Chapter 1

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               On the approaches to the new language

   In some sections  of the book,  I went beyond  the theories  in
   which I can  claim to  have any  expertise. I  ask those  whose
   reserved lands I invaded,  forgive me for  my rashness. And  if
   some trophies, I  write about,  exist only  in my  imagination,
   then, at least, is  poaching does not cause  any damage to  the
   rightful owners,  while a  random  stranger can  sometimes  see
   something that is both unexpected and real.

                                              George Paget Thomson

                        WHY LANGUAGE DRAGON?

  DRAGON - this algorithmic language,  has an unusual feature:  it
  is both  a  language  to describe  the  structure  of  activity,
  language comprehension  and  understanding of  the  language  of
  intellect.  As  a   programming  language,   it  satisfies   the
  requirements of mathematical rigor,  enabling from the  original
  text definitely  get  the  object code  (machine  code  for  the
  computer.) But that's not  the point. When  you create a  Dragon
  focused on human factors,  improving the visibility and  clarity
  of technical and social  projects and technologies that  improve
  the ergonomics of algorithms that not only in words but in deeds
  to turn Dragon into the  language to improve the mind,  language
  comprehension and understanding.

  Although outwardly  very  similar to  DRAGON  conventional  flow
  charts and  programs, in  fact, he  is an  original design.  The
  closest functional analog circuits  should be considered  DRAGON
  action  (action   diagrams)   and  charts   activity   (activity
  diagrams).

  For careful readers  who love details  counterparts DRAGON -  in
  varying degrees - can be called a more distant "relatives."These
  include: Nessie-Schneiderman charts, HOS-diagrams,  "grinprint",
  SPD-chart of the company NEC, PAD-scheme company Hitachi, trees,
  and decision  tables, the  decomposition scheme,  schemes  based
  language SDL  and  its derivatives,  BLS  system created  by  A.
  Smolyaninov from  St.  Petersburg  Electrotechnical  University,
  R-circuit I. Velbitskogo, ?-circuit V. Prokhorov, etc. d.

   WHAT IS THE SECRET OF THE DRAGON? - In the cognitive approach

  However,  compared   with  the   counterparts  in   this   case,
  unproductive, because  it did  not reveal  the most  significant
  feature of the dragon, which is called "cognitive approach". The
  term "cognitive"  (Cognitive)  is  still  not  widespread  among
  designers, developers, engineers, and  programmers, but it is  a
  secret password of a powerful  new scientific order, or  rather,
  the banner of  two new, rapidly  developing areas in  psychology
  and the science  of intelligence known  as cognitive  psychology
  and cognitive science ^1.

  One of the goals  of these disciplines is  to reveal the  hidden
  reserves of  the  human  brain,  increase  the  productivity  of
  creative knowledge workers.

  The real question is the following. Developers of technical  and
  social projects, knowledge workers - are living people who  have
  brain capabilities which,  although large,  but nevertheless  is
  not limitless.  Thus,  the  problem  of design  -  is  not  only
  technical, but also human, cognitive, t. E. A cognitive problem.

  Under the cognitive factor in this book refers to the cognitive,
  intellectual,  mental,   creative  aspects   of  the   work   of
  scientists, professionals  and students.  The more  complex  the
  object of technical and social  planning, the more important  to
  focus on the  need for  careful consideration  of the  cognitive
  characteristics of human activity. Academician Simonov  stresses
  that developers of systems "is  extremely important to know  the
  rules, following which  the living  brain perceives,  processes,
  records and uses the newly obtained information. Details of  the
  rules  identified   in   the   experiment   provides   cognitive
  psychology. "

  Using these rules  provides a  practical result  - increase  the
  productivity of mental work.

              Why people are not interested own brain?

  In the  last two  decades of  neurobiological and  psychological
  studies have yielded  new and very  important information  about
  how the  brain works.  They  open the  way for  a  revolutionary
  transformation of intellectual work, creating the  preconditions
  for  a  radical  increase  its  znanieporozhdayuschey   creative
  productivity. In fact, we  are on the  threshold of a  strategic
  reform of intellectual work, promising inclusion in the creative
  work  of  powerful   new  reserves  of   the  human  brain   and
  intelligence.  But   these   results  because   of   the   known
  cross-disciplinary barriers have not yet become the property  of
  the designers, engineers,  and programmers  who develop  complex
  technical  and  social  systems.  As  a  result,  a  paradoxical
  situation. We explain the situation as an example.

  Programming engage  people  with  the brain.  But  so  far,  the
  languages, methods  and  theory  of  programming  built  without
  taking into account the design of the brain. It is impossible to
  maximize the  productivity of  creative brain  programmers,  not
  because of  its design.  Consequently, the  traditional ways  of
  creating languages  ??and programming  technologies that  ignore
  the design of the brain, are outdated and inefficient.

  I think that this conclusion  is valid in other cases.  Ignoring
  the laws of the brain, lack of attention to issues of  cognitive
  results

  to unpleasant consequences: the mutual incomprehension between
  co-complex projects, serious errors in scientific knowledge, a
  major scientific and technical miscalculations, the elimination
  of which requires significant material costs (related to
  constructional modifications costly and time-consuming rework
  software), as well as a noticeable reduction of the resulting
  productivity developers and other members of the technical and
  social projects.

  The science  of human  factors is  called ergonomics.  Cognitive
  problems - an important part of the ergonomics. To single out  a
  group of  cognitive ergonomics,  among other  issues,  sometimes
  uses the term "cognitive  ergonomics" and "cognitive  ergonomics
  problems."

                   WILL THE DRAGON WORLD CHAMPION

  By criterion "understandability algorithms"?

  This book has a purely practical  nature. It will be shown  that
  the cognitive  approach -  it  is a  working method  that  gives
  useful benefits:  better  understandability  of  algorithms  and
  programs, projects and technologies, increasing the productivity
  of complex intellectual work. We will try to prove this  thesis,
  gradually revealing the features of the language of dragons.

  As with all other languages, the dragon is based on  mathematics
  and logic. But beyond that, he carefully takes into account  the
  cognitive  questions.   Thanks   to  the   systematic   use   of
  cognitive-ergonomic  methods   of  DRAGON   has  gained   unique
  ergonomic features. We can assume that in the future, DRAGON can
  claim   the   title   of   champion   of   the   criterion    of
  "comprehensibility of algorithms and programs" (in the classroom
  imperative languages) ^1.

  DRAGON can be defined as a shared visual language for describing
  the structure of activity,  for organizing, structuring,  visual
  presentation and formalization  of the  mandatory knowledge,  as
  well as for planning,  programming, simulation and training.  It
  is the universal language  of interdisciplinary business  world,
  used to describe the scientific, technical, medical, biological,
  economic, social, educational and other problems. DRAGON  allows
  you to  organize  and  present a  solution  to  any  arbitrarily
  complex   imperative    (procedural,   active,    technological,
  prescription,  algorithmic)  problems  in  the  form  of  visual
  drawings made on the basis of "look - and immediately got it!"

  Humanity language DRAGON, striving to create maximum comfort for
  the  human   brain,   all-round  concern   for   improving   the
  productivity of creative  personnel allows us  to hope that  the
  dragon will get the widest application in the economy, business,
  defense, science and education. Using not just visual, and  very
  visual presentation of knowledge,  facilitating the work of  the
  brain, Dragon  provides a  marked  increase in  productivity  of
  intellectual labor.

  At the core is the idea of ??language DRAGON cognitive knowledge
  formalization,  which   allows   to   combine   the   rigor   of
  logical-mathematical  formalization   with  accurate   cognitive
  (cognitive)  characteristics  of  the  person.  The  result   is
  dramatically simplify  and  facilitate the  description  of  the
  structure  of  activity,   formalization  of  the   professional
  knowledge of experts,  standardize it and  make it suitable  for
  mass practical use.  This equally applies  to both the  computer
  and the "beskompyuternoy" human intellectual activity.

  Thus, the main purpose of language DRAGON - to provide a quantum
  leap in increasing the productivity of complex intellectual work
  by increasing  the intellectual  capacity  of the  human  brain,
  detect and  better  utilization of  the  reserves of  the  human
  intellect,  cognitive  prerequisites  for  the  creation  of   a
  significant  increase   in   the   efficiency   of   information
  technology.

                    Who should LANGUAGE DRAGON?

  Language equally covers four categories of individuals:

    * people, did not know (or slightly familiar) programming and
      computer engineering: mechanical, electrical, kompleksnikov,
      instrument operators, testers, physicists, chemists,
      geologists, biologists, doctors, agronomists, economists,
      lawyers, psychologists, and so on. etc .;
    * for professional programmers, mathematicians and developers
      of computer technology, including experts in operating
      systems, system and application programming, and
      microprogramming (for personal, universal, control and
      on-board computers);
    * for pupils and students;
    * at many levels of managers who want a minimum of time to
      understand the essence of complex problems.

                 List of tasks solved with the help

  LANGUAGE DRAGON

  Language of the dragon can be used for the following tasks:

    * description of the structure of human activity;
    * a visual representation of knowledge in all the mandatory
      fields of economy, science and education;
    * description of the conceptual solutions and imperative
      models;
    * design of algorithms and programs;
    * development of algorithms and programs;
    * design processes;
    * A description of any technology (industrial, agricultural,
      medical, educational, administrative, and so on. d.);
    * Description of the design process;
    * the description of the functioning of discrete systems and
      devices, including intelligent systems;
    * description of the initial data for the development of
      computer-aided design and automation of scientific research;
    * description of the process for solving mathematical
      problems;
    * description of the dialogue and interaction of the human
      operator and the machine (control panel);
    * description of the process validation and troubleshooting;
    * diagnostic problem solving in all subject areas;
    * Firmware development;
    * description of the functioning of organizations and
      businesses;
    * avtoformalizatsiya professional knowledge of scientists,
      engineers, mathematicians, doctors, lawyers, agronomists,
      psychologists, operators, and so on. etc .;
    * the solution of educational problems: skills training
      algorithmization, programming and avtoformalizatsii
      knowledge in the shortest possible time.

  As already mentioned, the functional analogue of the DRAGON  are
  circuit diagrams of  actions and activities.  DRAGON is able  to
  perform all  the functions  of the  latter (the  reverse is  not
  true). Therefore,  the  list goes  on  to include  the  problems
  solved by  action  schemes.  This  will  describe  some  of  the
  features of a dragon with the help of terms specific to American
  literature:

    * a strategic review of corporate functions (strategic
      overview of corporate functions);
    * the description of the logical relationships between
      processes (logical relationship among processes);
    * description of the enlarged structure of programs (overall
      program structure);
    * detailed description of the program logic (detailed program
      logic);
    * complete decomposition programs (ultimate decomposition),
      from the enlarged details of logic and ending code that is
      equally useful for both top-down design (top-down design),
      and bottom-up (bottom-up design);
    * program design to the last moment can be carried out
      regardless of the language, and only at the last stage, the
      transition to the desired language;
    * end-user training, encourages them to analyze and design a
      detailed logic process (detailed process logic);
    * description of the procedures of organizational management
      (management procedures);
    * description of computer methodologies (computer
      methodologies);
    * description of the methodologies of information technology
      (methodologies of information engineering).

  As can  be seen  from  this list,  the  dragon has  a  universal
  property,  proving   useful  for   a  wide   range  of   diverse
  applications.With this DRAGON serves  the universal language  of
  business communication  and understanding  for professionals  in
  different specialties. In  addition, Dragon greatly  facilitates
  the process  of  formalization  of  knowledge,  opening  up  new
  opportunities to increase the level of automation in the  design
  and operation of complex objects.

                            CONCLUSIONS

   1. The traditional aims and methods of creating artificial
      languages, in particular languages, should be recognized in
      many ways outdated.
   2. Recent research in neuroscience, psychology, cognitive
      science and ergonomics provided new and extremely valuable
      information about the functioning of the brain, which can
      and should be used to develop a new generation of languages
      ??in order to increase the productivity of the human brain.
   3. Currently, there is no deliberate strategy aimed at
      eliminating barriers to cross-cutting designed to bring
      development to equip a new generation of artificial
      languages ??in-depth knowledge in the field of human
      sciences, human factors and human intelligence. This
      shortcoming should be eliminated as soon as possible.
   4. The concept of artificial languages ??of the new generation
      based on an interdisciplinary approach and upends
      traditional notions of artificial languages, and the
      appointment of a set of priority requirements to them. It
      gives priority to humanitarian issues and the requirements
      that need to be properly detailed.

References

  Visible links
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