Frankenstein - The Modern Prometheus | |
by: | |
Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin Shelley | |
Percy Bysshe Shelley | |
William Godwin | |
Richard Brinsley Peake | |
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Complete & Unabridged (1816-31) | |
CAPTAIN ROBERT WALTON | |
Letters from Robert Walton in St. | |
Petersburg, Russia to his sister Mrs. Saville in England: | |
Walton is on an expedition to | |
look for a passage through the Arctic Ocean to the North | |
Pacific Ocean via the | |
seas of the North Pole. Knowing the harsh climate and the | |
dangers involved with | |
making such a passage, he feels confident that a crew and | |
ship will be found to | |
make the trip, even after six long years of his own | |
preparations. Walton | |
recounts how he will not sail until June of the next year | |
on his expedition, | |
when the polar ices have thawed somewhat. Soon, he will | |
travel to Archangel | |
(now Ankhangelsk), Russia to finalise his plans and hire | |
a ship. He tells his | |
sister that if he succeeds he will not return in months | |
or years. If he fails, | |
he will be home sooner or never. It was Walton's father | |
who had told his uncle | |
that Robert should not become a career seaman. Robert | |
does so anyway after | |
failing as a poet and inheriting a substantial sum of | |
money from a deceased cousin. | |
He relays to his sister that he has felt a sense of | |
sadness at his own | |
ignorance, and he wants to improve himself and expand his | |
knowledge. Now that | |
he has reached Archangel in March, Robert Walton finds | |
himself lonesome. He | |
works steadily to ready a ship and crew but yearns for | |
someone like himself to | |
pass the time. Writing letters to his sister eases the | |
loneliness somewhat, but | |
he desires friendship. He tries to dismiss thoughts of | |
failure and will perhaps | |
return home via a different route, a changed man. The | |
captain and lieutenant | |
are possible choices for Robert's companions, but neither | |
seems to fulfill that | |
role for him. Now well into his voyage, on July 7 Robert | |
Walton writes to his | |
sister. A ship, namely a merchantman, returning to | |
Archangel and then England | |
will deliver the letter. Walton's ship now passes through | |
ice fields and warmer | |
than expected weather. He tells of normal ship operations | |
in the Arctic Sea but | |
of no incidents that are of significance. He tells his | |
sister goodbye and tells | |
of how he will succeed. The ship stalls between huge | |
sheets of ice, and Walton | |
and his men spot a sledge guided by a gigantic creature | |
about half a mile away. | |
The next morning, they encounter another sledge stranded | |
on an ice floe. All | |
but one of the dogs drawing the sledge is dead, and the | |
man on the sledge not | |
the man seen the night before is emaciated, weak, and | |
starving. Despite his | |
condition, the man refuses to board the ship until Walton | |
tells him that it is | |
heading north. The stranger spends two days recovering, | |
nursed by the crew, | |
before he can speak. The crew is burning with curiosity, | |
but Walton, aware of | |
the man s still-fragile state, prevents his men from | |
burdening the stranger | |
with questions. As time passes, Walton and the stranger | |
become friends, and the | |
stranger eventually consents to tell Walton his story. At | |
the end, Walton | |
states that the visitor will commence his narrative the | |
next day; Walton s | |
framing narrative ends and the stranger s begins. | |
VICTOR FRANKENSTEIN | |
01-10 | |
Victor Frankenstein begins his | |
story just slightly before his birth. His father, | |
although as of yet unnamed, | |
is Alphonse Frankenstein, who was involved heavily in the | |
affairs of his | |
country and thus delayed marriage until late in life. | |
Alphonse quits public | |
life to become a father and husband. Victor's father and | |
Mr. Beaufort, his | |
mother Caroline's father, had a congenial relationship. | |
Mr. Beaufort and his | |
daughter move from Geneva to Lucerne, Switzerland to seek | |
refuge from poverty | |
and a damaged reputation. Alphonse sets out to aid his | |
lost friend to begin the world again through his credit | |
and | |
assistance. While in Lucerne, Beaufort had saved a small | |
amount of money | |
and had recovered his reputation somewhat, but he became | |
ill and within a few | |
months had died. When Alphonse finds the Beaufort home, | |
he discovers an | |
impoverished Caroline grieving at her father's coffin. | |
Alphonse gives his | |
friend a decent burial and sends Caroline to his family | |
in Geneva to recover. | |
During a two-year period, Alphonse visits Caroline and | |
they eventually became | |
husband and wife. Seeking a better climate, the couple | |
moves to Italy for a | |
short period. During this time, Victor was born and | |
lavished with attention. He | |
was their only child for five years until Caroline comes | |
across an impoverished | |
family in need of help. She falls for a beautiful little | |
girl who is Victor's | |
age and asks the family if she could adopt her. The | |
little girl, Elizabeth, | |
becomes Victor's adopted cousin and playmate. Around the | |
age of seven, Victor's | |
younger brother is born. Up to this point, he and | |
Elizabeth have been the | |
primary receivers of their parents' love. Their parents | |
decide to settle down | |
in Geneva to concentrate on raising their family. Victor | |
introduces his | |
life-long friend Henry Clerval, a creative child who | |
studies literature and | |
folklore. At the age of 13, Victor discovers the works of | |
Cornelius Agrippa, | |
Paracelsus, and Albertus Magnus, all alchemists from an | |
earlier age. His | |
voracious appetite for knowledge thus begins, and | |
eventually leads him to study | |
science and alchemy. At age 15, Victor witnesses an | |
electrical storm that peaks | |
his interest in electricity and possible applications for | |
its use. When Victor | |
is now 17 years old and ready to become a student at the | |
University of | |
Ingolstadt in Ingolstadt, Germany (near Munich), but an | |
outbreak of scarlet | |
fever at home delays his departure. His mother and | |
"cousin" both | |
fight the disease; Caroline Beaufort Frankenstein dies, | |
and Elizabeth recovers. | |
Before Caroline dies, she reveals her unrealised plans | |
for the marriage of | |
Victor and Elizabeth by saying, "my firmest hopes of the | |
future happiness | |
were placed on the prospect of your union." Elizabeth | |
becomes the family | |
caretaker upon Caroline's death. Victor finds it hard to | |
say goodbye to his | |
family and dear friend, but he sets out for Ingolstadt to | |
begin his studies in | |
science. Victor meets his mentors, Professor M. Krempe | |
and Professor M. | |
Waldman, at the university. He does not like Krempe but | |
he does find Waldman a | |
much more conducive and congenial teacher. Victor throws | |
himself into his | |
schoolwork, reading all he can about the sciences, | |
particularly chemistry. | |
Gaining a reputation as a scientist and innovator among | |
the professors and | |
fellow students alike. Believing his tenure at Ingolstadt | |
was nearing an end, | |
Victor thinks of returning home to Geneva. However, he | |
launches into a new | |
venue of scientific experimentation creating life from | |
death and reanimating | |
a dead body. Visiting morgues and cemeteries for the | |
necessary body parts, | |
Victor fails several times before successfully bringing | |
his creation to life. | |
His work does take its toll on him, affecting his health | |
and powers of | |
judgment. This gruesome work carries on through the | |
spring, summer, and fall of | |
that year. Victor lives for his work and throws himself | |
into his pursuit so | |
much that he shuts off all contact with the outside | |
world. In the second summer | |
Victor loses touch with his family. Letters from home go | |
unanswered for long | |
periods of time, and he delays sending a message home as | |
to his health or well-being. | |
One stormy night, after months of labour, Victor | |
completes his creation. But | |
when he brings it to life, its awful appearance horrifies | |
him. He rushes to the | |
next room and tries to sleep, but he is troubled by | |
nightmares about Elizabeth | |
and his mother s corpse. He wakes to discover the monster | |
looming over his bed | |
with a grotesque smile and rushes out of the house. He | |
spends the night pacing | |
in his courtyard. The next morning, he goes walking in | |
the town of Ingolstadt, | |
frantically avoiding a return to his now-haunted | |
apartment. As he walks by the | |
town inn, Victor comes across his friend Henry Clerval, | |
who has just arrived to | |
begin studying at the university. Delighted to see Henry | |
a breath of fresh air | |
and a reminder of his family after so many months of | |
isolation and ill | |
health he brings him back to his apartment. Victor enters | |
first and is relieved | |
to find no sign of the monster. But, weakened by months | |
of work and shock at | |
the horrific being he has created, he immediately falls | |
ill with a nervous | |
fever that lasts several months. Henry nurses him back to | |
health and, when | |
Victor has recovered, gives him a letter from Elizabeth | |
that had arrived during | |
his illness. Elizabeth's letter is the kind one would | |
expect from a concerned | |
family member. It is full of news from home that delights | |
Victor and restores | |
him to better health. Elizabeth tells of Justine Moritz, | |
the Frankenstein's | |
housekeeper and confidant. Even though Justine was | |
treated poorly by her own | |
family, she is a martyr for being a good, loyal friend to | |
the Frankenstein | |
family. Victor introduces Henry to his professors, who | |
praise Victor highly. | |
Victor and Henry begin their studies together, studying | |
ancient and foreign | |
languages in order to engage their minds. Both men are | |
happy to be hard-working | |
college students. Plans are made for Victor to return to | |
Geneva in the fall, | |
after his spring recovery, but weather and other delays | |
make the trip | |
impossible, and winter sets in. He revises his plans to | |
depart in May. Victor | |
receives a letter from his father telling him to return | |
home immediately. | |
William, the youngest in the family, has been murdered by | |
strangulation. The | |
family were out on an evening stroll near their home when | |
the young boy ran | |
ahead of the group. He was later found "stretched on the | |
grass livid and | |
motionless; the print of the murder's finger was on his | |
neck." Missing was | |
a locket that Elizabeth had given William of their | |
mother. When Victor arrives | |
at the city gates, they are closed, so he must remain | |
outside the city in | |
Secheron until the gates are reopened at dawn. It is at | |
this time that he | |
realises that he had been gone six years from home and | |
that two years have | |
passed since the creation of his monster. While near | |
Secheron, on Mont Blanc, | |
Victor catches a glimpse of the monster between flashes | |
of lightning. Having a | |
nagging feeling that the murder of his little brother | |
could be the handiwork of | |
his monster, Victor questions of he could be the murderer | |
of his brother and shudders. | |
The monster disappears when he realises that he has been | |
seen by his creator. | |
Now fully believing that his creation murdered William, | |
Victor knows that he | |
cannot reveal the source of the crime without some | |
serious inquiry about his | |
creation. Thus, Victor is torn between revealing the | |
monster and risking | |
inquisition on his past or letting the criminal justice | |
system free the | |
accused. Finally at home, Victor engages in a | |
conversation with his family. He | |
learns that Justine is accused of the murder with | |
circumstantial evidence. He | |
relays his assertion of Justine's innocence and states | |
that she will be found | |
not guilty. His words reassure Elizabeth in a time of | |
great need. The trial for | |
Justine Moritz begins at 11:00 the next morning. Victor | |
suffers silent torture | |
while the entire scene plays out in front of him. Yet, he | |
can do nothing to | |
stop it. Justine carries herself calmly at the trial, | |
answering the charges and | |
getting a sterling defence from Elizabeth. Although | |
Justine proclaims her | |
innocence, she is convicted of the crime. Her sentence is | |
to die by hanging the | |
following day. Elizabeth and Victor go to see Justine in | |
prison where both | |
learn that Justine had given a false confession under | |
stiff questioning. | |
Justine goes to her death with no fear, leaving Victor to | |
ponder the deaths of | |
two innocent victims. After Justine s execution, Victor | |
becomes increasingly | |
melancholy. He considers suicide but restrains himself by | |
thinking of Elizabeth | |
and his father. Alphonse, hoping to cheer up his son, | |
takes his children on an | |
excursion to the family home at Belrive. From there, | |
Victor wanders alone | |
toward the valley of Chamounix. The beautiful scenery | |
cheers him somewhat, but | |
his respite from grief is short-lived. One rainy day, | |
Victor wakes to find his | |
old feelings of despair resurfacing. He decides to travel | |
to the summit of | |
Montanvert, hoping that the view of a pure, eternal, | |
beautiful natural scene | |
will revive his spirits. When he reaches the glacier at | |
the top, he is | |
momentarily consoled by the sublime spectacle. As he | |
crosses to the opposite | |
side of the glacier, however, he spots a creature loping | |
toward him at | |
incredible speed. At closer range, he recognises clearly | |
the grotesque shape of | |
the monster. He issues futile threats of attack to the | |
monster, whose enormous | |
strength and speed allow him to elude Victor easily. | |
Victor curses him and | |
tells him to go away but the monster speaking eloquently, | |
persuades him to | |
accompany him to a fire in a cave of ice. | |
THE CREATURE | |
11-17 | |
Inside the cave, the monster | |
begins to narrate the events of his life. Sitting by the | |
fire in his hut, the | |
monster tells Victor of the confusion that he experienced | |
upon being created. | |
He describes his flight from Victor s apartment into the | |
wilderness and his | |
gradual acclimation to the world through his discovery of | |
the sensations of | |
light, dark, hunger, thirst, and cold. According to his | |
story, one day he finds | |
a fire and is pleased at the warmth it creates, but he | |
becomes dismayed when he | |
burns himself on the hot embers. He realises that he can | |
keep the fire alive by | |
adding wood, and that the fire is good not only for heat | |
and warmth but also | |
for making food more palatable. In search of food, the | |
monster finds a hut and | |
enters it. His presence causes an old man inside to | |
shriek and run away in | |
fear. The monster proceeds to a village, where more | |
people flee at the sight of | |
him. As a result of these incidents, he resolves to stay | |
away from humans. One | |
night he takes refuge in a small hovel adjacent to a | |
cottage. In the morning, | |
he discovers that he can see into the cottage through a | |
crack in the wall and | |
observes that the occupants are a young man, a young | |
woman, and an old man. Observing | |
his neighbours for an extended period of time, the | |
monster notices that they | |
often seem unhappy, though he is unsure why. He | |
eventually realises, however, | |
that their despair results from their poverty, to which | |
he has been | |
contributing by surreptitiously stealing their food. Torn | |
by his guilty | |
conscience, he stops stealing their food and does what he | |
can to reduce their | |
hardship, gathering wood at night to leave at the door | |
for their use. The | |
monster becomes aware that his neighbours are able to | |
communicate with each | |
other using strange sounds. Vowing to learn their | |
language, he tries to match | |
the sounds they make with the actions they perform. He | |
acquires a basic | |
knowledge of the language, including the names of the | |
young man and woman, | |
Felix and Agatha. He admires their graceful forms and is | |
shocked by his | |
ugliness when he catches sight of his reflection in a | |
pool of water. He spends | |
the whole winter in the hovel, unobserved and well | |
protected from the elements, | |
and grows increasingly affectionate toward his unwitting | |
hosts. As winter thaws | |
into spring, the monster notices that the cottagers, | |
particularly Felix, seem | |
unhappy. A beautiful woman in a dark dress and veil | |
arrives at the cottage on | |
horseback and asks to see Felix. Felix becomes ecstatic | |
the moment he sees her. | |
The woman, who does not speak the language of the | |
cottagers, is named Safie. | |
She moves into the cottage, and the mood of the household | |
immediately | |
brightens. As Safie learns the language of the cottagers, | |
so does the monster. | |
He also learns to read, and, since Felix uses Constantin- | |
Fran ois de Volney s | |
Ruins of Empires to instruct Safie, he learns a bit of | |
world history in the | |
process. Now able to speak and understand the language | |
perfectly, the monster | |
learns about human society by listening to the cottagers | |
conversations. | |
Reflecting on his own situation, he realises that he is | |
deformed and alone. He | |
asks if he was a monster, a blot upon the earth from | |
which all humans fled and | |
whom all humans disowned. He also learns about the | |
pleasures and obligations of | |
the family and of human relations in general, which | |
deepens the agony of his | |
own isolation. After some time, the monster s constant | |
eavesdropping allows him | |
to reconstruct the history of the cottagers. The old man, | |
De Lacey, was once an | |
affluent and successful citizen in Paris; his children, | |
Agatha and Felix, were | |
well-respected members of the community. Safie s father, | |
a Turk, was falsely | |
accused of a crime and sentenced to death. Felix visited | |
the Turk in prison and | |
met his daughter, with whom he immediately fell in love. | |
Safie sent Felix | |
letters thanking him for his intention to help her father | |
and recounting the | |
circumstances of her plight (the monster tells Victor | |
that he copied some of | |
these letters and offers them as proof that his tale is | |
true). The letters | |
relate that Safie s mother was a Christian Arab who had | |
been enslaved by the | |
Turks before marrying her father. She inculcated in Safie | |
an independence and | |
intelligence that Islam prevented Turkish women from | |
cultivating. Safie was | |
eager to marry a European man and thereby escape the near- | |
slavery that awaited | |
her in Turkey. Felix successfully coordinated her father | |
s escape from prison, | |
but when the plot was discovered, Felix, Agatha, and De | |
Lacey were exiled from | |
France and stripped of their wealth. They then moved into | |
the cottage in | |
Germany upon which the monster has stumbled. Meanwhile, | |
the Turk tried to force | |
Safie to return to Constantinople with him, but she | |
managed to escape with some | |
money and the knowledge of Felix s whereabouts. While | |
foraging for food in the | |
woods around the cottage one night, the monster finds an | |
abandoned leather | |
satchel containing some clothes and books. Eager to learn | |
more about the world | |
than he can discover through the chink in the cottage | |
wall, he brings the books | |
back to his hovel and begins to read. The books include | |
Johann Wolfgang von | |
Goethe s Sorrows of Werter, a volume of Plutarch s Lives, | |
and John Milton s | |
Paradise Lost, the last of which has the most profound | |
effect on the monster. | |
Unaware that Paradise Lost is a work of imagination, he | |
reads it as a factual | |
history and finds much similarity between the story and | |
his own situation. | |
Rifling through the pockets of his own clothes, stolen | |
long ago from Victor s | |
apartment, he finds some papers from Victor s journal. | |
With his newfound | |
ability to read, he soon understands the horrific manner | |
of his own creation | |
and the disgust with which his creator regarded him. | |
Dismayed by these | |
discoveries, the monster wishes to reveal himself to the | |
cottagers in the hope | |
that they will see past his hideous exterior and befriend | |
him. He decides to | |
approach the blind De Lacey first, hoping to win him over | |
while Felix, Agatha, | |
and Safie are away. He believes that De Lacey, | |
unprejudiced against his hideous | |
exterior, may be able to convince the others of his | |
gentle nature. The perfect | |
opportunity soon presents itself, as Felix, Agatha, and | |
Safie depart one day | |
for a long walk. The monster nervously enters the cottage | |
and begins to speak | |
to the old man. Just as he begins to explain his | |
situation, however, the other | |
three return unexpectedly. Felix drives the monster away, | |
horrified by his | |
appearance. In the wake of this rejection, the monster | |
swears to revenge | |
himself against all human beings, his creator in | |
particular. Journeying for | |
months out of sight of others, he makes his way toward | |
Geneva. On the way, he | |
spots a young girl, seemingly alone; the girl slips into | |
a stream and appears | |
to be on the verge of drowning. When the monster rescues | |
the girl from the | |
water, the man accompanying her, suspecting him of having | |
attacked her, shoots | |
him. As he nears Geneva, the monster runs across Victor s | |
younger brother, | |
William, in the woods. When William mentions that his | |
father is Alphonse | |
Frankenstein, the monster erupts in a rage of vengeance | |
and strangles the boy | |
to death with his bare hands. He takes a picture of | |
Caroline Frankenstein that | |
the boy has been holding and places it in the folds of | |
the dress of a girl | |
sleeping in a barn Justine Moritz, who is later executed | |
for William s murder. | |
Having explained to Victor the circumstances behind | |
William s murder and | |
Justine s conviction, the monster implores Victor to | |
create another monster to | |
accompany him and be his mate. The monster tells Victor | |
that it is his right to | |
have a female monster companion. Victor refuses at first, | |
but the monster | |
appeals to Victor s sense of responsibility as his | |
creator. He tells Victor | |
that all of his evil actions have been the result of a | |
desperate loneliness. He | |
promises to take his new mate to South America to hide in | |
the jungle far from | |
human contact. With the sympathy of a fellow monster, he | |
argues, he will no | |
longer be compelled to kill. Convinced by these | |
arguments, Victor finally | |
agrees to create a female monster. Overjoyed but still | |
sceptical, the monster | |
tells Victor that he will monitor Victor s progress and | |
that Victor need not | |
worry about contacting him when his work is done. | |
VICTOR FRANKENSTEIN | |
18-24 | |
After his fateful meeting with | |
the monster on the glacier, Victor puts off the creation | |
of a new, female | |
creature. He begins to have doubts about the wisdom of | |
agreeing to the | |
monster s request. He realises that the project will | |
require him to travel to | |
England to gather information. His father notices that | |
his spirits are troubled | |
much of the time Victor, still racked by guilt over the | |
deaths of William and | |
Justine, is now newly horrified by the task in which he | |
is about to engage and | |
asks him if his impending marriage to Elizabeth is the | |
source of his | |
melancholy. Victor assures him that the prospect of | |
marriage to Elizabeth is | |
the only happiness in his life. Eager to raise Victor s | |
spirits, Alphonse | |
suggests that they celebrate the marriage immediately. | |
Victor refuses, | |
unwilling to marry Elizabeth until he has completed his | |
obligation to the | |
monster. He asks Alphonse if he can first travel to | |
England, and Alphonse | |
consents. Victor and Alphonse arrange a two-year tour, on | |
which Henry Clerval, | |
eager to begin his studies after several years of | |
unpleasant work for his | |
father in Geneva, will accompany Victor. After travelling | |
for a while, they | |
reach London. Victor and Henry spend the winter in | |
London, touring that city | |
and making plans to visit the rest of England. The visit | |
delights Henry, while | |
Victor broods and only visits the philosophers who have | |
the latest scientific | |
information. The two go to Oxford, and a friend invites | |
them to visit Scotland. | |
Here, Victor suggests they part ways; he carries on with | |
his plan, unknown to | |
Henry, and fixes upon a poor, relatively uninhabited | |
island in the Orkney | |
Island chain. Here, Victor can finish his work in | |
solitude and out of sight of | |
anyone who may suspect his intentions. He gathers the | |
latest information about | |
the advances in his field but remains a depressed soul | |
with the thought of what | |
he must do again. To Victor, this whole odyssey is like | |
torture, as he must | |
gather the raw materials for a second creature. Henry is | |
not aware of Victor's | |
determined efforts and carries out his part of the tour | |
with joy. Victor sets | |
about his work, creating a second female monster. After | |
following Victor and | |
Henry through mainland Europe and England, the monster | |
comes near Victor's | |
workshop in Scotland to see his mate. In a fit of anger | |
and guilt, Victor | |
destroys the half-finished creation in front of the | |
monster and tells the | |
monster he will not continue. The threat the monster | |
makes is an ominous one: "I | |
shall be with you on your wedding-night." The monster | |
then disappears into | |
the night. Victor now contemplates who will be the | |
creature's next victim. He | |
receives a letter from Henry Clerval urging him to come | |
back to London to begin | |
planning a journey to India. Victor rushes to leave his | |
island within two days, | |
once he dismantles the laboratory and hides the remains. | |
He sets out in a boat | |
around 2:00 or 3:00 a.m. to dispose of the remaining body | |
parts. Once the task | |
is complete, he lays down in the boat to rest when the | |
rising sun and wind | |
awaken him. A storm pushes the sailboat out to sea, and | |
Victor finds himself in | |
a dire situation. He fabricates a sail from his own | |
clothes to steer him toward | |
a town near shore. Surprised to find the local folk | |
hostile towards him, he | |
asks, "Surely it is not the custom of Englishmen to | |
receive strangers so | |
inhospitably." A man answers "it is the custom of the | |
Irish to hate | |
villains." Victor is immediately taken into custody, | |
accused of murder, | |
and sent to the local magistrate, Mr. Kirwin, to await | |
sentencing. Victor goes | |
along peacefully. A body has washed ashore; the method of | |
death is familiar, | |
the black marks of fingers on the neck. Since Victor | |
appears around this same | |
time, several people put him near the scene of a crime | |
even though he had not | |
been present. At least two witnesses saw a large creature | |
deposit the body of | |
Henry Clerval on the beach and leave. Mr. Kirwin, the | |
local magistrate, | |
suggests that the whole entourage go to see the body. | |
Victor becomes violently | |
ill and passes two months near death: "The human frame | |
could no longer | |
support the agonies that I endured, and I was carried out | |
of the room in strong | |
convulsions." Victor is held in prison, and Kirwin sends | |
a nurse and | |
doctor to return him to good health. At the trial, Kirwin | |
offers a spirited defence | |
of Victor and manages to secure Victor's release when the | |
court learns of | |
Victor's residence on the Orkney Islands. The time of the | |
murder and Victor's | |
presence in his lab in the Orkney's proves that he did | |
not commit the crime. | |
Alphonse takes Victor home. The pair travel from Ireland | |
to Le Harve, France | |
and overland to Paris for a brief stay. On their way | |
home, father and son stop | |
in Paris, where Victor rests to recover his strength. | |
Just before leaving again | |
for Geneva, Victor receives a letter from Elizabeth. | |
Worried by Victor s | |
recurrent illnesses, she asks him if he is in love with | |
another, to which | |
Victor replies that she is the source of his joy. The | |
letter reminds him of the | |
monster s threat that he will be with Victor on his | |
wedding night. He believes | |
that the monster intends to attack him and resolves that | |
he will fight back. | |
Whichever one of them is destroyed, his misery will at | |
last come to an end. | |
Eventually, Victor and his father arrive home and begin | |
planning the wedding. | |
Elizabeth is still worried about Victor, but he assures | |
her that all will be | |
well after the wedding. He has a terrible secret, he | |
tells her, that he can | |
only reveal to her after they are married. As the wedding | |
day approaches, | |
Victor grows more and more nervous about his impending | |
confrontation with the | |
monster. Finally, the wedding takes place, and Victor and | |
Elizabeth depart for | |
a family cottage to spend the night. In the evening, | |
Victor and Elizabeth walk | |
around the grounds, but Victor can think of nothing but | |
the monster s imminent | |
arrival. Inside, Victor worries that Elizabeth might be | |
upset by the monster s | |
appearance and the battle between them. He tells her to | |
retire for the night. | |
He begins to search for the monster in the house, when | |
suddenly he hears | |
Elizabeth scream and realises that it was never his death | |
that the monster had | |
been intending this night. Consumed with grief over | |
Elizabeth s death, Victor returns | |
home and tells his father the gruesome news. Shocked by | |
the tragic end of what | |
should have been a joyous day, his father dies a few days | |
later. Victor finally | |
breaks his secrecy and tries to convince a magistrate in | |
Geneva that an | |
unnatural monster is responsible for the death of | |
Elizabeth, but the magistrate | |
does not believe him. Victor resolves to devote the rest | |
of his life to finding | |
and destroying the monster. Victor leaves Geneva forever, | |
goaded on by the | |
monster's laughter. A chase ensues as Victor tries to | |
capture and kill the | |
creature who has tormented him for several years. Victor | |
chases the monster | |
from Geneva south to the Mediterranean Sea. Both board a | |
ship bound for the | |
Black Sea, journey through Russia, and make their way | |
north to the Arctic | |
Circle. The weather gets worse as the duo travels north. | |
There is little or no | |
food and fierce winter storms. The monster steals a dog | |
sled team and is seen | |
by local villagers to be armed and dangerous. Victor | |
closes to within one mile | |
of the monster when the ice on which both travel begins | |
to crack and separate | |
the two from each other. It is at this time when Robert | |
Walton finds Victor, | |
with his dying dog team dogs floating on an ice flow in | |
the Arctic Ocean. | |
Victor encourages Robert to continue the fight to destroy | |
the monster if he | |
does not. | |
CAPTAIN ROBERT WALTON | |
Letters | |
Walton is now the narrator for | |
the remainder of the story. Walton tells how Victor | |
proves his tale by | |
producing the letters of Felix and Safie. Victor tells | |
Walton to learn from his | |
mistakes, that knowledge for evil ends leads to disaster. | |
Walton comforts | |
Victor in his last days and the two pass the time | |
discussing other topics, such | |
as literature, when Walton notices that it has taken a | |
full week for Victor to | |
narrate this story. Victor tells Robert that he must | |
carry on the mission to | |
destroy the monster. Walton grieves at the fact that he | |
has found a friend who | |
seems on the verge of death and that his own mission to | |
discover a northwest | |
Arctic passage has failed. He writes to his sister to | |
remember him fondly and | |
to wish her family well. Walton writes that Victor is now | |
dying, and Walton has | |
a near mutiny aboard his ship. The crew wants the ship to | |
return to warmer | |
waters before the ship is crushed by the weight of the | |
ice. Walton chides the | |
crew for their lack of adventure, and they agree to | |
rescind their demand to | |
turn the ship southward to escape a certain death. Walton | |
is in deep despair, | |
now far short of his goal. He informs the crew that they | |
will return to England | |
if they are not destroyed. Victor wants to remain in this | |
inhospitable climate | |
even if Walton's ship returns home. However, Walton | |
cannot lead the men to | |
their deaths. Victor will not return to Europe or England | |
without confronting | |
his enemy. Walton knows that Victor will die soon from | |
exhaustion and exposure. | |
In the end, Victor dies. The monster breaks into the | |
ship's cabin where | |
Victor's body lies in state. Walton and the monster | |
startle each other and the | |
monster begins to tell his part of the story when he | |
began his reign of terror. | |
The monster finds that he can gain no sympathy from man, | |
so he pledges to | |
remain in the frozen north until he dies. The monster | |
tells that he has | |
suffered along with Victor and made evil his version of | |
good. The monster | |
promises no harm to Walton or his crew and leaves the | |
ship to live out his days | |
in the frozen land of ice. To the monster, dying is his | |
only consolation to | |
relieve the pain he has endured since he was given that | |
spark of life in | |
Ingolstadt. He swears "I shall ascend my funeral pile | |
triumphantly and | |
exult in the agony of the torturing flames." With this | |
statement, the | |
monster leaps overboard from the ship and disappears in | |
the mist. | |
Transformation | |
Guido il Cortese describes how he | |
is sometimes compelled to tell the story of a strange | |
encounter he had with a | |
mysterious creature many years before, when Guido was a | |
young man living in | |
Genoa, Italy. In those days, Guido says, he was reckless | |
and profligate, | |
determined to live a life of pleasure, especially after | |
his father's death left | |
him the master of his family fortune. He became engaged | |
to his childhood | |
playmate Juliet, the beautiful and virtuous daughter of | |
his father's lifelong | |
friend Torella. But before they married, Guido journeyed | |
to Paris, where he | |
squandered his family fortune. Paris was a place of | |
dissipation at this time, | |
during the reign of Charles VI, but the political turmoil | |
that followed the | |
murder of the Duke of Orleans changed this. Guido | |
returned to Genoa to | |
Torella's house and Juliet but Torella told him that by | |
squandering his family | |
fortune, Guido had voided the contract of marriage. | |
Torella who viewed Guido as | |
a son, offered to settle a fortune on him on the | |
condition that he adhere to | |
certain restrictions. Guido refused to be controlled in | |
this way and left Torella's | |
villa. He attempted to abduct Juliet twice, once with her | |
father, but was | |
unsuccessful. After the second attempt, Guido was | |
banished from Genoa and | |
refused Torella's offers of help. Guido was penniless and | |
alone, and wandered | |
along the seashore in despair. He imagined his revenge on | |
Torella and the | |
people of Genoa, but knew he was completely powerless | |
without fortune. | |
Suddenly, a storm appeared over the water, and Guido | |
watched in horror as a | |
ship was wrecked on the nearby rocks. He could hear the | |
sailors' agony but was | |
powerless to help them. But he saw a strange figure | |
floating to shore, and | |
discovered it to be a misshapen creature--possibly human-- | |
riding on a chest. | |
The creature reached the shore and frightened Guido with | |
his blasphemy and | |
horrible appearance. Guido told him a little of his | |
story, and the creature | |
encouraged him to take revenge. When Guido lamented that | |
his lack of wealth | |
prevented this, the creature offered a deal: he would | |
have Guido's body for | |
three days in exchange for the chest he was riding, which | |
was full of treasure. | |
Guido would inhabit the creature's body in the meantime, | |
and would be supplied | |
with food and water while he waited for the creature to | |
return. Guido was | |
horrified, but tempted by the promise of wealth, and | |
agreed. The creature | |
performed the necessary ritual, which included the | |
exchange of blood, and Guido | |
lost consciousness. When he awoke, he was in the body of | |
the creature. He | |
immediately regretted his avarice, but decided to wait | |
the three days for the | |
creature to return. The three days passed, but the | |
creature did not return, and | |
after waiting three more days in despair, Guido in | |
desperation decided to | |
pursue him back to Genoa. He did this with great | |
difficulty in the strange | |
body, travelling at night to avoid being seen. He | |
eventually arrived at | |
Torella's villa, only to discover that the impostor had | |
assumed Guido's | |
rightful place in Torella's family and would shortly be | |
married to Juliet. | |
Enraged, and fearing for Juliet if the marriage were to | |
take place, Guido | |
attacked the creature. They were both severely wounded in | |
the fight, the | |
creature fatally. Guido awakened in his own body once | |
again, and once he | |
recovered, he and Juliet were married. They lived a long, | |
happy life together, | |
but Guido never fully recovers from his injuries, and is | |
haunted by his memory | |
of the encounter with the strange creature. | |
The short story is a sort of silent alternative ending to | |
Frankenstein. | |
Date Published: 2018-03-23 17:38:06 | |
Identifier: FrankensteinTheModernPrometheus | |
Item Size: 942575960 | |
Language: eng | |
Media Type: texts | |
# Topics | |
Frankenstein | |
Modern | |
Prometheus | |
Mary | |
Wollstonecraft | |
Godwin | |
Shelley | |
Percy | |
Bysshe | |
William | |
Monster | |
Victor | |
Igor | |
Robert | |
Walton | |
Elizabeth | |
Thomas | |
Richard | |
Brinsley | |
Peake | |
Presumption | |
Fate | |
Gothic | |
Transformation | |
# Collections | |
journals_contributions | |
journals | |
# Uploaded by | |
@muhammadd_apos_aliyy | |
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