TH DIAL 2
SH NAME
dial, hangup, announce, listen, accept, reject, netmkaddr, setnetmtpt, getnetconninfo, freenetconninfo \- make and break network connections
SH SYNOPSIS
B #include <u.h>
br
B #include <libc.h>
PP
B
int   dial(char *addr, char *local, char *dir, int *cfdp)
PP
B
int   hangup(int ctl)
PP
B
int   announce(char *addr, char *dir)
PP
B
int   listen(char *dir, char *newdir)
PP
B
int   accept(int ctl, char *dir)
PP
B
int   reject(int ctl, char *dir, char *cause)
PP
B
char* netmkaddr(char *addr, char *defnet, char *defservice)
PP
B
void  setnetmtpt(char *to, int tolen, char *from)
PP
B
NetConnInfo*  getnetconninfo(char *conndir, int fd)
PP
B
void freenetconninfo(NetConnInfo*)
SH DESCRIPTION
For these routines,
I addr
is a network address of the form
IB network ! netaddr ! service\f1,
IB network ! netaddr\f1,
or simply
IR netaddr .
I Network
is any directory listed in
B /net
or the special token,
BR net .
B Net
is a free variable that stands for any network in common
between the source and the host
IR netaddr .
I Netaddr
can be a host name, a domain name, a network address,
or a meta-name of the form
BI $ attribute\f1,
which
is replaced by
I value
from the value-attribute pair
IB attribute = value
most closely associated with the source host in the
network data base (see
IR ndb (6)).
PP
If a connection attempt is successful and
I dir
is non-zero,
the path name of a
I line directory
that has files for accessing the connection
is copied into
IR dir .
The path name is guaranteed to be less than 40
bytes long.
One line directory exists for each possible connection.
The
B data
file in the line directory should be used to communicate with the destination.
The
B ctl
file in the line directory can be used to send commands to the line.
See
IR ip (3)
for messages that can be written to the
B ctl
file.
The last close of the
B data
or
B ctl
file will close the connection.
PP
I Dial
makes a call to destination
I addr
on a multiplexed network.
If the network in
I addr
is
BR net ,
I dial
will try all addresses on networks in common between source
and destination until a call succeeds.
It returns a file descriptor open for reading and writing the
B data
file in the line directory.
The
B addr
file in the line directory contains the address called.
If the network allows the local address to be set,
as is the case with UDP and TCP port numbers, and
IR local
is non-zero, the local address will be set to
IR local .
If
I cfdp
is non-zero,
BI * cfdp
is set to a file descriptor open for reading and
writing the control file.
PP
I Hangup
is a means of forcing a connection to hang up without
closing the
B ctl
and
B data
files.
P
I Announce
and
I listen
are the complements of
IR dial .
I Announce
establishes a network
name to which calls can be made.
Like
IR dial ,
I announce
returns an open
B ctl
file.
The
I netaddr
used in announce may be a local address or an asterisk,
to indicate all local addresses, e.g.
BR tcp!*!echo .
The
I listen
routine takes as its first argument the
I dir
of a previous
IR announce .
When a call is received,
I listen
returns an open
B ctl
file for the line the call was received on.
It sets
I newdir
to the path name of the new line directory.
I Accept
accepts a call received by
IR listen ,
while
I reject
refuses the call because of
IR cause .
I Accept
returns a file descriptor for the data file opened
BR ORDWR .
PP
I Netmkaddr
makes an address suitable for dialing or announcing.
It takes an address along with a default network and service to use
if they are not specified in the address.
It returns a pointer to static data holding the actual address to use.
PP
I Getnetconninfo
returns a structure containing information about a
network connection.  The structure is:
EX
 typedef struct NetConnInfo NetConnInfo;
 struct NetConnInfo
 {
       char    *dir;           /* connection directory */
       char    *root;          /* network root */
       char    *spec;          /* binding spec */
       char    *lsys;          /* local system */
       char    *lserv;         /* local service */
       char    *rsys;          /* remote system */
       char    *rserv;         /* remote service */
       char    *laddr;         /* local address */
       char    *raddr;         /* remote address */
 };
EE
PP
The information is obtained from the connection directory,
IR conndir .
If
I conndir
is nil, the directory is obtained by performing
IR fd2path (2)
on
IR fd .
I Getnetconninfo
returns either a completely specified structure, or
nil if either the structure can't be allocated or the
network directory can't be determined.
The structure
is freed using
IR freenetconninfo .
PP
I Setnetmtpt
copies the name of the network mount point into
the buffer
IR to ,
whose length is
IR tolen .
It exists to merge two pre-existing conventions for specifying
the mount point.
Commands that take a network mount point as a parameter
(such as
BR dns ,
BR cs
(see
IR ndb (8)),
and
IR ipconfig (8))
should now call
IR setnetmtpt .
If
I from
is
BR nil ,
the mount point is set to the default,
BR /net .
If
I from
points to a string starting with a slash,
the mount point is that path.
Otherwise, the mount point is the string pointed to by
I from
appended to the string
BR /net .
The last form is obsolete and is should be avoided.
It exists only to aid in conversion.
SH EXAMPLES
Make a call and return an open file descriptor to
use for communications:
IP
EX
int callkremvax(void)
{
       return dial("kremvax", nil, nil, nil);
}
EE
PP
Call the local authentication server:
IP
EX
int dialauth(char *service)
{
       return dial(netmkaddr("$auth", nil, service), nil, nil, nil);
}
EE
PP
Announce as
B kremvax
on TCP/IP and
loop forever receiving calls and echoing back
to the caller anything sent:
IP
EX
int
bekremvax(void)
{
       int dfd, acfd, lcfd;
       char adir[40], ldir[40];
       int n;
       char buf[256];

       acfd = announce("tcp!*!7", adir);
       if(acfd < 0)
               return -1;
       for(;;){
               /* listen for a call */
               lcfd = listen(adir, ldir);
               if(lcfd < 0)
                       return -1;
               /* fork a process to echo */
               switch(fork()){
               case -1:
                       perror("forking");
                       close(lcfd);
                       break;
               case 0:
                       /* accept the call and open the data file */
                       dfd = accept(lcfd, ldir);
                       if(dfd < 0)
                               return -1;

                       /* echo until EOF */
                       while((n = read(dfd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
                               write(dfd, buf, n);
                       exits(nil);
               default:
                       close(lcfd);
                       break;
               }
       }
}
EE
SH SOURCE
BR /sys/src/libc/9sys ,
B /sys/src/libc/port
SH "SEE ALSO"
IR auth (2),
IR ip (3),
IR ndb (8)
SH DIAGNOSTICS
IR Dial ,
IR announce ,
and
I listen
return \-1 if they fail.
I Hangup
returns nonzero if it fails.

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