TELECOM Digest Wed, 23 Mar 94 12:38:00 CST Volume 14 : Issue 143
Inside This Issue: Editor: Patrick A. Townson
New Area Code 562 For Southern California (Ken Jongsma)
New LA Area Code (Rich Greenberg)
New Area Code 630 For Existing 708 in Illinois (Paul Cook)
Re: Country Code For San Marino (Steve Cogorno)
Re: Country Code For San Marino (Bill Hofmann)
Re: Los Angeles Phone Fire Update (Cliff Sharp)
Re: CID Did Not Show Number (Andreas S. Ulrich)
Re: Extension Cord For Cell Phone (
[email protected])
Re: SIT Tones - Where in the Archives? (Gordon Torrie)
Re: SIT Tones - Where in the Archives? (Al Varney)
Re: International Free Numbers (John McHarry)
Re: Alphanumeric Pager Software (Kenn Krasner)
MCI and Sprint Information Needed (Shirley Mann)
SS7 Information Wanted (Graeme Steyn)
Who Paid For My 550? (Jim Cluett)
Questions on Shannon's Law (Karim Ismail)
BellSouth ISDN Announcement (William H. Sohl)
Last Laugh! Bauds, Baudlets, Baby Bauds and Such
TELECOM Digest is an electronic journal devoted mostly but not
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 11:07:14 EST
From: Ken Jongsma <
[email protected]>
Reply-To:
[email protected]
Subject: New Area Code: 562
According to an AP newswire brief, Southern California (areacodes 310,
213 and 818) will be getting an overlay areacode of 562. This code
will be reserved for cellular phones and pagers.
Kenneth R Jongsma
[email protected]
Smiths Industries
[email protected]
Grand Rapids, Michigan +1 616 241 7702
------------------------------
From:
[email protected] (Rich Greenberg)
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 09:14:08 PST
Reply-To:
[email protected]
Subject: New LA Area Code
Pacific Bell & GTE just anounced that in 1996, LA will get its fourth
area code. 562 will overlay the present 213-818-310 areas, and will
be used for cellular phones and pagers.
Four area codes in one metro area. Can anybody beat that?
Rich Greenberg Work: ETi Solutions, Oceanside & L.A. CA
310-348-7677
N6LRT TinselTown, USA Play:
[email protected]
310-649-0238
[TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: Well the New York City metro area has quite
a few now: 212/718/914/907, what else? Are we counting New Jersey? PAT]
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 11:38 EST
From: Proctor & Associates <
[email protected]>
Subject: New Area Code 630
I received a Bellcore Letter dated 3-16-94 titled "Declaration of
Jeopardy Situation in NPA 708 (Illinois)."
Bellcore has been advised by Ameritech that the demand for prefixes in
NPA 708 is higher than originally projected.
According to CO Code Assignment Guidelines "A jeopardy condition
exists when the forecasted and/or actual demand for NXX resources will
exceed the known supply during the planning/implementation interval
for relief."
NPA 630 will be introduced for relief of 708 NPA within the first
quarter of 1995.
There were no notes showing new area code boundaries.
Paul Cook Proctor & Associates
Redmond, WA
[email protected]
[TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: My feeling is that 708 will be probably
split in half with either the southern half or the northern half getting
the new code, but that is just a guess. There are a couple ways the
existing area could be logically split. On the Chicago side (312) there
is no real need for a split as there is plenty of space left there now
that the suburbs are out of it. I've a feeling that once the new-style
area codes become official and fully available for assignment we are
going to be seeing a *massive* influx of them all over the USA. I've
a feeling once they start getting assigned on a regular basis, there
will be all sorts of them almost all at once. PAT]
------------------------------
From:
[email protected] (Steve Cogorno)
Subject: Re: Country Code For San Marino
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 06:15:57 PST
Said by: Clive D.W. Feather
> San Marino is a small country physically inside Italy. To the best of
> my knowledge, it is always phoned as just another area code within
> Italy (i.e. +39 541).
> I have a note in my files that San Marino has been allocated the
> country code 295 but is not yet using it. HOwever, I recently saw a
> posting, here I believe, that it has been allocated 378.
> Can anyone tell me which is right?
According to MCI and AT&T, San Marino is 378.
Steve
[email protected]
#608 Merrill * 200 McLaughlin Drive * Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1015
------------------------------
From:
[email protected] (Bill Hofmann)
Subject: Re: Country Code For San Marino
Organization: NETCOM On-line Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
Date: Tue, 22 Mar 1994 17:37:13 GMT
Clive D.W. Feather <
[email protected]> writes:
> San Marino is a small country physically inside Italy. To the best of
> my knowledge, it is always phoned as just another area code within
> Italy (i.e. +39 541).
> I have a note in my files that San Marino has been allocated the
> country code 295 but is not yet using it. HOwever, I recently saw a
> posting, here I believe, that it has been allocated 378.
> Can anyone tell me which is right?
Well, I checked with Sprint, they told me 378, however, I received a
private communication from someone in Rome who told me that as of
1990, San Marino had been split from 541 and now has Italian city code
549, and that further both country codes 295 and 378 are disallowed
from Rome. Can some folks in other countries check this out?
Bill Hofmann
[email protected]
Fresh Software and Instructional Design +1 510 524 0852
------------------------------
From: indep1!clifto (Cliff Sharp)
Date: Wed, Mar 23 1994 11:30:10 CST
Subject: Re: Los Angeles Phone Fire Update
In article <
[email protected]>
[email protected] (Mark A.
Cnota) writes:
> [PAT said:]
>> According to Mr. Eibel, a vice-president of Illinois Bell
>> at the time, staffing a phone office *with even just one clerk* at all
>> times to prevent situations like this was not cost effective.
> I agree with Jim Eibel. He's one of the better executives IBT has had
> in the past ten years, in my opinion.
Let's see ... ten dollars per hour, figure twenty with benefits
etc. 365.24 days per year. That's $175,315.20 per year. Say 200
thou with holiday pay, overtime, etc.
Figuring the cost of Hinsdale at $100,000,000, that means Eibel
must have planned a useful life of the equipment there at something
over 600 years.
Anyone who can get 600 years out of a switching center has my vote
for Executive of the Year. I guess that's why he's making the _big_
bucks and I'm working for peanuts.
But maybe I should be in there, 'cause I can get a few thousand
years out of it. Instead of paying someone full-time, find two local
residents who'll respond quickly to check out alarms. Pay each a
retainer of $100 per month, and for each alarm response, pay $50 if
they get there within five minutes, $25 within ten and $10 within
twenty minutes. Much cheaper, so we can amortize that over a few
thousand years. Good press, too ("Bell Gives Seniors Income While
Cutting Costs").
Sheesh. I guess it's fair to say he doesn't back up his hard drive
($500 for tape drive and tapes, divided by zero incidents = infinite
cost per failure), put batteries in his smoke detector ($5/year
divided by zero), change his oil or bathe. Not cost efficient.
Cliff Sharp WA9PDM
[TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: Now Cliff, let's not get personal. I
imagine he bathes. I dunno about your idea of using local community
residents; that is stretching things a bit thin, but if a responsible
employee were left there -- even with other tasks to accomplish so that
his/her salary could be charged back in part to other departments and
further reduce the direct cost of being a 'watchdog' -- it would still
be only a drop in the bucket. You think Hinsdale cost Illinois Bell one
hundred million? My sources say it was closer to two hundred million;
and the company is being *very* tight-lipped about all the lawsuits
they are settling out of court.
Suppose each CO had one data entry clerk there all the time, around
the clock on weekends. That would be three people and maybe a hundred
thousand per year in salary/benefits. Most of the costs would be charged
to the budget for the department they worked in, with perhaps 25 percent
of the cost directly allocated to security of the CO. In the course of
their time on duty, between watching television more than they should,
running back and forth to the vending machines for refreshments and the
bathroom, etc you think they would not spot unusual occurances such as
a smoke filled room, water dripping out the ceiling from a broken pipe
somewhere, a buzzer or bell that was ringing constantly and so on? If
the total costs for coverage under such a plan in the Chicago area alone
cost a million dollars a year, do you think it might take twenty or
thirty years minimum to reach the point where a Hinsdale-type disaster
became 'cost-effective' instead? Considering the stakes here, to say
nothing of community goodwill and public relations, if it were me, and
of course it isn't, I'd opt for a conservative approach. That's why I
think Jim Eibel was dead wrong, and ought to have been canned -- there
is a point at which the 'bottom line' becomes purely a theoretical exer-
cise with no relationship to reality. Hinsdale was such a case. PAT]
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 21 Mar 94 22:30:17 EST
From: CPT Ulrich Andreas S <
[email protected]>
Subject: Re: CID Did Not Show Number
In article <
[email protected]>
[email protected] writes:
>> When CID was deployed in my area (516 area code), I tried calling home
>> from a pay phone and the number was displayed. However, when I call
>> home while I'm having my car serviced at a local service station, the
>> number doesn't show.
Maybe I'm wrong, but the way I understand it, the phone company in my
area (Augusta, GA) allows me to disable, at my request, the CID function
for my phone number -- in other words, if I ask for it, people with CID
whom I call won't get my phone number.
[TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: But then the recipients display box shows
'private' rather than 'out of area'. Anyway, many payphones have *67
disabled on them. I could see a COCOT owner intercepting what was dialed
and prepending *67 to keep hackerphreaks from finding out the number to
his instrument (and thus dialing in with a modem and reprogramming it
liberally) but the display in this case did not show 'private'. PAT]
------------------------------
From:
[email protected] (puma)
Subject: Re: Extension Cord For Cell Phone
Organization: organized?? me?
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 03:30:43 GMT
In article <
[email protected]>, <
[email protected]> wrote:
> Can anybody tell me where I can purchase an extension cord for my
> cellular phone? I tried my local Radio Shack but they don't carry
> this. It appears to be an 8 wire connection.
> In case you are wondering, I'm not crazy :). My boyfriend lives in a
> city thats a local call on cellular, but LD from my home. And, of
> course, my cell phone is mounted in the car. I'm looking for a way to
> stretch it into the house.
Do you have call-forwarding on your cellular phone? You might want to
check your carrier's rules, and consider it. In Wisconsin (Ameritech)
we are not charged airtime for forwarded calls (we are charged nine
cents per call). I know that some areas DO charge airtime, so you
wouldn't save anything.
This trick would do me no good, since the local calling area is the
same for the cellular number as my local telco number. However I can
make cellular calls back to my city at local rates FROM areas that
would be a toll call for a landline phone.
[email protected]
------------------------------
Subject: Re: SIT Tones - Where in the Archives?
From:
[email protected] (Gordon Torrie)
Date: Tue, 22 Mar 1994 21:35:05 -0500
Organization: Torrie Communications Services
Proctor & Associates <
[email protected]> writes:
> I thought there was a reference to SIT tones in the telecom archives
> somewhere, but I can't find it.
I have two articles from comp.dcom.telecom that describe these tones.
They are not in electronic form else I would simply mail them to you.
Perhaps the header fields from them may help to narrow down your search
in the archives. The headers are:
From:
[email protected] (loren cahlander)
Subject: Re: Precise Dial Tone & A Tone of the Past: No-Such-Number
Date: 27 Sep 89 14:36:12 GMT
From:
[email protected] (Macy Hallock)
Subject: Re: Special Information Tones
Date: 28 Sep 89 09:05:41 GMT
[email protected] Gord Torrie
[TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: The keyword search feature of the
Telecom Archives Email Information Service goes back to about April,
1989 and if he searches using the author names above or the subject
lines the accelerated index will tell him what block of fifty issues
needs to be pulled to find the articles in question. Without going
to look, my feeling is they would be found somewhere around issues
800-850 of the year 1989. None the less, Al Varney has written an
article to bring this topic up to date, and it appears next in this
issue. PAT]
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 22 Mar 94 11:37:40 CST
From:
[email protected]
Subject: Re: SIT Tones - Where in the Archives?
Organization: AT&T Network Systems
In article <
[email protected]> Proctor & Associates <0003991080@
mcimail.com> writes:
> I thought there was a reference to SIT tones in the telecom archives
> somewhere, but I can't find it. These are the three tones that one
> hears at the beginning of a toll network announcment (We're SORRY!
> All circuits are BUSY now ...)
> Does anyone have the specs on these?
Paul, these aren't just for the toll network, the tones have an
International usage and intra-LATA as well. Documentation is in:
ITU-T E.180 (or Q.35) -- lists the frequencies only, and suggests
using SIT for everything other than BUSY and NO CIRCUIT call
failure situations.
Bellcore TR-674 -- lists frequencies and the short/long durations
that encode various "codes" into the tones.
Bellcore TR-675 -- has level/volume requirements for SIT/announcements.
Bellcore SR-2275 ("Notes on the Network") -- Section 6 shows SIT usage
in the intra-LATA and inter-LATA networks, the assignment of
specific meaning the "codes" and attempts to explain usage.
I'd recommend reading "Notes" and using the others only if you need
to fill in some missing information.
Al Varney
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 22 Mar 1994 12:11:38 EST
From:
[email protected] (McHarry)
Subject: Re: International Free Numbers
Cable and Wireless also offers international "800" service from a
large number of countries. I think the other major carriers do
likewise.
In the UK, Mercury Free Call numbers look like 0500 xxxxxx. I think
the BT equivalent looks like 0800 xxxxxx. In France, they appear to
start with 05.
John McHarry (
[email protected])
------------------------------
From: Kenn Krasner <
[email protected]>
Subject: Re: Alphanumeric Pager Software
Organization: Mordor International BBS
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 10:06:14 GMT
I have used the same system from Motorola and the software is very
similar. We used it to page staff on-site. Check with Bell South
Mobile, they are the folks we got the software from.
It allows you to send messages to individuals or groups. The message
length was 256 characters. One 3.5 disk was all it was. The docs were
funky though. Get the tech support numbner from your pager provider;
they will be able to help you.
Kenn Krasner, Sr. Consultant One Equals On
[email protected]
[TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: Yep, 'one equals on' is the way he
wrote it. Its not my typo! Maybe Kenn will explain it. PAT]
------------------------------
From:
[email protected]
Subject: MCI and Sprint Information Needed
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 11:46:10 -0600
Organization: The University of Texas at Dallas
Could anyone please tell me an address or phone number where I can get
information on MCI and Sprint about their various residential long
distance plans?
Email preferred.
Toodles!
Shirley
[TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: They are both listed with 800-555-1212.
Ask for the number for their respective customer service offices. PAT]
------------------------------
From:
[email protected]
Subject: SS7 Information Wanted
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 06:03:25 GMT
Organization: Wits Electrical Engineering (Novell Users).
I am looking for information on Signaling System No. 7 and performance
models related to this field. If anyone con supply me with technical
information, e-mail addresses or references, please contact me. Any
response will be most welcome.
Regards,
Graeme Steyn
------------------------------
From: Jim Cluett <
[email protected]>
Subject: Who Paid For My 550?
Organization: MV Communications, Inc.
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 17:25:06 GMT
Can anyone explain the economics of the $50 Motorola 550? The 550 is
selling locally at a discount department store for $50. Motorola can't
build 'em for that. The department store is acting as an agent for
both an A and a B carrier, but I don't think they can recover enough
from a year's contract to make up the difference. Who's subsidizing
this? It's probably me, but I don't quite see how.
Thanks.
------------------------------
From:
[email protected]
Subject: Questions on Shannon's Law
Date: 23 Mar 1994 12:43:59 -0500
Organization: Delrina Technology
Reply-To:
[email protected]
I am hoping that someone may be able to help me with the following
question related to the maximum capacity of a channel. (Shannon's
Law). As most of you know, Shannon proved that a channel has a finite
maximum capacity as per the following formaula:
C = W log2 (1 + S/N)
where W = bandwith of a channel, and S/N is the Signal-to-Noise ratio
of white noise (random, Gaussian).
So for a quick example, if I had a telephone line with a 20db S/N
ratio, and the available bandwith is 2600Hz, substituting in the
formula above:
C = 2600 log2 (1 + 100/1)
log2 x = (log2 10)(log10 x) = 3.32 log10 x
then C = 2600 x 3.32x log10 (101) = 17,301 bps
then the maximum possible rate at which data could be transmitted over
this voice line is roughly 17,300 bps.
Probably a S/N ratio of 30dB is more realistic, so this works out to:
C = 2600 log2 (1 + 1000/1) = 25,900bps
I also realize that increasing bandwith or signal power or decreasing
the noise will increase the bps rate. However in practice this would
probably be economically prohibitive.
My confusion arises out the following:
An analog wire-pair line can be changed to a digital line by adding
digital repeaters in lieu of analog amplifiers, and the bit rate
transmitted is much higher than if all the analog telephone channels
on a wire transmitted at the Shannon limit. So if we transmit
1.544Mbps or 2.048Mbps over a telephone pair, isn't this a violation
of Shannon's Law?
Also, how does this tie into the new modems that support the V.Fast
standard at 28,800bps? If the bandwith for normal voice grade lines
(300-3300Hz) and S/N ratios are taken into consideration into the
Shannon's formula, there is again violation of the maximum bps rate
with a 28.8kbps modem. Also, out of curiosity, I assume the noise
calculations in Shannon's formula are based on the physical medium
used for transmission? - i.e.:
copper wire for analog telephone transmission - thus, thermal,
gaussian, etc noise on copper wire itself.
Is there a limit then to transmitting over conductors that are copper
as opposed to say fibre optic (glass) as a transmission medium, and
hence would the noise be less on a fiber (silica)...? If this is
true, then because the noise decreases, bandwith increases (as is true
on optical fibers), and hence this doesn't contradict Shannon's Law?
(because capacity increases proportionally to bandwith)
I find this a little confusing -- any feedback would be most appreciated.
Thanks in advance.
Karim Ismail Delrina Technology Fax: +1-416-441-4650
Support Analyst 895 Don Mills Rd, 500-2 Vox: +1-416-441-3676
Fax/Data Comms Don Mills, ON M3C 1W3
Internet:
[email protected]
------------------------------
From:
[email protected] (sohl,william h)
Subject: Bell South ISDN Announcement
Date: 23 Mar 1994 12:39:50 -0500
Organization: Bell Communications Research (Bellcore)
3/21/94 Release from Bellsouth:
BELLSOUTH ANNOUNCES LARGEST GEOGRAPHIC DEPLOYMENT OF ISDN IN THE NATION
Advanced telecommuting telemedicine and education applications will
become the most widely available in the nation as a result of a
technology deployment plan announced today by BellSouth Telecommunications.
The nine-state introduction of a new way to provide Integrated
Services Digital Network (ISDN), which combines voice, data and video
services, begins in June 1994. ISDN can use advanced fiber optic
cable or traditional copper cable to transmit multiple services.
Until now, a customer who wished to use ISDN needed to be served by a
telephone office that was ISDN capable. With the innovative approach
by BellSouth, a customer can obtain the benefits of ISDN through an
alternate serving arrangement which eradicates geographic boundaries.
"Expanded access to ISDN will facilitate customer-oriented
applications since there are fewer technological and geographic
limitations on availability," said Larry Carter, assistant vice
president of product management for BellSouth Telecommunications.
This announcement is the latest in a very aggressive deployment
strategy for ISDN.
-- In July 1992, Bellsouth announced the nation's first metropolitan-
wide deployment of ISDN in the cities of Huntsville and Madison, Ala.
-- Six months later, South Central Bell customers throughout the
state of Tennessee were offered ISDN Individual Line Service and now
ISDN availability is being expanded region wide.
This announcement significantly increases the percentage of customers
with access to ISDN capabilities and will ultimately lead to 100% of
BellSouth customers. Until now, 50% of BellSouth's customers in major
metropolitan areas had direct access to ISDN and 320 central offices
were equipped with ISDN. The expanded access applies to ISDN Individual
Line (2B+D) and MegaLink (SM) ISDN Service which is BellSouth's primary
rate (23B+D) offering.
"Previously, you had to be served directly by a central office switch
equipped with ISDN capability. Under this new alternate serving
arrangement, ISDN capabilities can be routed from a nearby ISDN-capable
switch to your home or office -- at no additional charge. This arrangement
is a cost-effective and expeditious method of deploying ISDN region wide,"
Carter said.
ISDN availability is an important part of the information superhighway
providing access at lower speeds. For example, through distance
learning, advanced classes could be transported at very high speeds to
a customer's city on the information highway from a university in
another city. This high speed signal is then divided into lower
speeds and redistributed within the city. ISDN would make these
classes available to any school anywhere.
Dr. Ira Denton, chief surgeon at Crestwood Hospital in Huntsville,
Ala., has used ISDN to send, receive and annotate X-rays and video
images while talking to other physicians. Because ISDN is available
citywide and there are no geographic restrictions, physicians can
communicate through ISDN from any of their offices and even their
homes.
"Health care specialists as well as any other businesses that have
multiple locations within a metropolitan area can benefit from this
new capability," Carter added. "The education industry will
especially benefit from applications including distance learning,
security and truancy monitoring."
To aid in marketing ISDN, last year BellSouth announced the "ISDN
Applications and Solutions Plus" (IAS+) initiative where strategic
marketing alliances are formed in major metropolitan areas to provide
customers with complete and innovative solutions. This initiative in
addition to the expanded access will make ISDN applications more
readily available for BellSouth customers.
BellSouth Telecommunications, Inc., with headquarters in Atlanta,
provides telecommunications services in the BellSouth (NYSE: BLS)
region. BellSouth Telecommunications, Inc. does business as Southern
Bell in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, and as
South Central Bell in Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi and
Louisiana. These companies serve more than 19 million local telephone
lines and provide local exchange and intraLATA long distance service
over one of the most modern telecommunications networks in the world.
CONTACT:
Karen M. Roughton of BellSouth Telecommunications, 404-529-6514
BellSouth National ISDN HotLine, 1-800-428-4736
Posted by Bellcore ISDN Hotline 1-800-992-ISDN
------------------
Bill Sohl (K2UNK) BELLCORE (Bell Communications Research, Inc.)
Morristown, NJ email via UUCP bcr!cc!whs70
201-829-2879 Weekdays email via Internet
[email protected]
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 9:22:42 MST
From: John Shaver <
[email protected]>
Subject: Last Laugh! Bauds, Baudlets, Baudettes, Baby Bauds and Such
[email protected] wrote, Re: Transborder Local Calls:
> John Botari <
[email protected]> writes:
>> concerning a local calling area that crosses an international boundary
>> ... Baudette, MN - (218) 634-xxxx, and Rainy River, ON - (807) 852-xxxx
> Is a Baudette a small Baud? <g>
> Wally Bloss
> A Human
TELECOM Digest Editor added his two cent's worth:
> [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: No, a baudette is a female baud. A
> baudlet is a baby baud. :) PAT]
I thought that a Baudlet was an earthy song.
------------------------------
End of TELECOM Digest V14 #143
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