This is a text-only version of the following page on https://raymii.org:

This is a text-only version of the following page on https://raymii.org:
---
Title : Installing PyGopherd on Ubuntu 20.04
Author : Remy van Elst
Date : 04-07-2020
URL : https://raymii.org/s/tutorials/Installing_PyGopherd_on_Ubuntu_20.04.html
Format : Markdown/HTML
---

Ubuntu 20.04 dropped the Pygopherd package. There is no way to install it from
the official repositories. In this guide I'll show you two ways to install the
version from Ubuntu 18.04, which still works perfectly on 20.04. Either via
just downloading the 2 deb packages, or via `apt pinning` from the previous
repository. Ubuntu removed the package [as seen here][8] because it's not
in the current debian development release, due to debian removing all python 2
packages and their dependencies. IMHO that's stupid, but that is a discussion
for another time. The author of Pygopherd in the [bug report says he is
working on a python 3 port][9], but as of now it's not in 20.04.

Here is a screenshot of the [Castor][4] browser showing my Ubuntu 20.04 server
serving gopher pages via pygopherd:

![castor][7].

 Recently I removed all Google Ads from this site due to their invasive tracking, as well as Google Analytics. Please, if you found this content useful, consider a small donation using any of the options below: <a href="https://leafnode.nl">I'm developing an open source monitoring app called Leaf Node Monitoring, for windows, linux & android. Go check it out!</a> <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/RaymiiOrg/">Consider sponsoring me on Github. It means the world to me if you show your appreciation and you'll help pay the server costs.</a> <a href="https://www.digitalocean.com/?refcode=7435ae6b8212">You can also sponsor me by getting a Digital Ocean VPS. With this referral link you'll get $100 credit for 60 days. </a> 

Pygopherd is a gopher server written in python, as the name suggests. I use it
to provide this [website over gopher][1] as well as over http. I've even written
[a log analyzer to get some statistics][2] for pygopherd. Gopher is a protocol
predating 'the web', a simple document (mostly text only) oriented protocol, which
has seen a resurgence as of the last years because people are not happy with the
current state of 'the web'. See also [Gemini][3].

I recently came across [Castor][4], a graphical client for Gopher and Gemini,
for Linux, Windows and Mac OS X. Lynx is nice, but new shiny stuff is also fun
to play with.

### .deb packages

The easiest one off way is to just grab the `.deb` packages from Ubuntu 18.04,
both [pygopherd][5] and [python-simpletal][6]. Download the files from the
two links to your server and use the following command to install them:

dpkg -i python-simpletal*.deb
dpkg -i pygopherd*.deb

You might also need python2:

apt install python2
apt -f install

Start the server up and you're ready to go on port 70:

systemctl enable pygopherd
systemctl restart pygopherd

Since it's just two packages without complicated dependencies this route is fine.
If you want to use apt and also receive updates to this package, you might want
to consider the next method (pinning).

### apt pinning

Apt (the package manager) provides a way to handle multiple repositories that
provide the same packages, named pinning. You add all the repositories, the one
for the current ubuntu version is the default with the highest priority (all
the packages will come from there by default), and all the packages you want
from other repositories you add to a configuration file.

Lets gets started. Add the Ubuntu 18.04 repositories to your 20.04 `sources.list`:

vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gopher.list

Choose a mirror you like, I used this one close to me. Both our packages are
in `universe`, therefore I just add that, not the rest of the repo's:

deb http://ams3.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb http://ams3.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe

**Do not apt update yet!**.

Add a preferences file in which we tell apt to only install pygopherd from
this older repository:

vim /etc/apt/preferences.d/gopher.pref

Add the following:

Package: *
Pin: release n=focal
Pin-Priority: -10

Package: pygopherd
Pin: release n=bionic
Pin-Priority: 500

The topmost block tells apt to use the default 20.04 (focal) repositories for all
packages, the last blocks tell apt to use the older repository for our specific
package.

Check that the system does not know about pygoherd yet:

apt-cache policy pygopherd

Output:

N: Unable to locate package pygopherd

You can now update the apt cache:

apt update

Afterwards, check that apt now knows about it in the repo:

apt-cache policy pygopherd

Output:

pygopherd:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 2.0.18.5
Version table:
2.0.18.5 500
500 http://ams3.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

You can now use apt to install pygopherd:

apt install pygopherd

The python dependency will be installed as well:

The following NEW packages will be installed:
pygopherd python-simpletal

Thats all there is to this method. The advantage is that you use the package
manager for everything and also receive updates if they ever arrive.

[1]: /s/blog/Site_updates_raymii.org_now_on_gopher.html
[2]: /s/software/Simple_pygopherd_log_analyzer.html
[3]: https://gemini.circumlunar.space/
[4]: https://git.sr.ht/~julienxx/castor
[5]: https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic/pygopherd
[6]: https://packages.ubuntu.com/bionic/python-simpletal
[7]: /s/inc/img/castor.png
[8]: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pygopherd/+publishinghistory
[9]: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=937449

---

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