Good bunch of books - all on a similar theme. Hofstadter is
  amazing. Thinking Fast and Slow was good. Deutsch I like as a
  person and his profession, although I haven't read this one, but
  Tegmark is the only one I'd really put some criticism towards.
  Minsky - I remember the name and I have a positive 'feel' for
  him but I can't remember from what. I *think* I liked him. My
  criticism of Tegmark is that everything's too neat and pat with
  him. But the rest I like. == AH! Minsky - yes, Minsky. He
  expanded complexity theory and came up with a good viable plan
  of action towards a workable AI scheme. His ideas also lead well
  into embodied cognition, which is a way of thinking that I like.
  Ok, yes, I read him in college. Ok, yes, Minsky - I'm a fan. ==
  Yeah, I studied Tegmark a year or two ago. Wrote some stuff
  about it. The issue I have with Tegmark is that he's mistaking
  the model for the thing itself. An artist can draw a realistic
  person on a piece of paper. A person with a computer can
  mathematically model a Universe. But neither is the drawing of
  the person a person nor is the mathematical model of the
  Universe a Universe. Math is an effective sketching tool but
  it's sketching reality but it's not reality. == I'm just saying
  by the definition he gave, that's what society is. Humans are a
  collection of living machines that together create an organism
  of its own and the name for that organism of comprised of humans
  is a society. Minsky took it a step further and transferred it
  into being possible for machines as well, using society as an
  analogy for a kind of collective consciousness... sort of a
  twist on the collective unconscious concept. It was a brilliant
  step actually. == I never read either in full - but GEB if I
  remember right was a very thick read, but strange loop is more
  approachable, likely given the extra 20+ years he had inbetween
  to be able to refine his thinking into an easier to digest way.
  == Well, I'd put the basis to analogy instead of math, as the
  alien has to analogize rocks to the abstract concept of number
  and sameness. I think that's the distinction I'd make. But it's
  a minor quibble I had/have with Sagan compared to the bulk of
  everything he had to say. == Yeah you bring up a good point* : I
  find it very helpful to read the critics when I am enjoying an
  author or a concept. I don't think there's a concept out there
  without some flaws, and it's good to know what the critics have
  to say. They might have some things right. Maybe they're off
  base. But I find a solid idea becomes more solid because while
  the weak spots are exposed, the strong parts by comparison are
  much much stronger because they withstood the