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# Seizures, Convulsions
Seizures are sudden, usually brief, periods of unconsciousness or
changes in mental state, often with jerking movements.
Seizures may be caused by high fever, meningitis, dehydration, an
injury, malaria, poisoning, or other reasons. If none of these
dangerous causes of seizure seem likely, a single seizure may not be
a problem (although it can be very frightening to watch).
When seizures recur, this is often from epilepsy, a chronic condition
that can be controlled with medicines. See a health worker.
## Treatment
During a seizure, clear the space around the person so she does not
hurt herself. Turn her on her side so she does not choke if she
vomits. Do not hold a seizing person down or try to hold her tongue.
Get medical help.
For seizure from dehydration: After the seizure is over, give
rehydration fluids.
rehydration
For a seizure from meningitis: the child will need a combination of
specific antibiotics immediately. Start giving these on the way to
get help.
meningitis
For seizure from malaria: Treat the malaria as soon as possible with
the malaria medicines used in your region, usually artesunate.
Seizures and convulsions can be a sign of severe malaria, which can
cause death if not treated quickly.
malaria
If the seizure lasts more than 15 minutes, put liquid diazepam in the
anus using a syringe without a needle. Do not give more than the
recommended dose and do not give more than 2 doses.
medicines for anxiety
The spasms caused by tetanus can be mistaken for seizures. The jaw
shuts tightly (lockjaw) and the body suddenly bends back. Learn to
recognize early signs of tetanus.
tetanus
After a seizure, the person may be confused or drowsy. Comfort her.
Convulsions
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