BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment for insomnia and tension.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system of brain--part that controls
emotions. Induces near-normal sleep pattern.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 minutes.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Clumsiness, Continue. Call doctor
drowsiness, dizziness. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor
confusion, right away.
depression,
irritability,
rash, itch, change
in vision.
Constipation or Continue. Call doctor
diarrhea, nausea, when convenient.
vomiting, painful or
difficult urination.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. May develop
agitation, rage or "hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older
than 6 months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you
complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish
or disappear.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
"Hangover" effect may occur.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure
frequency or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihistamines Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased flurazepam
effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
MAO inhibitors Convulsions, deep
sedation, rage.
Molindone Increased sedative
effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet, capsule or liquid--Swallow with food or liquid
to lessen stomach irritation. If you can't swallow
whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with
liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same times each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
May partially block nerve impulses at nerve-cell
connections.
Time lapse before drug works:
60 minutes.
Don't take with:
Non-prescription drugs without consulting doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Dizziness, drowsiness, Continue. Call doctor
"hangover" effect. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Rash or hives; Discontinue. Call doctor
swollen face, lips, right away.
eyelids; sore
throat, fever.
Depression, Continue. Call doctor
confusion, slurred when convenient.
speech, nausea,
vomiting, joint or
muscle pain.
Rare:
Agitation, slow Discontinue. Call doctor
heartbeat, breathing right away.
difficulty, jaundice.
Unexplained bleeding Continue. Call doctor
or bruising. when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Deep sleep, weak pulse, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any barbiturate.
You have porphyria.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have epilepsy.
If you have kidney or liver damage.
If you have asthma.
If you have anemia.
If you have chronic pain.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. Use small doses.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under doctor's supervision.
Prolonged use:
May cause addiction, anemia, chronic intoxication.
May lower body temperature, making exposure to cold
temperatures hazardous.
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to
sun or sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instructions. If you develop withdrawal symptoms of
hallucinations, agitation or sleeplessness after
discontinuing, call doctor right away.
Others:
Great potential for abuse.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not brething, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to chloral hydrate.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had liver, kidney or heart trouble.
If you are prone to stomach upsets (if medicine is in
oral form).
If you have colitis or a rectal inflammation (if
medicine is in suppository form).
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. More likely to have
"hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Unborn
child may become addicted to drug. Don't use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug filters into milk. May harm child. Avoid.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Addiction and possible kidney damage.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes, such as
antihistamines, tranquilizers, sedatives, pain
medicine, narcotics and mind-altering drugs.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may
require gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a
long time. Doses of other drugs may also require
adjustment.
Others:
Frequent kidney-function tests recommended when drug is
used for a long time.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet, capsule or liquid--Swallow with food or liquid
to lessen stomach irritation. If you can't swallow
whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take with
liquid or food.
Suppositories--Remove wrapper and moisten suppository
with water. Gently insert larger end into rectum. Push
well into rectum with finger.
When to take:
At the same times each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
May partially block nerve impulses at nerve-cell
connections.
Time lapse before drug works:
60 minutes.
Don't take with:
Non-prescription drugs without consulting doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Dizziness, drowsiness, Continue. Call doctor
"hangover" effect. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Rash or hives; face, Discontinue. Call doctor
lip seelling; swollen right away.
eyelids; sore throat,
fever.
Depression, Continue. Call doctor
confusion, slurred when convenient.
speech, diarrhea,
nausea, vomiting,
joint or muscle pain.
Rare:
Agitation, slow Discontinue. Call doctor
heartbeat, difficult right away.
breathing, jaundice.
Unexplained bleeding Continue. Call doctor
or bruising. when convenient.
OVERDOSE
Symptoms:
Deep sleep, weak pulse, coma.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any barbiturate.
You have porphyria.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have epilepsy.
If you have kidney or liver damage.
If you have asthma.
If you have anemia.
If you have chronic pain.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. Use small doses.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under doctor's supervision.
Prolonged use:
May cause addiction, anemia, chronic intoxication.
May lower body temperature, making exposure to cold
temperatures hazardous.
Skin and sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to
sun or sunlamp.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
May be unnecessary to finish medicine. Follow doctor's
instrucitons. If you develop withdrawal symptoms of
hallucinations, agitation or sleeplessness after
discontinuing, call doctor right away.
Others:
Great potential for abuse.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
Griseofulvin Decreased griseofulvin
effect.
Indapamide Increased indapamide
effect.
MAO inhibitors Increased pentobarbital
effect.
Mind-altering drugs Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Molindone Increased sedative effect.
Narcotics Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Pain relievers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Sedatives Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Sleep inducers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Tranquilizers Dangerous sedation. Avoid.
Valproic acid Increased pentobarbital
effect.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Possible fatal
oversedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased pentobarbital
effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Excessive sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco None expected.
TEMAZEPAM
BRAND NAMES
Restoril
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment for insomnia.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system of brain--part that controls
emotions. Induces near-normal sleep pattern.
Time lapse before drug works:
30 minutes.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Clumsiness, Continue. Call doctor
drowsiness, dizziness. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor
confusion, depression, right away.
irritability, rash
itchy skin, change
in vision.
Constipation or Continue. Call doctor
diarrhea, nausea, when convenient.
vomiting, difficult
urination.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not breathing, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. May develop
agitation, rage or "hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on maintaining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older
than 6 months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without doctor's advice until you
complete prescribed dose, even though symptoms diminish
or disappear.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure
frequency or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihistamines Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased temazepam
effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
MAO inhibitors Convilsions, deep
sedation, rage.
Molindone Increased sedative
effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interactis With Combined Effect
Alcohol Heave sedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased temazepam
effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco Decreased temazepam
effect.
TRIAZOLAM
BRAND NAMES
Halcion
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? Yes
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Tranquilizer (benzodiazepine)
USES
Treatment of insomnia. Not recommended for more than 2
weeks maximum.
DOSAGE AND USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet or capsule--Swallow with liquid. If you can't
swallow whole, crumble tablet or open capsule and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same time each day, according to instructions on
prescription label.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If
more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't
double this dose).
What drug does:
Affects limbic system, the part of the brain that
controls emotions.
Time lapse before drug works:
2 hours. May take 6 weeks for full benefit.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
Symptoms What To Do
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Clumsiness, Continue. Call doctor
drowsiness, dizziness. when convenient.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call doctor
confusion, depression, right away.
irratibility, rash,
itchy skin, change
in vision.
Constipation or Continue. Call doctor
diarrhea, nausea, when convenient.
vomiting, difficult
urination.
What to do:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
If patient is unconscious and not brething, give
mouth-to-mouth breathing. If there is no heartbeat, use
cardiac massage and mouth-to-mouth breathing (CPR).
Don't try to make patient vomit. If you can't get help
quickly, take patient to nearest emergency facility.
See emergency information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any benzodiazepine.
You have myasthenia gravis.
You are active or recovering alcoholic.
Patient is younger than 6 months.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have liver, kidney or lung disease.
If you have diabetes, epilepsy or porphyria.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including
dental surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Over age 60:
Adverse reactions and side effects may be more frequent
and severe than in younger persons. You need smaller
doses for shorter periods of time. May develop
agitation, rage or "hangover" effect.
Pregnancy:
Risk ot unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't
use.
Breast-feeding:
Drug passes into milk. Avoid drug or discontinue
nursing until you finish medicine. Consult doctor for
advice on mainataining milk supply.
Infants and children:
Use only under medical supervision for children older
than 6 months.
Prolonged use:
May impair liver function.
Skin and sunlight:
No problems expected.
Driving, piloting or hazardous work:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how
medicine affects you. Don't work around dangerous
machinery. Don't climb ladders or work in high places.
Danger increases if you drink alcohol or take medicine
affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may
require gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a
long time. Doses of other drugs may also require
adjustment.
Others:
Hot weather, heavy exercise and profuse sweat may reduce
excretion and cause overdose.
Blood sugar may rise in diabetics, requiring insulin
adjustment.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS
Generic Name or Drug Class Combined Effect
Anticonvulsants Change in seizure
frequency or severity.
Antidepressants Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihistamines Increased sedative
effect of both drugs.
Antihypertensives Excessively low blood
pressure.
Cimetidine Excess sedation.
Disulfiram Increased triazolam
effect.
Dronabinol Increased effects of
both drugs. Avoid.
MAO inhibitors Convulsions, deep
sedation, rage.
Molindone Increased sedative effect.
Narcotics Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Sedatives Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Sleep inducers Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
Tranquilizers Increased sedative effect
of both drugs.
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
Interacts With Combined Effect
Alcohol Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Beverages None expected.
Cocaine Decreased traizolam
effect.
Foods None expected.
Marijuana Heavy sedation. Avoid.
Tobacco Decreased triazolam
effect.
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