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=                         Ray_Stannard_Baker                         =
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                            Introduction
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Ray Stannard Baker (April 17, 1870 - July 12, 1946) (also known by his
pen name David Grayson) was an American journalist, historian,
biographer, and writer.


                             Biography
======================================================================
Baker was born in Lansing, Michigan.  After graduating from the
Michigan State Agricultural College (now Michigan State University),
he attended law school at the University of Michigan in 1891 before
launching his career as a journalist in 1892 with the 'Chicago
News-Record,' where he covered the Pullman Strike and Coxey's Army in
1894.

In 1896, Ray Stannard Baker married Jessie Beal. They had four
children: Alice Beal (1897), James Stannard (1899), Roger Denio
(1902), and Rachel Moore (1906).

In 1898, Baker joined the staff of 'McClure's', a pioneer muckraking
magazine, and quickly rose to prominence along with Lincoln Steffens
and Ida Tarbell.  He also dabbled in fiction, writing children's
stories for the magazine 'Youth's Companion' and a nine-volume series
of stories about rural living in America, the first of which was
titled 'Adventures in Contentment' (1907) under his pseudonym David
Grayson, which reached millions of readers worldwide.

In 1907, dissatisfied with the muckraker label, Baker, Steffens, and
Tarbell left 'McClure's' and founded 'The American Magazine'. In 1908,
after the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot got him involved, Baker published the
book 'Following the Color Line: An Account of Negro Citizenship in the
American Democracy', becoming the first prominent journalist to
examine America's racial divide; it was extremely successful.
Sociologist Rupert Vance says it is:



He followed up that work with numerous articles in the following
decade.

In 1910, he moved to the town of Amherst, Massachusetts.

In 1912, Baker published 'The Friendly Road', an account of the places
he visited and people he met while on a walking tour of the United
States. In that year's presidential election Baker supported the
presidential candidacy of Woodrow Wilson, which led to a close
relationship between the two men, and in 1918 Wilson sent Baker to
Europe to study the war situation.  He was in connection with the
future president of Czechoslovak Republic Thomas Garrigue Masaryk in
America yet, from May 1918.  During peace negotiations, Baker served
as Wilson's press secretary at Versailles.  He eventually published 15
volumes about Wilson and internationalism, including the six-volume
'The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson' (1925-1927) with William Edward
Dodd, and the 8-volume 'Woodrow Wilson: Life and Letters' (1927-1939),
the last two volumes of which won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or
Autobiography in 1940.  He served as an adviser on Darryl F. Zanuck's
1944 film 'Wilson'.

Baker wrote two autobiographies, 'Native American' (1941) and
'American Chronicle' (1945).

Baker died of a heart attack in Amherst, Massachusetts, and is buried
in Amherst's Wildwood Cemetery.  Buildings have been named in honor of
both Ray Stannard Baker and David Grayson (his pen name). A dormitory,
Grayson Hall, is at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The David
Grayson Elementary School is in Waterford, Michigan. An academic
building, Baker Hall, is at Michigan State University.  A trail in
Amherst has also been named for Baker.

Baker's brother Hugh Potter Baker was the president of Massachusetts
State College, which  later became the University of Massachusetts.


Books
=======
* 'Shop Talks on the Wonders of Crafts' (Chicago, 1895)
* 'Our New Prosperity' (New York: Doubleday & Company, McClure,
1900)
* 'The Boys Book of Inventions' (London: Harper & Brothers, 1900)
* 'Seen in Germany' (New York: McClure, Phillips, 1901)
* 'Boys' Second Book of Inventions' (New York: McClure, Phillips,
1903)
* 'Following the Color Line: An Account of Negro Citizenship in the
American Democracy' (New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, New
York, 1908) [https://archive.org/details/followingcolorl00bakegoog
read online]
* 'New Ideals in Healing' (New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company,
1909)
* 'Adventures in Friendship' (New York: Doubleday, Page & Company,
1910) [https://archive.org/details/adventuresinfri01bakegoog read
online]
* 'Adventures in Contentment' (1907) (as David Grayson)
* 'The Atlanta Riot' (1907)
* 'The Spiritual Unrest' (New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1910)
[https://archive.org/details/spiritualunrest00bake read online]
* 'The Friendly Road' (Doubleday, 1912) (as David Grayson)
* 'Great Possessions: A New Series of Adventures' (New York:
Doubleday, Page & Company, 1917) (as David Grayson)
[https://archive.org/details/greatpossession00bakegoog read online]
* 'What Wilson Did at Paris' (New York, 1919)
* 'Woodrow Wilson and World Settlement' (3 vols.) (New York:
Doubleday, Page & Company, 1922-1923)
[https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonwor01bake/page/n7/mode/2up
read vol. 1 online],
[https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonwor02bake/page/n7/mode/2up
read vol. 2 online],
[https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonwor01bake/page/n7/mode/2up
read vol. 3 online]
* 'An American Pioneer in Science: The Life and Service of William
James Beal', with Jessie B. Baker (Amherst, Mass: Privately printed,
1925)
* 'Adventures in Understanding' (New York: Doubleday, Page &
Company, 1925) (as David Grayson)
* 'The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson'. With William Edward Dodd. Six
volumes. (1925-1927)
* 'Woodrow Wilson: Life and Letters' (8 vols.) (New York: Doubleday,
Page, and Doubleday, Doran) (1927-1939),
[https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0000bake/ "Youth,
1856-1890" (1927)],
[https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0002bake/ "Princeton,
1890-1910" (1927)],
[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.54171/page/n7/mode/2up
"Governor, 1910-1913 (1931)"],
[https://books.google.com/books/about/Woodrow_Wilson.html?id=oOOdygAACAAJ
"President, 1913-1914" (1931)],
[https://books.google.com/books/about/Woodrow_Wilson_Neutrality_1914_1915.html?id=ZluuAAAAIAAJ
"Neutrality 1914-1915" (1935)],
[https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0000bake_e0w0 "Facing
War, 1915-1917" (1937)],
[https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0000bake_g9c3 "War
Leader, April 6, 1917 - February 28, 1918" (1939)],
[https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0000bake_s0o6 "Armistice,
March 1 - November 11, 1918 (1939)"] (1940 Pulitzer Prize for
Biography or Autobiography).
* 'Woodrow Wilson: Neutrality, 1914-1915' (New York: Doubleday, Page
& Company, 1935)
[https://books.google.com/books/about/Woodrow_Wilson_Neutrality_1914_1915.html?id=ZluuAAAAIAAJ
read online]
* 'The Countryman's Year' (New York: Doubleday, Page, and Doubleday,
Doran, 1936) (as David Grayson)
* 'The Capture, Death and Burial of J. Wilkes Booth' (Poor Richard
Press, 1940)
[https://archive.org/details/capturedeathburi00bake/mode/2up read
online]
* 'Native American: The Book of My Youth' (New York: Charles
Scribner's Sons, 1941)
* 'American Chronicle: The Autobiography of Ray Stannard Baker' (as
David Grayson) (Charles Scribner's Son, 1945)
[https://archive.org/details/americanchronicl00bake read online]
* 'A Journalist's Diplomatic Mission: Ray Stannard Baker's World War I
Diary'. John Maxwell Hamilton, ed. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State
University Press, 2012.


Articles
==========
* [https://archive.org/details/19040500BakerReignoflawlessnessinco
"The Reign of Lawlessness: Anarchy and Despotism in Colorado,"]
'McClure's Magazine', vol. 23, no. 1 (May 1904), pp. 43-57.


                          Further reading
======================================================================
* Hamilton, John M. (2020) 'Manipulating the Masses: Woodrow Wilson
and the Birth of American Propaganda'. Louisiana State University
Press.
* Bannister,  Robert C., 'Ray Stannard Baker: The Mind and Thought of
a Progressive.' (1966)
* Gorton, Stephanie. 'Citizen Reporters: S.S. McClure, Ida Tarbell,
and the Magazine that Rewrote America].' New York: Ecco/HarperCollins,
2020.


                           External links
======================================================================
*[http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/6395w709d Ray Stannard Baker
Papers at the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University]
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*[http://joneslibrary.org/211/Special-Collections Papers, Special
Collections, Jones Library, Amherst, MA.]
*
*Ray Stannard Baker's collected journalism at
[http://www.historicjournalism.com/ray-stannard-baker.html The Archive
of American Journalism]


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