Oh, nobody ever really believed the Earth was flat. The Greeks
knew it. The knowledge passed on through Byzantium unchanged.
Even in Medieval Europe they knew the Earth was round, except
for a few decorative maps and creative works.
There was no Dark Ages. That concept came from Petrarch in the
1330s and he was criticizing architecture.
Over the centuries its use has expanded and grown, and we were
thrown into three hundred years of stupidity up through the mid
1950s where we actually believed people were once stupid, then
enlightened.
Now historians know better, but the myth carries on.