PART 63--CERTIFICATION: FLIGHT CREWMEMBERS OTHER THAN PILOTS
Special Federal Aviation Regulations
SFAR No. 58 [Note]
SFAR No. 63
Subpart A--General
Sec.
63.1 Applicability.
63.2 Certification of foreign flight crewmembers other than pilots.
63.3 Certificates and ratings required.
63.11 Application and issue.
63.12 Offenses involving alcohol or drugs.
63.12a Refusal to submit to an alcohol test or to furnish test results.
63.12b Refusal to submit to a drug or alcohol test.
63.13 Temporary certificate.
63.15 Duration of certificates.
63.15a [Reserved]
63.16 Change of name; replacement of lost or destroyed certificate.
63.17 Tests: General procedure.
63.18 Written tests: Cheating or other unauthorized conduct.
63.19 Operations during physical deficiency.
63.20 Applications, certificates, logbooks, reports, and records;
falsification, reproduction, or alteration.
63.21 Change of address.
63.23 Special purpose flight engineer and flight navigator certificates:
Operation of U.S.-registered civil airplanes leased by a person not a
U.S. citizen.
Subpart B--Flight Engineers
63.31 Eligibility requirements; general.
63.33 Aircraft ratings.
63.35 Knowledge requirements.
63.37 Aeronautical experience requirements.
63.39 Skill requirements.
63.41 Retesting after failure.
63.42 Flight engineer certificate issued on basis of a foreign flight
engineer license.
63.43 Flight engineer courses.
Appendix A to Part 63--Test Requirements For Flight Navigator Certificate
Appendix B to Part 63--Flight Navigator Training Course Requirements
Appendix C to Part 63--Flight Engineer Training Course Requirements
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 1354(a), 1355, 1421, 1422, 1427, 1429, and 1430
(revised, Pub. L. 102-143, October 28, 1991); 49 U.S.C. 106(g) (revised,
Pub.
L. 97-449, January 12, 1983).
Special Federal Aviation Regulations
SFAR No. 58
Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 58, see part 121 of this chapter.
SUMMARY: This Special Federal Aviation Regulation (SFAR) establishes a
voluntary, alternative method for the training, evaluation, certification,
and qualification requirements of flight crewmembers, flight attendants,
aircraft dispatchers, instructors, evaluators and other operations personnel
subject to the training and qualification requirements of 14 CFR parts 121
and 135. The FAA has developed this alternative method in response to
recommendations made by representatives from the government, airlines,
aircrew professional organizations, and airline industry organizations. The
SFAR is designed to improve aircrew performance and allows certificate
holders that are subject to the training requirements of parts 121 and 135
to
develop innovative training programs that incorporate the most recent
advances in training methods and techniques.
SFAR No. 63--Relief For Participants in Operation Desert Shield/Storm
Sections
1. Applicability.
2. Required documents.
3. Expiration date.
1. Applicability. Contrary provisions of part 63 notwithstanding, under
the
procedures prescribed herein, Flight Standards District Offices (FSDO) are
authorized to accept an expired written test report to show eligibility
under
Secs. 63.33 and 63.57 to take a flight/practical test, provided--
a. It is submitted by a civilian or military person who served in support
of Operation Desert Shield/Storm during the time period from August 2, 1990
to December 31, 1992;
b. The person's airman written test report expired within the time period
from 60 days prior to assignment to 60 days after reassignment from support
of Operation Desert Shield/Storm; and
c. The person completes the required flight/practical test within 6
calendar months following the date of reassignment from Operation Desert
Shield/Storm or by December 31, 1992, whichever date is sooner.
2. Required documents. The FSDO and applicant shall include one of the
following documents with the airman application, and the documents must show
the dates of assignment to and reassignment from support of Operation Desert
Shield/Storm:
a. Official government documents showing the person was a civilian on
official duty for the United States Government in support of Operation
Desert
Shield/Storm during the time period from August 2, 1990 to December 31,
1992;
b. Military orders showing the person was a member of the uniformed
services assigned to duty in support of Operation Desert Shield/Storm during
the time period from August 2, 1990 to December 31, 1992;
c. Military orders showing the person was an active member of the National
Guard or Reserve called to active duty in support of Operation Desert
Shield/
Storm during the time period from August 2, 1990 to December 31, 1992; or
d. A letter from the unit commander providing inclusive dates during which
the person served in support of Operation Desert Shield/Storm during the
time
period from August 2, 1990 to December 31, 1992.
3. Expiration date. This SFAR expires December 31, 1992, unless sooner
superseded or rescinded.
SUMMARY: The FAA is issuing this Special Federal Aviation Regulation
(SFAR)
to provide certain regulatory relief to civilian and military personnel who
have been or are serving in an assignment in support of Operation Desert
Shield/Storm during the time period from August 2, 1990 to December 31,
1992.
This SFAR permits Flight Standards District Offices (FSDO) to accept expired
flight instructor certificates, inspection authorizations, and/or airman
written test reports for meeting certain eligibility requirements under the
current rules. This action is necessary because the FAA has determined that
these personnel may be unable to meet the regulatory time limits of their
flight instructor certificate, inspection authorization, and/or airman
written test report as a result of their assignment. This action is intended
to alleviate potential hardships that result from the imposition of time
requirements established in the regulations on flight instructor
certificates, inspection authorizations, and/or airman written test reports.
This part prescribes the requirements for issuing flight engineer and
flight navigator certificates and the general operating rules for holders of
those certificates.
Sec. 63.2 Certification of foreign flight crewmembers other than pilots.
A person who is neither a United States citizen nor a resident alien is
issued a certificate under this part (other than under Sec. 63.23 or Sec.
63.42) outside the United States only when the Administrator finds that the
certificate is needed for the operation of a U.S.-registered civil aircraft.
(Secs. 313, 601, 602, Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C.
1354, 1421, and 1422); sec. 6(c), Department of Transportation Act (49
U.S.C.
1655(c)); Title V, Independent Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 (31 U.S.C.
483(a)); sec. 28, International Air Transportation Competition Act of 1979
(49 U.S.C. 1159(b)))
[Amdt. 63-22, 47 FR 35693, Aug. 18, 1982]
Sec. 63.3 Certificates and ratings required.
(a) No person may act as a flight engineer of a civil aircraft of U.S.
registry unless he has in his personal possession a current flight engineer
certificate with appropriate ratings issued to him under this part and a
second-class (or higher) medical certificate issued to him under Part 67 of
this chapter within the preceding 12 months. However, when the aircraft is
operated within a foreign country, a current flight engineer certificate
issued by the country in which the aircraft is operated, with evidence of
current medical qualification for that certificate, may be used. Also, in
the
case of a flight engineer certificate issued under Sec. 63.42, evidence of
current medical qualification accepted for the issue of that certificate@s
used in place of a medical certificate.
(b) No person may act as a flight navigator of a civil aircraft of U.S.
registry unless he has in his personal possession a current flight navigator
certificate issued to him under this part and a second-class (or higher)
medical certificate issued to him under Part 67 of this chapter within the
preceding 12 months. However, when the aircraft is operated within a foreign
country, a current flight navigator certificate issued by the country in
which the aircraft is operated, with evidence of current medical
qualification for that certificate, may be used.
(c) Each person who holds a flight engineer or flight navigator
certificate, or medical certificate, shall present either or both for
inspection upon the request of the Administrator or an authorized
representative of the National Transportation Safety Board, or of any
Federal, State, or local law enforcement officer.
(a) An application for a certificate and appropriate class rating, or for
an additional rating, under this part must be made on a form and in a manner
prescribed by the Administrator. Each person who is neither a United States
citizen nor a resident alien and applies for a written or practical test to
be administered outside the United States for any certificate or rating
issued under this part must show evidence that the fee prescribed in
Appendix
A of Part 187 of this chapter has been paid.
(b) An applicant who meets the requirements of this part is entitled to an
appropriate certificate and appropriate class ratings.
(c) Unless authorized by the Administrator, a person whose flight engineer
certificate is suspended may not apply for any rating to be added to that
certificate during the period of suspension.
(d) Unless the order of revocation provides otherwise, a person whose
flight engineer or flight navigator certificate is revoked may not apply for
the same kind of certificate for 1 year after the date of revocation.
(Secs. 313, 601, 602, Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C.
1354, 1421, and 1422); sec. 6(c), Department of Transportation Act (49
U.S.C.
1655(c)); Title V, Independent Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 (31 U.S.C.
483(a)); sec. 28, International Air Transportation Competition Act of 1979
(49 U.S.C. 1159(b)))
[Doc. No. 1179, 27 FR 7969, Aug. 10, 1962, as amended by Amdt. 63-3, 30 FR
14559, Nov. 23, 1965; Amdt. 63-7, 31 FR 13523, Oct. 20, 1966; Doc. 63-22, 47
FR 35693, Aug. 16, 1982]
Sec. 63.12 Offenses involving alcohol or drugs.
(a) A conviction for the violation of any Federal or state statute
relating
to the growing, processing, manufacture, sale, disposition, possession,
transportation, or importation of narcotic drugs, marihuana, or depressant
or
stimulant drugs or substances is grounds for--
(1) Denial of an application for any certificate or rating issued under
this part for a period of up to 1 year after the date of final conviction;
or
(2) Suspension or revocation of any certificate or rating issued under
this
Part.
(b) The commission of an act prohibited by Sec. 91.17(a) or Sec. 91.19(a)
of this chapter is grounds for--
(1) Denial of an application for a certificate or rating issued under this
part for a period of up to 1 year after the date of that act; or
(2) Suspension or revocation of any certificate or rating issued under
this
part.
[Doc. No. 21956, Amdt. 63-23, 50 FR 15379, Apr. 17, 1985, as amended by
Amdt.
63-27, 54 FR 34330, Aug. 18, 1989]
Effective Date Note: At 54 FR 34330, August 18, 1989, Sec. 63.12 was
amended by changing the cross reference "Sec. 91.11(a) or Sec. 91.12(a)" to
read "Sec. 91.17(a) or Sec. 91.19(a)", effective August 18, 1990.
Sec. 63.12a Refusal to submit to an alcohol test or to furnish test
results.
A refusal to submit to a test to indicate the percentage by weight of
alcohol in the blood, when requested by a law enforcement officer in
accordance with Sec. 91.11(c) of this chapter, or a refusal to furnish or
authorize the release of the test results when requested by the
Administrator
in accordance with Sec. 91.17 (c) or (d) of this chapter, is grounds for--
(a) Denial of an application for any certificate or rating issued under
this part for a period of up to 1 year after the date of that refusal; or
(b) Suspension or revocation of any certificate or rating issued under
this
part.
[Docket No. 21956, Amdt. 63-24, 51 FR 1229, Jan. 9, 1986, as amended by
Amdt.
63-27, 54 FR 34330, Aug. 18, 1989]
Effective Date Note: At 54 FR 34330, August 18, 1989, Sec. 63.12a was
amended by changing the cross reference "Sec. 91.11 (c) or (d)" to read
"Sec.
91.17 (c) or (d)", effective August 18, 1990.
Sec. 63.12b Refusal to submit to a drug or alcohol test.
(a) This section applies to an employee who performs a function listed in
appendix I or appendix J to part 121 of this chapter directly or by contract
for a part 121 certificate holder, a part 135 certificate holder, or an
operator as defined in Sec. 135.1(c) of this chapter.
(b) Refusal by the holder of a certificate issued under this part to take
a
drug test required under the provisions of appendix I to part 121 or an
alcohol test required under the provisions of appendix J to part 121 is
grounds for--
(1) Denial of an application for any certificate or rating issued under
this part for a period of up to 1 year after the date of such refusal; and
(2) Suspension or revocation of any certificate or rating issued under
this
part.
SUMMARY: This final rule prescribes regulations establishing the aviation
industry alcohol misuse prevention program. It includes requirements for an
alcohol testing program for air carrier employees who perform safety-
sensitive duties, in implementation of the FAA-related provisions of the
Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991, which was enacted on
October 28, 1991. Employees who perform safety-sensitive duties directly or
by contract for aviation employers that hold a certificate issued under
certain FAA regulations, operators as defined in the regulations, or air
traffic control facilities not operated by the FAA or the U.S. military must
be subject to an FAA-mandated alcohol misuse prevention program (AMPP). This
final rule requires alcohol testing of these employees, proscribes certain
alcohol-related conduct, and establishes specified consequences for engaging
in alcohol misuse. Employers must provide written materials to covered
employees explaining the program and educating employees about the dangers
of
alcohol misuse. Employers must also submit reports to the FAA on the results
of the program. This rule is intended to ensure that public safety is
maintained by preventing alcohol misuse by safety-sensitive aviation
employees.
A certificate effective for a period of not more than 120 days may be
issued to a qualified applicant, pending review of his application and
supplementary documents and the issue of the certificate for which he
applied.
[Doc. No. 1179, 27 FR 7969, Aug. 10, 1962, as amended by Amdt. 63-19, 43 FR
22639, May 25, 1978]
Sec. 63.15 Duration of certificates.
(a) Except as provided in Sec. 63.23 and paragraph (b) of this section, a
certificate or rating issued under this part is effective until it is
surrendered, suspended, or revoked.
(b) A flight engineer certificate (with any amendment thereto) issued
under
Sec. 63.42 expires at the end of the 24th month after the month in which the
certificate was issued or renewed. However, the holder may exercise the
privileges of that certificate only while the foreign flight engineer
license
on which that certificate is based is effective.
(c) Any certificate issued under this part ceases to be effective if it is
surrendered, suspended, or revoked. The holder of any certificate issued
under this part that is suspended or revoked shall, upon the Administrator's
request, return it to the Administrator.
(Sec. 6, 80 Stat. 937, 49 U.S.C. 1655; secs. 313, 601, 602, Federal Aviation
Act of 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C. 1354, 1421, and 1422); sec. 6(c),
Department of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 1655(c)); Title V, Independent
Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 (31 U.S.C. 483(a)); sec. 28,
International
Air Transportation Competition Act of 1979 (49 U.S.C. 1159(b)))
[Amdt. 63-9, 33 FR 18613, Dec. 17, 1968, as amended by Amdt. 63-22, 47 FR
35693, Aug. 16, 1982]
Sec. 63.15a [Reserved]
Sec. 63.16 Change of name; replacement of lost or destroyed certificate.
(a) An application for a change of name on a certificate issued under this
part must be accompanied by the applicant's current certificate and the
marriage license, court order, or other document verifying the change. The
documents are returned to the applicant after inspection.
(b) An application for a replacement of a lost or destroyed certificate is
made by letter to the Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation
Administration, Airman Certification Branch, Post Office Box 25082, Oklahoma
City, Okla. 73125. The letter must--
(1) Contain the name in which the certificate was issued, the permanent
mailing address (including zip code), social security number (if any), and
date and place of birth of the certificate holder, and any available
information regarding the grade, number, and date of issue of the
certificate, and the ratings on it; and
(2) Be accompanied by a check or money order for $2, payable to the
Federal
Aviation Administration.
(c) An application for a replacement of a lost or destroyed medical
certificate is made by letter to the Department of Transportation, Federal
Aviation Administration, Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical
Certification Branch, Post Office Box 25082, Oklahoma City, Okla. 73125,
accompanied by a check or money order for $2.00.
(d) A person whose certificate issued under this part or medical
certificate, or both, has been lost may obtain a telegram from the Federal
Aviation Administration confirming that it was issued. The telegram may be
carried as a certificate for a period not to exceed 60 days pending his
receiving a duplicate under paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, unless he
has been notified that the certificate has been suspended or revoked. The
request for such a telegram may be made by prepaid telegram, stating the
date
upon which a duplicate certificate was requested, or including the request
for a duplicate and a money order for the necessary amount. The request for
a
telegraphic certificate should be sent to the office prescribed in paragraph
(b) or (c) of this section, as appropriate. However, a request for both at
the same time should be sent to the office prescribed in paragraph (b) of
this section.
(a) Tests prescribed by or under this part are given at times and places,
and by persons, designated by the Administrator.
(b) The minimum passing grade for each test is 70 percent.
Sec. 63.18 Written tests: Cheating or other unauthorized conduct.
(a) Except as authorized by the Administrator, no person may--
(1) Copy, or intentionally remove, a written test under this part;
(2) Give to another, or receive from another, any part or copy of that
test;
(3) Give help on that test to, or receive help on that test from, any
person during the period that test is being given.
(4) Take any part of that test in behalf of another person;
(5) Use any material or aid during the period that test is being given; or
(6) Intentionally cause, assist, or participate in any act prohibited by
this paragraph.
(b) No person who commits an act prohibited by paragraph (a) of this
section is eligible for any airman or ground instructor certificate or
rating
under this chapter for a period of 1 year after the date of that act. In
addition, the commission of that act is a basis for suspending or revoking
any airman or ground instructor certificate or rating held by that person.
[Amdt. 63-2, 30 FR 2196, Feb. 18, 1965]
Sec. 63.19 Operations during physical deficiency.
No person may serve as a flight engineer or flight navigator during a
period of known physical deficiency, or increase in physical deficiency,
that
would make him unable to meet the physical requirements for his current
medical certificate.
Sec. 63.20 Applications, certificates, logbooks, reports, and records;
falsification, reproduction, or alteration.
(a) No person may make or cause to be made--
(1) Any fraudulent or intentionally false statement on any application for
a certificate or rating under this part;
(2) Any fraudulent or intentionally false entry in any logbook, record, or
report that is required to be kept, made, or used, to show compliance with
any requirement for any certificate or rating under this part;
(3) Any reproduction, for fraudulent purpose, of any certificate or rating
under this part; or
(4) Any alteration of any certificate or rating under this part.
(b) The commission by any person of an act prohibited under paragraph (a)
of this section is a basis for suspending or revoking any airman or ground
instructor certificate or rating held by that person.
[Amdt. 63-2, 30 FR 2196, Feb. 18, 1965]
Sec. 63.21 Change of address.
Within 30 days after any change in his permanent mailing address, the
holder of a certificate issued under this part shall notify the Department
of
Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Airman Certification
Branch,
Post Office Box 25082, Oklahoma City, Okla. 73125, in writing, of his new
address.
[Amdt. 63-12, 35 FR 14075, Sept. 4, 1970]
Sec. 63.23 Special purpose flight engineer and flight navigator
certificates: Operation of U.S.-registered civil airplanes leased by a
person not a U.S. citizen.
(a) General. The holder of a current foreign flight engineer or flight
navigator certificate, license, or authorization issued by a foreign
contracting State to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, who
meets the requirements of this section, may hold a special purpose flight
engineer or flight navigator certificate, as appropriate, authorizing the
holder to perform flight engineer or flight navigator duties on a civil
airplane of U.S. registry, leased to a person not a citizen of the United
States, carrying persons or property for compensation or hire. Special
purpose flight engineer and flight navigator certificates are issued under
this section only for airplane types that can have a maximum passenger
seating configuration, excluding any flight crewmember seat, of more than 30
seats or a maximum payload capacity (as defined in Sec. 135.2(e) of this
chapter) of more than 7,500 pounds.
(b) Eligibility. To be eligible for the issuance, or renewal, of a
certificate under this section, an applicant must present the following to
the Administrator:
(1) A current foreign flight engineer or flight navigator certificate,
license, or authorization issued by the aeronautical authority of a foreign
contracting State to the Convention on International Civil Aviation or a
facsimile acceptable to the Administrator. The certificate or license must
authorize the applicant to perform the flight engineer or flight navigator
duties to be authorized by a certificate issued under this section on the
same airplane type as the leased airplane.
(2) A current certification by the lessee of the airplane--
(i) Stating that the applicant is employed by the lessee;
(ii) Specifying the airplane type on which the applicant will perform
flight engineer or flight navigator duties; and
(iii) Stating that the applicant has received ground and flight
instruction
which qualifies the applicant to perform the duties to be assigned on the
airplane.
(3) Documentation showing that the applicant currently meets the medical
standards for the foreign flight engineer or flight navigator certificate,
license, or authorization required by paragraph (b)(1) of this section,
except that a U.S. medical certificate issued under Part 67 of this chapter
is not evidence that the applicant meets those standards unless the State
which issued the applicant's foreign flight engineer or flight navigator
certificate, license, or authorization accepts a U.S. medical certificate as
evidence of medical fitness for a flight engineer or flight navigator
certificate, license, or authorization.
(c) Privileges. The holder of a special purpose flight engineer or flight
navigator certificate issued under this section may exercise the same
privileges as those shown on the certificate, license, or authorization
specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, subject to the limitations
specified in this section.
(d) Limitations. Each certificate issued under this section is subject to
the following limitations:
(1) It is valid only--
(i) For flights between foreign countries and for flights in foreign air
commerce;
(ii) While it and the certificate, license, or authorization required by
paragraph (b)(1) of this section are in the certificate holder's personal
possession and are current;
(iii) While the certificate holder is employed by the person to whom the
airplane described in the certification required by paragraph (b)(2) of this
section is leased;
(iv) While the certificate holder is performing flight engineer or flight
navigator duties on the U.S.-registered civil airplane described in the
certification required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section; and
(v) While the medical documentation required by paragraph (b)(3) of this
section is in the certificate holder's personal possession and is currently
valid.
(2) Each certificate issued under this section contains the following:
(i) The name of the person to whom the U.S.-registered civil airplane is
leased.
(ii) The type of airplane.
(iii) The limitation: "Issued under, and subject to, Sec. 63.23 of the
Federal Aviation Regulations."
(iv) The limitation: "Subject to the privileges and limitations shown on
the holder's foreign flight (engineer or navigator) certificate, license, or
authorization."
(3) Any additional limitations placed on the certificate which the
Administrator considers necessary.
(e) Termination. Each special purpose flight engineer or flight navigator
certificate issued under this section terminates--
(1) When the lease agreement for the airplane described in the
certification required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section terminates;
(2) When the foreign flight engineer or flight navigator certificate,
license, or authorization, or the medical documentation required by
paragraph
(b) of this section is suspended, revoked, or no longer valid; or
(3) After 24 months after the month in which the special purpose flight
engineer or flight navigator certificate was issued.
(f) Surrender of certificate. The certificate holder shall surrender the
special purpose flight engineer or flight navigator certificate to the
Administrator within 7 days after the date it terminates.
(g) Renewal. The certificate holder may have the certificate renewed by
complying with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section at the time
of application for renewal.
(Secs. 313(a), 601, and 602, Federal Aviation Act of 1958; as amended (49
U.S.C. 1354(a), 1421, and 1422); sec. 6(c), Department of Transportation Act
(49 U.S.C. 1655(c)))
To be eligible for a flight engineer certificate, a person must--
(a) Be at least 21 years of age;
(b) Be able to read, speak, and understand the English language, or have
an
appropriate limitation placed on his flight engineer certificate;
(c) Hold at least a second-class medical certificate issued under Part 67
of this chapter within the 12 months before the date he applies, or other
evidence of medical qualification accepted for the issue of a flight
engineer
certificate under Sec. 63.42; and
(d) Comply with the requirements of this subpart that apply to the rating
he seeks.
(a) The aircraft class ratings to be placed on flight engineer
certificates
are--
(1) Reciprocating engine powered;
(2) Turbopropeller powered; and
(3) Turbojet powered.
(b) To be eligible for an additional aircraft class rating after his
flight
engineer certificate with a class rating is issued to him, an applicant must
pass the written test that is appropriate to the class of airplane for which
an additional rating is sought, and--
(1) Pass the flight test for that class of aircraft; or
(2) Satisfactorily complete an approved flight engineer training program
that is appropriate to the additional class rating sought.
Sec. 63.35 Knowledge requirements.
(a) An applicant for a flight engineer certificate must pass a written
test
on the following:
(1) The regulations of this chapter that apply to the duties of a flight
engineer.
(2) The theory of flight and aerodynamics.
(3) Basic meteorology with respect to engine operations.
(4) Center of gravity computations.
(b) An applicant for the original or additional issue of a flight engineer
class rating must pass a written test for that airplane class on the
following:
(1) Preflight.
(2) Airplane equipment.
(3) Airplane systems.
(4) Airplane loading.
(5) Airplane procedures and engine operations with respect to limitations.
(6) Normal operating procedures.
(7) Emergency procedures.
(8) Mathematical computation of engine operations and fuel consumption.
(c) Before taking the written tests prescribed in paragraphs (a) and (b)
of
this section, an applicant for a flight engineer certificate must present
satisfactory evidence of having completed one of the experience requirements
of Sec. 63.37. However, he may take the written tests before acquiring the
flight training required by Sec. 63.37.
(d) An applicant for a flight engineer certificate or rating must have
passed the written tests required by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section
since the beginning of the 24th calendar month before the month in which the
flight is taken. However, this limitation does not apply to an applicant for
a flight engineer certificate or rating if--
(1) The applicant--
(i) Within the period ending 24 calendar months after the month in which
the applicant passed the written test, is employed as a flight crewmember or
mechanic by a U.S. air carrier or commercial operator operating either under
Part 121 or as a commuter air carrier under Part 135 (as defined in Part 298
of this title) and is employed by such a certificate holder at the time of
the flight test;
(ii) If employed as a flight crewmember, has completed initial training,
and, if appropriate, transition or upgrade training; and
(iii) Meets the recurrent training requirements of the applicable part or,
for mechanics, meets the recency of experience requirements of Part 65; or
(2) Within the period ending 24 calendar months after the month in which
the applicant passed the written test, the applicant participated in a
flight
engineer or maintenance training program of a U.S. scheduled military air
transportation service and is currently participating in that program.
(e) An air carrier or commercial operator with an approved training
program
under Part 121 of this chapter may, when authorized by the Administrator,
provide as part of that program a written test that it may administer to
satisfy the test required for an additional rating under paragraph (b) of
this section.
(Sec. 6, 80 Stat. 937, 49 U.S.C. 1655; secs. 313(a), 601 through 605 of the
Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1354(a), 1421 through 1425); sec.
6(c), Department of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 1655(c)); and 14 CFR
11.49)
[Doc. No. 1179, 27 FR 7969, Aug. 10, 1962, as amended by Amdt. 63-17, 40 FR
32830, Aug. 5, 1975; Doc. 63-21, 47 FR 13316, Mar. 29, 1982]
Sec. 63.37 Aeronautical experience requirements.
(a) Except as otherwise specified therein, the flight time used to satisfy
the aeronautical experience requirements of paragraph (b) of this section
must have been obtained on an airplane--
(1) On which a flight engineer is required by this chapter; or
(2) That has at least three engines that are rated at least 800 horsepower
each or the equivalent in turbine-powered engines.
(b) An applicant for a flight engineer certificate with a class rating
must
present, for the class rating sought, satisfactory evidence of one of the
following:
(1) At least 3 years of diversified practical experience in aircraft and
aircraft engine maintenance (of which at least 1 year was in maintaining
multiengine aircraft with engines rated at least 800 horsepower each, or the
equivalent in turbine engine powered aircraft), and at least 5 hours of
flight training in the duties of a flight engineer.
(2) Graduation from at least a 2-year specialized aeronautical training
course in maintaining aircraft and aircraft engines (of which at least 6
calendar months were in maintaining multiengine aircraft with engines rated
at least 800 horsepower each or the equivalent in turbine engine powered
aircraft), and at least 5 hours of flight training in the duties of a flight
engineer.
(3) A degree in aeronautical, electrical, or mechanical engineering from a
recognized college, university, or engineering school; at least 6 calendar
months of practical experience in maintaining multiengine aircraft with
engines rated at least 800 horsepower each, or the equivalent in turbine
engine powered aircraft; and at least 5 hours of flight training in the
duties of a flight engineer.
(4) At least a commercial pilot certificate with an instrument rating and
at least 5 hours of flight training in the duties of a flight engineer.
(5) At least 200 hours of flight time in a transport category airplane (or
in a military airplane with at least two engines and at least equivalent
weight and horsepower) as pilot in command or second in command performing
the functions of a pilot in command under the supervision of a pilot in
command.
(6) At least 100 hours of flight time as a flight engineer.
(7) Within the 90-day period before he applies, successful completion of
an
approved flight engineer ground and flight course of instruction as provided
in Appendix C of this part.
(Sec. 6, 80 Stat. 937, 49 U.S.C. 1655)
[Doc. No. 6458, Amdt. 63-3, 30 FR 14559, Nov. 23, 1965, as amended by Amdt.
63-5, 31 FR 9047, July 1, 1966; Amdt. 63-17, 40 FR 32830, Aug. 5, 1975]
Sec. 63.39 Skill requirements.
(a) An applicant for a flight engineer certificate with a class rating
must
pass a practical test on the duties of a flight engineer in the class of
airplane for which a rating is sought. The test may only be given on an
airplane specified in Sec. 63.37(a).
(b) The applicant must--
(1) Show that he can satisfactorily perform preflight inspection,
servicing, starting, pretakeoff, and postlanding procedures;
(2) In flight, show that he can satisfactorily perform the normal duties
and procedures relating to the airplane, airplane engines, propellers (if
appropriate), systems, and appliances; and
(3) In flight, in an airplane simulator, or in an approved flight engineer
training device, show that he can satisfactorily perform emergency duties
and
procedures and recognize and take appropriate action for malfunctions of the
airplane, engines, propellers (if appropriate), systems and appliances.
Sec. 63.41 Retesting after failure.
An applicant for a flight engineer certificate who fails a written test or
practical test for that certificate may apply for retesting--
(a) After 30 days after the date he failed that test; or
(b) After he has received additional practice or instruction (flight,
synthetic trainer, or ground training, or any combination thereof) that is
necessary, in the opinion of the Administrator or the applicant's instructor
(if the Administrator has authorized him to determine the additional
instruction necessary) to prepare the applicant for retesting.
Sec. 63.42 Flight engineer certificate issued on basis of a foreign flight
engineer license.
(a) Certificates issued. The holder of a current foreign flight engineer
license issued by a contracting State to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation, who meets the requirements of this section, may have a
flight
engineer certificate issued to him for the operation of civil aircraft of
U.S. registry. Each flight engineer certificate issued under this section
specifies the number and State of issuance of the foreign flight engineer
license on which it is based. If the holder of the certificate cannot read,
speak, or understand the English language, the Administrator may place any
limitation on the certificate that he considers necessary for safety.
(b) Medical standards and certification. An applicant must submit evidence
that he currently meets the medical standards for the foreign flight
engineer
license on which the application for a certificate under this section is
based. A current medical certificate issued under Part 67 of this chapter
will be excepted as evidence that the applicant meets those standards.
However, a medical certificate issued under Part 67 of this chapter is not
evidence that the applicant meets those standards outside the United States
unless the State that issued the applicant's foreign flight engineer license
also accepts that medical certificate as evidence of the applicant's
physical
fitness for his foreign flight engineer license.
(c) Ratings issued. Aircraft class ratings listed on the applicant's
foreign flight engineer license, in addition to any issued to him after
testing under the provisions of this part, are placed on the applicant's
flight engineer certificate. An applicant without an aircraft class rating
on
his foreign flight engineer license may be issued a class rating if he shows
that he currently meets the requirements for exercising the privileges of
his
foreign flight engineer license on that class of aircraft.
(d) Privileges and limitations. The holder of a flight engineer
certificate
issued under this section may act as a flight engineer of a civil aircraft
of
U.S. registry subject to the limitations of this part and any additional
limitations placed on his certificate by the Administrator. He is subject to
these limitations while he is acting as a flight engineer of the aircraft
within or outside the United States. However, he may not act as flight
engineer or in any other capacity as a required flight crewmember, of a
civil
aircraft of U.S. registry that is carrying persons or property for
compensation or hire.
(e) Renewal of certificate and ratings. The holder of a certificate issued
under this section may have that certificate and the ratings placed thereon
renewed if, at the time of application for renewal, the foreign flight
engineer license on which that certificate is based is in effect.
Application
for the renewal of the certificate and ratings thereon must be made before
the expiration of the certificate.
An applicant for approval of a flight engineer course must submit a letter
to the Administrator requesting approval, and must also submit three copies
of each course outline, a description of the facilities and equipment, and a
list of the instructors and their qualifications. An air carrier or
commercial operator with an approved flight engineer training course under
Part 121 of this chapter may apply for approval of a training course under
this part by letter without submitting the additional information required
by
this paragraph. Minimum requirements for obtaining approval of a flight
engineer course are set forth in Appendix C of this part.
Subpart C--Flight Navigators
Authority: Secs. 313(a), 314, 601, and 607; 49 U.S.C. 1354(a), 1355, 1421,
and 1427.
To be eligible for a flight navigator certificate, a person must--
(a) Be at least 21 years of age;
(b) Be able to read, write, speak, and understand the English language;
(c) Hold at least a second-class medical certificate issued under Part 67
of this chapter within the 12 months before the date he applies; and
(d) Comply with Secs. 63.53, 63.55, and 63.57.
Sec. 63.53 Knowledge requirements.
(a) An applicant for a flight navigator certificate must pass a written
test on--
(1) The regulations of this chapter that apply to the duties of a flight
navigator;
(2) The fundamentals of flight navigation, including flight planning and
cruise control;
(3) Practical meteorology, including analysis of weather maps, weather
reports, and weather forecasts; and weather sequence abbreviations, symbols,
and nomenclature;
(4) The types of air navigation facilities and procedures in general use;
(5) Calibrating and using air navigation instruments;
(6) Navigation by dead reckoning;
(7) Navigation by celestial means;
(8) Navigation by radio aids;
(9) Pilotage and map reading; and
(10) Interpretation of navigation aid identification signals.
(b) A report of the test is mailed to the applicant. A passing grade is
evidence, for a period of 24 months after the test, that the applicant has
complied with this section.
[Doc. No. 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10 1962, as amended by Amdt. 63-19, 43 FR
22639, May 25, 1978]
Sec. 63.55 Experience requirements.
(a) An applicant for a flight navigator certificate must be a graduate of
a
flight navigator course approved by the Administrator or present
satisfactory
documentary evidence of--
(1) Satisfactory determination of his position in flight at least 25 times
by night by celestial observations and at least 25 times by day by celestial
observations in conjunction with other aids; and
(2) At least 200 hours of satisfactory flight navigation including
celestial and radio navigation and dead reckoning.
A pilot who has logged 500 hours of cross-country flight time, of which at
least 100 hours were at night, may be credited with not more than 100 hours
for the purposes of paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
(b) Flight time used exclusively for practicing long-range navigation
methods, with emphasis on celestial navigation and dead reckoning, is
considered to be satisfactory navigation experience for the purposes of
paragraph (a) of this section. It must be substantiated by a logbook, by
records of an armed force or a certificated air carrier, or by a letter
signed by a certificated flight navigator and attached to the application.
Sec. 63.57 Skill requirements.
(a) An applicant for a flight navigator certificate must pass a practical
test in navigating aircraft by--
(1) Dead reckoning;
(2) Celestial means; and
(3) Radio aids to navigation.
(b) An applicant must pass the written test prescribed by Sec. 63.53
before
taking the test under this section. However, if a delay in taking the test
under this section would inconvenience the applicant or an air carrier, he
may take it before he receives the result of the written test, or after he
has failed the written test.
(c) The test requirements for this section are set forth in Appendix A of
this part.
[Doc. No. 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, 1962, as amended by Amdt. 63-19, 43 FR
22639, May 25, 1978]
Sec. 63.59 Retesting after failure.
(a) An applicant for a flight navigator certificate who fails a written or
practical test for that certificate may apply for retesting--
(1) After 30 days after the date he failed that test; or
(2) Before the 30 days have expired if the applicant presents a signed
statement from a certificated flight navigator, certificated ground
instructor, or any other qualified person approved by the Administrator,
certifying that that person has given the applicant additional instruction
in
each of the subjects failed and that person considers the applicant ready
for
retesting.
(b) A statement from a certificated flight navigator, or from an
operations
official of an approved navigator course, is acceptable, for the purposes of
paragraph (a)(2) of this section, for the written test and for the flight
test. A statement from a person approved by the Administrator is acceptable
for the written tests. A statement from a supervising or check navigator
with
the United States Armed Forces is acceptable for the written test and for
the
practical test.
(c) If the applicant failed the flight test, the additional instruction
must have been administered in flight.
[Doc. No. 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, 1962, as amended by Amdt. 63-19, 43 FR
22640, May 25, 1978]
Sec. 63.61 Flight navigator courses.
An applicant for approval of a flight navigator course must submit a
letter
to the Administrator requesting approval, and must also submit three copies
of the course outline, a description of his facilities and equipment, and a
list of the instructors and their qualifications. Requirements for the
course
are set forth in Appendix B to this part.
Appendix A to Part 63--Test Requirements for Flight Navigator Certificate
(a) Demonstration of skill. An applicant will be required to pass
practical
tests on the prescribed subjects. These tests may be given by FAA inspectors
and designated flight navigator examiners.
(b) The examination. The practical examination consists of a ground test
and a flight test as itemized on the examination check sheet. Each item must
be completed satisfactorily in order for the applicant to obtain a passing
grade. Items 5, 6, 7 of the ground test may be completed orally, and items
17, 22, 23, 34, 36, 37, 38, and 39 of the flight test may be completed by an
oral examination when a lack of ground facilities or navigation equipment
makes such procedure necessary. In these cases a notation to that effect
shall be made in the "Remarks" space on the check sheet.
(c) Examination procedure. (1) An applicant will provide an aircraft in
which celestial observations can be taken in all directions. Minimum
equipment shall include a table for plotting, a drift meter or absolute
altimeter, an instrument for taking visual bearings, and a radio direction
finder.
(2) More than one flight may be used to complete the flight test and any
type of flight pattern may be used. The test will be conducted chiefly over
water whenever practicable, and without regard to radio range legs or
radials. If the test is conducted chiefly over land, a chart should be used
which shows very little or no topographical and aeronautical data. The total
flight time will cover a period of at least four hours. Only one applicant
may be examined at one time, and no applicant may perform other than
navigator duties during the examination.
(3) When the test is conducted with an aircraft belonging to an air
carrier, the navigation procedures should conform with those set forth in
the
carrier's operations manual. Items of the flight test which are not
performed
during the routine navigation of the flight will be completed by oral
examination after the flight or at times during flight which the applicant
indicates may be used for tests on those items. Since in-flight weather
conditions, the reliability of the weather forecast, and the stability of
the
aircraft will have considerable effect on an applicant's performance, good
judgment must be used by the agent or examiner in evaluating the tests.
(d) Ground test. For the ground test, in the order of the numbered items
on
the examination check sheet, an applicant will be required to:
(1) Identify without a star identifier, at least six navigational stars
and
all planets available for navigation at the time of the examination and
explain the method of identification.
(2) Identify two additional stars with a star identifier or sky diagrams
and explain identification procedure.
(3) Precompute a time-altitude curve for a period of about 20 minutes and
take 10 single observations of a celestial body which is rising or setting
rapidly. The intervals between observations should be at least one minute.
Mark each observation on the graph to show accuracy. All observations, after
corrections, shall plot within 8 minutes of arc from the time-altitude
curve,
and the average error shall not exceed 5 minutes of arc.
(4) Take and plot one 3-star fix and 3 LOP's of the sun. Plotted fix or an
average of LOP's must fall within 5 miles of the actual position of the
observer.
(5) Demonstrate or explain the compensation and swinging of a liquid-type
magnetic compass.
(6) Demonstrate or explain a method of aligning one type of drift meter.
(7) Demonstrate or explain a method of aligning an astro-compass or
periscopic sextant.
(e) Flight test. For the flight test, in the order of the numbered items
on
the examination check sheet, an applicant will be required to:
(1) Demonstrate his ability to read weather symbols and interpret synoptic
surface and upper air weather maps with particular emphasis being placed on
winds.
(2) Prepare a flight plan by zones from the forecast winds or pressure
data
of an upper air chart and the operator's data.
(3) Compute from the operator's data the predicted fuel consumption for
each zone of the flight, including the alternate.
(4) Determine the point-of-no-return for the flight with all engines
running and the equitime point with one engine inoperative. Graphical
methods
which are part of the company's operations manual may be used for these
computations.
(5) Prepare a cruise control (howgozit) chart from the operator's data.
(6) Enter actual fuel consumed on the cruise control chart and interpret
the variations of the actual curve from the predicted curve.
(7) Check the presence on board and operating condition of all navigation
equipment. Normally a check list will be used. This check will include a
time
tick or chronometer comparison. Any lack of thoroughness during this check
will justify this item being graded unsatisfactory.
(8) Locate emergency equipment, such as, the nearest fire extinguisher,
life preserver, life rafts, exits, axe, first aid kits, etc.
(9) Recite the navigator's duties and stations during emergencies for the
type of aircraft used for the test.
(10) Demonstrate the proper use of a flux gate compass or gyrosyn compass
(when available), with special emphasis on the caging methods and the
location of switches, circuit breakers, and fuses. If these compasses are
not
part of the aircraft's equipment, an oral examination will be given.
(11) Be accurate and use good judgment when setting and altering headings.
Erroneous application of variation, deviation, or drift correction, or
incorrect measurement of course on the chart will be graded as
unsatisfactory.
(12) Demonstrate or explain the use of characteristics of various chart
projections used in long-range air navigation, including the plotting of
courses and bearings, and the measuring of distances.
(13) Demonstrate ability to identify designated landmarks by the use of a
sectional or WAC chart.
(14) Use a computer with facility and accuracy for the computation of
winds, drift correction and drift angles, ground speeds, ETA's, fuel loads,
etc.
(15) Determine track, ground speed, and wind by the double drift method.
When a drift meter is not part of the aircraft's equipment, an oral
examination on the use of the drift meter and a double drift problem shall
be
completed.
(16) Determine ground speed and wind by the timing method with a drift
meter. When a drift meter is not part of the aircraft's equipment, an oral
examination on the procedure and a problem shall be completed.
(17) Demonstrate the use of air plot for determining wind between fixes
and
for plotting pressure lines of position when using pressure and absolute
altimeter comparisons.
(18) Give ETA's to well defined check points at least once each hour after
the second hour of flight. The average error shall not be more than 5
percent
of the intervening time intervals, and the maximum error of any one ETA
shall
not be more than 10 percent.
(19) Demonstrate knowledge and use of D/F equipment and radio facility
information. Grading on this item will be based largely on the applicant's
selection of those radio aids which will be of most value to his navigation,
the manner with which he uses equipment, including filter box controls, and
the precision with which he reads bearings. The aircraft's compass heading
and all compass corrections must be considered for each bearing.
(20) Use care in tuning to radio stations to insure maximum reception of
signal and check for interference signals. Receiver will be checked to
ascertain that antenna and BFO (Voice-CW) switches are in correct positions.
(21) Identify at least three radio stations using International Morse code
only for identification. The agent or examiner will tune in these stations
so
that the applicant will have no knowledge of the direction, distance, or
frequency of the stations.
(22) Take at least one radio bearing by manual use of the loop. The agent
or examiner will check the applicant's bearing by taking a manual bearing on
the same station immediately after the applicant.
(23) Show the use of good judgment in evaluating radio bearings, and
explain why certain bearings may be of doubtful value.
(24) Determine and apply correctly the correction required to be made to
radio bearings before plotting them on a Mercator chart, and demonstrate the
ability to plot bearings accurately on charts of the Mercator and Lambert
conformal projections.
(25) Compute the compass heading, ETA, and fuel remaining if it is assumed
that the flight would be diverted to an alternate airport at a time
specified
by the agent or examiner.
(26) Check the counter scales of a Loran receiver for accuracy, and
explain
the basic (face) adjustments which affect tuning and counter alignment. A
guide sheet may be used for this test.
(27) Demonstrate a knowledge of the basic principle of Loran and the
ability to tune a Loran receiver, to match signals, to read time
differences,
to plot Loran LOP's, and to identify and use sky waves.
(28) Take and plot bearings from a consol station and explain the
precautions which must be taken when tuning a radio receiver for consol
signals. Also, discuss those conditions which affect the reliability of
consol bearings.
(29) Demonstrate the ability to properly operate and read an absolute
altimeter.
(30) Determine the "D" factors for a series of compared readings of an
absolute altimeter and a pressure altimeter.
(31) Determine drift angle or lateral displacement from the true
headingline by application of Bellamy's formula or a variation thereof.
(32) Interpret the altimeter comparison data with respect to the pressure
system found at flight level. From this data evaluate the accuracy of the
prognostic weather map used for flight planning and apply this analysis to
the navigation of the flight.
(33) Interpret single LOP's for most probable position, and show how a
series of single LOP's of the same body may be used to indicate the probable
track and ground speed. Also, show how a series of single LOP's (celestial
or
radio) from the same celestial body or radio station may be used to
determine
position when the change of azimuth or bearing is 30 deg. or more between
observations.
(34) Select one of the celestial LOP's used during the flight and explain
how to make a single line of position approach to a point selected by the
agent or examiner, giving headings, times, and ETA's.
(35) Demonstrate the proper use of an astro-compass or periscopic sextant
for taking bearings.
(36) Determine compass deviation as soon as possible after reaching
cruising altitude and whenever there is a change of compass heading of 15
deg. or more.
(37) Take celestial fixes at hourly intervals when conditions permit. The
accuracy of these fixes shall be checked by means of a Loran, radio, or
visual fix whenever practicable. After allowing for the probable error of a
Loran, radio, or visual fix, a celestial fix under favorable conditions
should plot within 10 miles of the actual position.
(38) Select celestial bodies for observation, when possible, whose
azimuths
will differ by approximately 120 deg. for a 3-body fix and will differ by
approximately 90 deg. for a 2-body fix. The altitudes of the selected bodies
should be between 25 deg. and 75 deg. whenever practicable.
(39) Have POMAR and any other required reports ready for transmission at
time of schedule, and be able to inform the pilot in command promptly with
regard to the aircraft's position and progress in comparison with the flight
plan.
(40) Keep a log with sufficient legible entries to provide a record from
which the flight could be retraced.
(41) Note significant weather changes which might influence the drift or
ground speed of the aircraft, such as, temperature, "D" factors, frontal
conditions, turbulence, etc.
(42) Determine the wind between fixes as a regular practice.
(43) Estimate the time required and average ground speed during a letdown,
under conditions specified by the pilot in command.
(44) Work with sufficient speed to determine the aircraft's position
hourly
by celestial means and also make all other observations and records
pertinent
to the navigation. The applicant should be able to take the observation,
compute, and plot a celestial LOP within a time limit of 8 minutes; take and
plot a Loran LOP within a time limit of 3 minutes for ground waves and 4
minutes for sky waves; observe the absolute and pressure altimeters and
compute the drift or lateral displacement within a time limit of 3 minutes.
(45) Be accurate in reading instruments and making computations. Errors
which are made and corrected without affecting the navigation will be
disregarded unless they cause considerable loss of time.
An uncorrected error in computation (including reading instruments and
books) which will affect the reported position more than 25 miles, the
heading more than 3 deg., or any ETA more than 15 minutes will cause this
item to be graded unsatisfactory.
(46) Be alert to changing weather or other conditions during flight which
might affect the navigation. An applicant should not fail to take celestial
observations just prior to encountering a broken or overcast sky condition;
and he should not fail to take a bearing on a radio station, which operates
at scheduled intervals and which would be a valuable aid to the navigation.
(47) Show a logical choice and sequence in using the various navigation
methods according to time and accuracy, and check the positions determined
by
one method against positions determined by other methods.
(48) Use a logical sequence in performing the various duties of a
navigator
and plan work according to a schedule. The more important duties should not
be neglected for others of less importance.
Appendix B to Part 63--Flight Navigator Training Course Requirements
(a) Training course outline--(1) Format. The ground course outline and the
flight course outline shall be combined in one looseleaf binder and shall
include a table of contents, divided into two parts--ground course and
flight
course. Each part of the table of contents must contain a list of the major
subjects, together with hours allotted to each subject and the total
classroom and flight hours.
(2) Ground course outline. (i) It is not mandatory that a course outline
have the subject headings arranged exactly as listed in this paragraph. Any
arrangement of general headings and subheadings will be satisfactory
provided
all the subject material listed here is included and the acceptable minimum
number of hours is assigned to each subject. Each general subject shall be
broken down into detail showing items to be covered.
(ii) If any agency desires to include additional subjects in the ground
training curriculum, such as international law, flight hygiene, or others
which are not required, the hours allotted these additional subjects may not
be included in the minimum classroom hours.
(iii) The following subjects with classroom hours are considered the
minimum coverage for a ground training course for flight navigators:
Classroom
Subject hours
Federal Aviation Administration
5
To include Parts 63, 91, and 121 of this chapter.
Meteorology
40
To include:
Basic weather principles.
Temperature.
Pressure.
Winds.
Moisture in the atmosphere.
Stability.
Clouds.
Hazards.
Air masses.
Front weather.
Fog.
Thunderstorms.
Icing.
World weather and climate.
Weather maps and weather reports.
Forecasting.
International Morse code:
Ability to receive code groups of letters and numerals at a speed
of eight words per minute
Navigation instruments (exclusive of radio and radar)
20
To include:
Compasses.
Pressure altimeters.
Airspeed indicators.
Driftmeters.
Bearing indicators.
Aircraft octants.
Instrument calibration and alignment.
Charts and pilotage
15
To include:
Chart projections.
Chart symbols.
Principles of pilotage.
Dead reckoning
30
To include:
Air plot.
Ground plot.
Calculation of ETA.
Vector analysis.
Use of computer.
Search.
Absolute altimeter with:
Applications
15
To include:
Principles of construction.
Operating instructions.
Use of Bellamy's formula.
Flight planning with single drift correction.
Radio and long-range navigational aids
35
To include:
Principles of radio transmission and reception.
Radio aids to navigation.
Government publications.
Airborne D/F equipment.
Errors of radio bearings.
Quadrantal correction.
Plotting radio bearings.
ICAO Q code for direction finding.
Loran.
Consol.
Celestial navigation
150
To include:
The solar system.
The celestial sphere.
The astronomical triangle.
Theory of lines of position.
Use of the Air Almanac.
Time and its applications.
Navigation tables.
Precomputation.
Celestial line of position approach.
Star identification.
Corrections to celestial observations.
Flight planning and cruise control
25
To include:
The flight plan.
Fuel consumption charts.
Methods of cruise control.
Flight progress chart.
Point-of-no-return.
Equitime point.
Long-range flight problems
15
Total (exclusive of final examinations)
350
(3) Flight course outline. (i) A minimum of 150 hours of supervised flight
training shall be given, of which at least 50 hours of flight training must
be given at night, and celestial navigation must be used during flights
which
total at least 125 hours.
(ii) A maximum of 50 hours of the required flight training may be obtained
in acceptable types of synthetic flight navigator training devices.
(iii) Flights should be at least four hours in length and should be
conducted off civil airways. Some training on long-range flights is
desirable, but is not required. There is no limit to the number of students
that may be trained on one flight, but at least one astrodrome or one
periscopic sextant mounting must be provided for each group of four
students.
(iv) Training must be given in dead reckoning, pilotage, radio navigation,
celestial navigation, and the use of the absolute altimeter.
(b) Equipment. (1) Classroom equipment shall include one table at least
24'' x 32'' in dimensions for each student.
(2) Aircraft suitable for the flight training must be available to the
approved course operator to insure that the flight training may be completed
without undue delay.
The approved course operator may contract or obtain written agreements with
aircraft operators for the use of suitable aircraft. A copy of the contract
or written agreement with an aircraft operator shall be attached to each of
the three copies of the course outline submitted for approval. In all cases,
the approved course operator is responsible for the nature and quality of
instruction given during flight.
(c) Instructors. (1) Sufficient classroom instructors must be available to
prevent an excessive ratio of students to instructors. Any ratio in excess
of
20 to 1 will be considered unsatisfactory.
(2) At least one ground instructor must hold a valid flight navigator
certificate, and be utilized to coordinate instruction of ground school
subjects.
(3) Each instructor who conducts flight training must hold a valid flight
navigator certificate.
(d) Revision of training course. (1) Requests for revisions to course
outlines, facilities, and equipment shall follow procedures for original
approval of the course. Revisions should be submitted in such form that an
entire page or pages of the approved outline can be removed and replaced by
the revisions.
(2) The list of instructors may be revised at any time without request for
approval, provided the minimum requirement of paragraph (e) of this section
is maintained.
(e) Credit for previous training and experience. (1) Credit may be granted
by an operator to students for previous training and experience which is
provable and comparable to portions of the approved curriculum. When
granting
such credit, the approved course operator should be fully cognizant of the
fact that he is responsible for the proficiency of his graduates in
accordance with subdivision (i) of paragraph (3) of this section.
(2) Where advanced credit is allowed, the operator shall evaluate the
student's previous training and experience in accordance with the normal
practices of accredited technical schools. Before credit is given for any
ground school subject or portion thereof, the student must pass an
appropriate examination given by the operator. The results of the
examination, the basis for credit allowance, and the hours credited shall be
incorporated as a part of the student's records.
(3) Credit up to a maximum of 50 hours toward the flight training
requirement may be given to pilots who have logged at least 500 hours while
a
member of a flight crew which required a certificated flight navigator or
the
Armed Forces equivalent. A similar credit may also be given to a licensed
deck officer of the Maritime Service who has served as such for at least one
year on ocean-going vessels. One-half of the flight time credited under the
terms of this paragraph may be applied toward the 50 hours of flight
training
required at night.
(f) Students records and reports. Approval of a course shall not be
continued in effect unless the course operator keeps an accurate record of
each student, including a chronological log of all instruction, subjects
covered and course examinations and grades, and unless he prepares and
transmits to the local Flight Standards District Office not later than
January 31 of each year, a report containing the following information for
the previous calendar year:
(1) The names of all students graduated, together with their school grades
for ground and flight subjects.
(2) The names of all students failed or dropped, together with their
school
grades and reasons for dropping.
(g) Quality of instruction. Approval of a course shall not be continued in
effect unless at least 80 percent of the students who apply within 90 days
after graduation are able to qualify on the first attempt for certification
as flight navigators.
(h) Statement of graduation. Each student who successfully completes an
approved flight navigator course shall be given a statement of graduation.
(i) Inspections. Approved course operations will be inspected by
authorized
representatives of the Administrator as often as deemed necessary to insure
that instruction is maintained at the required standards, but the period
between inspections shall not exceed 12 months.
(j) Change of ownership, name, or location--(1) Change of ownership.
Approval of a flight navigator course shall not be continued in effect after
the course has changed ownership. The new owner must obtain a new approval
by
following the procedure prescribed for original approval.
(2) Change in name. An approved course changed in name but not changed in
ownership shall remain valid if the change is reported by the approved
course
operator to the local Flight Standards District Office. A letter of approval
under the new name will be issued by the regional office.
(3) Change in location. An approved course shall remain in effect even
though the approved course operator changes location if the change is
reported without delay by the operator to the local Flight Standards
District
Office, which will inspect the facilities to be used. If they are found to
be
adequate, a letter of approval showing the new location will be issued by
the
regional office.
(k) Cancellation of approval. (1) Failure to meet or maintain any of the
requirements set forth in this section for the approval or operation of an
approved flight navigator course shall be considered sufficient reason for
cancellation of the approval.
(2) If an operator should desire voluntary cancellation of his approved
course, he should submit the effective letter of approval and a written
request for cancellation to the Administrator through the local aviation
Safety district office.
(l) Duration. The authority to operate an approved flight navigator course
shall expire 24 months after the last day of the month of issuance.
(m) Renewal. Application for renewal of authority to operate an approved
flight navigator course may be made by letter to the local Flight Standards
District Office at any time within 60 days before to the expiration date.
Renewal of approval will depend upon the course operator meeting the current
conditions for approval and having a satisfactory record as an operator.
[Doc. No. 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, 1962, as amended by Amdt. 63-6, 31 FR
9211, July 6, 1966; Amdt. 63-28, 54 FR 39291, Sept. 25, 1989]
Appendix C to Part 63--Flight Engineer Training Course Requirements
(a) Training course outline--(1) Format. The ground course outline and the
flight course outline are independent. Each must be contained in a looseleaf
binder to include a table of contents. If an applicant desires approval of
both a ground school course and a flight school course, they must be
combined
in one looseleaf binder that includes a separate table of contents for each
course. Separate course outlines are required for each type of airplane.
(2) Ground course outline. (i) It is not mandatory that the subject
headings be arranged exactly as listed in this paragraph. Any arrangement of
subjects is satisfactory if all the subject material listed here is included
and at least the minimum programmed hours are assigned to each subject. Each
general subject must be broken down into detail showing the items to be
covered.
(ii) If any course operator desires to include additional subjects in the
ground course curriculum, such as international law, flight hygiene, or
others that are not required, the hours allotted these additional subjects
may not be included in the minimum programmed classroom hours.
(iii) The following subjects and classroom hours are the minimum
programmed
coverage for the initial approval of a ground training course for flight
engineers. Subsequent to initial approval of a ground training course an
applicant may apply to the Administrator for a reduction in the programmed
hours. Approval of a reduction in the approved programmed hours is based on
improved training effectiveness due to improvements in methods, training
aids, quality of instruction, or any combination thereof.
Classroom
Subject hours
Federal Aviation Regulations
10
To include the regulations of this chapter that apply to flight
engineers
Theory of Flight and Aerodynamics
10
Airplane Familiarization
90
To include as appropriate:
Specifications.
Construction features.
Flight controls.
Hydraulic systems.
Pneumatic systems.
Electrical systems.
Anti-icing and de-icing systems.
Pressurization and air-conditioning systems.
Vacuum systems.
Pilot static systems.
Instrument systems.
Fuel and oil systems.
Emergency equipment.
Engine Familiarization
45
To include as appropriate:
Specifications.
Construction features.
Lubrication.
Ignition.
Carburetor and induction, supercharging and fuel control systems
Accessories.
Propellers.
Instrumentation.
Emergency equipment.
Normal Operations (Ground and Flight)
50
To include as appropriate:
Servicing methods and procedures.
Operation of all the airplane systems.
Operation of all the engine systems.
Loading and center of gravity computations.
Cruise control (normal, long range, maximum endurance)
Power and fuel computation.
Meteorology as applicable to engine operation
Emergency Operations
80
To include as appropriate:
Landing gear, brakes, flaps, speed brakes, and leading edge
devices
Pressurization and air-conditioning.
Portable fire extinguishers.
Fuselage fire and smoke control.
Loss of electrical power.
Engine fire control.
Engine shut-down and restart.
Oxygen.
Total (exclusive of final tests)
235
The above subjects, except Theory of Flight and Aerodynamics, and
Regulations must apply to the same type of airplane in which the student
flight engineer is to receive flight training.
(3) Flight Course Outline. (i) The flight training curriculum must include
at least 10 hours of flight instruction in an airplane specified in Sec.
63.37(a). The flight time required for the practical test may not be
credited
as part of the required flight instruction.
(ii) All of the flight training must be given in the same type airplane.
(iii) As appropriate to the airplane type, the following subjects must be
taught in the flight training course:
Subject
NORMAL DUTIES, PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS
To include as appropriate:
Airplane preflight.
Engine starting, power checks, pretakeoff, postlanding and shut-down
procedures.
Power control.
Temperature control.
Engine operation analysis.
Operation of all systems.
Fuel management.
Logbook entries.
Pressurization and air conditioning.
RECOGNITION AND CORRECTION OF IN-FLIGHT MALFUNCTIONS
To include:
Analysis of abnormal engine operation.
Analysis of abnormal operation of all systems.
Corrective action.
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS IN FLIGHT
To include as appropriate:
Engine fire control.
Fuselage fire control.
Smoke control.
Loss of power or pressure in each system.
Engine overspeed.
Fuel dumping.
Landing gear, spoilers, speed brakes, and flap extension and retraction.
Engine shut-down and restart.
Use of oxygen.
(iv) If the Administrator finds a simulator or flight engineer training
device to accurately reproduce the design, function, and control
characteristics, as pertaining to the duties and responsibilities of a
flight
engineer on the type of airplane to be flown, the flight training time may
be
reduced by a ratio of 1 hour of flight time to 2 hours of airplane simulator
time, or 3 hours of flight engineer training device time, as the case may
be,
subject to the following limitations:
(a) Except as provided in subdivision (b) of this paragraph, the required
flight instruction time in an airplane may not be less than 5 hours.
(b) As to a flight engineer student holding at least a commercial pilot
certificate with an instrument rating, airplane simulator or a combination
of
airplane simulator and flight engineer training device time may be submitted
for up to all 10 hours of the required flight instruction time in an
airplane. However, not more than 15 hours of flight engineer training device
time may be substituted for flight instruction time.
(v) To obtain credit for flight training time, airplane simulator time, or
flight engineer training device time, the student must occupy the flight
engineer station and operate the controls.
(b) Classroom equipment. Classroom equipment should consist of systems and
procedural training devices, satisfactory to the Administrator, that
duplicate the operation of the systems of the airplane in which the student
is to receive his flight training.
(c) Contracts or agreements. (1) An approved flight engineer course
operator may contract with other persons to obtain suitable airplanes,
airplane simulators, or other training devices or equipment.
(2) An operator who is approved to conduct both the flight engineer ground
course and the flight engineer flight course may contract with others to
conduct one course or the other in its entirety but may not contract with
others to conduct both courses for the same airplane type.
(3) An operator who has approval to conduct a flight engineer ground
course
or flight course for a type of airplane, but not both courses, may not
contract with another person to conduct that course in whole or in part.
(4) An operator who contracts with another to conduct a flight engineer
course may not authorize or permit the course to be conducted in whole or in
part by a third person.
(5) In all cases, the course operator who is approved to operate the
course
is responsible for the nature and quality of the instruction given.
(6) A copy of each contract authorized under this paragraph must be
attached to each of the 3 copies of the course outline submitted for
approval.
(d) Instructors. (1) Only certificated flight engineers may give the
flight
instruction required by this Appendix in an airplane, simulator, or flight
engineer training device.
(2) There must be a sufficient number of qualified instructors available
to
prevent an excess ratio of students to instructors.
(e) Revisions. (1) Requests for revisions of the course outlines,
facilities or equipment must follow the procedures for original approval of
the course. Revisions must be submitted in such form that an entire page or
pages of the approved outline can be removed and replaced by the revisions.
(2) The list of instructors may be revised at any time without request for
approval, if the requirements of paragraph (d) of this Appendix are
maintained.
(f) Ground school credits. (1) Credit may be granted a student in the
ground school course by the course operator for comparable previous training
or experience that the student can show by written evidence: however, the
course operator must still meet the quality of instruction as described in
paragraph (h) of this Appendix.
(2) Before credit for previous training or experience may be given, the
student must pass a test given by the course operator on the subject for
which the credit is to be given. The course operator shall incorporate
results of the test, the basis for credit allowance, and the hours credited
as part of the student's records.
(g) Records and reports. (1) The course operator must maintain, for at
least two years after a student graduates, fails, or drops from a course, a
record of the student's training, including a chronological log of the
subject course, attendance examinations, and grades.
(2) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this section, the course
operator must submit to the Administrator, not later than January 31 of each
year, a report for the previous calendar year's training, to include:
(i) Name, enrollment and graduation date of each student;
(ii) Ground school hours and grades of each student;
(iii) Flight, airplane simulator, flight engineer training device hours,
and grades of each student; and
(iv) Names of students failed or dropped, together with their school
grades
and reasons for dropping.
(3) Upon request, the Administrator may waive the reporting requirements
of
paragraph (2) of this section for an approved flight engineer course that is
part of an approved training course under Subpart N of Part 121 of this
chapter.
(h) Quality of instruction. (1) Approval of a ground course is
discontinued
whenever less than 80 percent of the students pass the FAA written test on
the first attempt.
(2) Approval of a flight course is discontinued whenever less than 80
percent of the students pass the FAA practical test on the first attempt.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2) of this section, approval of a
ground or flight course may be continued when the Administrator finds--
(i) That the failure rate was based on less than a representative number
of
students; or
(ii) That the course operator has taken satisfactory means to improve the
effectiveness of the training.
(i) Time limitation. Each student must apply for the written test and the
flight test within 90 days after completing the ground school course.
(j) Statement of course completion. (1) The course operator shall give to
each student who successfully completes an approved flight engineer ground
school training course, and passes the FAA written test, a statement of
successful completion of the course that indicates the date of training, the
type of airplane on which the ground course training was based, and the
number of hours received in the ground school course.
(2) The course operator shall give each student who successfully completes
an approved flight engineer flight course, and passed the FAA practical
test,
a statement of successful completion of the flight course that indicates the
dates of the training, the type of airplane used in the flight course, and
the number of hours received in the flight course.
(3) A course operator who is approved to conduct both the ground course
and
the flight course may include both courses in a single statement of course
completion if the provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) of this section are
included.
(4) The requirements of this paragraph do not apply to an air carrier or
commercial operator with an approved training course under Part 121 of this
chapter providing the student receives a flight engineer certificate upon
completion of that course.
(k) Inspections. Each course operator shall allow the Administrator at any
time or place, to make any inspection necessary to ensure that the quality
and effectiveness of the instruction are maintained at the required
standards.
(l) Change of ownership, name, or location. (1) Approval of a flight
engineer ground course or flight course is discontinued if the ownership of
the course changes. The new owner must obtain a new approval by following
the
procedure prescribed for original approval.
(2) Approval of a flight engineer ground course or flight course does not
terminate upon a change in the name of the course that is reported to the
Administrator within 30 days. The Administrator issues a new letter of
approval, using the new name, upon receipt of notice within that time.
(3) Approval of a flight engineer ground course or flight course does not
terminate upon a change in location of the course that is reported to the
Administrator within 30 days. The Administrator issues a new letter of
approval, showing the new location, upon receipt of notice within that time,
if he finds the new facilities to be adequate.
(m) Cancellation of approval. (1) Failure to meet or maintain any of the
requirements of this Appendix for the approval of a flight engineer ground
course or flight course is reason for cancellation of the approval.
(2) If a course operator desires to voluntarily terminate the course, he
should notify the Administrator in writing and return the last letter of
approval.
(n) Duration. Except for a course operated as part of an approved training
course under Subpart N of Part 121 of this chapter, the approval to operate
a
flight engineer ground course or flight course terminates 24 months after
the
last day of the month of issue.
(o) Renewal. (1) Renewal of approval to operate a flight engineer ground
course or flight course is conditioned upon the course operator's meeting
the
requirements of this Appendix.
(2) Application for renewal may be made to the Administrator at any time
after 60 days before the termination date.
(p) Course operator approvals. An applicant for approval of a flight
engineer ground course, or flight course, or both, must meet all of the
requirements of this Appendix concerning application, approval, and
continuing approval of that course or courses.
(q) Practical test eligibility. An applicant for a flight engineer
certificate and class rating under the provisions of Sec. 63.37(b)(6) is not
eligible to take the practical test unless he has successfully completed an
approved flight engineer ground school course in the same type of airplane
for which he has completed an approved flight engineer flight course.
[Amdt. 63-3, 30 FR 14560, Nov. 23, 1965, as amended by Amdt. 63-15, 37 FR
9758, May 17, 1972]
