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List of countries by intentional homicide rate

2022-02

Wikipedia list article

most populous countries are shown in blue.[1] (2020) The 25 countries with the highest intentional homicide rates are generally less populous countries. Rates of the 25populous countries are shown in blue.(2020)

The list of countries by UNODC homicide rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 100,000 individuals per year; thus, a mortality rate of 30 (out of 100,000) in a population of 100,000 would mean 30 deaths per year in that entire population, or 0.03% out of the total.[2][3] The reliability of underlying national murder rate data may vary.[4] Only UNODC data is used in the main table below.[2] In some cases it is not as up to date as other sources. See farther down as to why its data is used over other sources.

Research suggests that intentional homicide demographics are affected by changes in trauma care, leading to changed lethality of violent assaults, so the intentional homicide rate may not necessarily indicate the overall level of societal violence.[5] They may also be under-reported for political reasons.[6][7][page needed]

A study undertaken by the Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development estimated that there were approximately 490,000 intentional homicides in 2004. The study estimated that the global rate was 7.6 intentional homicides per 100,000 inhabitants for 2004.[8] UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) reported a global average intentional homicide rate of 6.2 per 100,000 population for 2012 (in their report titled "Global Study on Homicide 2013").[10] UNODC calculated a rate of 6.9 in 2010.[11]

Definition [ edit ]

The class of violent deaths documented in this article is intentional killing of others outside of war. Deaths occurring during situations of civil unrest are a grey area.

Intentional homicide is defined by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in its Global Study on Homicide report thus:

Within the broad range of violent deaths, the core element of intentional homicide is the complete liability of the direct perpetrator, which thus excludes killings directly related to war or conflicts, self-inflicted death (suicide), killings due to legal interventions or justifiable killings (such as self-defence), and those deaths caused when the perpetrator was reckless or negligent but did not intend to take a human life (non-intentional homicide).

Though some discrepancies exist in how specific categories of intentional killings are classified, the definitions used by countries to record data are generally close to the UNODC definition, making the homicide rates highly comparable at the international level. UNODC uses the homicide rate as a proxy for overall violence, as this type of crime is one of the most accurately reported and internationally comparable indicators.[14]

Figures from the Global Study on Homicide are based on the UNODC Homicide Statistics dataset, which is derived from the criminal justice or public health systems of a variety of countries and territories.[15] The homicide rates derived from criminal justice data (typically recorded by police authorities) and the public health system data (recorded when the cause of death is established) may diverge substantially for some countries. The two sources usually match in the Americas, Europe and Oceania, but there are large discrepancies for the three African countries reporting both sources. For the 70 countries in which neither source was made available, figures were derived from WHO statistical models.

Deaths resulting from an armed conflict between states are never included in the count. Killings caused by a non-international armed conflict may or may not be included, depending on the intensity of hostilities and whether it is classified as 'civil unrest' or a clash between organized armed groups.

UNODC's global study [ edit ]



> 20

15 to 20

10 to 14.9

5 to 9.9

1.5 to 4.9

1 to 1.4

< 1

Data unavailable Map of countries by their most recent intentional homicide rate ( per 100,000 people) available in 2021.

All data in this section comes from the Statistics Online website of the Research and Analysis Branch of UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime).[2][3]

By region [ edit ]

By country, region, or dependent territory [ edit ]

The regions and subregions in the table are based on the United Nations geoscheme since the table sources are United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) reports.[2]

There is a total yearly count of homicides for each country. Rates are calculated per 100,000 inhabitants.

* indicates "Crime in COUNTRY or SUBNATIONAL AREA" links.

Source abbreviations explained [ edit ]

Source abbreviations explained Abbreviation Source ABSP Anuario Brasileiro de Seguranca Publica AG Attorney General CTS United Nations Surveys on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (UN-CTS) DMDB European Detailed Mortality Database (DMDB) DPKO Department of Peacekeeping Operations (UN) EUR Eurostat FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation GEN User Generated GEO Gender Equality Observatory for Latin America and the Caribbean GHD Estimate Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx, IHME) GOV Government IHME Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation INTP International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO; Interpol) JP Judicial police MD World Health Organization Mortality Database MNS Ministry of National Security MNTH United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) MOH Ministry of Health MOI Ministry of Interior MOJ Ministry of Justice MSCO United Nations Stabilization Mission in the DR Congo (MONUSCO) NBHW National Board of Health and Welfare NCCP National Council for Crime Prevention NGO Non-governmental Organization NIFM National Institute of Forensic Medicine NP National Police NSO National Statistical Organization OAS Organization of American States (OAS) OCAVI Observatorio Centroamericano sobre Violencia (OCAVI) PAHO Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) PPR Public Prosecution RIC Regional System of Standardized Indicators in Peaceful Coexistence and Citizen Security (IDB) RSC Research Center SDG Sustainable Development Goals SES Sistema Regional de Indicadores Estandarizados en Convivencia y Seguridad Ciudadana (SES) SO Statistical Organization TSMNEE Transformative Monitoring for Enhanced Equity (TransMonEE) UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) UNMIT United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT) UNMIL United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) UNSDC UNODC Special Data Collection VAL Validated WHO World Health Organization (WHO) WPP World Population Prospects 2017 Adjusted Obtained based on an adjusted value from an external source Attempt Indicates that the data may include attempted homicides _N Indicates data obtained in the 2017 search for external sources CTS_N Indicates that the disaggregation was partially or completely updated with data from the CTS 2017

United Nations geoscheme region names [ edit ]

The United Nations geoscheme world map below uses the region names used in the UNODC data source. These are also the regional names used in the main table higher up.

Other studies [ edit ]

A 2020 study by InSight Crime found that Honduras had the highest homicide rate in Latin America and the Caribbean, while Venezuela had the second highest rate.[21]

See also [ edit ]

Notes [ edit ]

^ Global Study on Homicide 2013) is used to reference the major region rates and counts: Americas, Africa, World, Europe, Oceania, Asia. Figures 1.1 and 1.2 (pages 21 and 22) have exact rates and counts for those major regions. Look for page numbers on the bottom right corner of pages, and ignore the incorrect page numbers provided by your PDF reader. The PDF has a methodological annex (pages 109-120) and a statistical annex (pages 121-151). The statistical annex has detailed charts for homicide counts and rates by country with data from 2000–2012. Map 7.2 on page 112 is a world map showing the homicide count for each country or territory. Page 21 states estimated total intentional homicides of 437,000 worldwide in 2012. Figure 1.3 on page 23 is a bar chart of homicide rates for the subregions. Figure 1.16 on page 34 shows timeline graphs by subregion. The report does not list exact rate numbers for them. Subregion counts are also not found in the report, but may be calculated by manually totaling the counts for each country in a subregion. The old 2014 UNODC PDF full report ) is used to reference the major region rates and counts: Americas, Africa, World, Europe, Oceania, Asia. Figures 1.1 and 1.2 (pages 21 and 22) have exact rates and counts for those major regions. Look for page numbers on the bottom right corner of pages, and ignore the incorrect page numbers provided by your PDF reader. The PDF has a methodological annex (pages 109-120) and a statistical annex (pages 121-151). The statistical annex has detailed charts for homicide counts and rates by country with data from 2000–2012. Map 7.2 on page 112 is a world map showing the homicide count for each country or territory. Page 21 states estimated total intentional homicides of 437,000 worldwide in 2012. Figure 1.3 on page 23 is a bar chart of homicide rates for the subregions. Figure 1.16 on page 34 shows timeline graphs by subregion. The report does not list exact rate numbers for them. Subregion counts are also not found in the report, but may be calculated by manually totaling the counts for each country in a subregion.

References [ edit ]

Sources [ edit ]
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[1] URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_intentional_homicide_rate
[2] URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

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