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DTIC ADA453091: Measuring the Effects of an Ever-Changing Environme...
by Defense Technical Information Center
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The effectiveness of malaria control measures depends not
only on the potency of the control measures themselves
but also upon the influence of variables associated with
the environment. Environmental variables have the
capacity either to enhance or to impair the desired
outcome. An optimal outcome in the field, which is
ultimately the real goal of vaccine research, will result
from prior knowledge of both the potency of the control
measures and the role of environmental variables. Here we
describe both the potential effectiveness of control
measures and the problems associated with testing in an
area of endemicity. We placed canaries with different
immunologic backgrounds (e.g., na eve to malaria
infection, vaccinated na eve, and immune) directly into
an area where avian malaria, Plasmodium relictum, is
endemic. In our study setting, canaries that are na eve
to malaria infection routinely suffer approximately 50%
mortality during their first period of exposure to the
disease. In comparison, birds vaccinated and boosted with
a DNA vaccine plasmid encoding the circumsporozoite
protein of P. relictum exhibited a moderate degree of
protection against natural infection (P 0.01). In the
second year we followed the fate of all surviving birds
with no further manipulation. The vaccinated birds from
the first year were no longer statistically
distinguishable for protection against malaria from cages
of na eve birds. During this period, 36% of vaccinated
birds died of malaria. We postulate that the vaccine-
induced protective immune responses prevented the
acquisition of natural immunity similar to that
concurrently acquired by birds in a neighboring cage.
These results indicate that dominant environmental
parameters associated with malaria deaths can be
addressed before their application to a less malleable
human system.
Date Published: 2018-06-05 02:04:21
Identifier: DTIC_ADA453091
Item Size: 8430743
Language: english
Media Type: texts
# Topics
DTIC Archive; McCutchan, Thomas F ; N...
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