	00:15:27[176]
	we are in government continued
	violations of everything including the

	00:15:34[177]
	pope in the remake of which we hardly can
	thank you we are ready for the agreements

	00:15:42[178]
	not only

	00:15:42[179]
	a peace agreement but that critical I'm
	beginning to make you want to put into the

	00:15:46[180]
	country. So what is the important thing now
	in the government to abandon any deep.

	00:15:54[181]
	A belief that the longer we can go on
	militarily is the bungling attitude come to

	00:16:00[182]
	get people to prevent And I guess you can
	come to. The moment we we we reached and

	00:16:07[183]
	I debunked that event to stage.
	In the negotiations. Some of the

	00:16:15[184]
	issues which year we
	didn't agree on some of us

	00:16:22[185]
	are brought into being reported to be
	able to be given I was used. To the new.

	00:16:29[186]
	Mediation here and I am with
	what they are now compiling.

	00:16:38[187]
	Their proposal based on the quantity from
	the. Order and my own impression is that

	00:16:45[188]
	the talks are run Flipboard fortitude to
	come today to the peace talks and there it

	00:16:52[189]
	coming will be 5th the redirect of the
	take on this I think I can assure you that

	00:16:57[190]
	we can reach an agreement. In the shortest
	time possible and it is what it will

	00:17:04[191]
	bring stability to the country. So what
	is the next line of action of the S.P.L.

	00:17:08[192]
	Am I or following this move by the
	government to have the parliament extend

	00:17:14[193]
	President Assad Mark is Monday for 3
	additional years. I will not match

	00:17:20[194]
	2 because of you but I can assure you
	that Israel will not accept the. 30

	00:17:27[195]
	bucks to the peace process I would
	immediately want to call on you guys.

	00:17:34[196]
	To be going on. To what is shown
	very human if you are not. Such

	00:17:41[197]
	a plan. For the peace talks
	yes I agree on many.

	00:17:49[198]
	Issues under the cusp of my practice of
	government of national unity. Which will

	00:17:54[199]
	bring admitting the country
	Munna says in the S.P.L.

	00:18:00[200]
	And chairperson of the National Committee
	for culture youth empowerment and sports

	00:18:07[201]
	he was speaking to Via with Peter Cloete.
	Over 20000000 South Africans are active

	00:18:13[202]
	on the Internet and that number ease growing
	rapidly but one negative report fact

	00:18:20[203]
	is that digital banking fraud is at an all
	time high scums does lower victims by

	00:18:25[204]
	telling them that they have qualified for
	loans or calling them to financially

	00:18:30[205]
	assist fictitious projects but the latest
	report by insights agency Coleman it does

	00:18:36[206]
	indicate

	00:18:37[207]
	a marked increase in public awareness of
	various types of fraud and from Johannesburg

	00:18:42[208]
	South Africa 90 S Army has this report
	digital banking fraud has been steadily

	00:18:49[209]
	increasing in South Africa over the
	past few years that's according to clue

	00:18:54[210]
	midnight insights agency
	which has just released

	00:18:56[211]
	a study about this problem the organization's
	antics on the declining Ses as the

	00:19:02[212]
	consumer and banks increase their security
	measures the criminals become more

	00:19:07[213]
	cunning technological countermeasures
	evolve so do criminals you know I actually

	00:19:12[214]
	dare say that the criminals
	the underworld is

	00:19:14[215]
	a bit more cost than some of the
	countermeasures we've already got

	00:19:18[216]
	a place for me it's literally

	00:19:20[217]
	a case of they're probing for weakness to
	find out where ever they can gain access

	00:19:26[218]
	to personal information with your bank
	account details for instance if I look at

	00:19:30[219]
	some of the data we've collected over
	the last year you can see that there is

	00:19:34[220]
	a steady rise in understanding the awareness
	of some of the threats out there but

	00:19:41[221]
	that rise also is married to the fact that
	we are also experiencing more victims of

	00:19:47[222]
	these crimes the study shows South Africans
	are more aware of cyber criminals and

	00:19:52[223]
	do in general take extra care when transacting
	over the intonate despite this 22

	00:19:59[224]
	percent of online banking clients still
	fall prey to criminals over the past 12

	00:20:04[225]
	months to quitting says criminals are
	constantly tasting boundaries walls and.

	00:20:10[226]
	Security it's so sophisticated
	when you could for instance

	00:20:14[227]
	a phishing scam he could be receiving an
	e-mail from your boss and actually your

	00:20:20[228]
	boss is you know who it is and you try
	to be the diligent employee click on the

	00:20:24[229]
	link open the attachment that's over my
	own personal experience I would preach

	00:20:28[230]
	caution diligence not take experts advise
	uses to treat all e-mails with suspicion

	00:20:35[231]
	even from saying this you know for
	example if you're not expecting

	00:20:39[232]
	a report or presentation from

	00:20:41[233]
	a colleague or friend call them to confirm
	the contents before opening attachments

	00:20:47[234]
	and when making on line purchases for the
	1st time research the company before

	00:20:52[235]
	paying and always apply

	00:20:54[236]
	a large dose of common sense to any
	transactions you perform on line for V.O.A.

	00:21:01[237]
	Africa I'm not yes Fahmi days after
	the Ugandan government implemented

	00:21:05[238]
	a tax on social media uses it is contemplating
	yet another tax in this time it's on

	00:21:12[239]
	international social media corporations
	like Twitter what's up Viber Instagram and

	00:21:19[240]
	Facebook the government also insists that
	the $200.00 Uganda shillings per day or

	00:21:25[241]
	about $20.00 a year Lavey is

	00:21:28[242]
	a reasonable one and that social media
	users in the country must be able to pay

	00:21:32[243]
	that reporter Davis

	00:21:33[244]
	a work arrange the files this report from
	Kampala Uganda David Bahati Uganda's

	00:21:39[245]
	finance that minister called

	00:21:41[246]
	a press conference this Tuesday to confirm
	that the government will not budge about

	00:21:45[247]
	the newly introduced fee on social media
	and mobile many transactions when you.

	00:21:52[248]
	Propose a tax measure it's

	00:21:54[249]
	a must be affordable it must be
	reasonable and we think about.

	00:22:01[250]
	$70000.00 for

	00:22:02[251]
	a horror. Is reasonable for the whore Yeah
	that's why we say let's look at this if

	00:22:10[252]
	that is not for his beauty of Africa
	that is not going to be there but then 2

	00:22:16[253]
	people under a proposed 11 percent with

	00:22:18[254]
	a problem in which problem and vice
	president 7 suggested action of the social

	00:22:23[255]
	media tax stating that citizens use it for

	00:22:26[256]
	a form of the moment adding
	referred to as little gamble in

	00:22:29[257]
	a locally then language the government
	hopes to raise at least $1.00 trillion you

	00:22:34[258]
	get bought $400000000.00 in revenues from
	social media uses he says the money will

	00:22:40[259]
	be used to construct schools or hospitals
	and expanded networks as well as other

	00:22:44[260]
	infrastructure projects in the country but
	also says that aside from social media

	00:22:50[261]
	users the government is working on

	00:22:51[262]
	a law that the national system media
	operations to pay taxes you accessing Facebook

	00:22:58[263]
	and without Give them an opportunity to buy
	but ties for other companies and we're

	00:23:03[264]
	saying even those. Companies that
	are making money using the Dunder

	00:23:10[265]
	space hours away to be permitted to make

	00:23:13[266]
	a contribution and
	remember we're working out

	00:23:15[267]
	a mechanism for this member of parliament
	there is actually agrees. It will also

	00:23:22[268]
	teach people some lessons there's

	00:23:25[269]
	a bit of using the social media is already
	like that if you know how to control the

	00:23:30[270]
	use of the media or Also saving Social
	Media Because if I wanted to why should I

	00:23:35[271]
	have to use it live I'm capable and then I
	can use it. But another parliamentarian

	00:23:40[272]
	bottom up was this describes
	the tax on social media as

	00:23:44[273]
	a double taxation and unfair he says users
	already pay for the tax when they buy it

	00:23:49[274]
	take it blames voters for voting into
	the soup but leaders in what is what

	00:23:56[275]
	the report is that this film you are seeing
	in the north. You think I want to hear

	00:24:02[276]
	. From thank you for that reporting Don't

	00:24:09[277]
	change in different sectors so social
	media users interviewed in the streets of

	00:24:14[278]
	company told viewers yesterday the new
	taxes on social media and mobile human

	00:24:19[279]
	transactions have affected their
	businesses some citizens also petition the

	00:24:24[280]
	constitutional court seeking to have
	the new taxes revoked for the. News

	00:24:31[281]
	a young woman Davis rocket
	engine company Uganda U.N.

	00:24:36[282]
	Executive director Henrietta 4 warns Yemen
	is on the brink of wanna bes as the

	00:24:42[283]
	country's devastating conflict pushes
	its economy for has just returned from

	00:24:48[284]
	a 4 day visit to Aden and Santa Lisa
	Sharon reports for be away from Geneva

	00:24:54[285]
	Yemen which the U.N.

	00:24:56[286]
	Calls the world's worst humanitarian crisis
	is likely to get even worse the United

	00:25:02[287]
	Nations reports 22000000 people are in
	need of assistance and half of them are

	00:25:07[288]
	children it says 80 percent of the
	population lives under the poverty line

	00:25:12[289]
	$8400000.00 are facing famine and one
	child dies every 10 minutes UNICEF chief

	00:25:18[290]
	Henry out of 4 says more than half of
	health facilities have stopped working and

	00:25:24[291]
	others are barely functioning She says many
	of the medical staff have not been paid

	00:25:29[292]
	for 2 years yet they come to
	work because they know there is

	00:25:32[293]
	a need she says 1500 schools have been
	damaged due to airstrikes and shelling and.

	00:25:38[294]
	Closed teachers also have not been paid and
	have stopped teaching the children for

	00:25:43[295]
	says the water and sanitation system is
	broken a situation that could lead to

	00:25:49[296]
	a resurgence of cholera and other diseases
	so as you can see the social protection

	00:25:55[297]
	system the health the education and the
	water and sanitation are the key elements

	00:26:01[298]
	in any community and if they collapse all
	of us will have an enormous disaster on

	00:26:08[299]
	our hands before says UNICEF in partnership
	with other organizations is doing its

	00:26:14[300]
	best to keep these vital systems afloat she
	reports conditions in the port city of

	00:26:19[301]
	her data are getting worse the government
	supporters Saudi led coalition began

	00:26:24[302]
	fighting in mid June to rest this is

	00:26:26[303]
	a vital port from the hoody rebels the
	UNICEF chief reports 5000 families have fled

	00:26:33[304]
	their homes in the past 2 weeks supplies

	00:26:36[305]
	a basic commodities are dwindling and
	prices are soaring She says her data was in

	00:26:41[306]
	the midst of several so-called days of
	tranquility while she was there she says

	00:26:47[307]
	this temporary ceasefire was inactive to
	lead peace talks led by UN envoy for Yemen

	00:26:53[308]
	Martin Griffiths continue foretells V.O.A.

	00:26:56[309]
	That UNICEF has asked the warring factions
	to grant several days of tranquility in

	00:27:01[310]
	mid July to allow that the nation's for
	children to take place the vaccination

	00:27:07[311]
	program is very important
	for every aspect of

	00:27:10[312]
	a child's life the child mortality rates
	are very high in Yemen and we need to

	00:27:16[313]
	continue to him and children reach out
	to them with health and basic hygiene

	00:27:22[314]
	services the UN reports at least 2200
	children have been killed and 3400 injured

	00:27:29[315]
	since the Saudi coalition began its air
	campaign against Hutu rebels in March

	00:27:34[316]
	2015 in support of the government unit. 4
	says peace is the only way to stop the

	00:27:41[317]
	killings and turn Yemen back into

	00:27:43[318]
	a functioning society. For viewing
	news Judy and that's it for this

	00:27:50[319]
	July the 4th edition of DAYBREAK Africa
	with thank you for spending this morning

	00:27:55[320]
	with us join us again tomorrow for more
	African news and right here on the English

	00:28:02[321]
	officer of the Voice of America on behalf
	of the DAYBREAK AFRICA crew produce any

	00:28:08[322]
	call back for report. I'm
	Jackson. In Washington and I'm

	00:28:14[323]
	wishing you

	00:28:15[324]
	a very good morning
	Africa. This is. Africa

	00:28:24[325]
	. First African.

	00:28:47[326]
	Africa. Africa. On Africa.

	00:28:55[327]
	Our primary. Source for.

	00:29:13[328]
	Today is Wednesday July 4th this is feel
	ways international edition I'm Lori London

	00:29:19[329]
	in Washington coming up ahead of next
	week's NATO summit President Trump rattles

	00:29:24[330]
	U.S. Allies with a letter demanding
	they spend more on their security

	00:29:29[331]
	a group of boys and their
	football coach have been found in

	00:29:31[332]
	a cave in Thailand but rescuing them will
	not be easy you have made up for the

	00:29:36[333]
	balancing game between having huge amounts
	of hope and on the other side having not

	00:29:42[334]
	elements of the shoe trysts that's involved
	in this in this process Also ahead

	00:29:46[335]
	a just approved drug to treat epilepsy
	is the 1st to use cannabis on today's

	00:29:53[336]
	international edition. NATO European
	NATO as European allies are pushing back

	00:29:58[337]
	against U.S.

	00:29:59[338]
	Criticism that they're not spending enough
	on defense as President Donald Trump

	00:30:04[339]
	ratchets up pressure ahead of the summit
	next week ahead of the July 11th 12th

	00:30:09[340]
	summit in Brussels Tromp set

	00:30:11[341]
	a letter to Norway and other allies demanding
	that they boost spending White House

	00:30:16[342]
	press secretary Sarah Sanders said President
	Trump wants NATO allies to follow

	00:30:21[343]
	through on their pledge to spend
	2 percent of their G.D.P.

	00:30:24[344]
	On defense within

	00:30:26[345]
	a decade the president has publicly shared
	his frustration that you'd like to see

	00:30:31[346]
	other countries step up and do more
	particularly when they have the capability. The

	00:30:37[347]
	upcoming meeting is the 1st major
	summit since the fractious group of

	00:30:44[348]
	7 meeting in Canada last month and NATO
	officials are concerned the transatlantic

	00:30:49[349]
	divisions over trade tariffs and the U.S.

	00:30:51[350]
	Pullout from the global climate agreement
	on Iran nuclear deal could undermine

	00:30:56[351]
	Alliance unity Joining us now for
	European reaction is Paris based reporter

	00:31:02[352]
	Catherine field CATHERINE What are leaders
	there saying the reaction so far has

	00:31:07[353]
	been concern that they don't
	hold from the has made such

	00:31:12[354]
	a bold statement on military
	spending that has being concerned

	00:31:17[355]
	a very public concern about whether or not
	the NATO summit next week and Brussels

	00:31:23[356]
	would end up looking like the G.

	00:31:25[357]
	7 Summit and Canada which was very closely
	aligned strong between America and the

	00:31:32[358]
	rest of the Western Allies who at that
	summit meeting so the big concern is that

	00:31:38[359]
	Donald Trump will continue this pressure
	when he comes to Brussels and that the

	00:31:44[360]
	allies will feel as though they are no
	longer allies of the United States they are

	00:31:49[361]
	no longer partners in peace they are now
	if you let competitors in just when it

	00:31:55[362]
	comes to trade rather than the defense
	of you or the defense of what you have

	00:32:00[363]
	stands for which is freedom democracy and
	now that is the big concern the other

	00:32:05[364]
	reason there is really if you like

	00:32:08[365]
	a got revulsion at this lesson from some
	leaders in Europe is that the whole notion

	00:32:14[366]
	of NATO is solidarity and cohesion and
	that is that solidarity and cohesion

	00:32:21[367]
	that makes NATO so powerful that makes
	it get down and get ready and is able

	00:32:28[368]
	to do the 3 tough that it has to do which
	is collective defense of its $29.00

	00:32:34[369]
	member crisis management and a
	career. Part of security in

	00:32:38[370]
	a world that is changing all the time if
	Donald Trump on the money and all that

	00:32:44[371]
	then that really does undermine NATO his
	ability to defend itself and its members

	00:32:49[372]
	does he have any legitimate point when it
	comes to members paying their fair share

	00:32:55[373]
	because former defense secretary under
	President Obama and President Bush Robert

	00:33:00[374]
	Gates did warn in 2011 that the U.S.

	00:33:03[375]
	Could lose interest in NATO its allies
	didn't increase their investment into their

	00:33:06[376]
	militaries and do this whole idea that
	some European nations are really putting

	00:33:12[377]
	enough money into them military this is not
	new and that really the whole idea was

	00:33:18[378]
	that line 2020 for each NATO member country
	would spend at least 2 percent of its

	00:33:25[379]
	economic output on strengthening its to
	Terence strengthening its military now

	00:33:30[380]
	we're already looking at quite

	00:33:33[381]
	a few countries it's now 18 NATO countries
	spending that much and there is more

	00:33:39[382]
	being spent by the Allies as

	00:33:42[383]
	a whole on military spending it's gone up
	in the last year by more than 5 percent

	00:33:47[384]
	So yes on the one hand there is

	00:33:49[385]
	a case to be said that some countries am
	pulling their weight I don't know the hand

	00:33:53[386]
	small countries are pulling their weight
	and some countries saying for example it's

	00:33:58[387]
	difficult for us to take for example it's
	money which isn't spending that for 2

	00:34:02[388]
	percent but is really has American bases
	on its territory also these countries that

	00:34:08[389]
	taking part in operations outside NATO
	season which doesn't come under that new

	00:34:13[390]
	NATO defense so you've gone some countries
	that are members of NATO that have got

	00:34:17[391]
	military operations in Africa particularly
	in the SA held some that have got

	00:34:22[392]
	military operations in Libya
	some in Syria and Iraq so

	00:34:26[393]
	a lot of the saying well yes is it's not
	quite that simple as saying 2 percent of

	00:34:32[394]
	G.D.P. Has to go on
	military spending there's

	00:34:35[395]
	a lot more you have to add into the mix.
	How do you expect these leaders to respond

	00:34:41[396]
	when they see the president at the summit
	in lots of ways Europe has already

	00:34:46[397]
	responded last week we had the summit of
	the 28 European Union leaders and they

	00:34:53[398]
	had

	00:34:53[399]
	a sit down discussion on what to do about
	security and defense and they invited the

	00:34:58[400]
	head of NATO to come to
	this and they put out

	00:35:00[401]
	a statement afterwards saying Europe must
	take greater responsibility for its own

	00:35:05[402]
	security and then depend its role as

	00:35:08[403]
	a credible and reliable actor when it
	comes to security and defense so in a way

	00:35:13[404]
	a lot of the European nations in NATO
	have already come to this conclusion that

	00:35:18[405]
	they've got for

	00:35:19[406]
	a line more on themselves they've got to
	look within Europe and not constantly be

	00:35:24[407]
	looking for America to provide the support
	that it did give to Europe after the 2nd

	00:35:30[408]
	World War and during the Cold War How
	concerned are European leaders about the

	00:35:34[409]
	upcoming summit President Trump is expected
	to have with Russian President Vladimir

	00:35:40[410]
	Putin there is real concern about this
	summit the whole idea of this particular

	00:35:45[411]
	NATO summit was to focus on

	00:35:47[412]
	a new threat to the NATO alliance that in
	the old days there was always this threat

	00:35:52[413]
	was Russian military expenses and now the
	alliance has to look at aspects such as

	00:35:58[414]
	terrorism cyber crime they want to strengthen
	the transatlantic bond NATO members

	00:36:04[415]
	are really concerned that just at the time
	when they should be dealing with this

	00:36:07[416]
	they feel that President Trump could be
	going either behind their back or quite

	00:36:12[417]
	openly and undermining that by having

	00:36:15[418]
	a closer relationship with the Russian
	president than what they would expect

	00:36:20[419]
	a fellow NATO member to have and specifically
	when it comes to sanctions which are

	00:36:25[420]
	still in place against Russia because of
	the annexation of Crimea and because of

	00:36:31[421]
	Russian military aggression in eastern
	Ukraine all right Paris based reporter

	00:36:36[422]
	Catherine feel. Thank you
	as always. There are

	00:36:42[423]
	some of the stories we
	are following it V.O.A.

	00:36:45[424]
	News dot com Iran and world powers
	plan nuclear deal meeting as the U.S.

	00:36:50[425]
	Readies for sanctions

	00:36:52[426]
	a Senate panel agrees Russia tried to
	help Trump in the 2016 election Americans

	00:36:57[427]
	celebrate Independence Day with fireworks
	and cookouts and trials in Senegal

	00:37:03[428]
	exposed possible terrorist sleeper cells
	find expanded coverage of these stories

	00:37:08[429]
	and more ad V.O.A. News
	dot com and on our V.O.A.

	00:37:12[430]
	Mobile app this is international edition.

	00:37:24[431]
	In Chiang Rai Thailand fresh
	video shows members of

	00:37:27[432]
	a trap football team laughing as they speak
	into the cameras to say they're doing

	00:37:32[433]
	well and in good health the 12 boys ages
	11 to 16 and their coach are now receiving

	00:37:38[434]
	high protein liquid food after being found
	late Monday on an elevated rock inside

	00:37:45[435]
	the TAM long cave complex in northern
	Thailand after disappearing on June 23rd

	00:37:51[436]
	They've been trapped by heavy monsoon rains
	and their safe extraction could take

	00:37:56[437]
	time more rain is also in the forecast
	British cave rescue expert Gary Mitchell

	00:38:02[438]
	says that rescuers are facing many serious
	challenges in getting the boys and their

	00:38:07[439]
	coach out of the flooded cave.
	We have to be. A serious

	00:38:13[440]
	undertaking. The young lads in the
	Coach Shell around about 2 kilometers

	00:38:18[441]
	underground and around about

	00:38:19[442]
	a. Completely flooded submerged passages
	not all in one long lament to stretch but

	00:38:26[443]
	. Along the way confined spaces
	it's almost 0 visibility.

	00:38:33[444]
	Currents to battle against. Really quite

	00:38:38[445]
	a strenuous environment. We're led to
	believe. In and Out where the young.

	00:38:46[446]
	It's a round about a 3 hour and
	a significant exercise Well

	00:38:51[447]
	a group was discovered by

	00:38:53[448]
	a pair of British doctors with the British
	save Rescue Council and more mirrors is

	00:38:58[449]
	the national coordinator for the US based
	National cave rescue commission who's

	00:39:03[450]
	been monitoring this unfolding drama he
	tells Vic The always Victor Beatty the safe

	00:39:07[451]
	rescue of the 13 will be

	00:39:09[452]
	a very complicated process with no guarantee
	of success you can't just swim in

	00:39:15[453]
	especially up against

	00:39:16[454]
	a current and through very tight locations
	there's really no technology that exists

	00:39:22[455]
	to be able to say oh hey there they're
	right here in the caves so you don't know

	00:39:25[456]
	where they are there's extensive amounts
	of caves to search in order to find them

	00:39:30[457]
	and of course

	00:39:30[458]
	a significant portion of that is flooded
	again it's very complex operation and of

	00:39:35[459]
	course they were also simultaneously looking
	out on the surface for other ways in

	00:39:39[460]
	potentially into the cave all the while
	they're fighting the weather while doing

	00:39:44[461]
	that if you're diving in a
	cave and you're going say

	00:39:48[462]
	a few 100 feet to special swimming
	up against a current you might use

	00:39:52[463]
	a significant portion of your air in which
	case in order to get the next few 100

	00:39:55[464]
	feet you've got

	00:39:56[465]
	a stage more air tanks in there and the
	farther you go in having do that the harder

	00:40:00[466]
	it is because suddenly you're now having
	to stage you know dozens of tanks just to

	00:40:05[467]
	go to the next point how did they
	get in this position they went into

	00:40:09[468]
	a cave that is known to flood thinking that
	they were safe doing so because it was

	00:40:13[469]
	before the monsoon season which started the
	beginning of July but Mother Nature had

	00:40:18[470]
	other ideas and of course
	something like this takes

	00:40:20[471]
	a cave expert I mean how long does it
	take for people to train for this kind of

	00:40:26[472]
	effort to specifically in
	cave rescue the N.C.R.

	00:40:29[473]
	Say the National Care rescue commission
	in the United States has 4 primary levels

	00:40:35[474]
	of cave rescue training in the air each
	week long and when I say week they're

	00:40:39[475]
	actually 8 days starting at 6 o'clock in
	the morning going until approximately 10

	00:40:43[476]
	o'clock at night 2 British divers in. An
	organization like yours called the British

	00:40:48[477]
	cave rescue Council were the 1st to reach
	them do we have any idea how long it will

	00:40:53[478]
	take for them to be extracted from this
	cave complex Well that also depends

	00:40:58[479]
	entirely upon

	00:40:59[480]
	a number of factors that may be out of their
	control the primary factor is are they

	00:41:04[481]
	in

	00:41:04[482]
	a location in the cave that is safe from
	continued rising water if the rains that are

	00:41:09[483]
	coming exceed the capability of the rescuers
	ability to pump water out of the cave

	00:41:13[484]
	or divert water from going into the
	cave then they may have to use diving

	00:41:17[485]
	techniques to extract them which is
	incredibly dangerous if they are safe where

	00:41:22[486]
	they are from further rising water than
	the local officials may decide to try to

	00:41:27[487]
	bring in food and supplies and shelter in
	place until such time that either another

	00:41:32[488]
	entrance can be found or made or the weather
	relents long enough for them to pump

	00:41:37[489]
	the water down but considering that they're
	at the beginning of the monsoon season

	00:41:40[490]
	which basically means back to back rain
	storms the cape could potentially be

	00:41:46[491]
	flooded until November efforts
	are underway to establish

	00:41:50[492]
	a communications link install lights on

	00:41:53[493]
	a power supply Mirrors
	A says while there is

	00:41:55[494]
	a good chance they'll be rescued It's
	not 100 percent certainty for others

	00:42:01[495]
	contemplating such an adventure his advice
	is understand the head of time all the

	00:42:05[496]
	cave is being explored reacts to rain and
	know what the 4 are forecast to be for

	00:42:10[497]
	going in Jenny Gonzalez of Guatemala
	crossed the border into the United States

	00:42:16[498]
	illegally and was separated from her children
	the away has been following her quest

	00:42:20[499]
	to overcome legal barriers and get her kids
	back from distant detention centers as

	00:42:26[500]
	the always seal human dozer reports from
	Arizona this is one case among the 2000

	00:42:32[501]
	children of illegal migrants separated
	from their families. After 43

	00:42:38[502]
	days in the custody of U.S.

	00:42:40[503]
	Immigration authorities Jenny Gonzalez was
	released on bail she had been separated

	00:42:46[504]
	from her 3 children on the southern border
	of the United States when they tried to

	00:42:51[505]
	enter the country without legal documents
	she spoke with the Voice of America when

	00:42:56[506]
	she left the migrant detention center in
	Illinois Ariz So now I am going to I'm

	00:43:01[507]
	going to look for my children it has been
	very difficult very hard for me I felt

	00:43:06[508]
	that my heart broke into

	00:43:07[509]
	a 1000 pieces they snatch my children
	from my arms for FY weeks Sally as was

	00:43:14[510]
	detained in this immigration center 3800
	kilometers from New York where her 3

	00:43:20[511]
	children were ascends sallies was a
	strong. I asked them to please give me

	00:43:27[512]
	a call and they said no there were no calls
	and I told them please I want to know

	00:43:32[513]
	for my children that I already have days
	of not knowing about them and he said Do

	00:43:37[514]
	you know something you will be deported
	to Guatemala and your children he told me

	00:43:41[515]
	will remain in the hands of
	this government in a V.O.A.

	00:43:45[516]
	Interview Jenny says she was unaware of
	this 0 tolerance policy that separate her

	00:43:51[517]
	from her children she says if she had
	known she would never had brought her

	00:43:56[518]
	children this way they are now in
	New York under the care of the U.S.

	00:44:00[519]
	Center donations made it possible for
	Gonzales to be released on bail fiance where

	00:44:06[520]
	you are this paid by some families mothers
	who are in New York City and thank God

	00:44:11[521]
	they sent me by text message confirmation
	it was that the bill of 7500 dollars was

	00:44:17[522]
	paid to go sell his departure coincide
	with the 1st lady Melania this it to

	00:44:22[523]
	migration processing center in Tucson Ariz
	So now Trump is closely following the

	00:44:28[524]
	situation of this undocumented families and
	the work of the authorities I'm here to

	00:44:34[525]
	support you and. Give my house whatever
	I can for behalf of children and the

	00:44:41[526]
	families the Trump administration says it
	will reify families according to the head

	00:44:47[527]
	of the parliament of Health and Human
	Services Alex they would be unified with

	00:44:53[528]
	their parents or other relatives under
	our policies so of course if the parent

	00:44:57[529]
	remains in detention unfortunately under
	rules that are step by Congress and the

	00:45:03[530]
	courts they can't be reunified while
	they're in detention go Salafism looking

	00:45:08[531]
	forward to hugging her kids
	very soon Sileo in those V.O.A.

	00:45:13[532]
	News Illo. You're listening to
	international edition on V.O.A.

	00:45:21[533]
	Earth Wind and Fire front man Philip Bailey
	is bringing his iconic brand of funk to

	00:45:25[534]
	border crossing Join host Larry London
	for an exclusive conversation the 7 time

	00:45:31[535]
	Grammy winner and Rock and Roll Hall of
	Fame inductee with nearly 5 decades in the

	00:45:35[536]
	music business plus his 1st new album in
	8 years this music legend has plenty to

	00:45:41[537]
	catch us up on Don't miss this very special
	edition of border crossings with Philip

	00:45:46[538]
	Bailey on July 4th at 1500
	universal only on video and

	00:45:50[539]
	a. Sporty greetings to all
	Marvie only listeners this is

	00:45:57[540]
	some young host of the
	sunny side of sports. Oh.

	00:46:07[541]
	Please join me at 16301830 pct Monday
	through Friday for special World Cup both

	00:46:14[542]
	states during the month long football
	festival in Russia. Right here on the

	00:46:20[543]
	boys of America.

	00:46:29[544]
	The always international
	edition continues the U.S.

	00:46:32[545]
	Food and Drug Administration has just
	approved the 1st cannabis based medication to

	00:46:37[546]
	treat epilepsy in children epa dialects has
	been shown to reduce seizures and some

	00:46:43[547]
	children with severe forms of epilepsy
	Joining us now is Dr Laura lovers chief

	00:46:48[548]
	scientific officer of Citizens
	United for Research and up

	00:46:51[549]
	a Law Thank you for being with us tell us
	about the struggle and what it does. So

	00:46:57[550]
	this drug is based on an extract from the
	canvas plant and it is an extract that is

	00:47:03[551]
	highly and almost exclusively
	or rich in C.B.D.

	00:47:07[552]
	Can never die all now the dial is is not
	psychoactive So it does not cause any of

	00:47:13[553]
	the pie that people experience with
	marijuana but it has been shown many times

	00:47:18[554]
	actually to help control seizures this is
	really an important step for the epilepsy

	00:47:24[555]
	community because the epilepsy community
	has long used various oils that contain

	00:47:28[556]
	C.B.D. But many of these
	oils are not produced in

	00:47:31[557]
	a consistent way have
	varying amounts of C.B.D.

	00:47:34[558]
	And have not been studied
	so this is the 1st C.B.D.

	00:47:39[559]
	Based drug that has gone through clinical
	testing has been shown to be efficacious

	00:47:43[560]
	in

	00:47:43[561]
	a sub population of individuals with epilepsy
	and where the safety risks are also understood

	00:47:49[562]
	what do you think this means for the
	future of using cannabis for actual

	00:47:54[563]
	prescription medicines Well I think what
	this does is it provides people with

	00:47:59[564]
	a safe option

	00:48:00[565]
	a known safe option or targeting the same
	pathway so it does provide people with

	00:48:06[566]
	that assurance an opportunity to actually
	work with their doctors to try to

	00:48:10[567]
	establish better seizure control people
	may continue to use medical marijuana or

	00:48:15[568]
	C.B.D.

	00:48:15[569]
	Extracts they just don't have the same level
	of possibly confidence in that product

	00:48:20[570]
	what this also means importantly is that
	it will probably open up the opportunity

	00:48:25[571]
	for more research on C.B.D.

	00:48:28[572]
	And other cannabis based compounds to
	allow study in epilepsy as well as other

	00:48:33[573]
	diseases it's been very difficult to study
	the compounds of the molecules that come

	00:48:38[574]
	out of the cannabis plant because
	that they've been considered

	00:48:41[575]
	a schedule one set of compounds which means
	that they are not approved for medical

	00:48:46[576]
	purpose and they and there's a known
	safety risk so now that C.B.D.

	00:48:50[577]
	To epa dialect has been approved
	that establishes that there is

	00:48:54[578]
	a medical use and should open up. The
	opportunity for even more research now is

	00:48:58[579]
	C.B.D.

	00:48:59[580]
	Or oil already sold in the US Maybe the oils
	are sold in the US and they are available

	00:49:05[581]
	through medical dispensary as well as online
	sources but you often don't know what

	00:49:09[582]
	the source of those products are and again
	they can be made in different ways they

	00:49:15[583]
	have different levels of C.B.D.

	00:49:17[584]
	So to go from batch to batch or supplier
	to supplier can mean that you get

	00:49:21[585]
	a different product each time and that
	can be very challenging to use if you're

	00:49:25[586]
	trying to control something as difficult
	as epilepsy do you see C.B.D.

	00:49:29[587]
	Oil at some point being something that
	can actually be prescribed in more

	00:49:34[588]
	mainstream situations people
	are free to take C.B.D.

	00:49:37[589]
	Oils as long as they in some states have
	a card to do so it's not prescribed by

	00:49:42[590]
	a medical professional medical professional
	has to sign off but it's not truly

	00:49:45[591]
	a prescription so I see that people will
	continue to have the opportunity to use

	00:49:51[592]
	C.B.D.

	00:49:51[593]
	Oil but again without that assurance that
	they have been demonstrated to reduce

	00:49:56[594]
	your frequency and without the assurance
	of around what the safety profile looks

	00:50:01[595]
	like and the C.B.D.

	00:50:02[596]
	Oil can have how big of

	00:50:05[597]
	a deal is it that this new drug is available
	for people who are diagnosed with

	00:50:10[598]
	epilepsy it's a very big deal it's

	00:50:12[599]
	a very important event for the epilepsy
	community because it has been studied we do

	00:50:17[600]
	know its safety profile it was shown to
	reduce seizure frequency in some of the

	00:50:21[601]
	most difficult forms of epilepsy pacifically
	clinics gusto syndrome epilepsy and

	00:50:27[602]
	appeal of sleep that's associated
	with another syndrome called of

	00:50:30[603]
	a syndrome to date there's been no
	treatment for the physically for drove

	00:50:35[604]
	a syndrome so this is

	00:50:36[605]
	a big win for the day community as well
	that's Dr Laura Lubbers chief scientific

	00:50:41[606]
	officer of Citizens United for Research in
	Epilepsy it was 50 years ago the saw fi

	00:50:47[607]
	epic 2001 A Space Odyssey
	by author Arthur C.

	00:50:50[608]
	Clarke and filmmaker Stanley Kubrick
	opened in theaters across America to mix

	00:50:55[609]
	tribute. They almost 3 hour long film
	was too cerebral and slow moving to be

	00:51:00[610]
	appreciated by general
	audiences back in 1968 today

	00:51:05[611]
	a half century later the movie is one of
	the American Film Institute's top $100.00

	00:51:09[612]
	films of all time the always Penelope Poole
	who explore space odyssey is power and

	00:51:16[613]
	its relevance 50 years since
	its creation. The musical

	00:51:23[614]
	beyond Strauss's Blue Danube Waltz
	is instead complete this slow moving

	00:51:30[615]
	images of us and other world Spector
	who watched on huge Cinerama screens

	00:51:37[616]
	in 1968. Many describe the visual

	00:51:43[617]
	effects of the film as hypnotic enhancing
	the message of 2001 he Space Odyssey that

	00:51:50[618]
	humanity's intellectual advancement
	was aided by alien intelligence.

	00:51:58[619]
	Kubrick steered clear of images of
	stereotypical aliens instead to the alien

	00:52:03[620]
	presence appears suddenly through

	00:52:05[621]
	a looming black monolith transmitting signals
	that teach apelike anthropoids how to

	00:52:11[622]
	use tools for hunting survival was.

	00:52:20[623]
	Millions of years later in Kubrick's
	imagined high tech world of 2001 the aliens

	00:52:25[624]
	make contact again through the monolith
	this time the slick rectangle prods human

	00:52:31[625]
	stories an exploration voyage to Jupiter
	and they get to Jupiter and that's where

	00:52:36[626]
	the transformation takes place Douglas
	Trumbull was the photographic effects

	00:52:40[627]
	supervisor on the 2001 set during the
	film's voyeur production he helped Kubrick

	00:52:47[628]
	come up with new filming techniques showing
	Dave Bowman the only surviving Oster

	00:52:52[629]
	not on spacecraft discovery one
	making contact with a. Through

	00:52:56[630]
	a stargate and eventually evolving into

	00:52:59[631]
	a noncorporeal entity and it was this idea
	that you could take photography and open

	00:53:06[632]
	the camera shutter for

	00:53:07[633]
	a long period of time several seconds and
	move lights and blink them on and off in

	00:53:13[634]
	patterns and create 3 dimensional light
	streams for the Stargate Trumbull compares

	00:53:19[635]
	Kubrick's technical innovation of using
	rotating weightless sets and filming in

	00:53:24[636]
	$360.00 degrees to 2 days only mercy
	of virtual reality filmmaking

	00:53:29[637]
	a lot of people want to have their virtual
	reality thing they want to go into

	00:53:33[638]
	another dimension they want to have some
	experience that transcends their everyday

	00:53:37[639]
	reality that's what I think virtual reality
	promises equally significant to the

	00:53:42[640]
	films that knowledge is the
	plot involving the UN tug on

	00:53:45[641]
	a stick relationship between man and
	artificial intelligence how the ship small

	00:53:52[642]
	functioning central computer and Boman
	clash over the ship's control open the pot

	00:53:58[643]
	big doors. I'm sorry day
	I'm afraid I can't do that

	00:54:05[644]
	Bowman wins in makes contact with the
	aliens the last scene takes place in

	00:54:10[645]
	a hotel room the aliens recreate from
	his memory there on the bed Bowman

	00:54:16[646]
	a very old man is dying before
	he gets transformed into

	00:54:20[647]
	a transparent Starchild to celebrate the
	film's 50th anniversary artist Simon Birch

	00:54:27[648]
	recreated that hotel room scene at the
	Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C.

	00:54:32[649]
	Exhibit curator Martin Collins explains
	the lasting power of the film the movie

	00:54:37[650]
	2001 you know did not seek to pose specific
	answers to its largest questions right

	00:54:44[651]
	what would be the fruits of space
	exploration what would be the potential of

	00:54:49[652]
	contact with extra terrestrials you know
	what would be the possible transformations

	00:54:56[653]
	that might occur to humanity and takes
	exploration outside of the planet so

	00:55:03[654]
	all of these these larger questions are
	kind of implied here in this room and I

	00:55:08[655]
	think we hope that visitors who
	hold in a kind of step back

	00:55:11[656]
	a little bit think about why this room is
	here and think about that sort of larger

	00:55:15[657]
	set of questions that Cooper could Clark
	posed in. The novel before New Zealand

	00:55:21[658]
	News Washington.

	00:55:41[659]
	You've been listening to international
	edition that doesn't for today's show but

	00:55:46[660]
	you can find us any time V.O.A.

	00:55:48[661]
	News dot com Thanks so much for tuning in
	and thanks to our director Tracy Carter

	00:55:53[662]
	and our engineer Greg Barns I'm Laurie
	London in Washington. Have yourself

	00:55:59[663]
	a wonderful day.

	00:56:14[664]
	The Up next an editorial reflecting
	American ideals and institutions

	00:56:20[665]
	today the United States of America
	celebrates its birthday it is

	00:56:25[666]
	a commemoration of the day in 776 when
	representatives of the 13 British colonies

	00:56:31[667]
	signed the Declaration of Independence is
	separation from Great Britain there were

	00:56:37[668]
	many complex reasons for the split the
	declarations principal author Thomas

	00:56:42[669]
	Jefferson call them

	00:56:43[670]
	a long train of abuses and usurpations
	but it all boiled down to

	00:56:48[671]
	a few salient points much of it had to
	do with what the colonists perceived as

	00:56:53[672]
	abuses by the British government that
	went back many years so for example the

	00:56:58[673]
	colonists greatly resented British laws
	that forbade any movement or settlement

	00:57:03[674]
	west of the Alleghany Mountains and the
	imposition of taxes that were meant to

	00:57:07[675]
	replenish the British Treasury depleted
	by years of fighting and most of all they

	00:57:13[676]
	were angry that they had no say in the
	hundreds of laws that were passed by the

	00:57:17[677]
	government in distant London indeed in the
	run up to the Revolutionary War the oft

	00:57:23[678]
	repeated phrase taxation without
	representation is tyranny well summarize the

	00:57:28[679]
	colonists grievances. In writing the
	Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson

	00:57:34[680]
	proposed that by the authority of the
	people an independent United States would

	00:57:39[681]
	become

	00:57:40[682]
	a nation on an equal footing with European
	nations that govern themselves formed

	00:57:45[683]
	alliances with foreign nations and engage
	freely in commerce and then Jefferson

	00:57:51[684]
	went

	00:57:51[685]
	a step further and declared that all men
	are created equal and as such enjoyed

	00:57:56[686]
	a number of an alien of all rights
	including life liberty and the pursuit of

	00:58:02[687]
	happiness Thomas Jefferson
	stated that it is the job of

	00:58:06[688]
	a government to ensure these rights and
	therefore it is important that the

	00:58:10[689]
	government derives its powers from the
	consent of the governed this passage is

	00:58:15[690]
	a response to the colonists anger over
	taxation without representation and

	00:58:20[691]
	a direct challenge to the British government
	today we celebrate the signing of the

	00:58:24[692]
	Declaration of Independence and the
	principles it defines the day marks the

	00:58:29[693]
	beginning of the Revolutionary War A 7
	year conflict that ended with the birth of

	00:58:34[694]
	the United States of
	America and the promise of

	00:58:37[695]
	a new era of freedom in the words of Thomas
	Jefferson the Equal Rights of Man and

	00:58:43[696]
	the happiness of every individual are now
	acknowledged to be the only legitimate

	00:58:48[697]
	objects of government. That was an
	editorial reflecting American ideals and

	00:58:55[698]
	institutions.

	00:59:02[699]
	To us.

	00:59:10[700]
	From Washington this is he always knew.

	00:59:18[701]
	I'm Victor BT reporting former Malaysian
	prime minister dodgy abroad Zach appeared

	00:59:23[702]
	in court Wednesday facing corruption charges
	just 2 months after being ousted in an

	00:59:28[703]
	election he is the 1st former
	leader to appear before

	00:59:31[704]
	a judge after being arrested the day
	before to answer for the disappearance of

	00:59:36[705]
	billions in state funds
	Laotian a Panacur is

	00:59:39[706]
	a Malaysian university student by the
	latest suits the opposition that thought it

	00:59:44[707]
	might be easy if not the country's state
	news agency said Mr Najib could face more

	00:59:49[708]
	than 10 counts of committing criminal
	breach of trust linked to an energy company

	00:59:54[709]
	that was a subsidiary of the one M.T.B.F.

	00:59:57[710]
	State owned investment fund he founded
	in Kuala Lumpur University of New South

	01:00:01[711]
	Wales Professor Emeritus Clive Kessler said
	in an ironic twist Mr Najib is now the

	01:00:06[712]
	one incarcerated while longtime political
	rival long were able he was free and

	01:00:10[713]
	vying for the top jobs a month ago
	he was prime minister and there was

	01:00:15[714]
	a man in jail it was one of the big problem
	minister now everything's turned around

	01:00:20[715]
	and he's not.

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	684. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3471 (link)
	685. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3471 (link)
	686. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3476 (link)
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	691. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3500 (link)
	692. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3504 (link)
	693. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3509 (link)
	694. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3514 (link)
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	698. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3535 (link)
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	713. /details/VOA_Africa_20180704_030000?start=3610 (link)
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	Date Published: 2018-07-04 04:19:35
	Identifier: VOA_Africa_20180704_030000
	Item Size: 94276001
	Language: eng
	Media Type: audio

	# Topics
	Radio Program

	# Collections
	Radio-VOA-Africa
	stream_only
	radio
	radioprograms

	# Uploaded by
	@arkiver2

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