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=                           HP_Integral_PC                           =
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                            Introduction
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The HP Integral PC (or HP 9807A) is a portable UNIX workstation
computer system produced by Hewlett-Packard, launched in 1985 at a
price of £5450. It utilizes the Motorola 68000 microprocessor (running
at 8 MHz) and ran the HP-UX 1.0 operating system.


                              Hardware
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The Integral PC is a mains-powered portable computer with a 9-inch
amber electroluminescent display with a resolution of 512×255 pixels
or 80×25 characters (the 256th line of the display is not used). It
also incorporated a 710 kB  3.5" floppy disk drive and an HP ThinkJet
ink-jet printer. Standard memory capacity was 256 KB ROM plus 512 KB
RAM, expandable to 7.5 MB. Expansion slots and an HP-IB bus were also
included. The mechanical design was based on the ideas of the de facto
standard HP-85.

Within the Integral PC CPU, RAM, ROM, memory management, I/O
buffering, system timing and keyboard interface are integrated on a
single logic-board. All peripheral units and the 14 connections are
built using independent boards. Each board is smaller than a letter
sized sheet. To make it easier to check the boards, each board
contains an own timer. The I/O-board (with two connections for
optional addons), the keyboard-interface, the "Human Interface Link"
HP-HIL and the power supply can be checked and tested independently.

The graphics processor of the Integral PC (GPU) was custom made and
could drive an electroluminescence display or nearly every kind of
monitor. The processor provides a graphical subsystem which is simple
to use to drive a bitmapped display (32 KB display memory). The GPU is
able to draw lines, rectangles and alphanumerical characters by
hardware. Additionally it provides a hardware cursor and the
display-RAM-interface.

The electroluminescence-display was based on thin-film-technique
developed by HP and other companies.


                              Software
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The Integral PC is unusual in that the HP-UX operating system kernel
resided in the ROM, which also included the HP Windows graphical user
interface and the Personal Applications Manager (PAM). HP-UX commands
and utilities were supplied separately on floppy disk, with separate
disks for standard Unix commands (including the C shell), utilities,
diagnostics and system programming resources. There was an add on ROM
that provides HP-BASIC. Using the ROM, the Integral PC was ready to
run BASIC simply by switching on the system.


                              See also
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* HP Roman-8 (character set)


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