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Subject: The INTERNET CRUCIBLE v3.1 - "The FARNet Papers"
Date: Thu, 14 Mar 91 08:05:26 PST
From: The Internet Crucible <[email protected]>
INTERNET CRUCIBLE                                                 SMTP EDITION
March, 1990                                                 Volume 3 : Issue 1

  In this issue:
       - "The FARNet Papers"

  THE CRUCIBLE is a moderated forum for the discussion of Internet issues.
  Contributions received by the moderator are stripped of all identifying
  headers and signatures and forwarded to a panel of reviewers.  Materials
  approved for publication will appear in THE CRUCIBLE without attribution.
  This policy encourages consideration of ideas solely on their intrinsic
  merit, free from the influences of authorship, funding sources and
  organizational affiliations.

  The INTERNET CRUCIBLE is an eleemosynary publication of Geoff Goodfellow.

Mail contributions/requests for reprints to:     [email protected]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

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/rightx                 exch def
/leftx                  exch def
/y      0 y transform
round exch round exch itransform exch pop def
color _Gray?
{color setgray}{color aload pop
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/AD_SomethingOnPage true def
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{       /here save def
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/y              exch def
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/AD_SomethingOnPage     true def
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{       /here save def
/draftflag exch def
/shadowflag exch def
/y2 exch def    /x2 exch def
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AD_PointsToUCS 2 div setlinewidth
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x2 y1 moveto
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{       /here save def
/lw exch def
/y2 exch def    /x2 exch def
/y1 exch def    /x1 exch def
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round exch round exch itransform /y1 exch def /x1 exch def
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Black setgray
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/AD_fontscale   exch AD_PointsToUCS mul def
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/AD_fontname    exch def
AD_fontname findfont
[ AD_fontscaleX 0 0 AD_fontscale neg 0 0 ] makefont
setfont
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AD_fontname findfont
[ AD_fontscaleX 0 0 AD_fontscale neg 0 0 ]
[ 1 0
AD_ObliqueAngle
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AD_solidfont
AD_fontscaleX AD_PointsToUCS div
AD_fontscale AD_PointsToUCS div _ActivateFont
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AD_OLShadOffset AD_fontscaleX mul AD_OLShadOffset AD_fontscale mul translate
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/_ShadowScreen
{
100 AD_PrevScreen 1 get AD_PrevScreen 2 get setscreen
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/_ShadowColor
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{ dup _White?
{pop 1
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{_ShadeColor
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/_ShadeColor
{
/AldusTint .2 def
aload pop {PREGISCOLOR}{PCOLOR}ifelse
/AldusTint 1 def
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/_Gray?
{
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findcmykcustomcolor
AD_NonSepPat
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def
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AldusDict2 /AD_Overprint get
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{
4{dup -1 eq{pop 0}if 4 1 roll}repeat setcmykcolor
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/findcmykcustomcolor
{
5 /packedarray where
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/setcustomcolor
{
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{4 index mul 4 1 roll
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/setcmykcolor
{
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/customcolorimage
{
pop image
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/separationimage
{
image
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/setseparationgray
{
setgray
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dup 5 -1 roll sub 0 _Max exch
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2 copy lt
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pop
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/_OLSmearOffset
{
AD_OLSmearFact AD_fontscaleX mul AD_OLSmearFact AD_fontscale mul
}       bdef
/_BoldSmearOffset
{
AD_BoldSmearFact AD_fontscaleX mul AD_BoldSmearFact AD_fontscale mul translate
}       bdef
/_StrikeThruWidth
{
AD_fontscale 16 div
}       bdef
/_iand
{       and 0 ne
}       bdef
/FTRENAME {
dup (|______) exch ftMakeName cvn /NewName local
FontDirectory NewName known
{pop}
{cvn findfont dup
maxlength dict false copyDict
dup /FontName known
{dup /FontName NewName put} if
NewName exch definefont pop
} ifelse
} bdef
/FTRECODE {
dup (|______) exch ftMakeName cvn /NewName local
FontDirectory NewName known
{pop}
{cvn findfont dup
maxlength dict false copyDict
dup /FontName known
{dup /FontName NewName put} if
dup /Encoding MacEncoding put
NewName exch definefont pop
} ifelse
} bdef
/AD_encode_vector_size  256 def
/AD_encode_vector       null    def
/AD_doing_recoding false def
/BEG_RECODE
{
dup (|______) exch ftMakeName cvn /NewName local
FontDirectory NewName known
{
pop
/AD_doing_recoding false def
/AD_encode_vector null def
}
{cvn findfont dup
maxlength dict false copyDict
dup /FontName known
{dup /FontName NewName put} if
/AD_encode_vector AD_encode_vector_size array def
dup begin Encoding AD_encode_vector copy pop end
dup /Encoding AD_encode_vector put
NewName exch definefont pop
/AD_doing_recoding true def
AD_encode_vector
dup
} ifelse
} bdef
/ENCODE_CHAR
{
AD_doing_recoding
{
put
dup
}
{
pop
pop
} ifelse
} bdef
/END_RECODE
{
AD_doing_recoding
{
pop
pop
} if
/AD_doing_recoding false def
/AD_encode_vector null def
} bdef
/FTOUTLINE {
ReENCODED FTOLINE
} bdef
/FTOLINE {
/AD_fontbits exch def
cvn /OlineName local
dup /AD_solidfont exch def
AD_solidfont FontDirectory exch known not
{ AD_solidfont ReENCODED AD_fontbits _iand _AutoRecode } if
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{pop}
{cvn findfont dup
maxlength 2 add dict true copyDict
dup /FontName known
{dup /FontName OlineName put} if
dup /PaintType 2 put
dup /StrokeWidth AD_OutlineWidth put
OlineName exch definefont pop
} ifelse
} bdef
/AD_nameString1 66 string def
/ftMakeName {
1 index length /PrefixLen local
dup length PrefixLen add AD_nameString1 exch 0 exch getinterval
dup PrefixLen 4 -1 roll putinterval
dup 0 4 -1 roll putinterval
} bdef
/copyDict {
/NoUnique local
begin
{ 1 index /FID ne
NoUnique
{2 index /UniqueID ne and} if
{ def } { pop pop } ifelse
} forall
currentdict
end
} bdef
/MacEncoding 256 array def
MacEncoding 0
/Times-Roman findfont /Encoding get
0 128 getinterval
putinterval
MacEncoding 16#27 /quotesingle put
MacEncoding 16#60 /grave put
/Adieresis /Aring /Ccedilla /Eacute /Ntilde /Odieresis /Udieresis /aacute
/agrave /acircumflex /adieresis /atilde /aring /ccedilla /eacute /egrave
/ecircumflex /edieresis /iacute /igrave /icircumflex /idieresis /ntilde /oacute
/ograve /ocircumflex /odieresis /otilde /uacute /ugrave /ucircumflex /udieresis
/dagger /degree /cent /sterling /section /bullet /paragraph /germandbls
/registersans /copyrightsans /trademarksans /acute /dieresis /notequal /AE /Oslash
/infinity /plusminus /lessequal /greaterequal /yen /mu /partialdiff /summation
/product /pi /integral /ordfeminine /ordmasculine /Omega /ae /oslash
/questiondown /exclamdown /logicalnot /radical /florin /approxequal /Delta /guillemotleft
/guillemotright /ellipsis /space /Agrave /Atilde /Otilde /OE /oe
/endash /emdash /quotedblleft /quotedblright /quoteleft /quoteright /divide /lozenge
/ydieresis /Ydieresis /fraction /currency /guilsinglleft /guilsinglright /fi /fl
/daggerdbl /periodcentered /quotesinglbase /quotedblbase /perthousand
/Acircumflex /Ecircumflex /Aacute
/Edieresis /Egrave /Iacute /Icircumflex /Idieresis /Igrave /Oacute /Ocircumflex
/apple /Ograve /Uacute /Ucircumflex /Ugrave /dotlessi /circumflex /tilde
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MacEncoding 128 128 getinterval astore pop
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/AFONT
{
gsave
/FName local
/BMFSize local
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/FirstChar local
/DefChar LastChar FirstChar sub 2 mul def
20 dict dup
begin
10 1 roll
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/OWTableLen local
/BMRowLen local
/PixelHeight local
/FontWidth local
/MaxWidth local
/MaxKern local
/Descent local
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/Bits BMRowLen PixelHeight mul string currentfile exch readhexstring pop def
/LocTable LocTableLen string currentfile exch readhexstring pop def
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/FontType 3 def
/FontMatrix matrix def
/FontBBox[MaxKern Descent neg MaxWidth MaxKern add Ascent]def
/Encoding 256 array def
Encoding 0 MacEncoding 0 256 getinterval putinterval
/Mummble 257 array def
0 1 256{Mummble exch DefChar put}for
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{
BuildCharDict
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/1Char local
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FDict /Mummble get 1Char get /2Char local
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16#FF 8 ShiftVal sub
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BitWidth ShiftVal add 7 add 8 idiv
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/ByteWidth local
BitLoc 8 idiv
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FDict /OWTable get 2Char get cvi /Offset local
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Charwidth 0 BMFSize divPoint
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FDict /PixelHeight get
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{
FDict /Bits get WhichRow
ByteWidth getinterval
CharBitStr copy /ThisRow local
16#100
ByteWidth 1 sub 1 neg 0
{       /iV local
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dup BMask and RemShift bitshift
3 1 roll ShiftVal bitshift
add 16#FF and
cvi ThisRow iV 3 -1 roll put
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/SquareCap 2 const
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/BevelJoin 2 const
/Black 0 const
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/Narrow 1 const
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AD_DeviceScale mul round AD_DeviceScale div
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AD_PointsToUCS 4 div
AD_DeviceScale mul deviceRound dup 1.5 lt
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Black setgray
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/LineWidth  AD_PointsToUCS var
/LineHeight AD_PointsToUCS var
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AldusDict2 /PatternShade known not
{
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/PREGISCOLOR
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pop AD_NonSepPat
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setseparationgray pop pop pop
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PatternShade
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PatternShade setgray
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{ 0.774 20 45 {vertLines} sPat }
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transform
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x1 y1 LineHeight add lineto
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{
x1 y1 moveto
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x2 LineWidth add
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x2 y2 LineHeight add lineto
x1 y1 LineHeight add lineto
x1 y1 lineto
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closepath eofill
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PictPostScript
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moveto lineto
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{
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LineWidth 1 le LineHeight 1 le and
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LineWidth x1 x2 lt
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PHAIRWIDTH newpath
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here restore
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/PHAIRLINE
{
count 4 gt
{
newpath PHAIRWIDTH
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stroke
}
{ HairRect }
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/PHANGLINE
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roundPoint /yb exch def /xr exch def
roundPoint /yt exch def /xl exch def
deviceRound /delta exch def
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newpath
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/PCURVETO
{
curveto
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/PMOVETO
{
moveto
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/PRECT{newpath pLRAdj exchPoint pULAdj exchPoint boxPath}bdef
/PRRECT { pLRAdj /Botts locPoint pULAdj /Tops locPoint
currentlinewidth dup subPoint /Diams locPoint
newpath SaveMatrix currentmatrix pop
Botts Tops subPoint /Sides locPoint
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/Diams locPoint
Diams 2 div /YRad local
0 gt
{Diams exch pop
0 eq
{1}
{Diams div}
ifelse
}
{1}ifelse 1 /PRRscale locPoint
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0 359 false pArc closepath
SaveMatrix setmatrix}bdef
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/DoingArc true assign
false pArc
SaveMatrix setmatrix }bdef
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/DoingWedge true assign
true pArc closepath
SaveMatrix setmatrix }bdef
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dup 0 lt{360 add}if}bdef
/pArc{/Fill local
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pULAdj /PUL locPoint
360 BegAng ArcAng add sub 90 add modAdj /StartAng local
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PLR PUL subPoint 2 divPoint /Rad locPoint
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PRotateSave restore
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grestore
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/FontDict 9 dict def
FontDict begin
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FontDict begin
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setcharwidth
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ptm astore setmatrix
pathbbox
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str show
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grestore
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end end
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grestore
_Patternfill
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SquareCap setlinecap
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AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke
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/AldusDone AldusVersion def
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(3. Use of networks) 18 3 378 OUT
262 505 -0.0034 0.0000
(4. Execution - "doing things") 29 4 584 OUT
1767 505 0.0000 -0.0029
(17) 2 0 50 OUT
262 565 -0.0106 0.0000
(5. Establishing stable funding base) 35 4 696 OUT
1792 565 0.0000 0.0000
(2) 1 0 25 OUT
262 625 0.0097 0.0000
(6. Reducing divisiveness) 24 2 499 OUT
262 685 -0.0038 0.0000
(7. Seeking commitment among ops providers) 41 5 908 OUT
262 745 0.0001 0.0000
(8. Making FARNET's opinion re operational issues known) 54 7 1175 OUT
1767 745 0.0000 -0.0029
(11) 2 0 50 OUT
262 805 0.0234 0.0000
(9. Providing leadership) 23 2 465 OUT
1792 805 0.0000 0.0000
(5) 1 0 25 OUT
262 865 -0.0010 0.0000
(10. Responsiveness to member needs) 34 4 746 OUT
1792 865 0.0000 0.0000
(3) 1 0 25 OUT
262 925 0.0012 0.0000
(11. Identify issues, achieve consensus, communicate externally) 62 6 1265 OUT
262 985 -0.0082 0.0000
(12. Developing models for inter-organizational relationships) 60 5 1211 OUT
262 1045 0.0196 0.0000
(13. Promoting sharing of information resources) 46 5 950 OUT
1767 1045 0.0000 -0.0029
(14) 2 0 50 OUT
262 1105 -0.0035 0.0000
(14. Sponsoring specific projects) 32 3 641 OUT
1792 1105 0.0000 0.0000
(1) 1 0 25 OUT
262 1165 0.0172 0.0000
(15. Expanding membership to RBOCs, carriers, etc.) 49 6 1041 OUT
1792 1165 0.0000 0.0000
(1) 1 0 25 OUT
262 1225 0.0478 0.0000
(16. Building visibility) 23 2 440 OUT
1792 1225 0.0000 0.0000
(5) 1 0 25 OUT
262 1285 -0.0039 0.0000
(17.  Merging and/or affiliating with other organizations) 56 7 1108 OUT
1792 1285 0.0000 0.0000
(2) 1 0 25 OUT
262 1345 -0.0108 0.0000
(18. Avoiding diffuseness) 24 2 501 OUT
262 1405 -0.0085 0.0000
(19. Avoiding disenfranchisement of have-nots) 44 4 926 OUT
1817 1405 0.0000 0.0000
(1) 1 0 25 OUT
262 1465 0.0065 0.0000
(20. Matching organizational structure to its goals) 50 6 982 OUT
262 1525 0.0061 0.0000
(21. Commissioning specific projects) 35 3 730 OUT
262 1585 -0.0276 0.0000
(22. Following through) 21 2 449 OUT
262 1645 -0.0513 0.0000
(23. Permanent staff) 19 2 390 OUT
1817 1645 0.0000 0.0000
(4) 1 0 25 OUT
262 1705 0.0034 0.0000
(24. Involving decision makers from regionals) 44 5 911 OUT
262 1765 0.0015 0.0000
(25. Discussing issues of interest to decision makers; becoming decision-making organization) 91 10 1859 OUT
262 1825 -0.0074 0.0000
(26. Expanding membership to state networks) 42 5 902 OUT
262 1885 -0.0090 0.0000
(27. Foster competitiveness - no monopoly) 40 5 841 OUT
262 1945 0.0195 0.0000
(28. Perform clearing house function) 35 4 721 OUT
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(7.) 2 0 44 OUT
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(Is there anyone besides the representatives to F) 48 7 1064 OUT
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(your phone number) 17 2 457 OUT
754 1412 -0.0332 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
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(If your or) 10 2 209 OUT
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(ganization has written materials on your future plans or suggestions for the future) 83 12 1817 OUT
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(of F) 4 1 96 OUT
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(ARNet would you please send them to us?  Our mailing address is above.) 70 13 1717 OUT
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(If you have any questions concerning this questionnaire or project, please let us know by) 89 14 2025 OUT
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(E-mail.) 7 0 173 OUT
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(W) 1 0 55 OUT
1270 1912 -1.7706 0.0000
(e look forward to discussing these issues with) 46 7 1055 OUT
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(you in January at the F) 23 5 533 OUT
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(W) 1 0 55 OUT
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(oting Results) 13 1 322 OUT
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1083 392 0.0099 0.0000
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225 512 0.6823 0.0000
(Since dif) 9 1 210 OUT
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(ferent regionals and groups of regionals have dif) 49 7 1137 OUT
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(ferent financial and technical) 30 3 681 OUT
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(interests,  consensus is infrequent. Consequently) 49 5 1157 OUT
1378 582 4.9599 0.0000
(, F) 3 1 67 OUT
1441 582 4.9599 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1634 582 4.9599 0.0000
( is unable to function and) 26 5 616 OUT
225 652 10.7277 0.0000
(disbands.  Other or) 19 3 476 OUT
700 652 10.7277 0.0000
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225 722 -2.1610 0.0000
(networking issues, research, and higher education, but they are less ef) 71 10 1606 OUT
1830 722 -2.1610 0.0000
(fective since there) 19 2 420 OUT
225 792 -4.7321 0.0000
(is less consensus in these communities.   NSF and other government agencies are funding) 87 14 2025 OUT
225 862 -0.4478 0.0000
(institutions and researchers directly;  appropriate use requirements are eliminated.  ) 86 11 1935 OUT
2159 862 -0.4478 0.0000
(The) 3 0 91 OUT
225 932 -6.4953 0.0000
(phone companies do not complain about these networks carrying commercial traf) 77 10 1837 OUT
2061 932 -6.4953 0.0000
(fic since) 9 1 189 OUT
225 1002 9.5703 0.0000
(their fiber and switches are being used.  NSF funds R&D ef) 58 11 1498 OUT
1722 1002 9.5703 0.0000
(forts for multi-gigabit) 23 2 528 OUT
225 1072 -2.2541 0.0000
(networks with grants to Principal Investigators.  ) 50 7 1118 OUT
1342 1072 -2.2541 0.0000
(The lar) 7 1 165 OUT
1506 1072 -2.2541 0.0000
(ge demand for service by a wide) 31 6 744 OUT
225 1142 -4.2477 0.0000
(constituency has led to financially healthy mid-level and regional networks without need) 88 11 2025 OUT
225 1212 0.0331 0.0000
(for direct government subsidies.) 32 3 752 OUT
SURSTR
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(g.) 2 0 44 OUT
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(W) 1 0 55 OUT
275 1572 -5.4312 0.0000
(e have been hired by F) 22 5 502 OUT
774 1572 -5.4312 0.0000
(ARNet to assist the or) 22 4 493 OUT
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(ganization to develop a vision for the future) 45 7 984 OUT
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(of F) 4 1 98 OUT
318 1642 1.9208 0.0000
(ARNet and a strategic plan for attaining that vision.  ) 55 10 1255 OUT
1572 1642 1.9208 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
1623 1642 1.9208 0.0000
(e seek your help.  F) 20 5 466 OUT
2085 1642 1.9208 0.0000
(ARNet) 5 0 165 OUT
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(members will hold a meeting in January in Las ) 46 9 1097 OUT
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(V) 1 0 42 OUT
1357 1712 -1.3557 0.0000
(egas to consider the future of F) 32 6 717 OUT
2070 1712 -1.3557 0.0000
(ARNet.) 6 0 180 OUT
225 1782 -0.4300 0.0000
(At that meeting we will present several alternative visions of the future of F) 78 13 1762 OUT
1982 1782 -0.4300 0.0000
(ARNet.  ) 8 2 208 OUT
2189 1782 -0.4300 0.0000
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
2221 1782 -0.4300 0.0000
(o) 1 0 29 OUT
225 1852 3.8748 0.0000
(develop these alternative visions, or endstates, we would like to know your views on) 84 13 2025 OUT
225 1922 -0.0953 0.0000
(several issues.) 15 1 334 OUT
225 2042 -6.0854 0.0000
(The responses to this questionnaire will help us construct several alternative visions of the) 93 13 2025 OUT
225 2112 -6.4228 0.0000
(future climate for networking, the role\(s\) of the regional networks, and F) 74 11 1628 OUT
1849 2112 -6.4228 0.0000
(ARNet's function) 16 1 401 OUT
225 2182 -2.0619 0.0000
(in these circumstances, among other issues.  Please note that we are not putting together) 89 14 2025 OUT
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(a forecast or predicting the future.  Instead, to understand the potential role, mission, and) 93 14 2025 OUT
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(strategies for F) 16 2 368 OUT
588 2322 8.9553 0.0000
(ARNet, we have structured these survey questions to elicit opinions) 67 9 1662 OUT
225 2392 -0.1164 0.0000
(concerning the dynamics of the research and education networking community and the) 82 11 2025 OUT
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(regional networksU) 18 1 437 OUT
658 2462 -1.7546 0.0000
( place in it.  ) 15 5 280 OUT
934 2462 -1.7546 0.0000
(Also, we are not seeking confidential information and no) 56 8 1316 OUT
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(one will be quoted with attribution.) 36 5 823 OUT
225 2652 -0.0058 0.0000
(Please answer the following questions as fully or as succinctly as you desire.) 78 12 1790 OUT
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(1.) 2 0 44 OUT
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(Is there a particular view of the role and function of regional networks that you can) 85 15 1858 OUT
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(characterize as your or) 23 3 565 OUT
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(ganization's \(or your personal\) "prevailing wisdom"?) 52 5 1295 OUT
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(Please explain being as specific as possible about functions of the regional) 76 11 1858 OUT
392 2982 0.0000 -0.0072
(networks.) 9 0 228 OUT
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(f, but under the direction of the relevant NOC.  Service level standards vary) 77 13 1738 OUT
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(among the network providers, and hence among the regionals.  ) 61 10 1471 OUT
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(ficulty) 7 0 152 OUT
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(in resolving problems that involve several network providers and NOCs.  Management) 82 11 2025 OUT
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(of end-to-end reliability and higher layer applications exists only on campuses and within) 90 12 2025 OUT
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(some of the stronger regionals.  NTTF) 37 6 870 OUT
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(, CAUSE, and other or) 21 4 514 OUT
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(ganizations are lobbying the) 28 3 646 OUT
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(network providers to implement a common approach to network and system management) 81 11 2025 OUT
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(based on OSFU) 13 2 347 OUT
643 762 -0.0104 0.0000
(s DME or similar technology) 27 4 680 OUT
1320 762 -0.0104 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
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(9.1.5.3.) 8 0 175 OUT
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(NIC/Customer Services/Marketing:) 32 1 831 OUT
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(NIC and customer services are handled on a regional basis.  No one is implementing white) 88 15 2025 OUT
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(and yellow page directory services nationally) 45 5 1032 OUT
1328 1072 -5.1586 0.0000
(.  Some of the stronger regionals and several) 45 8 997 OUT
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(coalitions of regionals build directory services that cover only their members.  ) 81 12 1759 OUT
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(These same) 10 1 267 OUT
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(alliances or individual regionals fund and operate separate NICs and provide substantial) 88 11 2025 OUT
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(documentation, education, and training. Each of these NICs also provides marketing) 82 10 2025 OUT
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(support for their regionals, including brochures and documentation.   ) 70 10 1624 OUT
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(The ever) 8 1 206 OUT
2127 1352 0.3768 0.0000
(-popular) 8 0 198 OUT
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(RResources on the Internet GuideS remains a project of BBN;  the RInternet ) 75 13 1776 OUT
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(Accessible) 10 0 253 OUT
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(LibrariesS list is distributed by LISTSER) 41 5 928 OUT
1223 1492 -5.9437 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
1264 1492 -5.9437 0.0000
( and some of the NICs.  Special Interest Groups) 47 9 1061 OUT
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(\(af) 3 0 65 OUT
364 1562 6.3161 0.0000
(finity groups\) have sprung up, but they usually reflect the heroic ef) 69 11 1631 OUT
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(forts of a few) 14 3 331 OUT
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(individuals and receive little or no support from connected institutions or the regionals.) 90 12 2025 OUT
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(There are no special funding programs to support the smaller and less advantaged) 80 12 2025 OUT
300 1772 0.0025 0.0000
(educational institutions.  ) 27 3 586 OUT
885 1772 0.0025 0.0000
(The disparity between the RhavesS and Rhave notsS increases.) 60 8 1433 OUT
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(9.1.5.4.) 8 0 175 OUT
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(T) 1 0 36 OUT
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(echnology:) 10 0 259 OUT
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(T3 has become inexpensive; the RBOCs and IXCs have moved to much higher bandwidths) 82 13 2025 OUT
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(using SONET) 11 1 330 OUT
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(.  SMDS is just being phased in by some public carriers.  ) 58 13 1349 OUT
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(The concept of) 14 2 351 OUT
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(backbone disappears, as multiple providers market ubiquitous connectivity at ) 77 9 1858 OUT
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(T3 and) 6 1 168 OUT
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(higher speeds.  ) 16 3 345 OUT
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(V) 1 0 42 OUT
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(isualization and full-motion video applications are driving up bandwidth) 72 8 1643 OUT
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(requirements, but funding these applications remains problematic.  ) 67 8 1587 OUT
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(The East and ) 13 3 325 OUT
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(W) 1 0 55 OUT
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(est) 3 0 65 OUT
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(coasts, and the supercomputer sites are connected via multi-gigabit test networks with) 86 11 2025 OUT
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(funds provided by NSF) 21 3 521 OUT
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(.  ) 3 2 29 OUT
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(This network carries some of the advanced video and visualization) 65 9 1481 OUT
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(applications.  ) 15 2 314 OUT
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(T) 1 0 36 OUT
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(o keep pace with demand, ) 25 5 593 OUT
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(ANS and others provides significant investment) 46 5 1091 OUT
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(funds for upgrading the regional networks to ) 45 7 1023 OUT
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(T3 and beyond.  ) 16 4 374 OUT
1693 2572 -4.8923 0.0000
(ANS wants to assume some) 24 4 632 OUT
300 2642 -2.0053 0.0000
(of the traditional roles of the IAB and IETF;  the lack of consensus prevents progress on) 89 16 2025 OUT
300 2712 2.4626 0.0000
(the IP address space problem.  Privacy Enhanced Mail is implemented where needed.) 81 12 2025 OUT
300 2782 -7.2916 -0.5606
(Digital signatures, optional encryption of FTP) 46 5 1013 OUT
1311 2782 -7.2916 -0.5606
( and ) 5 2 96 OUT
1406 2782 -7.2916 -0.5606
(TELNET) 6 0 217 OUT
1622 2782 -7.2916 -0.5606
( sessions, and the authentication) 33 4 703 OUT
300 2852 -0.2898 0.0000
(of users and devices are being implemented;  Not without controversy) 68 10 1633 OUT
1929 2852 -0.2898 0.0000
(, ) 2 1 29 OUT
1955 2852 -0.2898 0.0000
(ANS acts as the) 15 3 370 OUT
300 2922 6.8554 0.0000
(central registry) 16 1 358 OUT
654 2922 6.8554 0.0000
(.  Multiprotocol routers are implemented in the national and regional) 69 10 1671 OUT
300 2992 -2.7472 0.0000
(networks.  ) 11 2 252 OUT
549 2992 -2.7472 0.0000
(ANS develops network management applications based on SNMP) 58 7 1528 OUT
2075 2992 -2.7472 0.0000
( and CMIP) 9 2 250 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(9.1.4.5.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 272 0.0099 0.0000
(Role of F) 9 2 220 OUT
891 272 0.0099 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1083 272 0.0099 0.0000
(:) 1 0 16 OUT
225 392 -0.8582 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
253 392 -0.8582 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
446 392 -0.8582 0.0000
( remains an incorporated, but lar) 33 5 754 OUT
1199 392 -0.8582 0.0000
(gely informal user group that meets quarterly) 45 6 1051 OUT
225 462 -3.7235 0.0000
(to share information and discuss networking issues.  Its members consist of the regionals) 89 13 2025 OUT
225 532 8.2541 0.0000
(plus interested carriers.  F) 28 4 637 OUT
858 532 8.2541 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1051 532 8.2541 0.0000
( leaves the political and lobbying ef) 37 6 882 OUT
1932 532 8.2541 0.0000
(forts to other) 14 2 318 OUT
225 602 0.9471 0.0000
(or) 2 0 49 OUT
273 602 0.9471 0.0000
(ganizations that have more experience and  well established, homogeneous constitu-) 82 10 1977 OUT
225 672 0.8934 0.0000
(encies.  Representatives from EDUCOM, CAUSE, ) 45 6 1209 OUT
1431 672 0.8934 0.0000
(ARL, ) 5 1 147 OUT
1574 672 0.8934 0.0000
(ALA, and the K-12 constitu-) 27 4 676 OUT
225 742 -4.7024 0.0000
(ency are invited to serve on the F) 34 7 743 OUT
964 742 -4.7024 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1157 742 -4.7024 0.0000
( Board in order to establish formal linkages with) 49 8 1093 OUT
225 812 12.7811 0.0000
(these or) 8 1 196 OUT
420 812 12.7811 0.0000
(ganizations.  ) 14 2 335 OUT
751 812 12.7811 0.0000
(An informal advisory panel of computer vendors and phone) 56 8 1499 OUT
225 882 -4.7820 0.0000
(companies is also established.  F) 33 5 737 OUT
958 882 -4.7820 0.0000
(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
1169 882 -4.7820 0.0000
(s operating budget is very modest.  ) 36 7 796 OUT
1961 882 -4.7820 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
2000 882 -4.7820 0.0000
( very small) 11 2 250 OUT
225 952 -1.7623 0.0000
(executive staf) 14 1 320 OUT
544 952 -1.7623 0.0000
(f is maintained in ) 19 4 414 OUT
958 952 -1.7623 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
1008 952 -1.7623 0.0000
(ashington DC for liaison with other or) 38 6 880 OUT
1887 952 -1.7623 0.0000
(ganizations and) 15 1 363 OUT
225 1022 9.9287 0.0000
(to provide minimal services that are lar) 40 6 973 OUT
1197 1022 9.9287 0.0000
(gely related to the or) 22 4 522 OUT
1718 1022 9.9287 0.0000
(ganizing the quarterly) 22 2 532 OUT
225 1092 2.8626 0.0000
(meetings. ) 10 1 243 OUT
467 1092 2.8626 0.0000
(The meetings provide a significant amount of information to member or) 69 10 1710 OUT
2176 1092 2.8626 0.0000
(ga-) 3 0 74 OUT
225 1162 4.7178 0.0000
(nizations and an opportunity for identifying issues and discussing concerns, but with) 85 11 2025 OUT
225 1232 -6.9251 0.0000
(representatives from most of the fifty states it is dif) 55 9 1131 OUT
1355 1232 -6.9251 0.0000
(ficult to reach consensus and all activity) 42 6 895 OUT
225 1302 0.0104 0.0000
(depends on the volunteer ef) 27 4 645 OUT
869 1302 0.0104 0.0000
(forts of an increasingly disparate membership.) 46 5 1082 OUT
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317 1422 0.1872 0.0000
(9.1.5. ) 7 1 146 OUT
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(E:  F) 5 2 123 OUT
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582 1422 0.1872 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
785 1009 1422 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
785 1422 0.1872 0.0000
( is Caput) 9 2 224 OUT
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(9.1.5.1.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 1542 0.0717 0.0000
(Inter) 5 0 110 OUT
784 1542 0.0717 0.0000
(-regional Connectivity:) 23 1 543 OUT
225 1662 -4.8365 0.0000
(Congress fails to pass the NREN bill.  Nevertheless, IP-based networks grow much faster) 87 13 2025 OUT
225 1732 -0.0483 0.0000
(than had been expected in the early 1990s. F) 44 8 1038 OUT
1259 1732 -0.0483 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1452 1732 -0.0483 0.0000
( members are unable to agree on a) 33 7 798 OUT
225 1802 -4.4554 0.0000
(common strategy) 15 1 399 OUT
620 1802 -4.4554 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 35 OUT
652 1802 -4.4554 0.0000
(ANS  reaches agreement on pricing models with some of the regionals) 67 11 1598 OUT
225 1872 -5.1604 0.0000
(and state networks.  ) 21 4 457 OUT
679 1872 -5.1604 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
715 1872 -5.1604 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
827 1872 -5.1604 0.0000
(, Sprint, and the RBOCs attract the remaining regionals.  ) 58 10 1285 OUT
2111 1872 -5.1604 0.0000
(These) 5 0 139 OUT
225 1942 -7.2916 -0.2945
(or) 2 0 48 OUT
272 1942 -7.2916 -0.2945
(ganizations also provide connectivity to of commercial and non-commercial information) 85 9 1978 OUT
225 2012 0.6902 0.0000
(service providers.  Sprint has the lionU) 40 6 893 OUT
1115 2012 0.6902 0.0000
(s share of IP) 13 3 292 OUT
1405 2012 0.6902 0.0000
( connections between ) 21 3 519 OUT
1921 2012 0.6902 0.0000
(American and) 12 1 329 OUT
225 2082 -1.8524 0.0000
(European research and education IP) 34 4 831 OUT
1054 2082 -1.8524 0.0000
( networks, while ) 17 3 396 OUT
1447 2082 -1.8524 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1483 2082 -1.8524 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
1599 2082 -1.8524 0.0000
( connects the ) 14 3 314 OUT
1909 2082 -1.8524 0.0000
(Asian rim.  ) 12 3 270 OUT
2175 2082 -1.8524 0.0000
(All) 3 0 75 OUT
225 2152 -6.0605 0.0000
(but a few of the regionals outsource operations.  In 1994, ) 59 11 1279 OUT
1501 2152 -6.0605 0.0000
(ANS and others began to provide) 31 5 749 OUT
225 2222 2.8365 0.0000
(connectivity among the regionals at speeds above ) 49 7 1191 OUT
1415 2222 2.8365 0.0000
(T3 using SONET) 14 2 414 OUT
1825 2222 2.8365 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 49 OUT
1873 2222 2.8365 0.0000
(Throughput and) 14 1 377 OUT
225 2292 -3.6194 0.0000
(response times for interactive work remain adequate.  ) 54 8 1236 OUT
1460 2292 -3.6194 0.0000
(The regionals have all upgraded to) 34 5 790 OUT
225 2362 -6.8985 0.0000
(T3 and higher speeds.  Most member institutions have migrated to FDDI II as their campus) 88 15 2025 OUT
225 2432 0.1365 0.0000
(backbone protocol.  ) 20 3 477 OUT
698 2432 0.1365 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
737 2432 0.1365 0.0000
( few leading institutions have moved to much higher bandwidths) 62 9 1513 OUT
225 2502 2.7415 0.0000
(using SONET) 11 1 332 OUT
552 2502 2.7415 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 49 OUT
598 2502 2.7415 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
637 2502 2.7415 0.0000
( few of the smaller institutions are still running 10 megabit Ethernet) 70 11 1613 OUT
225 2572 0.0000 0.0059
(internally) 10 0 224 OUT
445 2572 0.0000 0.0059
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
375 2692 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.5.2.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 2692 0.0196 0.0000
(Network Management:) 19 1 539 OUT
225 2812 2.8943 0.0000
(Each of the IP network operators establishes a NOC that provides 7x24 coverage and) 82 13 2025 OUT
225 2882 -7.2916 -0.0066
(minimum service levels for network availability and throughput.  Some network operators) 87 11 2025 OUT
225 2952 3.3594 0.0000
(extend service level maintenance ef) 35 4 846 OUT
1070 2952 3.3594 0.0000
(forts from the multiple inter) 29 4 665 OUT
1733 2952 3.3594 0.0000
(-regional connectivity) 22 1 517 OUT
225 3022 -0.5594 0.0000
(networks down to the campus level.  ) 36 7 864 OUT
1086 3022 -0.5594 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1125 3022 -0.5594 0.0000
( few campuses have also contracted out network) 46 7 1125 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(tivity network down to the campus level.  ) 42 8 1031 OUT
1327 272 5.9153 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1366 272 5.9153 0.0000
( few campuses have also contracted out) 38 6 959 OUT
300 342 -5.6227 0.0000
(network management, with local problem resolution handled by campus or regional staf) 84 11 1992 OUT
2291 342 -5.6227 0.0000
(f,) 2 0 34 OUT
300 412 3.2237 0.0000
(but under the direction of ) 27 5 624 OUT
920 412 3.2237 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
956 412 3.2237 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
1072 412 3.2237 0.0000
( and the NOC.  Service level standards are relatively) 53 9 1253 OUT
300 482 -4.6335 0.0000
(uniform among the state networks; consequently) 46 5 1112 OUT
1409 482 -4.6335 0.0000
(, most network problems are local rather) 40 6 916 OUT
300 552 -4.0264 0.0000
(than regional or national.  ) 28 5 595 OUT
894 552 -4.0264 0.0000
(The NOC is managing transport only; no one is managing end-) 59 10 1431 OUT
300 622 0.0034 0.0000
(to-end connectivity and distributed applications.) 49 4 1126 OUT
450 742 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.4.3.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 742 0.0605 0.0000
(NIC/Customer Services/Marketing:) 32 1 831 OUT
300 862 -2.1892 0.0000
(Following competitive bids BBN wins the contract for NIC services, customer services,) 85 11 2025 OUT
300 932 2.6723 0.0000
(and marketing in support of the state and regional networks.  Using NREN funds and) 82 14 2025 OUT
300 1002 -3.7055 0.0000
(income from the state networks, the NIC provides substantial documentation, education,) 86 10 2025 OUT
300 1072 1.1073 0.0000
(and training; it also provides a national user services hotline for information regarding) 89 12 2025 OUT
300 1142 0.9174 0.0000
(network services.  ) 19 3 440 OUT
739 1142 0.9174 0.0000
(The NIC also provides marketing support , including brochures and) 65 9 1586 OUT
300 1212 -1.6462 0.0000
(documentation.  ) 16 2 387 OUT
686 1212 -1.6462 0.0000
(The  RResources on the Internet GuideS is put in the public domain and) 70 13 1639 OUT
300 1282 -3.6005 0.0000
(the RInternet ) 14 2 300 OUT
597 1282 -3.6005 0.0000
(Accessible LibrariesS list is  taken over by the BBN-run NIC.  ) 63 12 1423 OUT
2017 1282 -3.6005 0.0000
(As part of the) 14 3 308 OUT
300 1352 -2.4162 0.0000
(NREN funding agreement, BBN is leading the ef) 45 7 1130 OUT
1429 1352 -2.4162 0.0000
(fort, now well underway) 23 3 566 OUT
1991 1352 -2.4162 0.0000
(, to implement) 14 2 334 OUT
300 1422 0.0249 0.0000
(national white and yellow page directory services using X.500 managed from the NIC.) 83 12 2025 OUT
300 1492 0.5163 0.0000
(Funded with small grants from the NIC, Special Interest Groups \(af) 66 10 1581 OUT
1880 1492 0.5163 0.0000
(finity groups\) have) 19 2 445 OUT
300 1562 -2.9143 0.0000
(sprung up and assist people and or) 34 6 786 OUT
1085 1562 -2.9143 0.0000
(ganizations with shared interests to make better use of) 55 8 1240 OUT
300 1632 0.3637 0.0000
(the network and its resources.  ) 32 6 726 OUT
1025 1632 0.3637 0.0000
(The Department of Education provides direct grants for) 54 7 1300 OUT
300 1702 -0.0036 0.0000
(funding the smaller and less advantaged educational institutions.) 65 7 1506 OUT
450 1822 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.4.4.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 1822 0.0000 0.0076
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
782 1822 0.0000 0.0076
(echnology:) 10 0 259 OUT
300 1942 -0.3260 0.0000
(Bandwidth is inexpensive; the RBOCs and IXCs have implemented higher bandwidths) 79 10 2025 OUT
300 2012 -5.6745 0.0000
(using SONET) 11 1 323 OUT
622 2012 -5.6745 0.0000
( and SMDS protocols.  ) 22 5 519 OUT
1140 2012 -5.6745 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
1179 2012 -5.6745 0.0000
(isualization and full-motion video applications are) 51 5 1146 OUT
300 2082 3.6445 0.0000
(driving up bandwidth requirements on campus, regional, and national networks.  ) 79 11 1935 OUT
2234 2082 3.6445 0.0000
(The) 3 0 91 OUT
300 2152 0.6979 0.0000
(concept of backbone disappears, as ) 35 5 839 OUT
1136 2152 0.6979 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1172 2152 0.6979 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
1287 2152 0.6979 0.0000
( and the RBOCs provide ubiquitous connec-) 41 6 1038 OUT
300 2222 10.3612 0.0000
(tivity at ) 10 2 215 OUT
514 2222 10.3612 0.0000
(T3 to half-gigabit and higher speeds.  ) 39 7 960 OUT
1473 2222 10.3612 0.0000
(The East and ) 13 3 350 OUT
1822 2222 10.3612 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
1873 2222 10.3612 0.0000
(est coasts, and the) 19 3 452 OUT
300 2292 8.4524 0.0000
(supercomputer sites are connected via multi-gigabit speed test networks with funds) 82 10 2025 OUT
300 2362 1.5786 0.0000
(provided by the NREN bill.  ) 28 6 685 OUT
984 2362 1.5786 0.0000
(The NREN bill provides significant investment funds for) 55 7 1341 OUT
300 2432 2.6112 0.0000
(upgrading the state networks to ) 32 5 760 OUT
1059 2432 2.6112 0.0000
(T3 and beyond.  ) 16 4 404 OUT
1462 2432 2.6112 0.0000
(The role of the IAB and IETF in the) 35 8 863 OUT
300 2502 -3.5023 0.0000
(evolution of Internet technology is under attack by the RBOCs and IXCs, who ar) 78 13 1843 OUT
2142 2502 -3.5023 0.0000
(gue that) 8 1 183 OUT
300 2572 -5.1306 0.0000
(this process should be lead by more formal standards or) 55 9 1255 OUT
1553 2572 -5.1306 0.0000
(ganizations, such as NIST) 25 3 594 OUT
2143 2572 -5.1306 0.0000
(.  In part) 10 3 182 OUT
300 2642 0.7026 0.0000
(because the IP address space is rapidly being exhausted, OSI is becoming increasingly) 85 12 2025 OUT
300 2712 13.4401 0.0000
(prevalent.  Privacy Enhanced Mail is implemented where needed.  Standards are) 77 11 2025 OUT
300 2782 8.8323 0.0000
(published as RFCs for digital signatures, optional encryption of FTP) 68 9 1677 OUT
1975 2782 8.8323 0.0000
( and ) 5 2 131 OUT
2105 2782 8.8323 0.0000
(TELNET) 6 0 220 OUT
300 2852 0.5519 0.0000
(sessions, and the authentication of users and devices, but implementation is slow since) 87 12 2025 OUT
300 2922 0.6599 0.0000
(vendors are waiting to see the outcome of the dispute on who should set the standards.) 86 15 2025 OUT
300 2992 0.1614 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
336 2992 0.1614 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
451 2992 0.1614 0.0000
( of) 3 1 63 OUT
514 2992 0.1614 0.0000
(fers to act as the central registry) 35 6 746 OUT
1256 2992 0.1614 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
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(9.1.3.5.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 272 0.0099 0.0000
(Role of F) 9 2 220 OUT
891 272 0.0099 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1083 272 0.0099 0.0000
(:) 1 0 16 OUT
225 392 0.5598 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
253 392 0.5598 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
446 392 0.5598 0.0000
( voting members are the state networks and the few remaining regionals;  the) 76 13 1804 OUT
225 462 -0.7653 0.0000
(IXCs, RBOCs, ) 13 2 361 OUT
583 462 -0.7653 0.0000
(ANS, PSI, and ) 14 3 356 OUT
936 462 -0.7653 0.0000
(AlterNet are non-voting associates.  F) 38 5 881 OUT
1812 462 -0.7653 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
2005 462 -0.7653 0.0000
( leaves the) 11 2 245 OUT
225 532 -1.4145 0.0000
(political and lobbying ef) 25 3 568 OUT
792 532 -1.4145 0.0000
(forts to other or) 17 3 360 OUT
1151 532 -1.4145 0.0000
(ganizations that have more experience and well) 46 6 1099 OUT
225 602 -1.0711 0.0000
(established constituencies.  Representatives from EDUCOM, CAUSE, ) 65 7 1654 OUT
1876 602 -1.0711 0.0000
(ARL, ) 5 1 145 OUT
2018 602 -1.0711 0.0000
(ALA, and) 8 1 232 OUT
225 672 1.4691 0.0000
(the K-12 constituency are invited to serve as outside directors on F) 68 11 1576 OUT
1797 672 1.4691 0.0000
(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
2007 672 1.4691 0.0000
(s Board in) 10 2 243 OUT
225 742 -4.5028 0.0000
(order to establish formal linkages with these or) 48 7 1065 OUT
1289 742 -4.5028 0.0000
(ganizations.  F) 15 2 333 OUT
1618 742 -4.5028 0.0000
(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
1828 742 -4.5028 0.0000
(s operating budget) 18 2 422 OUT
225 812 -5.4595 0.0000
(has increased exponentially but is now leveling of) 50 7 1130 OUT
1354 812 -5.4595 0.0000
(f as the growth required to establish and) 41 7 896 OUT
225 882 3.8605 0.0000
(operate the NIC and the NOC has been accomplished.  More than half of F) 71 14 1802 OUT
2022 882 3.8605 0.0000
(ARNET's) 7 0 228 OUT
225 952 -6.4655 0.0000
(funding comes from the Department of Education and NSF under the NREN bill and other) 84 14 2025 OUT
225 1022 -0.7160 0.0000
(programs; the rest comes from its member \(mostly state\) networks.  ) 67 11 1586 OUT
1810 1022 -0.7160 0.0000
(The NIC and NOC) 15 3 440 OUT
225 1092 -0.0093 0.0000
(are co-located to realize economies of scale.) 45 6 1031 OUT
SURSTR
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317 1212 0.3313 0.0000
(9.1.4. ) 7 1 146 OUT
SURSTR
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/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
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463 1212 0.3313 0.0000
(D:  F) 5 2 127 OUT
586 790 1212 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
586 1212 0.3313 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
789 987 1212 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
789 1212 0.3313 0.0000
( as User) 8 2 198 OUT
986 1072 1212 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
986 1212 0.3313 0.0000
( Gr) 3 1 86 OUT
1071 1165 1212 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
1071 1212 0.3313 0.0000
(oup) 3 0 94 OUT
SURSTR
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375 1332 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.4.1.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 1332 0.0717 0.0000
(Inter) 5 0 110 OUT
784 1332 0.0717 0.0000
(-regional Connectivity:) 23 1 543 OUT
225 1452 4.1229 0.0000
(Significant lobbying ef) 23 2 546 OUT
770 1452 4.1229 0.0000
(forts by EDUCOM's NTTF) 22 3 653 OUT
1418 1452 4.1229 0.0000
(, the K-12 constituency) 23 3 557 OUT
1971 1452 4.1229 0.0000
(, the library) 13 2 279 OUT
225 1522 11.5214 0.0000
(community) 9 0 266 OUT
487 1522 11.5214 0.0000
(, and others results in passage of a robust NREN bill.  ) 56 12 1405 OUT
1891 1522 11.5214 0.0000
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
1922 1522 11.5214 0.0000
(o prevent the) 13 2 328 OUT
225 1592 -2.8372 0.0000
(Department of Ener) 18 2 457 OUT
681 1592 -2.8372 0.0000
(gy from being the lead agency) 29 5 694 OUT
1371 1592 -2.8372 0.0000
(, the revised compromise bill funded a) 38 6 879 OUT
225 1662 -5.3207 0.0000
(network in each state to serve research, education, and government.  Except in California,) 90 13 2025 OUT
225 1732 14.2543 0.0000
(the regionals lar) 17 2 404 OUT
628 1732 14.2543 0.0000
(gely disappeared and were replaced by the state-based networks.) 63 8 1622 OUT
225 1802 3.3558 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
253 1802 3.3558 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
446 1802 3.3558 0.0000
( became an or) 13 3 336 OUT
781 1802 3.3558 0.0000
(ganization of state-based networks.  ) 37 5 869 OUT
1649 1802 3.3558 0.0000
(The NREN bill mandates) 22 3 601 OUT
225 1872 -1.9639 0.0000
(competitive bids for inter) 26 3 585 OUT
809 1872 -1.9639 0.0000
(-regional and inter) 19 2 427 OUT
1235 1872 -1.9639 0.0000
(-state connectivity and for national NIC and) 44 6 1015 OUT
225 1942 12.3500 0.0000
(NOC services.  ) 15 3 406 OUT
630 1942 12.3500 0.0000
(The Department of Education, designated lead department by the) 62 8 1620 OUT
225 2012 -2.5879 0.0000
(legislation, awards the contract to a ) 38 6 825 OUT
1047 2012 -2.5879 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1083 2012 -2.5879 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
1194 2012 -2.5879 0.0000
(-led consortium that includes several RBOCs.) 44 5 1056 OUT
225 2082 0.4854 0.0000
(Sprint has the lionU) 20 3 447 OUT
669 2082 0.4854 0.0000
(s share of IP) 13 3 291 OUT
958 2082 0.4854 0.0000
( connections between ) 21 3 518 OUT
1473 2082 0.4854 0.0000
(American and European research) 30 3 777 OUT
225 2152 4.6252 0.0000
(and education IP) 16 2 401 OUT
624 2152 4.6252 0.0000
( networks, while ) 17 3 416 OUT
1036 2152 4.6252 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1072 2152 4.6252 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
1188 2152 4.6252 0.0000
( connects the ) 14 3 333 OUT
1517 2152 4.6252 0.0000
(Asian rim.  Unable to increase) 30 5 733 OUT
225 2222 -4.1828 0.0000
(market share, ) 14 2 320 OUT
542 2222 -4.1828 0.0000
(ANS, PSI and ) 13 3 331 OUT
870 2222 -4.1828 0.0000
(AlterNet fail.  ) 16 3 328 OUT
1196 2222 -4.1828 0.0000
(The Department of Education and NSF agrees) 42 6 1054 OUT
225 2292 -2.1092 0.0000
(to connecting commercial services \(including commercial-to-commerical\).  Most of the) 84 9 2025 OUT
225 2362 -0.4948 0.0000
(state networks have upgraded to SONET) 37 5 952 OUT
1176 2362 -0.4948 0.0000
( speeds beyond ) 15 3 369 OUT
1544 2362 -0.4948 0.0000
(T3.  Most member institutions) 29 4 706 OUT
225 2432 6.5084 0.0000
(have implemented FDDI II as their campus backbone protocol; some of the smaller) 79 12 2025 OUT
225 2502 7.1208 0.0000
(institutions are still running 10 megabit Ethernet internally) 61 7 1419 OUT
1640 2502 7.1208 0.0000
(, although FDDI is being) 24 4 610 OUT
225 2572 -0.0053 0.0000
(implemented with Dept. of Education funds \(earmarked by the NREN bill\).) 71 10 1762 OUT
375 2692 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.4.2.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 2692 0.0196 0.0000
(Network Management:) 19 1 539 OUT
225 2812 -1.9367 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
261 2812 -1.9367 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
376 2812 -1.9367 0.0000
( assumed responsibility for running the inter) 45 6 1022 OUT
1397 2812 -1.9367 0.0000
(-regional and inter) 19 2 427 OUT
1823 2812 -1.9367 0.0000
(-state connectivity) 19 1 427 OUT
225 2882 -5.4686 0.0000
(network and the NOC.  ) 22 5 530 OUT
754 2882 -5.4686 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
807 2882 -5.4686 0.0000
(ith NREN funding, ) 18 3 444 OUT
1247 2882 -5.4686 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1283 2882 -5.4686 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
1398 2882 -5.4686 0.0000
( and the state networks establish 7x24) 38 6 852 OUT
225 2952 -6.4356 0.0000
(coverage and minimum service levels for network availability and performance including) 86 10 2025 OUT
225 3022 0.9934 0.0000
(response time.  Consequently) 28 3 690 OUT
911 3022 0.9934 0.0000
(, service levels are managed  from the inter) 44 8 1014 OUT
1924 3022 0.9934 0.0000
(-state connec-) 14 1 326 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(Page 43) 7 1 133 OUT
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850 3163 -0.0103 0.0000
(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 272 -5.1224 0.0000
(inter) 5 0 107 OUT
406 272 -5.1224 0.0000
(-regional connectivity network down to the campus level.  ) 58 9 1327 OUT
1730 272 -5.1224 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1769 272 -5.1224 0.0000
( few campuses have also) 23 4 556 OUT
300 342 -2.3368 0.0000
(contracted out network management to the NOC, with local problem resolution handled) 83 11 2025 OUT
300 412 -2.6061 0.0000
(by campus or regional staf) 26 4 608 OUT
907 412 -2.6061 0.0000
(f, but under the direction of the NOC.  Service level standards) 63 11 1418 OUT
300 482 -0.7290 0.0000
(are relatively uniform among the state networks; consequently) 61 7 1451 OUT
1747 482 -0.7290 0.0000
(, most network problems) 23 3 578 OUT
300 552 -2.1095 0.0000
(are local rather than regional or national.  Based on OSFU) 58 10 1315 OUT
1612 552 -2.1095 0.0000
(s DME, F) 8 2 224 OUT
1832 552 -2.1095 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
2025 552 -2.1095 0.0000
( and the state) 14 3 300 OUT
300 622 0.2232 0.0000
(and campus network operators are implementing management of end-to-end reliability) 82 9 2025 OUT
300 692 0.0032 0.0000
(and higher layer applications.) 30 3 690 OUT
450 812 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.3.3.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 812 0.0605 0.0000
(NIC/Customer Services/Marketing:) 32 1 831 OUT
300 932 -1.1055 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
328 932 -1.1055 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
521 932 -1.1055 0.0000
( also undertakes NIC services, customer services, and marketing in support of) 77 11 1804 OUT
300 1002 -4.1492 0.0000
(the state and regional networks.  Using NREN funds and income from members, the NIC) 83 14 2025 OUT
300 1072 0.3361 0.0000
(provides substantial documentation, education, and training; it also provides a national) 88 10 2025 OUT
300 1142 -3.5223 0.0000
(user services hotline for information regarding network services.  ) 67 9 1507 OUT
1806 1142 -3.5223 0.0000
(The NIC also provides) 21 3 519 OUT
300 1212 8.1094 0.0000
(marketing support , including brochures and documentation.  ) 60 8 1503 OUT
1800 1212 8.1094 0.0000
(As part of the NREN) 19 4 525 OUT
300 1282 3.8918 0.0000
(funding agreement, F) 20 2 508 OUT
804 1282 3.8918 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
997 1282 3.8918 0.0000
( is leading the ef) 18 4 401 OUT
1397 1282 3.8918 0.0000
(fort, now well underway) 23 3 585 OUT
1979 1282 3.8918 0.0000
(, to implement) 14 2 346 OUT
300 1352 -7.2916 -0.1314
(national white and yellow page directory services managed from the NIC.  ) 73 12 1657 OUT
1956 1352 -7.2916 -0.1314
(The  RResources) 15 2 369 OUT
300 1422 2.6610 0.0000
(on the Internet GuideS and RInternet ) 37 6 874 OUT
1171 1422 2.6610 0.0000
(Accessible LibrariesS lists are taken over as NIC) 49 7 1154 OUT
300 1492 -1.1962 0.0000
(publications and integrated with the yellow pages directory service.  Funded with small) 87 12 2025 OUT
300 1562 -2.3870 0.0000
(grants from the NIC, Special Interest Groups \(af) 48 7 1111 OUT
1409 1562 -2.3870 0.0000
(finity groups\) have sprung up and assist) 40 6 916 OUT
300 1632 -1.0588 0.0000
(people and or) 13 2 315 OUT
614 1632 -1.0588 0.0000
(ganizations with shared interests to make better use of the network and its) 75 12 1711 OUT
300 1702 -0.2799 0.0000
(resources.  ) 12 2 263 OUT
562 1702 -0.2799 0.0000
(The Department of Education provides direct grants for funding the smaller) 74 10 1763 OUT
300 1772 -2.1905 0.0000
(and less advantaged educational institutions which increases both the political clout and) 89 11 2025 OUT
300 1842 -0.0032 0.0000
(the economic viability of the state based network or) 52 8 1208 OUT
1507 1842 -0.0032 0.0000
(ganizations.) 12 0 280 OUT
450 1962 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.3.4.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 1962 0.0000 0.0076
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
782 1962 0.0000 0.0076
(echnology:) 10 0 259 OUT
300 2082 -3.3442 0.0000
(Open systems continue to spread in most Universities.  ) 55 9 1266 OUT
1565 2082 -3.3442 0.0000
(The Open Software Foundation's) 30 3 760 OUT
300 2152 -4.3882 0.0000
(Distributed Computing Environment and Distributed Management Environment \(DME\)) 78 7 2025 OUT
300 2222 1.8677 0.0000
(are popular with vendors, including DEC, HP) 43 6 1077 OUT
1371 2222 1.8677 0.0000
(, and IBM, and users in the research and) 40 8 954 OUT
300 2292 8.9916 0.0000
(higher education communities.  SunU) 35 4 896 OUT
1193 2292 8.9916 0.0000
(s ONC is also popular) 21 4 551 OUT
1741 2292 8.9916 0.0000
(.  Independent Software) 23 3 584 OUT
300 2362 -0.1177 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
336 2362 -0.1177 0.0000
(endors \(ISVs\) provide a variety of network and system management applications that) 82 11 1989 OUT
300 2432 -6.9159 0.0000
(work in the DME.  ) 18 5 419 OUT
718 2432 -6.9159 0.0000
(T3 has become inexpensive; the RBOCs and IXCs are moving to higher) 66 11 1607 OUT
300 2502 1.8734 0.0000
(bandwidths using SONET) 22 2 616 OUT
912 2502 1.8734 0.0000
(.  Multiprotocol routers are implemented in the national and) 60 9 1413 OUT
300 2572 9.3809 0.0000
(regional networks.  ) 20 3 491 OUT
790 2572 9.3809 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
829 2572 9.3809 0.0000
(isualization and full-motion video applications are driving up) 62 7 1496 OUT
300 2642 -3.5859 0.0000
(bandwidth requirements.  ) 25 3 598 OUT
897 2642 -3.5859 0.0000
(The multi-gigabit testbed remains a research and development) 60 7 1428 OUT
300 2712 3.1150 0.0000
(rather than a production environment.  Privacy Enhanced Mail is being implemented.) 82 11 2025 OUT
300 2782 -7.2916 -0.5606
(Digital signatures, optional encryption of FTP) 46 5 1013 OUT
1311 2782 -7.2916 -0.5606
( and ) 5 2 96 OUT
1406 2782 -7.2916 -0.5606
(TELNET) 6 0 217 OUT
1622 2782 -7.2916 -0.5606
( sessions, and the authentication) 33 4 703 OUT
300 2852 0.0855 0.0000
(of users and devices are being implemented;  F) 46 8 1099 OUT
1395 2852 0.0855 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1588 2852 0.0855 0.0000
( acts as the central registry) 29 5 621 OUT
2205 2852 0.0855 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
ENDPAGE
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786 3170 -0.0103 0.0000
(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
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(Draft 2/4/91) 12 1 205 OUT
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2088 147 0.0192 0.0000
(Page 42) 7 1 133 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 272 5.0119 0.0000
(for services based on IP networks.  NSF and other government agencies are funding) 81 13 2025 OUT
225 342 -3.3259 0.0000
(teachers and researchers directly so that appropriate use requirements can be eliminated;) 89 11 2025 OUT
225 412 6.0034 0.0000
(the phone companies do not complain since their fiber and switches are being used.) 82 13 2025 OUT
225 482 12.4598 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
253 482 12.4598 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
446 482 12.4598 0.0000
( then negotiates a comprehensive agreement with ) 48 7 1252 OUT
1695 482 12.4598 0.0000
(ANS for inter) 13 2 346 OUT
2039 482 12.4598 0.0000
(-regional) 9 0 211 OUT
225 552 0.2977 0.0000
(connectivity out-sourcing regional and mid-level network operations.  R&D ef) 76 9 1836 OUT
2060 552 0.2977 0.0000
(forts for) 9 1 190 OUT
225 622 -5.6585 0.0000
(multi-gigabit networks are funded by NSF with NREN funds granted directly to Principal) 86 12 2025 OUT
225 692 3.4025 0.0000
(Investigators and by surpluses generated by ) 44 6 1054 OUT
1276 692 3.4025 0.0000
(ANS from commercial traf) 24 3 640 OUT
1915 692 3.4025 0.0000
(fic.  ) 6 2 112 OUT
2026 692 3.4025 0.0000
(The lar) 7 1 170 OUT
2195 692 3.4025 0.0000
(ge) 2 0 55 OUT
225 762 8.3989 0.0000
(demand for service by a wide constituency has led to financially healthy mid-level) 82 12 2025 OUT
225 832 -5.7793 0.0000
(networks without need for direct government subsidies.  F) 57 8 1313 OUT
1534 832 -5.7793 0.0000
(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
1744 832 -5.7793 0.0000
(s operating budget has) 22 3 506 OUT
225 902 -1.5980 0.0000
(increased modestly as it has taken on new responsibilities at the request of the regionals) 90 14 2025 OUT
225 972 -0.5919 0.0000
(and mid-level networks.  ) 25 4 592 OUT
814 972 -0.5919 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
853 972 -0.5919 0.0000
( small executive staf) 21 3 476 OUT
1328 972 -0.5919 0.0000
(f is maintained in ) 19 4 419 OUT
1746 972 -0.5919 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
1796 972 -0.5919 0.0000
(ashington DC.  ) 15 3 364 OUT
2159 972 -0.5919 0.0000
(The) 3 0 91 OUT
225 1042 2.8626 0.0000
(NIC does some development work on a cooperative, shared resource basis with those) 81 12 2025 OUT
225 1112 -0.0060 0.0000
(regionals who have taken a lead in documentation, education, or) 63 9 1501 OUT
SURSTR
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317 463 1232 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
317 1232 -0.0062 0.0000
(9.1.3. ) 7 1 146 OUT
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/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
463 1420 1232 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
463 1232 -0.0062 0.0000
(C:  Operations and Customer Services) 36 5 957 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
375 1352 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.3.1.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 1352 0.0717 0.0000
(Inter) 5 0 110 OUT
784 1352 0.0717 0.0000
(-regional Connectivity:) 23 1 543 OUT
225 1472 -3.2156 0.0000
(The NREN bill is passed by Congress  as EDUCOMU) 47 9 1220 OUT
1442 1472 -3.2156 0.0000
(s NTTF) 6 1 180 OUT
1617 1472 -3.2156 0.0000
(, the K-12 lobby) 16 3 373 OUT
1986 1472 -3.2156 0.0000
(, the library) 13 2 264 OUT
225 1542 -5.6851 0.0000
(community) 9 0 266 OUT
487 1542 -5.6851 0.0000
(, and others work hard for its passage.  ) 41 9 864 OUT
1350 1542 -5.6851 0.0000
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
1381 1542 -5.6851 0.0000
(o keep the Department of Ener) 29 5 689 OUT
2069 1542 -5.6851 0.0000
(gy from) 7 1 181 OUT
225 1612 -5.3357 0.0000
(being the lead agency) 21 3 491 OUT
712 1612 -5.3357 0.0000
(, the revised compromise bill funded a network in each state to serve) 69 12 1538 OUT
225 1682 -7.2916 -0.7136
(research, education, and government.  Except in California, the regionals lar) 77 10 1650 OUT
1874 1682 -7.2916 -0.7136
(gely disappeared) 16 1 376 OUT
225 1752 2.3297 0.0000
(and were replaced by the state-based networks.  F) 49 8 1180 OUT
1401 1752 2.3297 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1594 1752 2.3297 0.0000
( became the or) 14 3 349 OUT
1942 1752 2.3297 0.0000
(ganization of) 13 1 308 OUT
225 1822 5.2358 0.0000
(state-based networks.  CREN fades away as its functions are taken over by the state) 83 14 2025 OUT
225 1892 -2.3516 0.0000
(networks.  ) 11 2 253 OUT
475 1892 -2.3516 0.0000
(ANS failed after it was unable to reach agreement on pricing models with the) 76 13 1775 OUT
225 1962 -4.0219 0.0000
(state and regional networks which became more financially viable due to NREN funding) 84 12 2025 OUT
225 2032 2.7783 0.0000
(and state support.  ) 20 4 450 OUT
674 2032 2.7783 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
727 2032 2.7783 0.0000
(ith state money) 15 2 362 OUT
1085 2032 2.7783 0.0000
(, F) 3 1 64 OUT
1145 2032 2.7783 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1338 2032 2.7783 0.0000
( then constructed an inter) 26 4 601 OUT
1938 2032 2.7783 0.0000
(-regional and) 13 1 312 OUT
225 2102 1.6734 0.0000
(inter) 5 0 107 OUT
331 2102 1.6734 0.0000
(-state connectivity network using commercially available circuits and technology) 80 8 1908 OUT
2235 2102 1.6734 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
225 2172 10.6734 0.0000
(Initially a ) 12 2 261 OUT
485 2172 10.6734 0.0000
(T3 network, speeds now approach the half-gigabit range using SONET) 66 9 1755 OUT
2235 2172 10.6734 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
225 2242 -4.1343 0.0000
(Encouraged by many of the lar) 29 5 700 OUT
924 2242 -4.1343 0.0000
(ge industrial states, the Department of Education and NSF) 57 8 1326 OUT
225 2312 -7.2916 -0.2146
(agree to connecting commercial services \(including commercial-to-commerical\) provided) 85 7 2025 OUT
225 2382 -5.8091 0.0000
(they pay significantly) 22 2 494 OUT
715 2382 -5.8091 0.0000
(, but justifiably higher rates than non-profit, research, and education) 71 9 1535 OUT
225 2452 1.0289 0.0000
(users.  Many of the state networks have upgraded to ) 52 10 1240 OUT
1464 2452 1.0289 0.0000
(T3 and higher speeds.  ) 23 5 546 OUT
2009 2452 1.0289 0.0000
(The lar) 7 1 168 OUT
2176 2452 1.0289 0.0000
(ger) 3 0 74 OUT
225 2522 -5.1372 0.0000
(member institutions have implemented FDDI II as their campus backbone protocol; most) 84 11 2025 OUT
225 2592 0.0093 0.0000
(of the smaller institutions are still running 10 megabit Ethernet internally) 76 10 1704 OUT
1925 2592 0.0093 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
375 2712 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.3.2.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 2712 0.0196 0.0000
(Network Management:) 19 1 539 OUT
225 2832 -7.2916 -0.2503
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
253 2832 -7.2916 -0.2503
(ARNET) 5 0 193 OUT
445 2832 -7.2916 -0.2503
( assumed responsibility for running the inter) 45 6 978 OUT
1422 2832 -7.2916 -0.2503
(-regional and inter) 19 2 411 OUT
1833 2832 -7.2916 -0.2503
(-state connectivity) 19 1 417 OUT
225 2902 -0.4465 0.0000
(network and the NOC.  ) 22 5 555 OUT
779 2902 -0.4465 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
832 2902 -0.4465 0.0000
(ith NREN funding, the NOC and the state networks establish) 58 9 1418 OUT
225 2972 3.9321 0.0000
(7x24 coverage and minimum service levels for network availability and performance) 81 10 2025 OUT
225 3042 1.2080 0.0000
(including response time.  Consequently) 38 4 927 OUT
1148 3042 1.2080 0.0000
(, quality assurance ef) 22 3 496 OUT
1643 3042 1.2080 0.0000
(forts are focused from the) 26 4 607 OUT
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(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 272 2.0728 0.0000
(on OSFU) 7 1 201 OUT
498 272 2.0728 0.0000
(s DME, ) 7 2 200 OUT
695 272 2.0728 0.0000
(ANS, the regionals, and campus network operators are implementing) 65 8 1630 OUT
300 342 0.0065 0.0000
(management of end-to-end reliability and higher layer applications.) 67 7 1574 OUT
450 462 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.2.3.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 462 0.0605 0.0000
(NIC/Customer Services/Marketing:) 32 1 831 OUT
300 582 0.0505 0.0000
(In addition to lobbying and coalition building, F) 49 7 1125 OUT
1420 582 0.0505 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1614 582 0.0505 0.0000
( concentrates on NIC services,) 30 4 711 OUT
300 652 9.7852 0.0000
(customer services, and marketing.  ) 35 5 873 OUT
1170 652 9.7852 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1209 652 9.7852 0.0000
( F) 2 1 57 OUT
1262 652 9.7852 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1455 652 9.7852 0.0000
( funded and operated NIC provides) 33 5 870 OUT
300 722 10.7068 0.0000
(substantial documentation, education, and training; it also provides a national user) 84 10 2025 OUT
300 792 6.3155 0.0000
(services hotline for information regarding network services.  ) 62 8 1477 OUT
1776 792 6.3155 0.0000
(The NIC also provides) 21 3 549 OUT
300 862 -2.7604 0.0000
(marketing support for the regionals, including brochures and documentation.   ) 78 11 1805 OUT
2104 862 -2.7604 0.0000
(The ever) 8 1 203 OUT
2306 862 -2.7604 0.0000
(-) 1 0 19 OUT
300 932 -0.0944 0.0000
(popular RResources on the Internet GuideS and RInternet ) 56 8 1331 OUT
1627 932 -0.0944 0.0000
(Accessible LibrariesS lists are) 31 3 698 OUT
300 1002 6.3681 0.0000
(incorporated in the national yellow pages.  Funded with small grants from the NIC,) 82 13 2025 OUT
300 1072 -7.2916 -0.4359
(Special Interest Groups \(af) 27 3 593 OUT
892 1072 -7.2916 -0.4359
(finity groups\) have sprung up and assist people and or) 54 9 1173 OUT
2064 1072 -7.2916 -0.4359
(ganizations) 11 0 261 OUT
300 1142 -5.0841 0.0000
(with shared interests to make better use of the network and its resources.  ) 76 14 1651 OUT
1949 1142 -5.0841 0.0000
(The Department) 14 1 376 OUT
300 1212 -6.3076 0.0000
(of Education provides funding for supporting the smaller and less advantaged educational) 88 11 2025 OUT
300 1282 0.0000 0.0077
(institutions.) 13 0 274 OUT
450 1402 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.2.4.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 1402 0.0000 0.0076
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
782 1402 0.0000 0.0076
(echnology:) 10 0 259 OUT
300 1522 -7.2916 -0.1290
(T3 has become inexpensive; the RBOCs and IXCs have moved to much higher bandwidths) 82 13 2025 OUT
300 1592 -2.9726 0.0000
(using SONET) 11 1 326 OUT
622 1592 -2.9726 0.0000
(.  SMDS is just being phased in by some public carriers.  ) 58 13 1301 OUT
1922 1592 -2.9726 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
1960 1592 -2.9726 0.0000
(isualization and) 16 1 365 OUT
300 1662 12.9756 0.0000
(full-motion video applications are driving up bandwidth requirements on campus,) 79 9 2025 OUT
300 1732 -1.9130 0.0000
(regional, and national networks.  ) 34 5 770 OUT
1069 1732 -1.9130 0.0000
(The concept of backbone disappears, as ) 39 6 930 OUT
1995 1732 -1.9130 0.0000
(ANS \(through) 12 1 330 OUT
300 1802 -7.0688 0.0000
(MCI\) provides ubiquitous connectivity at ) 41 5 945 OUT
1244 1802 -7.0688 0.0000
(T3 and higher speeds.  ) 23 5 506 OUT
1748 1802 -7.0688 0.0000
(The East and ) 13 3 298 OUT
2045 1802 -7.0688 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
2096 1802 -7.0688 0.0000
(est coasts,) 11 1 229 OUT
300 1872 4.2958 0.0000
(and the supercomputer sites are connected via multi-gigabit test networks with funds) 84 11 2025 OUT
300 1942 3.6423 0.0000
(provided by the NREN bill.  ) 28 6 697 OUT
996 1942 3.6423 0.0000
(The F) 5 1 141 OUT
1133 1942 3.6423 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1327 1942 3.6423 0.0000
( agreement with ) 16 3 401 OUT
1725 1942 3.6423 0.0000
(ANS provides significant) 24 2 600 OUT
300 2012 -1.4087 0.0000
(investment funds for upgrading the regional networks to ) 56 8 1317 OUT
1616 2012 -1.4087 0.0000
(T3 and beyond.  ) 16 4 388 OUT
2001 2012 -1.4087 0.0000
(ANS assumes) 11 1 324 OUT
300 2082 -3.5083 0.0000
(some of the traditional roles of the IAB and IETF;  Class D IP network licenses are given) 89 17 2025 OUT
300 2152 -2.2761 0.0000
(out.  Privacy Enhanced Mail is implemented where needed.  Digital signatures, optional) 86 12 2025 OUT
300 2222 -4.1365 0.0000
(encryption of FTP) 17 2 419 OUT
717 2222 -4.1365 0.0000
( and ) 5 2 105 OUT
821 2222 -4.1365 0.0000
(TELNET) 6 0 220 OUT
1041 2222 -4.1365 0.0000
( sessions, and the authentication of users and devices are) 58 9 1284 OUT
300 2292 14.2439 0.0000
(being implemented;  ) 20 3 537 OUT
834 2292 14.2439 0.0000
(ANS acts as the central registry) 32 5 808 OUT
1638 2292 14.2439 0.0000
(.  Multiprotocol routers are) 28 4 687 OUT
300 2362 -5.2861 0.0000
(implemented in the national and regional networks.  ) 52 8 1187 OUT
1484 2362 -5.2861 0.0000
(ANS develops network management) 31 3 841 OUT
300 2432 -0.0073 0.0000
(applications based on SNMP and CMIP that are put in the public domain.) 70 12 1719 OUT
450 2552 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.2.5.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 2552 0.0099 0.0000
(Role of F) 9 2 220 OUT
966 2552 0.0099 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1158 2552 0.0099 0.0000
(:) 1 0 16 OUT
300 2672 -6.1289 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
328 2672 -6.1289 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
521 2672 -6.1289 0.0000
( voting membership consists of the regional and state networks and connectivity) 79 11 1804 OUT
300 2742 5.2399 0.0000
(providers, such as the IXCs, RBOCs, ) 36 6 914 OUT
1211 2742 5.2399 0.0000
(ANS, PSI, and ) 14 3 374 OUT
1582 2742 5.2399 0.0000
(AlterNet.  F) 12 2 291 OUT
1868 2742 5.2399 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
2061 2742 5.2399 0.0000
( takes on a) 11 3 264 OUT
300 2812 1.9084 0.0000
(lobbying and advocacy role with respect to national networking issues and focuses on) 84 12 2025 OUT
300 2882 -7.2916 -0.3163
(customer services.  ) 20 3 432 OUT
731 2882 -7.2916 -0.3163
(T) 1 0 35 OUT
762 2882 -7.2916 -0.3163
(ogether with CNI, EDUCOM, ) 26 4 682 OUT
1441 2882 -7.2916 -0.3163
(ARL, ) 5 1 137 OUT
1574 2882 -7.2916 -0.3163
(ALA, CAUSE, and or) 18 3 489 OUT
2063 2882 -7.2916 -0.3163
(ganizations) 11 0 262 OUT
300 2952 -4.4147 0.0000
(representing bookstores, university presses, and scholarly publishers \(scholarly societies) 90 8 2025 OUT
300 3022 -5.0675 0.0000
(with a publishing program\), F) 29 4 678 OUT
974 3022 -5.0675 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1167 3022 -5.0675 0.0000
( is successful in coalescing an ever growing market) 51 8 1158 OUT
ENDPAGE
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786 3170 -0.0103 0.0000
(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
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217 150 0.0071 0.0000
(Draft 2/4/91) 12 1 205 OUT
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2088 147 0.0192 0.0000
(Page 40) 7 1 133 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 272 -4.7642 0.0000
(takes on an active coalition building and lobbying ef) 53 8 1187 OUT
1411 272 -4.7642 0.0000
(fort on behalf of national networking) 37 5 839 OUT
225 342 -0.3345 0.0000
(for the education and research community) 40 5 981 OUT
1203 342 -0.3345 0.0000
(.  Coalition partners include the Coalition for) 47 7 1047 OUT
225 412 1.9052 0.0000
(Network Information, ) 21 2 530 OUT
752 412 1.9052 0.0000
(ARL, ) 5 1 148 OUT
897 412 1.9052 0.0000
(ALA, EDUCOM, CAUSE, NTTF) 24 3 803 OUT
1695 412 1.9052 0.0000
(, and or) 8 2 180 OUT
1874 412 1.9052 0.0000
(ganizations rep-) 16 1 376 OUT
225 482 -4.1837 0.0000
(resenting bookstores, university presses, and scholarly publishers.  F) 70 8 1565 OUT
1786 482 -4.1837 0.0000
(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
1997 482 -4.1837 0.0000
(s operating) 11 1 253 OUT
225 552 -3.9780 0.0000
(budget has increased modestly as it has taken on new responsibilities at the request of the) 91 15 2025 OUT
225 622 -7.2916 -0.3059
(regionals and mid-level networks.  However) 42 5 987 OUT
1210 622 -7.2916 -0.3059
(, given limited funds, operations are contracted) 48 6 1040 OUT
225 692 -0.6104 0.0000
(out to minimize head count directly on the payroll and to maximize flexibility) 78 12 1810 OUT
2031 692 -0.6104 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 43 OUT
2071 692 -0.6104 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
2110 692 -0.6104 0.0000
( small) 6 1 140 OUT
225 762 -0.0030 0.0000
(executive staf) 14 1 322 OUT
546 762 -0.0030 0.0000
(f is maintained in ) 19 4 421 OUT
966 762 -0.0030 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
1017 762 -0.0030 0.0000
(ashington DC.) 13 1 337 OUT
SURSTR
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317 463 882 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
317 882 0.1648 0.0000
(9.1.2. ) 7 1 146 OUT
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/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
463 797 882 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
463 882 0.1648 0.0000
(B:  Customer) 12 2 334 OUT
796 1138 882 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
796 882 0.1648 0.0000
( Services and ) 14 3 342 OUT
1135 1378 882 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
1135 882 0.1648 0.0000
(Advocacy) 8 0 243 OUT
SURSTR
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
375 1002 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.2.1.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 1002 0.0717 0.0000
(Inter) 5 0 110 OUT
784 1002 0.0717 0.0000
(-regional Connectivity:) 23 1 543 OUT
225 1122 4.2571 0.0000
(Congress passes the NREN bill.  IP-based networks grow much faster than had been) 80 13 2025 OUT
225 1192 -4.3359 0.0000
(expected in the early 1990s as NREN legislation appropriates funds for the connection of) 88 13 2025 OUT
225 1262 6.6430 0.0000
(K-12 and smaller educational institutions \(this after extensive lobbying by the K-12) 84 11 2025 OUT
225 1332 1.2426 0.0000
(constituency and the public library constituency\).  ) 52 7 1191 OUT
1413 1332 1.2426 0.0000
(ANS  reaches agreement on pricing) 33 5 837 OUT
225 1402 6.2456 0.0000
(models with F) 13 2 346 OUT
567 1402 6.2456 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
760 1402 6.2456 0.0000
( and the mid-levels and becomes the predominant provider of) 59 9 1490 OUT
225 1472 -2.7407 0.0000
(connectivity among the domestic regional IP) 43 5 1031 OUT
1254 1472 -2.7407 0.0000
( networks.  ) 12 3 264 OUT
1515 1472 -2.7407 0.0000
(ANS also provides connectivity) 30 3 735 OUT
225 1542 -1.1444 0.0000
(to a majority of commercial and non-commercial information service providers.  Sprint) 85 11 2025 OUT
225 1612 5.3489 0.0000
(has the lionU) 13 2 299 OUT
521 1612 5.3489 0.0000
(s share of IP) 13 3 306 OUT
825 1612 5.3489 0.0000
( connections between ) 21 3 533 OUT
1354 1612 5.3489 0.0000
(American and European research and) 34 4 896 OUT
225 1682 4.6164 0.0000
(education IP) 12 1 298 OUT
521 1682 4.6164 0.0000
( networks, while ) 17 3 416 OUT
933 1682 4.6164 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
969 1682 4.6164 0.0000
(T&T) 3 0 117 OUT
1084 1682 4.6164 0.0000
( connects the ) 14 3 333 OUT
1414 1682 4.6164 0.0000
(Asian rim.  PSI and ) 20 5 496 OUT
1907 1682 4.6164 0.0000
(AlterNet grow) 13 1 343 OUT
225 1752 -7.2036 0.0000
(slowly) 6 0 156 OUT
377 1752 -7.2036 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 29 OUT
403 1752 -7.2036 0.0000
(All but a few of the regionals outsource operations.  In 1994, ) 63 12 1349 OUT
1748 1752 -7.2036 0.0000
(ANS began to provide) 20 3 502 OUT
225 1822 2.8365 0.0000
(connectivity among the regionals at speeds above ) 49 7 1191 OUT
1415 1822 2.8365 0.0000
(T3 using SONET) 14 2 414 OUT
1825 1822 2.8365 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 49 OUT
1873 1822 2.8365 0.0000
(Throughput and) 14 1 377 OUT
225 1892 -3.6194 0.0000
(response times for interactive work remain adequate.  ) 54 8 1236 OUT
1460 1892 -3.6194 0.0000
(The regionals have all upgraded to) 34 5 790 OUT
225 1962 -5.6548 0.0000
(T3 speeds.  Most member institutions have migrated to FDDI II as their campus backbone) 86 14 2025 OUT
225 2032 8.2292 0.0000
(protocol.  ) 11 2 255 OUT
476 2032 8.2292 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
515 2032 8.2292 0.0000
( few leading institutions have moved to much higher bandwidths using) 68 10 1735 OUT
225 2102 -4.9671 0.0000
(SONET) 5 0 188 OUT
409 2102 -4.9671 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 34 OUT
439 2102 -4.9671 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
478 2102 -4.9671 0.0000
( few of the smaller institutions are still running 10 megabit Ethernet internally) 81 12 1761 OUT
2235 2102 -4.9671 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
375 2222 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.2.2.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 2222 0.0196 0.0000
(Network Management:) 19 1 539 OUT
225 2342 7.2331 0.0000
(Acting as a cooperative purchasing or) 37 5 919 OUT
1143 2342 7.2331 0.0000
(ganization, F) 13 1 312 OUT
1450 2342 7.2331 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1644 2342 7.2331 0.0000
( negotiated an agreement) 24 3 606 OUT
225 2412 1.3803 0.0000
(under which ) 12 2 307 OUT
529 2412 1.3803 0.0000
(ANS runs a national NOC to manage most regional, mid-level, and some) 68 11 1721 OUT
225 2482 12.1907 0.0000
(state networks in addition to connectivity among these networks.  ) 66 10 1666 OUT
1890 2482 12.1907 0.0000
(The agreement) 13 1 360 OUT
225 2552 7.4825 0.0000
(established 7x24 coverage and minimum service levels for network availability and) 81 10 2025 OUT
225 2622 -7.0238 0.0000
(throughput.  Service level maintenance ef) 41 5 937 OUT
1161 2622 -7.0238 0.0000
(forts extend from the inter) 27 4 584 OUT
1744 2622 -7.0238 0.0000
(-regional connectivity) 22 1 506 OUT
225 2692 1.0610 0.0000
(network down to the campus level.  ) 35 7 853 OUT
1075 2692 1.0610 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1114 2692 1.0610 0.0000
( few campuses have also contracted out network) 46 7 1136 OUT
225 2762 -3.6777 0.0000
(management to ) 14 2 365 OUT
587 2762 -3.6777 0.0000
(ANS, with local problem resolution handled by campus or regional staf) 69 10 1630 OUT
2216 2762 -3.6777 0.0000
(f,) 2 0 34 OUT
225 2832 5.6946 0.0000
(but under the direction of ) 27 5 636 OUT
858 2832 5.6946 0.0000
(ANS and the NOC.  Service level standards are relatively) 56 9 1392 OUT
225 2902 -4.0458 0.0000
(uniform among the regionals; consequently) 41 4 998 OUT
1219 2902 -4.0458 0.0000
(, most network problems are local rather than) 45 7 1031 OUT
225 2972 -1.7174 0.0000
(regional or national.  ) 23 4 494 OUT
715 2972 -1.7174 0.0000
(As part of the F) 16 4 359 OUT
1070 2972 -1.7174 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1264 2972 -1.7174 0.0000
( agreement, ) 12 2 283 OUT
1544 2972 -1.7174 0.0000
(ANS is leading the ef) 21 4 495 OUT
2038 2972 -1.7174 0.0000
(fort, now) 9 1 212 OUT
225 3042 -1.0075 0.0000
(well underway) 13 1 344 OUT
565 3042 -1.0075 0.0000
(, to implement national white and yellow page directory services.  Based) 72 11 1685 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(Draft 2/4/91) 12 1 205 OUT
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(Page 39) 7 1 133 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 740 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
850 3163 -0.0103 0.0000
(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
SURSTR
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
450 272 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.1.3.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 272 0.0605 0.0000
(NIC/Customer Services/Marketing:) 32 1 831 OUT
300 392 -4.2628 0.0000
(Emphasizing advocacy and operations, F) 38 4 940 OUT
1236 392 -4.2628 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1429 392 -4.2628 0.0000
( provides little in the way of support for) 42 8 896 OUT
300 462 0.9115 0.0000
(NIC, customer services, and marketing.  ) 40 6 959 OUT
1258 462 0.9115 0.0000
(The regionals are left on their own to provide) 46 8 1067 OUT
300 532 8.7977 0.0000
(documentation for using and navigating the net and resources available on the net.) 82 12 2025 OUT
300 602 -5.5282 0.0000
(Computerized white and yellow pages directory services do not exist nationally) 78 10 1801 OUT
2097 602 -5.5282 0.0000
(, although) 10 1 228 OUT
300 672 -2.5491 0.0000
(specific lists of services are available in some regionals.  ) 61 10 1311 OUT
1610 672 -2.5491 0.0000
(The RResources on the Internet) 30 4 715 OUT
300 742 1.5155 0.0000
(GuideS is now widely distributed, and has been incorporated in several library catalog) 86 12 2025 OUT
300 812 -6.6246 0.0000
(applications, as has the Internet ) 34 5 715 OUT
1012 812 -6.6246 0.0000
(Accessible Libraries list.  Special Interest Groups \(af) 55 7 1188 OUT
2199 812 -6.6246 0.0000
(finity) 6 0 126 OUT
300 882 -3.1473 0.0000
(groups\) has sprung up, but they usually reflect the heroic ef) 61 10 1357 OUT
1656 882 -3.1473 0.0000
(forts of a few individuals and) 30 5 669 OUT
300 952 -5.8794 0.0000
(receive little or no support from connected institutions or the regionals.  Neither F) 85 13 1835 OUT
2131 952 -5.8794 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
300 1022 -7.0253 0.0000
(nor the regionals are able to provide significant education, training, and support to smaller) 93 13 2013 OUT
2310 1022 -7.0253 0.0000
(,) 1 0 15 OUT
300 1092 0.0159 0.0000
(less advantaged connected educational institutions.) 51 4 1191 OUT
450 1212 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.1.4.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 1212 0.0000 0.0076
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
782 1212 0.0000 0.0076
(echnology:) 10 0 259 OUT
300 1332 -3.3442 0.0000
(Open systems continue to spread in most Universities.  ) 55 9 1266 OUT
1565 1332 -3.3442 0.0000
(The Open Software Foundation's) 30 3 760 OUT
300 1402 -4.3882 0.0000
(Distributed Computing Environment and Distributed Management Environment \(DME\)) 78 7 2025 OUT
300 1472 1.8677 0.0000
(are popular with vendors, including DEC, HP) 43 6 1077 OUT
1371 1472 1.8677 0.0000
(, and IBM, and users in the research and) 40 8 954 OUT
300 1542 8.9916 0.0000
(higher education communities.  SunU) 35 4 896 OUT
1193 1542 8.9916 0.0000
(s ONC is also popular) 21 4 551 OUT
1741 1542 8.9916 0.0000
(.  Independent Software) 23 3 584 OUT
300 1612 -0.1177 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
336 1612 -0.1177 0.0000
(endors \(ISVs\) provide a variety of network and system management applications that) 82 11 1989 OUT
300 1682 2.2331 0.0000
(work in the DME.  ) 18 5 465 OUT
764 1682 2.2331 0.0000
(T3 has become inexpensive; the RBOCs and IXCs have moved to) 59 10 1561 OUT
300 1752 1.6264 0.0000
(higher bandwidths using SONET) 29 3 781 OUT
1078 1752 1.6264 0.0000
(; SMDS is being implemented slowly) 34 5 885 OUT
1959 1752 1.6264 0.0000
(.  Inter) 8 2 157 OUT
2114 1752 1.6264 0.0000
(-regional) 9 0 211 OUT
300 1822 -5.8908 0.0000
(and regional network routers support ) 37 5 847 OUT
1146 1822 -5.8908 0.0000
(TCP) 3 0 107 OUT
1251 1822 -5.8908 0.0000
( and OSI protocols.  Some of the regionals route) 48 9 1074 OUT
300 1892 -0.3663 0.0000
(DECnet IV) 9 1 264 OUT
556 1892 -0.3663 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 43 OUT
598 1892 -0.3663 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
637 1892 -0.3663 0.0000
(isualization and full-motion video applications are driving up bandwidth) 72 8 1688 OUT
300 1962 -3.6910 0.0000
(requirements.  ) 15 2 341 OUT
640 1962 -3.6910 0.0000
(The multi-gigabit testbed remains a research and development rather than) 72 9 1685 OUT
300 2032 4.9299 0.0000
(a production environment.  Neither F) 36 5 893 OUT
1189 2032 4.9299 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1382 2032 4.9299 0.0000
( nor the regionals are able to undertake) 40 7 943 OUT
300 2102 -5.9505 0.0000
(significant development ef) 26 2 610 OUT
909 2102 -5.9505 0.0000
(forts for higher layer services.  Privacy Enhanced Mail is being) 64 10 1416 OUT
300 2172 4.0759 0.0000
(implemented.  Digital signatures, authentication of users and devices, and encryption) 85 10 2025 OUT
300 2242 0.4853 0.0000
(remain lar) 10 1 239 OUT
537 2242 0.4853 0.0000
(gely unimplemented because there is no central registry) 55 7 1304 OUT
1838 2242 0.4853 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 45 OUT
1881 2242 0.4853 0.0000
(The IAB and IETF) 16 3 444 OUT
300 2312 4.0612 0.0000
(continue their customary roles in guiding the evolution of Internet and its underlying) 86 12 2025 OUT
300 2382 -6.7120 0.0000
(technology;  their main problem is extending the current IP addressing scheme.  Migration) 89 13 2025 OUT
300 2452 -0.0059 0.0000
(to OSI and Class D licenses are considered possible solutions.) 62 9 1448 OUT
450 2572 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.1.5.) 8 0 175 OUT
750 2572 0.0099 0.0000
(Role of F) 9 2 220 OUT
966 2572 0.0099 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1158 2572 0.0099 0.0000
(:) 1 0 16 OUT
300 2692 -4.9547 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
328 2692 -4.9547 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
521 2692 -4.9547 0.0000
( voting membership consists of the regional and state networks;  IXCs, RBOCs,) 77 12 1804 OUT
300 2762 0.1735 0.0000
(PSI, and ) 9 2 213 OUT
509 2762 0.1735 0.0000
(AlterNet hold non-voting associate memberships.  Unable to reach agreement) 74 9 1816 OUT
300 2832 4.2272 0.0000
(with ) 5 1 123 OUT
419 2832 4.2272 0.0000
(ANS \(or other existing IP) 25 4 616 OUT
1033 2832 4.2272 0.0000
( connectivity providers\), F) 27 3 631 OUT
1661 2832 4.2272 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1854 2832 4.2272 0.0000
( is concentrating on) 20 3 471 OUT
300 2902 -0.5721 0.0000
(operations and network management and coalition building.  Little attention is directed) 87 11 2025 OUT
300 2972 -5.5968 0.0000
(toward member and user services.  ) 34 6 791 OUT
1090 2972 -5.5968 0.0000
(The regional networksU) 22 2 533 OUT
1618 2972 -5.5968 0.0000
( membership has grown slowly) 28 4 707 OUT
300 3042 -7.2916 -0.1477
(and the market for internet-delivered information services has not yet coalesced.  F) 84 12 1836 OUT
2131 3042 -7.2916 -0.1477
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
ENDPAGE
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375 272 0.0000 0.0070
(APPENDICES) 10 0 373 OUT
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(9.1.) 4 0 87 OUT
375 392 0.5465 0.0000
(F) 1 0 36 OUT
406 392 0.5465 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
609 392 0.5465 0.0000
( Endstates, 1995) 16 2 405 OUT
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(9.1.1. ) 7 1 146 OUT
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(A:  Operations and ) 19 4 493 OUT
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949 512 0.0111 0.0000
(Advocacy) 8 0 243 OUT
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(9.1.1.1.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 632 0.0717 0.0000
(Inter) 5 0 110 OUT
784 632 0.0717 0.0000
(-regional Connectivity:) 23 1 543 OUT
225 752 -5.0718 0.0000
(The NREN bill failed to pass Congress amidst deep divisions over who should be the lead) 87 15 2025 OUT
225 822 -3.9130 0.0000
(agency) 6 0 165 OUT
386 822 -3.9130 0.0000
(, the role of the public carriers, and methods to protect intellectual property rights.) 87 13 1864 OUT
225 892 -0.8909 0.0000
(IP-based networks did not grow as expected in the early 1990s.  ) 64 12 1494 OUT
1716 892 -0.8909 0.0000
(ANS failed after it was) 23 4 534 OUT
225 962 -5.5409 0.0000
(unable to reach agreement on pricing models with the mid-levels and after F) 75 12 1715 OUT
1936 962 -5.5409 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
2126 962 -5.5409 0.0000
(, CNI) 5 1 124 OUT
225 1032 7.0949 0.0000
(\(Coalition for Network Information\), and others prevailed on NSF to provide direct) 82 11 2025 OUT
225 1102 7.5579 0.0000
(funding after November) 22 2 579 OUT
801 1102 7.5579 0.0000
(, 1992, in the form of block grants \(unrestricted use\) to the) 61 11 1449 OUT
225 1172 -2.0325 0.0000
(regionals and mid-level networks.  F) 36 5 845 OUT
1066 1172 -2.0325 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1259 1172 -2.0325 0.0000
( members then constructed their own inter) 41 6 973 OUT
2231 1172 -2.0325 0.0000
(-) 1 0 19 OUT
225 1242 -2.6709 0.0000
(regional connectivity network using commercially available ) 59 6 1400 OUT
1624 1242 -2.6709 0.0000
(T3 circuits and technology) 26 3 616 OUT
2235 1242 -2.6709 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
225 1312 2.0900 0.0000
(NSF agreed that commercial services \(including commercial-to-commerical\) could be) 81 8 2025 OUT
225 1382 -2.8809 0.0000
(connected via the inter) 23 3 521 OUT
745 1382 -2.8809 0.0000
(-regional network provided they paid significantly) 50 5 1160 OUT
1901 1382 -2.8809 0.0000
(, but justifiably) 17 2 349 OUT
225 1452 1.8763 0.0000
(higher rates than non-profit, research, and education users.  ) 62 9 1413 OUT
1637 1452 1.8763 0.0000
(Through put and response) 24 3 613 OUT
225 1522 -0.5553 0.0000
(times are degrading during periods of peak demand for bandwidth.  ) 66 11 1581 OUT
1805 1522 -0.5553 0.0000
(The lar) 7 1 166 OUT
1970 1522 -0.5553 0.0000
(ger member) 10 1 280 OUT
225 1592 -5.2847 0.0000
(or) 2 0 49 OUT
273 1592 -5.2847 0.0000
(ganizations have implemented FDDI II as their campus backbone protocol; some of the) 83 12 1977 OUT
225 1662 0.8213 0.0000
(smaller institutions are just now upgrading to FDDI from 10 megabit Ethernet campus) 83 12 2025 OUT
225 1732 -0.2836 0.0000
(backbones.  ) 12 2 289 OUT
511 1732 -0.2836 0.0000
(All the regionals have upgraded to ) 35 6 818 OUT
1328 1732 -0.2836 0.0000
(T3 speeds, but the multi-gigabit testbed) 40 5 922 OUT
225 1802 -1.3089 0.0000
(network has not progressed to production mode.  ) 48 8 1145 OUT
1368 1802 -1.3089 0.0000
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
1400 1802 -1.3089 0.0000
(wo regionals are experimenting with) 35 4 850 OUT
225 1872 1.9480 0.0000
(250 Mbs speeds using SONET) 26 4 727 OUT
948 1872 1.9480 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 48 OUT
994 1872 1.9480 0.0000
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
1026 1872 1.9480 0.0000
(alks are near completion with the RBOCs and IXCs) 48 8 1224 OUT
225 1942 -5.8816 0.0000
(\(Inter Exchange Carriers\) for upgrades to higher speeds on the inter) 68 10 1519 OUT
1742 1942 -5.8816 0.0000
(-regional connectivity) 22 1 508 OUT
225 2012 -0.0382 0.0000
(network using SONET) 19 2 535 OUT
755 2012 -0.0382 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
375 2132 0.0000 -0.0001
(9.1.1.2.) 8 0 175 OUT
675 2132 0.0196 0.0000
(Network Management:) 19 1 539 OUT
225 2252 -6.8152 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
253 2252 -6.8152 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
446 2252 -6.8152 0.0000
( assumed responsibility for running the inter) 45 6 993 OUT
1438 2252 -6.8152 0.0000
(-regional connectivity network, and) 35 3 812 OUT
225 2322 4.5664 0.0000
(following competitive bids,  contracted out NOC functions.  Setting and maintaining) 83 11 2025 OUT
225 2392 0.8778 0.0000
(service levels, problem identification, and problem resolution are focused on the inter) 87 11 2007 OUT
2231 2392 0.8778 0.0000
(-) 1 0 19 OUT
225 2462 7.0046 0.0000
(regional connectivity network.  ) 32 4 771 OUT
995 2462 7.0046 0.0000
(The NOC is staf) 15 3 402 OUT
1396 2462 7.0046 0.0000
(fed for 7x24 operation of the inter) 35 6 836 OUT
2231 2462 7.0046 0.0000
(-) 1 0 19 OUT
225 2532 -4.1223 0.0000
(regional connectivity network.   ) 33 5 737 OUT
961 2532 -4.1223 0.0000
(The NOC does not manage any of the regionals.  Service) 54 10 1289 OUT
225 2602 0.5780 0.0000
(standards vary widely among the regionals.  ) 44 7 1047 OUT
1271 2602 0.5780 0.0000
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
1303 2602 0.5780 0.0000
(elephone hot-line support exists only for) 41 5 947 OUT
225 2672 -6.6431 0.0000
(traf) 4 0 81 OUT
305 2672 -6.6431 0.0000
(fic on inter) 12 2 243 OUT
546 2672 -6.6431 0.0000
(-regional net.  Problem resolution is slow on campuses.  No one is managing) 75 13 1704 OUT
225 2742 -2.3580 0.0000
(end-to-end reliability) 22 1 492 OUT
713 2742 -2.3580 0.0000
(,  and distributed applications on a national scale.  Electronic white) 70 11 1537 OUT
225 2812 -0.0003 0.0000
(and yellow pages do not exist on a national scale.) 50 9 1153 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(The recommendations contained in this report cover a wide range of issues.  Or) 78 13 1760 OUT
2059 392 -7.1163 0.0000
(ganizations) 11 0 266 OUT
300 462 -2.1575 0.0000
(are often tempted to do many things at once.  ) 46 10 1046 OUT
1345 462 -2.1575 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
1395 462 -2.1575 0.0000
(e believe that the most important critical) 42 6 930 OUT
300 532 -2.1163 0.0000
(success factor will be for the F) 32 6 703 OUT
999 532 -2.1163 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1192 532 -2.1163 0.0000
( Board to limit itself to a few key issues at a time.) 53 12 1133 OUT
300 602 -5.7133 0.0000
(Therefore, we provide some broad guidelines for implementing the plan discussed above.) 86 11 2025 OUT
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(8.1.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 722 0.0000 -0.0002
(1991) 4 0 117 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
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(During the remainder of 1991, F) 31 5 733 OUT
1028 842 -5.0720 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1222 842 -5.0720 0.0000
( should focus on improving its ability to function) 50 8 1103 OUT
300 912 -3.6457 0.0000
(as an or) 8 2 174 OUT
473 912 -3.6457 0.0000
(ganization in pursuit of its mission, strategies, and near) 58 8 1257 OUT
1729 912 -3.6457 0.0000
(-term goals.  Chief among) 25 4 596 OUT
300 982 -1.9177 0.0000
(the tasks for this year are the development by the Board of an operating plan, increasing) 89 15 2025 OUT
300 1052 4.8805 0.0000
(revenue, and hiring a full time Executive Director) 50 7 1197 OUT
1494 1052 4.8805 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 54 OUT
1544 1052 4.8805 0.0000
(Another important goal for 1991) 31 4 781 OUT
300 1122 -0.8598 0.0000
(should be communicating the strategic and operating plans to members and to others in) 85 13 2025 OUT
300 1192 -4.1797 0.0000
(the research and academic networking community) 46 5 1153 OUT
1450 1192 -4.1797 0.0000
(.  Early discussions between F) 30 5 685 OUT
2131 1192 -4.1797 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
300 1262 -4.1179 0.0000
(and other or) 12 2 274 OUT
573 1262 -4.1179 0.0000
(ganizations for coordinated activities are also appropriate early on.  ) 71 10 1544 OUT
2114 1262 -4.1179 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
2153 1262 -4.1179 0.0000
( critical) 9 1 172 OUT
300 1332 4.4499 0.0000
(issue will be making F) 22 4 546 OUT
842 1332 4.4499 0.0000
(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
1052 1332 4.4499 0.0000
(s voice heard during deliberations on the end of NSF) 52 9 1273 OUT
300 1402 0.0128 0.0000
(subsidies for the backbone.) 27 3 635 OUT
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(8.2.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 1522 0.0000 -0.0002
(1992) 4 0 117 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1642 -3.4616 0.0000
(The focus of 1992 should be on implementing the various strategies and short term goals) 87 14 2025 OUT
300 1712 -1.1309 0.0000
(identified in operating plans through the activities of the Board, the Executive Director) 89 12 2013 OUT
2310 1712 -1.1309 0.0000
(,) 1 0 15 OUT
300 1782 1.3497 0.0000
(and the various committees.  Income, staf) 41 6 980 OUT
1279 1782 1.3497 0.0000
(fing, and services are likely to be continuing) 46 7 1046 OUT
300 1852 9.2803 0.0000
(focal points.  Greater ef) 25 4 589 OUT
888 1852 9.2803 0.0000
(forts regarding coordinated advocacy on behalf of member) 56 7 1437 OUT
300 1922 -6.6998 0.0000
(networks, F) 11 1 269 OUT
564 1922 -6.6998 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
758 1922 -6.6998 0.0000
( itself, and the research and education networking community are also) 69 10 1567 OUT
300 1992 -6.3905 0.0000
(called for) 10 1 215 OUT
512 1992 -6.3905 0.0000
(.  Continued attention to the state of the inter) 48 9 986 OUT
1497 1992 -6.3905 0.0000
(-regional connectivity in lieu of NSF) 37 5 828 OUT
300 2062 -0.0054 0.0000
(funding for backbone services will also be required.) 52 7 1211 OUT
SURSTR
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300 2182 0.0000 -0.0009
(8.3.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 2182 0.0348 0.0000
(1993 and Beyond) 15 2 428 OUT
SURSTR
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 2302 -6.8576 0.0000
(t is our hope that by 1993, F) 29 7 610 OUT
905 2302 -6.8576 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1099 2302 -6.8576 0.0000
( will have put in place staf) 28 6 574 OUT
1672 2302 -6.8576 0.0000
(f and committees that deliver) 29 4 653 OUT
300 2372 12.1907 0.0000
(value-added services to member networks and end users.  However) 63 9 1681 OUT
1978 2372 12.1907 0.0000
(, research and) 14 2 347 OUT
300 2442 0.6238 0.0000
(education networking is changing rapidly) 40 4 971 OUT
1267 2442 0.6238 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 45 OUT
1311 2442 0.6238 0.0000
(Therefore, we recommended that F) 32 4 824 OUT
2131 2442 0.6238 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
300 2512 -6.0507 0.0000
(revisit the strategic plan every year) 37 5 788 OUT
1084 2512 -6.0507 0.0000
(.  In the 1993 time frame, the central questions may will) 57 11 1241 OUT
300 2582 2.4967 0.0000
(entail F) 8 1 179 OUT
475 2582 2.4967 0.0000
(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
685 2582 2.4967 0.0000
(s identity in a changing and changed world.  ) 45 9 1069 OUT
1753 2582 2.4967 0.0000
(The or) 6 1 156 OUT
1909 2582 2.4967 0.0000
(ganization and its) 18 2 416 OUT
300 2652 -7.2916 -0.1484
(members should make 1993 a year of evaluating accomplishments to date and reevaluating) 86 12 2025 OUT
300 2722 4.8611 0.0000
(mission and strategies.  ) 25 4 578 OUT
877 2722 4.8611 0.0000
(Through constant reassessment, F) 32 3 805 OUT
1678 2722 4.8611 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1871 2722 4.8611 0.0000
( will be in the best) 20 5 454 OUT
300 2792 11.0657 0.0000
(position to provide services that make important contributions to the research and) 82 11 2025 OUT
300 2862 0.0643 0.0000
(education community) 19 1 507 OUT
803 2862 0.0643 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(Draft 2/4/91) 12 1 205 OUT
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 272 -0.0056 0.0000
(Establish a formal liaison with the IAB and IETF) 48 8 1150 OUT
1370 272 -0.0056 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
225 392 -0.0089 0.0000
(Hire a full time professional executive director as soon as possible.) 69 10 1563 OUT
225 512 0.1054 0.0000
(Develop a formal governance structure for F) 43 6 1040 OUT
1261 512 0.1054 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1454 512 0.1054 0.0000
( and publicize it widely) 24 4 548 OUT
1999 512 0.1054 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(Draft 2/4/91) 12 1 205 OUT
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(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
SURSTR
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 272 -4.2011 0.0000
(Establish a membership/board liaison committee whose primary responsibility will be to) 86 10 2025 OUT
300 342 2.6256 0.0000
(provide frequent, full, open communication between the Board, the staf) 70 9 1692 OUT
1991 342 2.6256 0.0000
(f, the working) 14 2 334 OUT
300 412 0.0185 0.0000
(committees and the member or) 28 4 722 OUT
1021 412 0.0185 0.0000
(ganizations.) 12 0 280 OUT
300 532 -0.0027 0.0000
(The Board review the bylaws in light of the strategic plan.) 59 10 1359 OUT
300 652 -0.0226 0.0000
(Restrict voting membership to or) 32 4 771 OUT
1070 652 -0.0226 0.0000
(ganizations.) 12 0 280 OUT
300 772 4.9584 0.0000
(Retain the provision of the bylaws that extends membership to any or) 68 11 1676 OUT
1975 772 4.9584 0.0000
(ganization that) 15 1 350 OUT
300 842 -0.0010 0.0000
(subscribes to F) 15 2 350 OUT
646 842 -0.0010 0.0000
(ARNET's purpose or mission.) 27 3 701 OUT
300 962 -0.7808 0.0000
(The Board should reconsider the inclusiveness of the voting member category one year) 84 12 2025 OUT
300 1032 -0.0228 0.0000
(from now) 8 1 228 OUT
525 1032 -0.0228 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
300 1152 -6.0098 0.0000
(The Board should consider creating a non-voting associate membership category to allow) 86 11 2025 OUT
300 1222 6.4346 0.0000
(individuals not associated with a member or) 43 6 1069 OUT
1368 1222 6.4346 0.0000
(ganization to af) 16 2 376 OUT
1742 1222 6.4346 0.0000
(filiate with F) 14 2 314 OUT
2052 1222 6.4346 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
2246 1222 6.4346 0.0000
( by) 3 1 79 OUT
300 1292 3.3960 0.0000
(paying modest dues that would bring with it entitlement to publications, conferences,) 85 11 2025 OUT
300 1362 0.0108 0.0000
(forums, etc. not otherwise distributed outside of member or) 59 8 1387 OUT
1686 1362 0.0108 0.0000
(ganizations.) 12 0 280 OUT
300 1482 -7.2916 -0.0935
(Non-voting members and non-members should be encouraged to participate in F) 75 10 1802 OUT
2098 1482 -7.2916 -0.0935
(ARNET's) 7 0 227 OUT
300 1552 0.0000 0.0061
(committees.) 11 0 284 OUT
300 1672 -2.2358 0.0000
(Increase the number of members and the amount of member dues as the major source of) 83 15 2025 OUT
300 1742 -0.0076 0.0000
(new revenue in the short term.) 30 5 709 OUT
300 1862 -0.0075 0.0000
(The Board should review member fee amounts and scales annually) 62 9 1563 OUT
1859 1862 -0.0075 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
300 1982 -0.0017 0.0000
(Pursue aggressively and immediately a grant for providing end user services .) 77 11 1811 OUT
300 2102 -4.5020 0.0000
(The first char) 14 2 305 OUT
604 2102 -4.5020 0.0000
(ge to new staf) 14 3 312 OUT
915 2102 -4.5020 0.0000
(f should be to actively solicit grant money or award money for) 62 11 1410 OUT
300 2172 0.1183 0.0000
(any of the major activities F) 29 5 657 OUT
952 2172 0.1183 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1146 2172 0.1183 0.0000
( wishes to pursue.) 18 3 418 OUT
300 2292 -7.2916 -0.1384
(Serious attention should be given to finding the appropriate combinations and mechanisms) 88 11 2025 OUT
300 2362 0.0140 0.0000
(for developing new inter) 24 3 575 OUT
874 2362 0.0140 0.0000
(-or) 3 0 68 OUT
941 2362 0.0140 0.0000
(ganizational relationships.) 27 1 612 OUT
300 2482 -4.6089 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
350 2482 -4.6089 0.0000
(e recommend involving heads of the other or) 43 7 1016 OUT
1365 2482 -4.6089 0.0000
(ganizations concerned with networking in) 40 4 960 OUT
300 2552 -0.0996 0.0000
(discussion directly) 19 1 436 OUT
732 2552 -0.0996 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
300 2672 -5.4900 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
328 2672 -5.4900 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
521 2672 -5.4900 0.0000
( should develop a proposal for a joint planning meeting involving the leadership) 80 12 1804 OUT
300 2742 -0.0021 0.0000
(of CNI, CREN, NTTF) 18 3 523 OUT
819 2742 -0.0021 0.0000
(, and F) 7 2 160 OUT
975 2742 -0.0021 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1165 2742 -0.0021 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
300 2862 -2.5854 0.0000
(Questions of actual mer) 23 3 548 OUT
847 2862 -2.5854 0.0000
(ging rather than coordinating with other or) 43 6 979 OUT
1825 2862 -2.5854 0.0000
(ganizations should be) 21 2 500 OUT
300 2932 2.7023 0.0000
(deferred until 1993 to permit F) 31 5 734 OUT
1030 2932 2.7023 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1223 2932 2.7023 0.0000
( to develop its own identity and or) 35 7 818 OUT
2040 2932 2.7023 0.0000
(ganizational) 12 0 285 OUT
300 3002 0.0000 0.0003
(capabilities.) 13 0 280 OUT
ENDPAGE
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1286 652 10.6055 0.0000
(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
1496 652 10.6055 0.0000
(s strategic choices reflect a broad) 35 5 829 OUT
300 722 -0.0007 0.0000
(consensus among its members.) 28 3 722 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 842 0.0000 -0.0009
(6.2.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 842 -0.0236 0.0000
(Feelings ) 9 1 219 OUT
665 842 -0.0236 0.0000
(About F) 7 1 206 OUT
867 842 -0.0236 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 962 0.1081 0.0000
(As an or) 8 2 198 OUT
497 962 0.1081 0.0000
(ganization, F) 13 1 305 OUT
797 962 0.1081 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
990 962 0.1081 0.0000
( needs to feel good about itself.) 33 6 731 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1082 0.0000 -0.0009
(6.3.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 1082 -0.0363 0.0000
(Execution is Key) 16 2 418 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1202 2.1830 0.0000
(The strategies adopted at the Las ) 34 6 794 OUT
1093 1202 2.1830 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
1128 1202 2.1830 0.0000
(egas meeting are, in our opinion, realistic and well) 52 8 1197 OUT
300 1272 -0.5477 0.0000
(within the or) 13 2 297 OUT
596 1272 -0.5477 0.0000
(ganizationU) 11 0 262 OUT
855 1272 -0.5477 0.0000
(s grasp.  Network management -- a road not taken  -- requires a) 63 13 1470 OUT
300 1342 0.6955 0.0000
(great deal of technical sophistication and some capital investment in equipment.  Even) 86 12 2025 OUT
300 1412 5.4730 0.0000
(outsourcing network management, as suggested in Endstate ) 57 7 1444 OUT
1741 1412 5.4730 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1780 1412 5.4730 0.0000
( requires suf) 13 2 299 OUT
2078 1412 5.4730 0.0000
(ficient un-) 11 1 247 OUT
300 1482 5.4011 0.0000
(derstanding to reach agreement on a proper contract.  ) 54 9 1305 OUT
1604 1482 5.4011 0.0000
(The adopted strategies require) 30 3 721 OUT
300 1552 0.1351 0.0000
(dif) 3 0 65 OUT
364 1552 0.1351 0.0000
(ferent capabilities, ones that build on recent F) 48 7 1067 OUT
1426 1552 0.1351 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1620 1552 0.1351 0.0000
( activities.) 12 1 240 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1672 0.0000 -0.0009
(6.4.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 1672 0.0023 0.0000
(Revisit the Plan ) 17 3 407 OUT
853 1672 0.0023 0.0000
(Annually) 8 0 230 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1792 4.7633 0.0000
(The notion of a Rliving documentS is well on its way to being a management cliche.) 82 15 2025 OUT
300 1862 5.2966 0.0000
(Nevertheless, F) 15 1 368 OUT
664 1862 5.2966 0.0000
(ARNET's strategic plan should be so considered.  ) 49 8 1214 OUT
1875 1862 5.2966 0.0000
(As an or) 8 2 208 OUT
2082 1862 5.2966 0.0000
(ganization) 10 0 243 OUT
300 1932 2.5218 0.0000
(whose fundamental concerns are in part technology driven, and given the high rate of) 84 13 2025 OUT
300 2002 9.0434 0.0000
(change in the technical, political, and business environments, ) 63 8 1516 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
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(we r) 4 1 118 OUT
1932 2002 9.0432 0.0000
(ecommend that) 13 1 393 OUT
300 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
(F) 1 0 36 OUT
331 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
534 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
( r) 2 1 39 OUT
572 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
(evisit the plan annually) 24 3 573 OUT
1142 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 40 OUT
1182 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
(W) 1 0 58 OUT
1237 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
(e r) 3 1 65 OUT
1301 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
(ecommend a major) 16 2 476 OUT
1775 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
( r) 2 1 39 OUT
1813 2072 -1.6855 0.0000
(econsideration every) 20 1 512 OUT
300 2142 0.0879 0.0000
(other) 5 0 133 OUT
432 2142 0.0879 0.0000
( year) 5 1 125 OUT
551 2142 0.0879 0.0000
(, with some formal attention to the plan in alternative years.) 62 10 1491 OUT
300 2262 0.0000 -0.0009
(6.5.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 2262 -0.0256 0.0000
(T) 1 0 39 OUT
485 2262 -0.0256 0.0000
(rust is the Glue) 16 3 381 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
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300 2382 -2.4494 0.0000
(In highly decentralized or) 26 3 594 OUT
892 2382 -2.4494 0.0000
(ganizations where members or major operating divisions have) 59 7 1433 OUT
300 2452 -0.1412 0.0000
(budgetary autonomy) 18 1 481 OUT
777 2452 -0.1412 0.0000
(, trust is often a key factor for success.  ) 44 10 925 OUT
1701 2452 -0.1412 0.0000
(The member or) 13 2 359 OUT
2059 2452 -0.1412 0.0000
(ganizations) 11 0 266 OUT
300 2522 -7.2916 -0.6661
(or departments are often suspicious of central services and jealously guard their prerogatives.) 95 12 2025 OUT
300 2592 11.9000 0.0000
(Consequently) 12 0 321 OUT
617 2592 11.9000 0.0000
(, action and progress depend in lar) 35 6 873 OUT
1489 2592 11.9000 0.0000
(ge measure on the consent of the) 32 6 836 OUT
300 2662 0.0070 0.0000
(governed, so to speak, and this consent is based on trust.) 58 10 1317 OUT
300 2782 -2.0036 0.0000
(As an or) 8 2 194 OUT
493 2782 -2.0036 0.0000
(ganization that is not only experiencing great change but change toward greater) 79 11 1832 OUT
300 2852 -4.5116 0.0000
(central coordination and implementation, creating and maintaining trust is a challenging,) 89 10 2025 OUT
300 2922 -0.9102 0.0000
(but not impossible task.  Member or) 35 6 839 OUT
1138 2922 -0.9102 0.0000
(ganizations will want to be informed and consulted) 50 7 1187 OUT
300 2992 -4.6172 0.0000
(on an ongoing basis.  Establishing consensus is often a long process, especially where the) 90 14 2025 OUT
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(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
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1372 2662 -6.1840 0.0000
(ganization and to provide the of) 32 5 713 OUT
2083 2662 -6.1840 0.0000
(ficers with) 11 1 242 OUT
300 2732 3.1574 0.0000
(systematic feedback about members reactions to F) 48 6 1195 OUT
1491 2732 3.1574 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1684 2732 3.1574 0.0000
( activities and to transplant) 29 4 641 OUT
300 2802 0.0041 0.0000
(new ideas from member to member and member to Board.) 52 9 1367 OUT
300 2922 10.2895 0.0000
(Each elected board member should be assigned primary responsibility for a set of) 80 12 2025 OUT
300 2992 7.1379 0.0000
(committees.  Participation should be widely shared, but administration and decision) 83 10 2025 OUT
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(.  ) 3 2 46 OUT
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655 692 -4.7553 0.0000
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(ectly) 5 0 117 OUT
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269 1022 -4.3798 0.0000
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436 1092 -4.6913 0.0000
(, mer) 5 1 115 OUT
551 1092 -4.6913 0.0000
(ging cannot be accomplished without a significant amount of give and take) 73 11 1699 OUT
225 1162 9.9844 0.0000
(over a several month period so it makes sense to begin by coordinating activities.) 82 13 2025 OUT
225 1232 -0.4974 0.0000
(Meetings among the leaders of these groups should begin as soon as possible.  ) 78 14 1835 OUT
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225 1372 0.0131 0.0000
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1043 1372 0.0131 0.0000
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538 1492 4.9638 0.0000
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1940 1492 4.9638 0.0000
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(coordination be deferr) 22 2 558 OUT
782 1562 -1.3528 0.0000
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1388 1562 -1.3528 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
1591 1562 -1.3528 0.0000
( to develop its own identity) 28 5 659 OUT
225 1632 0.0184 0.0000
(and organizational capabilities.) 32 2 779 OUT
SURSTR
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(the whole community) 19 2 498 OUT
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(. ) 2 1 24 OUT
SURSTR
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(e r) 3 1 61 OUT
867 1962 -5.2900 0.0000
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225 2032 0.0000 0.0125
(IETF) 4 0 136 OUT
356 2032 0.0000 0.0125
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
225 2152 0.0000 -0.0009
(5.5.) 4 0 87 OUT
375 2152 0.0285 0.0000
(Internal Structur) 17 1 433 OUT
806 2152 0.0285 0.0000
(e of F) 6 2 139 OUT
941 2152 0.0285 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
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(T) 1 0 36 OUT
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(T) 1 0 36 OUT
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392 2652 0.0000 -0.0049
(or) 2 0 49 OUT
440 2652 0.0000 -0.0049
(ganizations.) 12 0 280 OUT
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(The latter goal is particularly important at this stage of F) 60 10 1362 OUT
1583 2772 4.4006 0.0000
(ARNET's development as it) 25 3 667 OUT
225 2842 5.8803 0.0000
(makes the transition from a federated or) 40 6 968 OUT
1192 2842 5.8803 0.0000
(ganization operating rather informally) 38 3 907 OUT
2095 2842 5.8803 0.0000
(, often) 7 1 155 OUT
225 2912 2.9597 0.0000
(making decisions with full membership participation, to an incorporated entity with a) 85 11 2025 OUT
225 2982 7.4770 0.0000
(decision-making Board representing) 34 2 864 OUT
SURSTR
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( ) 1 1 22 OUT
SURSTR
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(the membership.  ) 17 3 440 OUT
1550 2982 7.4769 0.0000
(The Board must begin to act) 27 5 700 OUT
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(decisively) 10 0 236 OUT
458 3052 1.4274 0.0000
(, while keeping in very close touch with the membership.  Using formal and) 74 13 1792 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(of them to generate self-supporting revenue should be considered.  For example, some) 84 12 2025 OUT
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(forms of documentation and training materials might be sold;  user training seminars,) 85 12 2025 OUT
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(institutes, or conferences might well be of) 43 6 964 OUT
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(need to be considered on a case by case basis.  Obviously) 57 11 1345 OUT
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(support themselves while others provide excellent sources of revenue generation.) 80 9 1895 OUT
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(Perhaps the best underutilized source of income is grants for specific projects or for) 86 13 2025 OUT
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(performing specific functions.  NSF is the most obvious source, and ) 68 11 1645 OUT
SURSTR
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(ecommend) 8 0 269 OUT
300 952 6.7291 0.0000
(pursuing aggr) 13 1 358 OUT
657 952 6.7291 0.0000
(essively and immediately a grant for) 36 5 936 OUT
1592 952 6.7291 0.0000
( pr) 3 1 80 OUT
1671 952 6.7291 0.0000
(oviding end user) 16 2 425 OUT
2095 952 6.7291 0.0000
( services.) 10 1 230 OUT
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(However) 7 0 214 OUT
511 1022 -6.3872 0.0000
(, the Board ought not to stop there.  ) 38 9 783 OUT
SURSTR
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(e r) 3 1 60 OUT
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300 1092 -6.1304 0.0000
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300 1162 -6.1641 0.0000
(F) 1 0 36 OUT
331 1162 -6.1641 0.0000
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534 1162 -6.1641 0.0000
( wishes to pursue) 17 3 408 OUT
SURSTR
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300 1302 11.0707 0.0000
(goal.  ) 7 2 166 OUT
465 1302 11.0707 0.0000
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300 1372 -0.0937 0.0000
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842 1372 -0.0937 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
SURSTR
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1056 1492 0.3506 0.0000
(oups) 4 0 117 OUT
SURSTR
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1731 1682 -0.5159 0.0000
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633 1752 -4.4454 0.0000
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1274 1822 3.2589 0.0000
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1467 1822 3.2589 0.0000
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300 1892 -0.5716 0.0000
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1179 1892 -0.5716 0.0000
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300 1962 3.0355 0.0000
(to deal with all the new players, e.g., Internet ) 49 9 1095 OUT
1391 1962 3.0355 0.0000
(Activities Board \(IAB\) and the Internet) 39 5 934 OUT
300 2032 -2.5857 0.0000
(Engineering ) 12 1 297 OUT
596 2032 -2.5857 0.0000
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
628 2032 -2.5857 0.0000
(ask Force \(IETF\).  Now is an excellent time for F) 49 10 1129 OUT
1752 2032 -2.5857 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1946 2032 -2.5857 0.0000
( to consider how) 16 3 379 OUT
300 2102 -3.3873 0.0000
(to leverage its activities by working with, mer) 47 7 1049 OUT
1348 2102 -3.3873 0.0000
(ging with, or aligning with other players in) 44 7 977 OUT
300 2172 -0.0244 0.0000
(the field.) 10 1 207 OUT
300 2292 2.3570 0.0000
(F) 1 0 32 OUT
328 2292 2.3570 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
518 2292 2.3570 0.0000
(, of all the national groups working in research and education networking, is) 77 12 1807 OUT
300 2362 13.5185 0.0000
(closest to and represents  most directly the interests of the end user community) 80 13 2014 OUT
2310 2362 13.5185 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
300 2432 -1.5226 0.0000
(Continuing to position the or) 29 4 668 OUT
967 2432 -1.5226 0.0000
(ganization as the advocacy and service group for end users) 58 9 1358 OUT
300 2502 -2.5247 0.0000
(establishes a set of interests and a programmatic focus that will continue to be important) 90 14 2025 OUT
300 2572 -1.3167 0.0000
(no matter how the national networking infrastructure develops.  F) 65 9 1520 OUT
1816 2572 -1.3167 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
2010 2572 -1.3167 0.0000
( will be in the) 15 4 315 OUT
300 2642 -3.5847 0.0000
(best position to evolve with the community if it focuses on helping its members, whether) 88 14 2025 OUT
300 2712 7.9907 0.0000
(they are regionals, states, or other associations, to ensure the best possible network) 86 12 2025 OUT
300 2782 0.1008 0.0000
(services for consumers.  ) 25 4 579 OUT
878 2782 0.1008 0.0000
(The Board should adopt that stance as its underlying principle) 62 9 1447 OUT
300 2852 -1.7917 0.0000
(against which decisions about or) 32 4 754 OUT
1053 2852 -1.7917 0.0000
(ganizational development are measured now and in the) 52 7 1272 OUT
300 2922 0.0000 -0.0146
(future.) 7 0 154 OUT
300 3042 -7.1724 0.0000
(Major benefits can be realized through coordination and collaboration between the sectors) 89 11 2025 OUT
ENDPAGE
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SURSTR
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735 272 -3.1439 0.0000
( r) 2 1 37 OUT
771 272 -3.1439 0.0000
(ecommend that the Board r) 25 4 674 OUT
1444 272 -3.1439 0.0000
(econsider) 9 0 236 OUT
1679 272 -3.1439 0.0000
( the inclusiveness of the) 25 4 571 OUT
225 342 3.7115 0.0000
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1133 342 3.7115 0.0000
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SURSTR
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1465 342 3.7116 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1659 342 3.7116 0.0000
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225 412 2.1220 0.0000
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225 482 2.2490 0.0000
(include among the voting membership the very or) 47 7 1180 OUT
1404 482 2.2490 0.0000
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225 552 -0.7665 0.0000
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225 622 0.7528 0.0000
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1281 622 0.7528 0.0000
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(W) 1 0 55 OUT
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225 692 -1.8348 0.0000
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225 762 -4.0721 0.0000
(time.  ) 7 2 139 OUT
361 762 -4.0721 0.0000
(Also, it is not yet clear enough how F) 38 8 844 OUT
1201 762 -4.0721 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1394 762 -4.0721 0.0000
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(T) 1 0 36 OUT
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(rade-) 5 0 120 OUT
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(of) 2 0 49 OUT
273 832 -6.1686 0.0000
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1371 832 -6.1686 0.0000
(ganizational objectives during the next) 39 4 879 OUT
225 902 -0.0362 0.0000
(several months.) 15 1 366 OUT
SURSTR
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883 1022 -4.3278 0.0000
( cr) 3 1 62 OUT
944 1022 -4.3278 0.0000
(eating a non-voting associate membership category to) 52 6 1306 OUT
225 1092 12.6351 0.0000
(allow individuals not associated with a member organization to affiliate with) 77 10 2025 OUT
225 1162 -7.2916 -0.0358
(F) 1 0 36 OUT
256 1162 -7.2916 -0.0358
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
459 1162 -7.2916 -0.0358
( by paying modest dues that would bring with it entitlement to publications,) 76 12 1791 OUT
225 1232 -7.2916 -0.0583
(confer) 6 0 158 OUT
382 1232 -7.2916 -0.0583
(ences, forums, etc. not otherwise distributed outside of member) 63 8 1511 OUT
1892 1232 -7.2916 -0.0583
( organizations.) 15 1 358 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 1302 1.5316 0.0000
(This category of membership might well grow as F) 48 8 1208 OUT
1428 1302 1.5316 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1622 1302 1.5316 0.0000
( becomes more thoroughly) 24 3 628 OUT
225 1372 -2.1472 0.0000
(immersed in providing end user documentation, training, marketing materials, lobbying) 85 9 2025 OUT
225 1442 -0.0321 0.0000
(information, etc.) 17 1 387 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 1562 7.3803 0.0000
(Non-voting members and non-members should be encouraged to participate in) 73 9 2025 OUT
225 1632 -0.0208 0.0000
(F) 1 0 36 OUT
256 1632 -0.0208 0.0000
(ARNET's committees.) 19 1 554 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
810 1632 -0.0208 0.0000
(  See below) 11 3 270 OUT
1077 1632 -0.0208 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 1752 0.0000 -0.0009
(5.3.) 4 0 87 OUT
375 1752 -0.0869 0.0000
(Funding Options) 15 1 423 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 1872 -0.3976 0.0000
(If F) 4 1 85 OUT
306 1872 -0.3976 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
499 1872 -0.3976 0.0000
( is to become a stronger) 24 5 554 OUT
1051 1872 -0.3976 0.0000
(, more active, and more viable or) 33 6 769 OUT
1818 1872 -0.3976 0.0000
(ganization, it must) 19 2 432 OUT
225 1942 -2.8326 0.0000
(identify and exploit additional funding sources.  Hiring permanent staf) 71 9 1620 OUT
1844 1942 -2.8326 0.0000
(f and establishing) 18 2 406 OUT
225 2012 2.7000 0.0000
(an of) 5 1 121 OUT
345 2012 2.7000 0.0000
(fice will require a major budgetary increase.  \(See recommendation below under) 78 11 1905 OUT
225 2082 -2.9419 0.0000
(Internal Structure.\)  Potential funding sources include the following:  member dues, fees) 89 12 2025 OUT
225 2152 -0.0063 0.0000
(for services, grants, and awards.) 33 4 750 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 2272 -5.3048 0.0000
(W) 1 0 58 OUT
280 2272 -5.3048 0.0000
(e r) 3 1 61 OUT
340 2272 -5.3048 0.0000
(ecommend incr) 13 1 379 OUT
718 2272 -5.3048 0.0000
(easing the number) 17 2 449 OUT
1166 2272 -5.3048 0.0000
( of members and the amount of member) 36 7 962 OUT
2127 2272 -5.3048 0.0000
( dues) 5 1 123 OUT
225 2342 0.9589 0.0000
(as the major) 12 2 313 OUT
537 2342 0.9589 0.0000
( sour) 5 1 126 OUT
662 2342 0.9589 0.0000
(ce of new r) 11 3 273 OUT
934 2342 0.9589 0.0000
(evenue in the short term.) 25 4 624 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
1558 2342 0.9589 0.0000
(  Many current member or) 24 5 619 OUT
2176 2342 0.9589 0.0000
(ga-) 3 0 74 OUT
225 2412 0.9400 0.0000
(nizations indicated willingness to support F) 44 5 1020 OUT
1241 2412 0.9400 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1435 2412 0.9400 0.0000
( with increased funds to enable the) 35 6 815 OUT
225 2482 2.7759 0.0000
(or) 2 0 49 OUT
273 2482 2.7759 0.0000
(ganization to build its value-laden activities.  ) 49 7 1082 OUT
1354 2482 2.7759 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
1404 2482 2.7759 0.0000
(e believe F) 11 2 261 OUT
1661 2482 2.7759 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1854 2482 2.7759 0.0000
( could double its) 17 3 396 OUT
225 2552 -4.9580 0.0000
(current annual membership fee without any significant  drop in membership.  ) 76 12 1760 OUT
1981 2552 -4.9580 0.0000
(At the same) 11 2 269 OUT
225 2622 4.4946 0.0000
(time the Membership Committee should intensify its ef) 53 7 1323 OUT
1547 2622 4.4946 0.0000
(forts to increase membership.) 29 3 703 OUT
225 2692 -0.2705 0.0000
(Marketing should be aimed at existing and emer) 46 7 1124 OUT
1348 2692 -0.2705 0.0000
(ging state-based networks as well as at) 39 6 902 OUT
225 2762 7.7996 0.0000
(professional associations whose own members could benefit from F) 64 8 1647 OUT
1867 2762 7.7996 0.0000
(ARNET's wider) 13 1 383 OUT
225 2832 2.6438 0.0000
(charter) 7 0 162 OUT
384 2832 2.6438 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 49 OUT
429 2832 2.6438 0.0000
(As the number and type of or) 28 6 699 OUT
1128 2832 2.6438 0.0000
(ganizations proliferates, the Board may want to) 47 6 1122 OUT
225 2902 -1.9973 0.0000
(consider a sliding scale for member fees based on  the size and/or budget of the member) 87 16 2025 OUT
225 2972 -5.3077 0.0000
(or) 2 0 49 OUT
273 2972 -5.3077 0.0000
(ganization .  ) 14 3 285 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
557 2972 -5.3076 0.0000
(W) 1 0 58 OUT
612 2972 -5.3076 0.0000
(e r) 3 1 61 OUT
672 2972 -5.3076 0.0000
(ecommend that the Board r) 25 4 666 OUT
1337 2972 -5.3076 0.0000
(eview member) 12 1 356 OUT
1691 2972 -5.3076 0.0000
( fee amounts and scales) 23 4 559 OUT
225 3042 0.0000 -0.0046
(annually) 8 0 217 OUT
439 3042 0.0000 -0.0046
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
ENDPAGE
%%Page: 23 29
BEGPAGE
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 740 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
304 146 0.0071 0.0000
(Draft 2/4/91) 12 1 205 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 740 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
2070 137 0.0192 0.0000
(Page 23) 7 1 133 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 740 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
850 3163 -0.0103 0.0000
(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 272 0.0000 -0.0014
(5.) 2 0 44 OUT
450 272 0.0249 0.0000
(ORGANIZA) 8 0 321 OUT
766 272 0.0249 0.0000
(TIONAL DEVELOPMENT) 18 1 702 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 392 0.0000 -0.0009
(5.1.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 392 0.0000 0.0090
(By-Laws) 7 0 220 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 512 -3.6831 0.0000
(Many of the elements in this section of the report af) 53 10 1171 OUT
1470 512 -3.6831 0.0000
(fect and/or are af) 18 3 386 OUT
1855 512 -3.6831 0.0000
(fected by the bylaws) 20 3 470 OUT
300 582 -0.2148 0.0000
(of the newly incorporated F) 27 4 647 OUT
943 582 -0.2148 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1136 582 -0.2148 0.0000
( or) 3 1 63 OUT
1198 582 -0.2148 0.0000
(ganization.  ) 13 2 286 OUT
1483 582 -0.2148 0.0000
(Therefore,) 10 0 244 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
1728 582 -0.2148 0.0000
( we r) 5 2 123 OUT
1849 582 -0.2148 0.0000
(ecommend that the) 17 2 476 OUT
300 652 5.0974 0.0000
(Board r) 7 1 201 OUT
500 652 5.0974 0.0000
(eview the bylaws in light of the strategic plan.) 48 8 1173 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
1673 652 5.0975 0.0000
(  Naturally) 11 2 260 OUT
1929 652 5.0975 0.0000
(, the bylaws, the) 17 3 396 OUT
300 722 -2.1482 0.0000
(mission, and the principles of the or) 37 6 825 OUT
1124 722 -2.1482 0.0000
(ganization should work in concert flowing one from) 50 7 1201 OUT
300 792 -5.9947 0.0000
(the other) 9 1 200 OUT
496 792 -5.9947 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 32 OUT
527 792 -5.9947 0.0000
(The Board will probably not need to make many changes, but a review followed) 76 13 1798 OUT
300 862 1.1983 0.0000
(by a report to the membership will provide a more cohesive view of the or) 73 14 1750 OUT
2049 862 1.1983 0.0000
(ganization's) 12 0 276 OUT
300 932 -3.4656 0.0000
(overall structure and its relationship to strategy) 50 6 1077 OUT
1374 932 -3.4656 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 37 OUT
1409 932 -3.4656 0.0000
(This is also another opportunity to build) 41 6 916 OUT
300 1002 0.0094 0.0000
(consensus through communications.) 33 2 847 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1122 0.0000 -0.0009
(5.2.) 4 0 87 OUT
450 1122 0.0000 0.0050
(Participants) 12 0 305 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1242 5.2823 0.0000
(The recently adopted bylaws of the or) 37 6 916 OUT
1215 1242 5.2823 0.0000
(ganization state the following qualification for) 48 5 1110 OUT
300 1312 -3.2438 0.0000
(membership, "Membership shall be limited to or) 46 6 1114 OUT
1413 1312 -3.2438 0.0000
(ganizations and individuals subscribing) 39 3 912 OUT
300 1382 -3.5452 0.0000
(to the purpose of the F) 23 5 509 OUT
804 1382 -3.5452 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
995 1382 -3.5452 0.0000
(."  ) 4 2 60 OUT
1054 1382 -3.5452 0.0000
(The bylaws further state that there "shall be one class of) 58 10 1271 OUT
300 1452 -3.4189 0.0000
(voting members."  Minutes of the first meeting of the corporation indicate that the Board) 89 14 2025 OUT
300 1522 -0.0017 0.0000
(expects the bylaws may well be amended after the strategic planning process.) 76 11 1807 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1642 2.0540 0.0000
(W) 1 0 58 OUT
355 1642 2.0540 0.0000
(e r) 3 1 68 OUT
423 1642 2.0540 0.0000
(ecommend r) 10 1 311 OUT
733 1642 2.0540 0.0000
(estricting voting membership to organizations. ) 47 5 1183 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
1916 1642 2.0540 0.0000
( Individual mem-) 16 2 409 OUT
300 1712 -1.0680 0.0000
(bership ought to be provided for in some other way) 50 9 1187 OUT
1484 1712 -1.0680 0.0000
(.  It is conceivable that an individual) 39 7 841 OUT
300 1782 -5.8161 0.0000
(might join, pay the fee and, thus, under the current bylaws have the same voting privileges) 91 15 2025 OUT
300 1852 6.1932 0.0000
(as an or) 8 2 194 OUT
493 1852 6.1932 0.0000
(ganization.  ) 13 2 299 OUT
791 1852 6.1932 0.0000
(This is not only cumbersome, it is inequitable, and may lead to) 63 11 1534 OUT
300 1922 0.0459 0.0000
(dissatisfaction and divisiveness.) 33 2 747 OUT
300 2042 -4.3673 0.0000
(Since F) 7 1 172 OUT
468 2042 -4.3673 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
661 2042 -4.3673 0.0000
( has expressed a preference for a strategy which involves broad advocacy) 72 11 1664 OUT
300 2112 -1.1521 0.0000
(for research and education networking, ) 39 5 921 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
1221 2112 -1.1521 0.0000
(we r) 4 1 107 OUT
1327 2112 -1.1521 0.0000
(ecommend r) 10 1 308 OUT
1634 2112 -1.1521 0.0000
(etaining the pr) 15 2 364 OUT
1997 2112 -1.1521 0.0000
(ovision of the) 14 2 328 OUT
300 2182 -2.8140 0.0000
(bylaws that extends membership to any organization that subscribes to F) 71 10 1786 OUT
2082 2182 -2.8140 0.0000
(ARNET's) 7 0 243 OUT
300 2252 1.0559 0.0000
(purpose or) 10 1 272 OUT
571 2252 1.0559 0.0000
( mission.) 9 1 218 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
789 2252 1.0559 0.0000
(  ) 2 2 31 OUT
819 2252 1.0559 0.0000
(There was broad agreement at the Las ) 37 7 909 OUT
1727 2252 1.0559 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
1763 2252 1.0559 0.0000
(egas meeting that mem-) 22 3 562 OUT
300 2322 -5.2253 0.0000
(bership in F) 12 2 268 OUT
564 2322 -5.2253 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
757 2322 -5.2253 0.0000
( should be promoted as widely as possible throughout the networking) 67 10 1568 OUT
300 2392 -1.7544 0.0000
(community and new membership, particularly of state networks, should be encouraged.) 83 10 2025 OUT
300 2462 -4.3473 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
350 2462 -4.3473 0.0000
(e concur) 8 1 195 OUT
542 2462 -4.3473 0.0000
(.  Lobbying ef) 14 3 317 OUT
858 2462 -4.3473 0.0000
(forts on both the federal and state levels and advocacy within the) 66 11 1467 OUT
300 2532 4.6665 0.0000
(private sector and among potential users and in all sectors on behalf of users will be) 86 15 2025 OUT
300 2602 12.6996 0.0000
(enhanced by including an ever broader spectrum of participants.  Broadening the) 79 11 2025 OUT
300 2672 13.9549 0.0000
(membership, e.g., including commercial networks, for) 52 5 1336 OUT
1635 2672 13.9549 0.0000
(-profit networks, more state) 28 3 690 OUT
300 2742 -4.9749 0.0000
(networks, common carriers, government agencies, etc., may dilute F) 66 8 1556 OUT
1851 2742 -4.9749 0.0000
(ARNET's consensus) 17 1 474 OUT
300 2812 1.5737 0.0000
(on some parochial issues.  However) 34 5 847 OUT
1145 2812 1.5737 0.0000
(, the benefits to be gained from speaking with one) 50 9 1180 OUT
300 2882 -2.0700 0.0000
(voice on broader issues seems to most participants and to us to outweigh the advantages) 87 14 2025 OUT
300 2952 0.0011 0.0000
(inherent in a smaller) 21 3 478 OUT
775 2952 0.0011 0.0000
(, more narrow \(and possibly eroding\) membership base.) 53 7 1304 OUT
ENDPAGE
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/|______Times-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 740 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
786 3170 -0.0103 0.0000
(A Strategic Plan for the Federation of American Research Networks) 65 9 1137 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 740 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
217 150 0.0071 0.0000
(Draft 2/4/91) 12 1 205 OUT
SURSTR
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/|______Times-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 740 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
2088 147 0.0192 0.0000
(Page 22) 7 1 133 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
317 448 272 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
317 272 0.0000 0.0000
(4.2.4.) 6 0 131 OUT
504 1267 272 11 1 14  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false S_UNDERLINE
504 272 -0.0892 0.0000
(Collective Purchasing/Discounts) 31 1 763 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 392 8.7417 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
275 392 8.7417 0.0000
(e believe that F) 16 3 384 OUT
655 392 8.7417 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
849 392 8.7417 0.0000
( members underestimate the potential for savings and the) 56 8 1401 OUT
225 462 -7.2916 -0.1369
(importance of collective action regarding group purchasing agreements, volume discounts) 87 9 2025 OUT
225 532 -6.8938 0.0000
(and the like.  ) 15 4 288 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
512 532 -6.8940 0.0000
(W) 1 0 58 OUT
567 532 -6.8940 0.0000
(e r) 3 1 59 OUT
626 532 -6.8940 0.0000
(ecommend that the F) 19 3 506 OUT
1127 532 -6.8940 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
1330 532 -6.8940 0.0000
( Board consider) 15 2 382 OUT
1711 532 -6.8940 0.0000
( collective pur) 15 2 336 OUT
2046 532 -6.8940 0.0000
(chasing/) 8 0 204 OUT
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(discounts in light of r) 23 4 546 OUT
770 602 4.3612 0.0000
(ecent meetings with ) 20 3 517 OUT
1283 602 4.3612 0.0000
(ANS and the expr) 16 3 459 OUT
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(essed desir) 11 1 272 OUT
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(e of some) 9 2 239 OUT
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(members at the F) 16 3 439 OUT
660 672 1.2872 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 204 OUT
863 672 1.2872 0.0000
( meeting that the kind of negotiations held with ) 49 9 1199 OUT
2059 672 1.2872 0.0000
(ANS be) 6 1 191 OUT
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(held with other) 15 2 379 OUT
603 742 0.1046 0.0000
( curr) 5 1 125 OUT
727 742 0.1046 0.0000
(ent and potential pr) 20 3 494 OUT
1220 742 0.1046 0.0000
(oviders of inter) 16 2 379 OUT
1597 742 0.1046 0.0000
(-r) 2 0 45 OUT
1642 742 0.1046 0.0000
(egional connectivity) 20 1 494 OUT
2133 742 0.1046 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 862 -5.6090 0.0000
(Our interviews left us with the strong impression that F) 56 9 1241 OUT
1461 862 -5.6090 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1655 862 -5.6090 0.0000
( members care a great deal) 26 5 595 OUT
225 932 0.7192 0.0000
(about such matters as whether fees to connectivity providers will be based on usage or) 86 14 2025 OUT
225 1002 5.6448 0.0000
(capacity) 8 0 194 OUT
416 1002 5.6448 0.0000
(, whether commercial traf) 25 3 619 OUT
1034 1002 5.6448 0.0000
(fic should be handled at a premium price, whether) 49 8 1216 OUT
225 1072 13.6735 0.0000
(traf) 4 0 81 OUT
305 1072 13.6735 0.0000
(fic between research and educational institutions and providers of commercial) 77 9 1945 OUT
225 1142 1.7582 0.0000
(information services should be considered RcommercialS traf) 59 6 1433 OUT
1656 1142 1.7582 0.0000
(fic or usage in support of) 26 5 594 OUT
225 1212 -3.1627 0.0000
(research and education, and similar questions.  ) 48 7 1081 OUT
1305 1212 -3.1627 0.0000
(These issues af) 15 2 347 OUT
1651 1212 -3.1627 0.0000
(fect all member networks.) 25 3 599 OUT
225 1332 7.5135 0.0000
(Consequently) 12 0 321 OUT
542 1332 7.5135 0.0000
(, ) 2 1 37 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
579 1332 7.5132 0.0000
(we r) 4 1 116 OUT
694 1332 7.5132 0.0000
(ecommend that the Board constitute a Collective Pur) 51 7 1369 OUT
2062 1332 7.5132 0.0000
(chasing) 7 0 188 OUT
225 1402 -0.6747 0.0000
(committee to assess member) 26 3 702 OUT
926 1402 -0.6747 0.0000
( views on these and r) 21 5 513 OUT
1439 1402 -0.6747 0.0000
(elated matters ) 15 2 368 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
1807 1402 -0.6747 0.0000
(-- judging from the) 19 3 443 OUT
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(last meeting with ) 18 3 445 OUT
667 1472 9.6141 0.0000
(ANS, we believe that there is great consensus on several issues,) 64 10 1583 OUT
225 1542 -6.3717 0.0000
(including capacity rather than usage-based char) 47 5 1077 OUT
1301 1542 -6.3717 0.0000
(ging -- ) 8 2 159 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
1460 1542 -6.3718 0.0000
(and then to discuss and negotiate) 33 5 790 OUT
225 1612 -0.0019 0.0000
(with the various connectivity pr) 32 4 791 OUT
1014 1612 -0.0019 0.0000
(oviders as appr) 15 2 382 OUT
1396 1612 -0.0019 0.0000
(opriate.) 8 0 193 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
225 1732 3.1682 0.0000
(At the Las ) 11 3 267 OUT
491 1732 3.1682 0.0000
(V) 1 0 42 OUT
527 1732 3.1682 0.0000
(egas meeting, several individuals pointed to the benefits of BITNET) 67 9 1622 OUT
2148 1732 3.1682 0.0000
( and) 4 1 102 OUT
225 1802 10.9362 0.0000
(EDUCOM discounts for hardware \(and perhaps other items\).  Members may reap) 74 11 2025 OUT
225 1872 -7.2916 -0.2496
(substantial benefits from site licenses, volume purchasing discounts, and similar programs.) 91 10 2025 OUT
225 1942 -6.5438 0.0000
(There is strength in numbers.  F) 32 6 704 OUT
925 1942 -6.5438 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1118 1942 -6.5438 0.0000
( represents most research and education networks.) 49 6 1132 OUT
225 2012 8.0135 0.0000
(Thus ) 5 1 139 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
364 2012 8.0132 0.0000
(we r) 4 1 116 OUT
480 2012 8.0132 0.0000
(ecommend that the Collective Pur) 32 4 877 OUT
1356 2012 8.0132 0.0000
(chasing committee investigate such) 34 3 894 OUT
225 2082 5.8451 0.0000
(opportunities. ) 15 1 369 OUT
SURSTR
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/|______Times-Roman 140 100 mul 1000 div 1040 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
594 2082 5.8447 0.0000
( Such negotiations are likely to be time-consuming; nevertheless, we) 68 9 1656 OUT
225 2152 -5.4982 0.0000
(believe that many such programs will bring economic benefits that far outweigh the ef) 85 13 1942 OUT
2166 2152 -5.4982 0.0000
(fort) 4 0 84 OUT
225 2222 0.0253 0.0000
(spent to reach agreement.) 25 3 596 OUT
ENDPAGE
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300 272 6.2509 0.0000
(several months, NSF will be considering what to do after termination of the current) 83 13 2025 OUT
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(s) 1 0 23 OUT
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(deliberations.  ) 16 2 345 OUT
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(W) 1 0 55 OUT
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(e believe that F) 16 3 358 OUT
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(s voice should and must be heard.) 33 6 789 OUT
300 532 -1.5745 0.0000
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1810 532 -1.5745 0.0000
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(F) 1 0 32 OUT
328 792 -3.3903 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
521 792 -3.3903 0.0000
( has a vital interest in which NREN bill is passed and funded.  F) 65 14 1448 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
2158 792 -3.3903 0.0000
( should) 7 1 167 OUT
300 862 0.8299 0.0000
(consider whether it prefers state-based funding for networking, or some other strategy) 86 11 2014 OUT
2310 862 0.8299 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
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(Other issues include which federal agency should be the RleadS agency) 69 10 1611 OUT
1907 932 -4.4402 0.0000
(, the funding of K-) 19 4 418 OUT
300 1002 0.7343 0.0000
(12, programs for connecting small or economically disadvantaged institutions, groups,) 85 9 2025 OUT
300 1072 5.1839 0.0000
(and individuals, funding for academic and public libraries, and funding for directory) 85 11 2025 OUT
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(services, to mention just a few) 31 5 709 OUT
1006 1142 -0.0091 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
300 1262 8.4634 0.0000
(Besides these major issues, F) 29 4 716 OUT
1012 1262 8.4634 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1205 1262 8.4634 0.0000
( needs to coordinate and cooperate with other) 45 7 1120 OUT
300 1332 4.2883 0.0000
(or) 2 0 49 OUT
348 1332 4.2883 0.0000
(ganizations concerned with research, education, and networking, including, but not) 82 9 1977 OUT
300 1402 0.0009 0.0000
(limited to, EDUCOM, NTTF) 24 3 682 OUT
977 1402 0.0009 0.0000
(, CNI, CREN, ) 13 3 343 OUT
1318 1402 0.0009 0.0000
(ARL, and CAUSE.) 15 2 450 OUT
SURSTR
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/|______Times-Bold 140 100 mul 1000 div 1100 16  0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET
300 1522 -0.2368 0.0000
(W) 1 0 58 OUT
355 1522 -0.2368 0.0000
(e r) 3 1 66 OUT
420 1522 -0.2368 0.0000
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(Advocacy Committee to addr) 26 3 730 OUT
2113 1522 -0.2368 0.0000
(ess these) 9 1 212 OUT
300 1592 0.0100 0.0000
(issues and take action as deemed appr) 37 6 946 OUT
1245 1592 0.0100 0.0000
(opriate.) 8 0 193 OUT
SURSTR
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(4.2.3.) 6 0 131 OUT
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(Customer and NIC Services) 25 3 653 OUT
SURSTR
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( should of) 10 2 224 OUT
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(training.  ) 11 2 239 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
872 2042 6.9871 0.0000
( NIC might also provide a national user services hotline for) 60 10 1453 OUT
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(information regarding network services.  Economies of scale might be realized by) 80 11 2025 OUT
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(providing marketing support for the regionals, including brochures and documentation.) 85 9 2025 OUT
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(Some of the people we interviewed were concerned that the Internet Resources Guide was) 86 13 2025 OUT
300 2372 -7.2916 -0.0045
(not in the public domain, but rather was copyrighted by BBN.  ) 62 12 1386 OUT
1685 2372 -7.2916 -0.0045
(These people recommended) 24 2 640 OUT
300 2442 -6.0459 0.0000
(that a F) 8 2 163 OUT
459 2442 -6.0459 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
652 2442 -6.0459 0.0000
( NIC could incorporate this and other documentation, such as the RInternet) 74 11 1673 OUT
300 2512 3.1367 0.0000
(Accessible LibrariesS list, in a national yellow pages database and make them widely) 84 12 2025 OUT
300 2582 -4.8201 0.0000
(available for local printing and distribution.  ) 48 7 1013 OUT
1309 2582 -4.8201 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
1348 2582 -4.8201 0.0000
( F) 2 1 42 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1580 2582 -4.8201 0.0000
( NIC might also promote Special) 31 5 745 OUT
300 2652 -0.2251 0.0000
(Interest Groups \(af) 19 2 440 OUT
739 2652 -0.2251 0.0000
(finity groups\) to assist people and or) 38 6 851 OUT
1589 2652 -0.2251 0.0000
(ganizations who share common) 28 3 736 OUT
300 2722 0.0026 0.0000
(interests to make better use of the network and its resources.) 62 10 1407 OUT
300 2842 -6.7394 0.0000
(The development of such NIC capabilities and services will take time, ef) 72 11 1623 OUT
1922 2842 -6.7394 0.0000
(fort, and financial) 19 2 403 OUT
300 2912 0.9530 0.0000
(resources.  ) 12 2 266 OUT
SURSTR
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565 2912 0.9530 0.0000
(W) 1 0 58 OUT
620 2912 0.9530 0.0000
(e r) 3 1 67 OUT
686 2912 0.9530 0.0000
(ecommend that the Board establish a Customer) 44 6 1188 OUT
1873 2912 0.9530 0.0000
( and NIC Services) 17 3 452 OUT
300 2982 14.2574 0.0000
(Committee to prioritize, coordinate, and manage NIC and customer services) 73 9 2025 OUT
300 3052 0.0000 -0.0036
(activities.) 11 0 235 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(exchange, F) 11 1 282 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
696 1172 0.1566 0.0000
( has undertaken specific projects using volunteers.) 51 6 1175 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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( members and) 12 2 321 OUT
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(to the networking community generally) 37 4 912 OUT
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(, ) 2 1 26 OUT
SURSTR
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( the r) 6 2 123 OUT
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(emainder) 8 0 236 OUT
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( of this year) 13 3 279 OUT
1437 1432 -4.8715 0.0000
( and 1992) 9 2 230 OUT
SURSTR
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(.  ) 3 2 34 OUT
SURSTR
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(esour) 5 0 136 OUT
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(egas.) 5 0 121 OUT
SURSTR
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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( as) 3 1 63 OUT
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(an advocacy and customer support and services or) 48 7 1214 OUT
1438 1902 6.1303 0.0000
(ganization \(Endstate B\), the over) 33 4 794 OUT
2231 1902 6.1303 0.0000
(-) 1 0 19 OUT
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(whelming favorite.) 18 1 444 OUT
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(Nevertheless, ) 14 1 329 OUT
SURSTR
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( gr) 3 1 70 OUT
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(oup activities at this r) 24 4 539 OUT
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(educed level of effort.  ) 25 5 565 OUT
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(This) 4 0 110 OUT
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(committee should focus on activities other than customer and NIC services.) 74 10 1868 OUT
SURSTR
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(4.2.2.) 6 0 131 OUT
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(Advocacy) 8 0 236 OUT
SURSTR
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(fected in) 9 1 200 OUT
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(\(2\) the fate of NREN legislation.) 33 5 765 OUT
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(The current NSF program for supporting the backbone ends in November) 68 10 1853 OUT
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(, 1992.) 7 1 174 OUT
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(intends to terminate this program as soon after November) 56 8 1331 OUT
1554 3042 -1.6671 0.0000
(, 1992 as possible.  In the next) 32 7 696 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(inform, but do not state specific operational projects or activities.  Consequently) 83 11 1927 OUT
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SURSTR
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(e concr) 7 1 177 OUT
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(ojects and activities designed to achieve) 41 5 964 OUT
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(these objectives.) 17 1 402 OUT
SURSTR
SUSAVE
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(education through networking, then or) 37 4 900 OUT
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(ganizing a write-in campaign to assist F) 40 6 936 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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(member networks and individuals in explaining the benefits of the NREN bill to their) 84 13 2025 OUT
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(congressional delegations is a specific operational activity that implements the strategy) 89 10 2014 OUT
2310 1002 -1.6960 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
SURSTR
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(Feasibility) 11 0 246 OUT
SURSTR
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(Adopted strategies should also be feasible.  ) 45 7 961 OUT
1258 1242 -7.2916 -0.2621
(Although this seems self-evident, or) 36 4 805 OUT
2062 1242 -7.2916 -0.2621
(ganizations) 11 0 263 OUT
300 1312 0.5685 0.0000
(sometimes adopt strategies for which they are not well-suited.  For example, strategies) 87 12 2025 OUT
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(that depend upon F) 18 3 429 OUT
725 1382 -6.5752 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
918 1382 -6.5752 0.0000
( owning rather than leasing nation-wide transmission facilities) 63 7 1407 OUT
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(are unlikely to be successful, even though such a strategy is nominally consistent with) 87 13 2025 OUT
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(F) 1 0 32 OUT
328 1522 -0.1061 0.0000
(ARNET's mission.) 16 1 438 OUT
SURSTR
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(4.1.5.) 6 0 131 OUT
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(Consistent with Resources) 25 2 619 OUT
SURSTR
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
711 2605 -5.4420 0.0000
( as a network operator\) are much closer in degree of desirability:  2.6) 71 13 1539 OUT
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(and 2.9, respectively) 21 2 488 OUT
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(.  However) 10 2 263 OUT
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(, coupling that with the probability rating \(2.l and 4.0,) 57 9 1280 OUT
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(respectively\) suggests that the member representatives expect to continue to perform user) 89 11 2025 OUT
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(group functions .  ) 19 4 408 OUT
632 2815 -4.5572 0.0000
(The open discussion following the balloting bore that out.  Comparison) 70 10 1618 OUT
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(of the two ranking exercises also shows  remarkable consistency in member opinions and) 86 13 2025 OUT
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(corroborates the interviews and discussions we had both before and after the meeting.) 85 12 2000 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(Endstate B, that F) 18 3 405 OUT
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( does advocacy and user and NIC services.  User group activity) 62 11 1431 OUT
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(was a clear) 11 2 259 OUT
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(, close second.) 15 2 340 OUT
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(Using the preferences indicated on the initial ballots, we assigned each person to one of) 89 14 2025 OUT
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(five teams.  ) 13 3 283 OUT
580 1762 -0.6748 0.0000
(As in a debate, each team role-played a defence of one of the endstates.  ) 74 15 1685 OUT
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(T) 1 0 36 OUT
2296 1762 -0.6748 0.0000
(o) 1 0 29 OUT
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(help the teams analyze the endstate, each team was assigned a facilitator \(we drafted 3) 87 14 2025 OUT
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(F) 1 0 32 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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( members to assist us\) and given a list of issues that might be helpful to consider) 83 16 1804 OUT
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(in relation to the endstate and the endstate's impact on F) 58 10 1306 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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(dies, etc.) 10 1 167 OUT
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(2.) 2 0 35 OUT
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(Programmatic options; e.g., advocacy, clearinghouse functions, conferences, user group, NIC, NOC,) 97 10 1875 OUT
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(etc.) 4 0 67 OUT
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(3.) 2 0 35 OUT
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(Perceived needs of the regionals and their member organizations) 63 8 1249 OUT
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(4.) 2 0 35 OUT
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(Potential for revenue generation and self-support) 49 5 950 OUT
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(5.) 2 0 35 OUT
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(What kind of subsidies to the regionals and/or FARNET are required, if any?) 75 12 1478 OUT
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(6.) 2 0 35 OUT
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(Relations with other organizations) 34 3 667 OUT
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(7.) 2 0 35 OUT
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(The role of other non-profit associations concerned with networking issues) 74 9 1429 OUT
338 2721 0.0000 0.0509
(8.) 2 0 35 OUT
450 2721 6.1962 0.0000
(The pace of technology implementation in the various constituencies of higher education, e.g.,) 94 12 1875 OUT
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(community colleges, 4-year colleges, and universities) 53 5 1017 OUT
338 2821 0.0000 0.0509
(9.) 2 0 35 OUT
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(Standards for operating systems, applications, network transport, and network management) 88 9 1788 OUT
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(10.) 3 0 58 OUT
450 2871 -0.0079 0.0000
(The expansion of the Internet to a more global RworldnetS) 57 9 1107 OUT
338 2921 0.0000 0.0071
(11.) 3 0 58 OUT
450 2921 0.0084 0.0000
(The diversity of information resources on the network) 53 7 1037 OUT
338 2971 0.0000 0.0071
(12.) 3 0 58 OUT
450 2971 -0.0204 0.0000
(Cooperation or Competition among the players) 44 5 901 OUT
338 3021 0.0000 0.0071
(13.) 3 0 58 OUT
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(High margin, low volume niche information services vs. lower margin, high  volume mass information) 98 14 1875 OUT
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(role in 1995.  ) 15 4 302 OUT
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(These endstates were based on a combination of, first, F) 56 9 1258 OUT
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(ARNET's membersU) 16 1 470 OUT
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(, other community) 17 2 457 OUT
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(members' assessments, and finally) 33 3 789 OUT
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(political climate.  Each endstate specified options for inter) 61 8 1309 OUT
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(-regional connectivity) 22 1 507 OUT
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(, network) 9 1 214 OUT
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(management, NIC/customer services/marketing, computing and communications tech-) 79 6 2025 OUT
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(nology) 6 0 162 OUT
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( and other or) 13 3 293 OUT
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(ganizations in the networking community) 39 4 967 OUT
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(.) 1 0 15 OUT
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(The endstates were purposefully extreme and diver) 49 6 1175 OUT
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(gent and intended to capture bias and) 37 6 851 OUT
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(dif) 3 0 65 OUT
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(ferent points of view) 21 3 484 OUT
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(.) 1 0 15 OUT
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(Appendix, describe situations in which F) 40 5 943 OUT
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(Advocacy) 8 0 236 OUT
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(A) 1 0 42 OUT
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(way) 3 0 97 OUT
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(Drafts were distributed to members of the F) 43 7 1012 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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( strategic planning committee and a) 35 5 824 OUT
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(the various comments and suggestions received.  ) 48 7 1132 OUT
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(W) 1 0 55 OUT
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(e then circulated the final versions to) 39 6 843 OUT
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(the membership via e-mail.) 26 3 638 OUT
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(cise) 4 0 91 OUT
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ENDPAGE
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(W) 1 0 55 OUT
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(often expressed as was a sense of loss of mission or confidence in the or) 73 14 1593 OUT
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(ganization's ability) 20 1 433 OUT
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(to act or to move forward.  ) 28 7 663 OUT
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(ferences of) 11 1 261 OUT
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300 2062 8.8926 0.0000
(As a first step in identifying central issues facing the or) 59 10 1378 OUT
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(ganization, we interviewed) 26 2 648 OUT
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(members of the planning committee by phone, by e-mail, or in person .  In addition, we) 86 16 2025 OUT
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(spoke with other influential NREN community members in person or by telephone;  we) 82 13 2025 OUT
300 2272 2.4094 0.0000
(also attended meetings of other or) 34 5 804 OUT
1103 2272 2.4094 0.0000
(ganizations interested in network development.  ) 48 6 1147 OUT
2249 2272 2.4094 0.0000
(W) 1 0 55 OUT
2299 2272 2.4094 0.0000
(e) 1 0 26 OUT
300 2342 4.5587 0.0000
(developed a brief questionnaire to elicit F) 43 6 999 OUT
1295 2342 4.5587 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1488 2342 4.5587 0.0000
( membersU) 9 1 252 OUT
1736 2342 4.5587 0.0000
( opinions concerning the) 24 3 589 OUT
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(general climate for networking, the role of the regional and mid-level networks, the role) 89 13 2025 OUT
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(of F) 4 1 104 OUT
399 2482 8.1837 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
590 2482 8.1837 0.0000
(, and the issues currently facing the research and education networking) 71 10 1735 OUT
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(community) 9 0 266 OUT
562 2552 0.2860 0.0000
(.  ) 3 2 44 OUT
603 2552 0.2860 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
642 2552 0.2860 0.0000
( list of the questions is presented in the ) 43 9 924 OUT
1563 2552 0.2860 0.0000
(Appendix.) 9 0 245 OUT
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(The questionnaire, sent to all members via the [email protected]) 64 8 1508 OUT
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(g e-mail list eventually) 24 3 518 OUT
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(elicited written responses from about a dozen members.  Prompts and reminders were sent) 87 13 2025 OUT
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(to members both by the consultants and by members of the F) 58 11 1354 OUT
1650 2812 -6.3143 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1844 2812 -6.3143 0.0000
( planning committee.) 20 2 481 OUT
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(Although we would have preferred a higher response rate, the responses we did receive) 85 13 2025 OUT
300 2952 -3.2056 0.0000
(were extremely thoughtful and, therefore, quite helpful in developing alternative visions) 89 10 2025 OUT
300 3022 0.0102 0.0000
(of the future or Endstates.) 27 4 604 OUT
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(Deliver final report to FARNET.) 31 4 657 OUT
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(ganizational choices and recommendations.) 41 3 1049 OUT
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(of the reader) 13 2 321 OUT
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(F) 1 0 32 OUT
253 1472 0.4761 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
446 1472 0.4761 0.0000
( will have to decide how to implement the plan.  ) 49 11 1146 OUT
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(Therefore, Chapter 8 briefly) 28 3 659 OUT
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(considers the sequencing of priorities and steps in the next few years.  ) 73 13 1660 OUT
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(The appendices) 14 1 366 OUT
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(\(Chapter 9\) document the endstates for F) 40 6 920 OUT
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(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
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(project and the questionnaire sent to members of F) 50 8 1157 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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( and a few other leaders in the) 31 7 679 OUT
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(research and education networking community) 43 4 1074 OUT
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(.  ) 3 2 34 OUT
1328 1752 -5.1078 0.0000
(The appendix also contains the results of) 41 6 922 OUT
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(the brainstorm in Las ) 22 4 512 OUT
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(V) 1 0 42 OUT
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(egas on Rcritical success factors.S) 35 4 782 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(%) 1 0 20 OUT
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(%) 1 0 20 OUT
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(ARNETU) 6 0 214 OUT
1741 942 0.0028 0.0000
(s priorities.) 13 1 262 OUT
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(oject Plan) 10 1 248 OUT
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(Briefly) 7 0 165 OUT
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(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
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(networking that we call ) 24 4 564 OUT
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(%) 1 0 20 OUT
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(Assist F) 8 1 190 OUT
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(%) 1 0 20 OUT
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1753 1802 -0.0099 0.0000
(s goals and aspirations.) 24 3 541 OUT
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(T) 1 0 36 OUT
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(able 2.1 briefly summarizes the project plan and timetable.) 59 8 1370 OUT
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(T) 1 0 39 OUT
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(asks, and Key Dates for) 23 4 588 OUT
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( the ) 5 2 107 OUT
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(W) 1 0 58 OUT
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(eek Ending:) 11 1 300 OUT
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(December 5) 10 1 243 OUT
654 2298 -5.2124 0.0000
(Project Kickoff, test email connections with members of strategic planning committee) 84 10 1671 OUT
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(December 8) 10 1 243 OUT
654 2418 -5.7194 0.0000
(Circulate by email questionnaire on the future of FARNET to members of the Strategic) 84 13 1671 OUT
654 2478 -0.0141 0.0000
(Planning Committee and other interested people within FARNET.) 61 7 1325 OUT
338 2598 0.0205 0.0000
(December 15) 11 1 268 OUT
654 2598 0.0065 0.0000
(Final date for response to questionnaire.) 41 5 802 OUT
338 2718 0.0205 0.0000
(December 19) 11 1 268 OUT
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(Finish draft endstates for FARNET and circulate to Strategic Planning Committee) 79 10 1671 OUT
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(members for comment.) 20 2 465 OUT
338 2898 -0.0529 0.0000
(January 6) 9 1 193 OUT
654 2898 0.0017 0.0000
(Revise endstates and circulate final version to FARNET members.) 63 8 1331 OUT
338 3018 -0.0543 0.0000
(January 12) 10 1 218 OUT
654 3018 9.3342 0.0000
(Complete presentation on strategic alternatives and endstates for January 14-15) 79 9 1671 OUT
ENDPAGE
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(Science Foundation.  Recently) 29 3 712 OUT
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(, some small for profit companies without federal) 49 7 1151 OUT
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(government funding have formed to of) 36 5 905 OUT
1296 972 0.0013 0.0000
(fer similar services.) 21 2 458 OUT
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(%) 1 0 20 OUT
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452 1092 -4.9843 0.0000
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(Advanced) 8 0 236 OUT
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(Networks and Services, Inc. \(ANS\), a joint venture of IBM, MCI, and Merit.  ) 76 14 1819 OUT
2208 1162 -0.0852 0.0000
(A) 1 0 42 OUT
392 1232 2.6965 0.0000
(not-for) 7 0 162 OUT
553 1232 2.6965 0.0000
(-profit company) 15 1 380 OUT
929 1232 2.6965 0.0000
(, ) 2 1 32 OUT
958 1232 2.6965 0.0000
(ANS will manage NSFNET) 22 3 661 OUT
1618 1232 2.6965 0.0000
( under contract from Merit) 26 4 633 OUT
392 1302 1.3062 0.0000
(and NSF as well as provide a broad spectrum of network services in support of) 77 14 1858 OUT
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(research and education in universities, federal laboratories, and the private sector) 84 10 1847 OUT
2236 1372 -4.1383 0.0000
(.) 1 0 15 OUT
392 1442 -1.1866 0.0000
(Many questions have arisen in the community about the intended role and scope) 77 12 1858 OUT
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(of a national corporation and the potential relationship between mid-levels and) 79 10 1858 OUT
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(ANS and the NSF backbone.  Benefits and risks are being sorted out and weighed) 78 14 1858 OUT
392 1652 2.5768 0.0000
(while at the same time future funding models are debated.  ) 59 11 1412 OUT
1800 1652 2.5768 0.0000
(All of the potential) 20 3 450 OUT
392 1722 1.0127 0.0000
(options carry benefits and problems that demand a thoughtful, unified response) 78 10 1858 OUT
392 1792 0.1266 0.0000
(from F) 6 1 161 OUT
548 1792 0.1266 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
742 1792 0.1266 0.0000
( as the major spokesman for mid-level networks.) 47 7 1138 OUT
342 1912 0.0000 0.0000
(%) 1 0 20 OUT
392 1912 -3.1021 0.0000
(An additional major development over the past few years, the conver) 67 10 1581 OUT
1972 1912 -3.1021 0.0000
(gence of the) 12 2 279 OUT
392 1982 -3.1819 0.0000
(concerns of the data networking community and information resources providers) 77 9 1858 OUT
392 2052 -5.1979 0.0000
(and users has culminated this year in the formation of the Coalition for Networked) 82 13 1858 OUT
392 2122 -3.6003 0.0000
(Information \(CNI\), a coalition of EDUCOM, CAUSE, and ) 53 8 1356 OUT
1745 2122 -3.6003 0.0000
(ARL.  ) 6 2 153 OUT
1897 2122 -3.6003 0.0000
(The emer) 8 1 218 OUT
2114 2122 -3.6003 0.0000
(gence) 5 0 136 OUT
392 2192 1.7868 0.0000
(of the multitude of issues associated with providing both common good shared) 76 11 1858 OUT
392 2262 -6.6725 0.0000
(resources, fee for service resources, and mixed resources to users in both the public) 85 13 1858 OUT
392 2332 -7.2916 -0.0819
(and private sectors is another indication that the research and education community) 83 11 1858 OUT
392 2402 -5.8970 0.0000
(must recast and rethink funding and management issues.  Debates are raging about) 80 12 1858 OUT
392 2472 1.8961 0.0000
(the meaning, the sequencing, and appropriate approaches to commercialization) 76 8 1858 OUT
392 2542 -1.1735 0.0000
(and privatization.  Policy debates and planning strategies need to keep pace, and) 81 12 1858 OUT
392 2612 0.0008 0.0000
(in some instances to catch up with the growth of the physical network.) 70 12 1644 OUT
225 2732 -3.3063 0.0000
(This report identifies specific strategies that F) 49 6 1049 OUT
1270 2732 -3.3063 0.0000
(ARNET) 5 0 194 OUT
1463 2732 -3.3063 0.0000
( has chosen to navigate the rapidly) 35 6 787 OUT
225 2802 0.0164 0.0000
(changing research and education networking.environment.) 55 4 1367 OUT
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(with vendors, government, and other or) 38 5 875 OUT
1174 742 -7.2916 -0.2807
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300 812 -0.0021 0.0000
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521 932 -6.3393 0.0000
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1550 932 -6.3393 0.0000
(ganization.  ) 13 2 274 OUT
1823 932 -6.3393 0.0000
(T) 1 0 36 OUT
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(funding for backbone services will also be required.) 52 7 1211 OUT
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ENDPAGE
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ENDPAGE
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