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# For Animal Bites
# Antibiotics
Clean animal bites well with soap and water. Give antibiotics
because animal bites are especially likely to become infected.
antibiotics
Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is the best choice for treating
animal bites.
If you do not have amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, use 2
antibiotics: Give one of these: doxycycline, cotrimoxazole, or
penicillin V
*AND* one of these: metronidazole or clindamycin
If the bite was from a dog, a bat, or another animal that could have
rabies, also give a rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin if
needed (see below).
# Rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin
Where there are animals with rabies, any animal bite or scratch
breaking the skin will need thorough cleaning with soap and water for
at least 15 minutes, a series of rabies vaccine injections, and, if
the rabies risk is high, also an injection of rabies immunoglobulin.
Even if there is no rabies immunoglobulin available, washing the skin
very well right away and giving the series of rabies vaccine can
prevent rabies.
deep wounds
## Using rabies vaccine
Inject the complete vial of vaccine (either 0.5 ml or 1 ml depending
on the vaccine manufacturer) into the upper arm muscle on the day of
the bite, and then again on days 3, and 7. Then, a fourth injection
is given between day 14 (2 weeks) and 28 (4 weeks) after the bite.
For a child 2 years or younger, give injections in the upper thigh
(not the buttock).
When giving rabies immunoglobulin, also give rabies vaccine, but use
a different clean needle and inject in a different place on the body.
## Using rabies immunoglobulin
There are two forms of rabies immunoglobulin, one made from human
serum (HRIG) and one made from horse serum (ERIG). HRIG is safer.
## Important!
Rabies immunoglobulin can cause a severe allergic reaction for some
people. Always have epinephrine (adrenaline) available in case of an
allergic reaction.
antihistamines
## How to use
Injection
Inject rabies immunoglobulin in and around the cleaned wound.
If there are several wounds and the amount of rabies immunoglobulin
you have is not enough to inject into each one, add buffered saline
solution to double the amount of liquid. Then the person will still
receive the correct dose and all wounds will receive some medicine.
If using Human Rabies Immune Globulin (HRIG),
-> inject 20 units per kg one time.
If using Equine Rabies Immune Globulin (ERIG),
-> inject 40 units per kg one time.
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