Commands to BACKUP are in the form of verbs. BACKUP prompts with a "/",
and has three kinds of verbs:
1. Action
2. Status setting
3. Tape positioning.
The action verbs are:
SAVE spec-list save the specified disk files on tape
RESTORE spec-list restore the specified files from tape to disk
CHECK spec-list verify that the disk and tape files agree
[N]PRINT spec print a directory of the entire tape on spec
The action verbs perform I/O and operate on the tape specified by the
last TAPE verb (one of the status setting verbs). A tape must be
specified before using any of the action commands.
The action commands take as an optional argument a list of file
specifications in the standard format of dev:filename.ext[directories].
The file specifications may have wild cards. The user may specify both
an input and an output side (output=input) or just the input file spec.
This allows files to be renamed as they are saved or restored. File
spec entries in the list ar separated by commas.
If no argument is supplied with an action command BACKUP will default a
file spec in the following way. The default file spec for the operator
is ALL:*.*[*,*,*,*,*,*]. This specifies all files on all UFDs and all
SFDs of all file structures with no renaming.
For a user not logged in under [1,2] the default for all action verbs is
ALL:*.*[PPN,*,*,*,*,*] where PPN is the user's PPN. This specifies all
files in the user's areas to be saved with a disk structure specified,
and restored to the appropriate structure.
The argument for the PRINT verb is a single file spec. Its default is
LPT:BACKUP.LOG.
Note that you can specify one or more fields of a file spec. The field
that you specify will supersede the corresponding field in the default
file spec. The file spec fields are the file name, file extension,
structure name, and directory area specification. Therefore, if you
specify only [PPN], it will be substituted for the default directory
area. Under no circumstances do the file spec fields become "sticky"
parameters, e.g. specifying the PPN for one spec does NOT carry over to
the next spec in the list.
BACKUP will read command files. The command:
/@filespec
will cause the commands contained in filespec to be read and performed.
The status setting commands set a parameter which affects future action
commands. Once a status parameter is set, it remains in effect until
changed by the user. The format for date/time arguments is
DD-MMM-YY:HH:MM:SS. The status setting commands are:
ABEFORE date include only files accessed before date
[NO]APPEND append to log file (default)
ASINCE date include only files accessed since date
BEFORE date-time include only files last created or modified
before date-time
[NO]CPOINT use checkpointing
[NO]DATE75 always accept files with possible DATE75
problems (default)
[NO]DELETE delete disk files after saving them
DENSITY (200,556,800,1600,6250)
set tape density
[NO]DIRECTORIES type each directory while running (default)
[NO]ENCRYPTION encrypt the mag tape (asks for key later; a key
is similar to a password and may have up to 30
characters)
[NO]EXEMPT exempt PPNS of the form [A,*] and [*,B] where A
and B .LE. 7 from date/time and length
restrictions (default)
[NO]FILES type each file name while running
INITIAL spec start processing at spec
[NO]INTERCHANGE run in INTERCHANGE mode (ignore system dependent
data)
LENGTH l:h include only files whose length is between l, h
[NO,N]LIST spec while running, make a listing on spec (default
spec is LPT:BACKUP.LOG). The N prefix is
similar to that of the PRINT verb.
MBEFORE date-time include only files moved before date-time
MESSAGE [NO]PREFIX suppress error message prefix
MESSAGE [NO]FIRST suppress error message first text line
MSINCE date-time include only files moved since date-time
[NO]MULTIREEL allow multiple reels on save (default) (multiple
reels on a RESTORE are always permitted)
[NO]NFS allow user to ignore RP.NFS rib status (i.e
dumps)
OPTION name use option BACKUP:name from SWITCH.INI
PARITY (EVEN,ODD) set tape parity
[NO]REPEAT repeat a split file on the continuation tape
RESET reset all status parameters
RESUME n start at block n of initial file
[NO]SDELETE delete disk files after saving them,
irrespectie of owner protection
SILENCE suppress directory and file name typeout while
running
SINCE date-time include only files created or modified since
date-time
SORT DIRECTORY x sort directories within each file structure in
order x when saving (x = ALPHABETICAL, LOCATION,
or NONE)
SORT FILES x sort files within each directory in order x when
saving (x = ALPHABETICAL, LOCATION, or NONE)
SSNAME a save-set name is a (up to 30 chars; use quotes
to include non-alphabetics; ALL = all save sets
on tape)
SUPERSEDE ALWAYS always restore file from tape
SUPERSEDE NEVER restore file from tape unless already on disk
SUPERSEDE OLDER restore from tape if disk file is older
(default)
TAPE MTAX use tape unit MTAX
TPNUMB set the tape number to x (decimal).
UPROTECTION nnn set protection of all created directories
[NO]USAGE enable USAGE Accounting
[NO]USETI use super-USETI (faster saves with /SINCE, etc.)
[NO]WRITE suppress disk writing during a RESTORE
BACKUP's tape positioning commands take immediate effect. They take a
list of tapes as an argument. If no tape is specified for a given
command, the last tape declared with the TAPE verb is positioned. The
tape positioning commands are:
EOT tape-list skip to end of tape
REWIND tape-list rewind to beginning of tape
SKIP n tape-list skip n save sets forward
SKIP 0 tape-list backup to start of current save set
SKIP -n tape-list skip n save sets backward
UNLOAD tape-list unload tape from drive if label processing is
not in effect, otherwise this command is a
no-op.
Switches which may be included within the file specification list for
the action verbs are:
ABEFORE date (input) include file only if accessed before
date
ASINCE date (input) include file only if accessed since date
BEFORE date-time (input) include only if last created or modified
before date-time
ERNONE (input) give error if no files match
ERPROTECTION (input) give error if protection failure
ERSUPERSEDE (output) do not restore file from tape if on disk
ESTIMATE n (output) estimate output file size
LENGTH l:h (input) include only if length is between l, h
MBEFORE date-time (input) include only if moved before date-time
MSINCE date-time (input) include only if moved since date-time
OKNONE (input) no error if no files match
OKPROTECTION (input) no error if protection failure
OKSUPERSEDE (output) always restore file from tape
[NO]PHYSICAL (in/out) ignore logical names
PROTECTION nnn (output) set output file protection
SINCE date-time (input) include only if created or modified
since date-time
[NO]STRS (input) if NO option is used, only save files
which exist on the first structure in
the Job Search List where a match occurs
(the default is STRS)
VERSION v (output) set output file version
The following run-time commands may be given while BACKUP is executing
an action verb. BACKUP prompts with an exclamation point (!) when ready
to accept a run-time command. Commands preceeded by an asterisk (*) may
also be typed when the slash (/) prompt is given, any differences are in
parenthesis.
*[NO]DIRECTORIES start typing every directory processed
*EXIT exit to monitor when done with the current
action (when typed to a slash prompt, exit to
the monitor immediately)
*[NO]FILES start typing every file and directory processed
GO continue from a STOP
*HELP list these run-time commands (when typed to a
slash prompt, type this help text)
KILL abort execution of the current action verb
PAUSE return to command level when all done (default)
*RESET reset all status parameters when all done (when
typed to a slash prompt, reset all status
parameters immediately)
*SILENCE stop typing every directory or file name
STOP stop temporarily
*WHAT display current file name, status and status
parameters (when typed to a slash prompt,
display status parameters)
NOTE: Tape rewinds are not automatic when running BACKUP.
EXAMPLES:
1. SAVE spec-list SAVE FROM DISK TO TAPE
One save set will be created on tape for each SAVE command. The save
set may be named by using the SSNAME status setting command.
A) Saving only recently accessed files
An operator may use BACKUP to save only those files accessed today and
concurrently print a directory by typing:
A directory file named BACKUP.LOG will be spooled to LPT.
B) Recovering from a system crash
BACKUP's default typeout level is directories, so in the above example,
BACKUP would type each UFD as it began to save files from that UFD. If
the system should crash during the save while BACKUP is in the process
of saving files from UFD [10,123] the operator could restart at UFD
[10,123] after the system is brought up by typing:
Note that all the status parameters must be reset. Note also that the
tape should NOT be rewound.
C) Saving a user's disk area
A user may save his own disk area with BACKUP by typing:
.R BACKUP
/TAPE MTA0
/SAVE
/^C
2. RESTORE spec-list RESTORE FROM TAPE TO DISK
If a save set has been named before this command is typed, BACKUP will
restore files only from the named save set. To restore files from more
than one save set, the save set name should be reset to ALL.
A) Restoring a set of files from a distribution tape
BACKUP format distribution tapes are made in interchange mode to avoid
including system dependent data, and related files are grouped together
in named save sets. To copy all files in the SCAN save set to DEC:,
type:
3. [N]PRINT spec PRINT DIRECTORY OF THE ENTIRE TAPE ON spec
The prefix N indicates a narrow (72 column) listing. The current
directory always fits within 72 columns (so NPRINT is equivalent to
PRINT) but in the future a wider format which includes more directory
information may be developed. To create a directory file on disk named
BACKUP.LOG type:
.R BACKUP
/TAPE MTA0
/PRINT DSK:
4. CHECK spec-list VERIFY THAT THE TAPE AND DISK AGREE
This command causes BACKUP to do a word by word comparison of the disk
files specified by the output side and the tape files specified by the
input side of the entries in the spec list. For example, to save on
tape all COBOL files and then verify that the saved tape files are
identical to those on disk type:
