THE FIRST EPISTLE OF ST. JOHN THE APOSTLE

         The same vein of divine love and charity towards our
         neighbour, which runs throughout the Gospel written by the
         beloved disciple and Evangelist, St. John, is found also in
         his Epistles. He confirms the two principal mysteries of
         faith: The mystery of the Trinity and the mystery of the
         incarnation of Jesus Christ the Son of God. The sublimity
         and excellence of the evangelical doctrine he declares: And
         this commandment we have from God, that he, who loveth God,
         love also his brother (chap. 4,21). And again: For this is
         the charity of God, that we keep his commandments, and: His
         commandments are not heavy (chap. 5,3).  He shews how to
         distinguish the children of God from those of the devil:
         marks out those who should be called Antichrists: describes
         the turpitude and gravity of sin. Finally, he shews how the
         sinner may hope for pardon. It was written, according to
         Baronius' account, sixty-six years after our Lord's
         Ascension.

         1 John Chapter 1

         He declares what he has seen and heard of Christ who is the
         life eternal, to the end that we may have fellowship with
         God and all good through him. Yet so if we confess our
         sins.

         1:1. That which was from the beginning, which we have
         heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have
         looked upon and our hands have handled, of the word of
         life.

         1:2. For the life was manifested: and we have seen and do
         bear witness and declare unto you the life eternal, which
         was with the Father and hath appeared to us.

         1:3. That which we have seen and have heard, we declare
         unto you: that you also may have fellowship with us and our
         fellowship may be with the Father and with his Son Jesus
         Christ.

         1:4. And these things we write to you, that you may rejoice
         and your joy may be full.

         1:5. And this is the declaration which we have heard from
         him and declare unto you: That God is light and in him
         there is no darkness.

         1:6. If we say that we have fellowship with him and walk in
         darkness, we lie and do not the truth.

         1:7. But if we walk in the light, as he also is in the
         light, we have fellowship one with another: And the blood
         of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin.

         1:8. If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves
         and the truth is not in us.

         1:9. If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just, to
         forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all iniquity.

         1:10. If we say that we have not sinned, we make him a
         liar: and his word is not in us.

         1 John Chapter 2

         Christ is our advocate. We must keep his commandments and
         love one another. We must not love the world nor give ear
         to new teachers, but abide by the spirit of God in the
         church.

         2:1. My little children, these things I write to you, that
         you may not sin. But if any man sin, we have an advocate
         with the Father, Jesus Christ the just.  2:2. And he is the
         propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but also
         for those of the whole world.

         2:3. And by this we know that we have known him, if we keep
         his commandments.

         We have known him, if we keep his commandments...  He
         speaks of that practical knowledge by love and affection,
         which can only be proved by our keeping his commandments;
         and without which we can not be said to know God as we
         should do.

         2:4. He who saith that he knoweth him and keepeth not his
         commandments is a liar: and the truth is not in him.

         2:5. But he that keepeth his word, in him in very deed the
         charity of God is perfected. And by this we know that we
         are in him.

         2:6. He that saith he abideth in him ought himself also to
         walk even as he walked.

         2:7. Dearly beloved, I write not a new commandment to you,
         but an old commandment which you had from the beginning.
         The old commandment is the word which you have heard.

         2:8. Again a new commandment I write unto you: which thing
         is true both in him and in you, because the darkness is
         passed and the true light now shineth.

         A new commandment... Viz., the commandment of love, which
         was first given in the old law; but was renewed and
         extended by Christ.  See John 13.34.

         2:9. He that saith he is in the light and hateth his
         brother is in darkness even until now.

         2:10. He that loveth his brother abideth in the light: and
         there is no scandal in him.

         2:11. But he that hateth his brother is in darkness and
         walketh in darkness and knoweth not whither he goeth:
         because the darkness hath blinded his eyes.

         2:12. I write unto you, little children, because your sins
         are forgiven you for his name's sake.

         2:13. I write unto you, fathers, because you have known him
         who is from the beginning. I write unto you, young men,
         because you have overcome the wicked one.

         2:14. I write unto you, babes, because you have known the
         Father. I write unto you, young men, because you are
         strong, and the word of God abideth in you, and you have
         overcome the wicked one.

         2:15. Love not the world, nor the things which are in the
         world. If any man love the world, the charity of the Father
         is not in him.

         2:16. For all that is in the world is the concupiscence of
         the flesh and the concupiscence of the eyes and the pride
         of life, which is not of the Father but is of the world.

         2:17. And the world passeth away and the concupiscence
         thereof: but he that doth the will of God abideth for ever.

         2:18. Little children, it is the last hour: and as you have
         heard that Antichrist cometh, even now there are become
         many Antichrists: whereby we know that it is the last hour.

         It is the last hour... That is, it is the last age of the
         world.  Many Antichrists;... that is, many heretics,
         enemies of Christ and his church, and forerunners of the
         great Antichrist.

         2:19. They went out from us but they were not of us. For if
         they had been of us, they would no doubt have remained with
         us: but that they may be manifest, that they are not all of
         us.

         They were not of us... That is, they were not solid,
         steadfast, genuine Christians: otherwise they would have
         remained in the church.

         2:20. But you have the unction from the Holy One and know
         all things.

         The unction from the Holy One... That is, grace and wisdom
         from the Holy Ghost. Know all things... The true children
         of God's church, remaining in unity, under the guidance of
         their lawful pastors, partake of the grace of the Holy
         Ghost, promised to the church and her pastors; and have in
         the church all necessary knowledge and instruction; so as
         to have no need to seek it elsewhere, since it can be only
         found in that society of which they are members.

         2:21. I have not written to you as to them that know not
         the truth, but as to them that know it: and that no lie is
         of the truth.

         2:22. Who is a liar, but he who denieth that Jesus is the
         Christ?  This is Antichrist, who denieth the Father and the
         Son.

         2:23. Whosoever denieth the Son, the same hath not the
         Father. He that confesseth the Son hath the Father also.

         2:24. As for you, let that which you have heard from the
         beginning abide in you. If that abide in you, which you
         have heard from the beginning, you also shall abide in the
         Son and in the Father.

         2:25. And this is the promise which he hath promised us,
         life everlasting.

         2:26. These things have I written to you concerning them
         that seduce you.

         2:27. And as for you, let the unction, which you have
         received from him abide in you. And you have no need that
         any man teach you: but as his unction teacheth you of all
         things and is truth and is no lie. And as it hath taught
         you, abide in him.

         You have no need, etc... You want not to be taught by any
         of these men, who, under pretence of imparting more
         knowledge to you, seek to seduce you (ver. 26), since you
         are sufficiently taught already, and have all knowledge and
         grace in the church, with the unction of the Holy Ghost;
         which these new teachers have no share in.

         2:28. And now, little children, abide in him, that when he
         shall appear we may have confidence and not be confounded
         by him at his coming.

         2:29. If you know that he is just, know ye, that every one
         also who doth justice is born of him.

         1 John Chapter 3

         Of the love of God to us. How we may distinguish the
         children of God and those of the devil. Of loving one
         another and of purity of conscience.

         3:1. Behold what manner of charity the Father hath bestowed
         upon us, that we should be called and should be the sons of
         God.  Therefore the world knoweth not us, because it knew
         not him.

         3:2. Dearly beloved, we are now the sons of God: and it
         hath not yet appeared what we shall be. We know that when
         he shall appear we shall be like to him: because we shall
         see him as he is.

         3:3. And every one that hath this hope in him sanctifieth
         himself, as he also is holy.

         3:4. Whosoever committeth sin committeth also iniquity. And
         sin is iniquity.

         Iniquity... transgression of the law.

         3:5. And you know that he appeared to take away our sins:
         and in him there is no sin.

         3:6. Whosoever abideth in him sinneth not: and whosoever
         sinneth hath not seen him nor known him.

         Sinneth not... viz., mortally. See chap. 1.8.

         3:7. Little children, let no man deceive you. He that doth
         justice is just, even as he is just.

         3:8. He that committeth sin is of the devil: for the devil
         sinneth from the beginning. For this purpose the Son of God
         appeared, that he might destroy the works of the devil.

         3:9. Whosoever is born of God committeth not sin: for his
         seed abideth in him. And he cannot sin, because he is born
         of God.

         Committeth not sin... That is, as long as he keepeth in
         himself this seed of grace, and this divine generation, by
         which he is born of God. But then he may fall from this
         happy state, by the abuse of his free will, as appears from
         Rom. 11.20-22; Cor. 9.27; and 10.12; Phil. 2.12; Apoc.
         3.11.

         3:10. In this the children of God are manifest, and the
         children of the devil. Whosoever is not just is not of God,
         or he that loveth not his brother.

         3:11. For this is the declaration which you have heard from
         the beginning, that you should love one another.

         3:12. Not as Cain, who was of the wicked one and killed his
         brother.  And wherefore did he kill him? Because his own
         works were wicked: and his brother's just.

         3:13. Wonder not, brethren, if the world hate you.

         3:14. We know that we have passed from death to life,
         because we love the brethren. He that loveth not abideth in
         death.

         3:15. Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer. And you
         know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in himself.

         3:16. In this we have known the charity of God, because he
         hath laid down his life for us: and we ought to lay down
         our lives for the brethren.

         3:17. He that hath the substance of this world and shall
         see his brother in need and shall shut up his bowels from
         him: how doth the charity of God abide in him?

         3:18. My little children, let us not love in word nor in
         tongue, but in deed and in truth.

         3:19. In this we know that we are of the truth and in his
         sight shall persuade our hearts.

         3:20. For if our heart reprehend us, God is greater than
         our heart and knoweth all things.

         3:21. Dearly beloved, if our heart do not reprehend us, we
         have confidence towards God.

         3:22. And whatsoever we shall ask, we shall receive of him:
         because we keep his commandments and do those things which
         are pleasing in his sight.

         3:23. And this is his commandment: That we should believe
         in the name of his Son Jesus Christ and love one another,
         as he hath given commandment unto us.

         3:24. And he that keepeth his commandments abideth in him,
         and he in him. And in this we know that he abideth in us by
         the Spirit which he hath given us.

         1 John Chapter 4

         What spirits are of God, and what are not. We must love one
         another, because God has loved us.

         4:1. Dearly beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the
         spirits if they be of God: because many false prophets are
         gone out into the world.

         Try the spirits... Viz., by examining whether their
         teaching be agreeable to the rule of the Catholic faith,
         and the doctrine of the church. For as he says, (ver. 6,)
         He that knoweth God, heareth us [the pastors of the
         church]. By this we know the spirit of truth, and the
         spirit of error.

         4:2. By this is the spirit of God known. Every spirit which
         confesseth that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is of
         God:

         Every spirit which confesseth, etc... Not that the
         confession of this point of faith alone, is, at all times,
         and in all cases, sufficient; but that with relation to
         that time, and for that part of the Christian doctrine,
         which was then particularly to be confessed, taught, and
         maintained against the heretics of those days, this was the
         most proper token, by which the true teachers might be
         distinguished form the false.

         4:3. And every spirit that dissolveth Jesus is not of God.
         And this is Antichrist, of whom you have heard that he
         cometh: and he is now already in the world.

         That dissolveth Jesus... Viz., either by denying his
         humanity, or his divinity. He is now already in the
         world... Not in his person, but in his spirit, and in his
         precursors.

         4:4. You are of God, little children, and have overcome
         him.  Because greater is he that is in you, than he that is
         in the world.

         4:5. They are of the world. Therefore of the world they
         speak: and the world heareth them.

         4:6. We are of God. He that knoweth God heareth us. He that
         is not of God heareth us not. By this we know the spirit of
         truth and the spirit of error.

         4:7. Dearly beloved, let us love one another: for charity
         is of God. And every one that loveth is born of God and
         knoweth God.

         4:8. He that loveth not knoweth not God: for God is
         charity.

         4:9. By this hath the charity of God appeared towards us,
         because God hath sent his only begotten Son into the world,
         that we may live by him.

         4:10. In this is charity: not as though we had loved God,
         but because he hath first loved us, and sent his Son to be
         a propitiation for our sins.

         4:11. My dearest, if God hath so loved us, we also ought to
         love one another.

         4:12. No man hath seen God at any time. If we love one
         another, God abideth in us: and his charity is perfected in
         us.

         4:13. In this we know that we abide in him, and he in us:
         because he hath given us of his spirit.

         4:14. And we have seen and do testify that the Father hath
         sent his Son to be the Saviour of the world.

         4:15. Whosoever shall confess that Jesus is the Son of God,
         God abideth in him, and he in God.

         4:16. And we have known and have believed the charity which
         God hath to us. God is charity: and he that abideth in
         charity abideth in God, and God in him.

         4:17. In this is the charity of God perfected with us, that
         we may have confidence in the day of judgment: because as
         he is, we also are in this world.

         4:18. Fear is not in charity: but perfect charity casteth
         out fear, because fear hath sin. And he that feareth is not
         perfected in charity.

         Fear is not in charity, etc... Perfect charity, or love,
         banisheth human fear, that is, the fear of men; as also all
         perplexing fear, which makes men mistrust or despair of
         God's mercy; and that kind of servile fear, which makes
         them fear the punishment of sin more than the offence
         offered to God. But it no way excludes the wholesome fear
         of God's judgments, so often recomended in holy writ; nor
         that fear and trembling, with which we are told to work out
         our salvation. Phil. 2.12.

         4:19. Let us therefore love God: because God first hath
         loved us.

         4:20. If any man say: I love God, and hateth his brother;
         he is a liar. For he that loveth not his brother whom he
         seeth, how can he love God whom he seeth not?

         4:21. And this commandment we have from God, that he who
         loveth God love also his brother.

         1 John Chapter 5

         Of them that are born of God, and of true charity. Faith
         overcomes the world. Three that bear witness to Christ. Of
         faith in his name and of sin that is and is not to death.

         5:1. Whosoever believeth that Jesus is the Christ, is born
         of God.  And every one that loveth him who begot, loveth
         him also who is born of him.

         Is born of God... That is, is justified, and become a child
         of God by baptism: which is also to be understood; provided
         the belief of this fundamental article of the Christian
         faith be accompanied with all the other conditions, which,
         by the word of God, and his appointment, are also required
         to justification; such as a general belief of all that God
         has revealed and promised: hope, love, repentance, and a
         sincere disposition to keep God's holy law and
         commandments.

         5:2. In this we know that we love the children of God: when
         we love God and keep his commandments.

         5:3. For this is the charity of God: That we keep his
         commandments.  And his commandments are not heavy.

         5:4. For whatsoever is born of God overcometh the world.
         And this is the victory which overcameth the world: Our
         faith.

         Our faith... Not a bare, speculative, or dead faith; but a
         faith that worketh by charity. Gal. 5.6

         5:5. Who is he that overcometh the world, but he that
         believeth that Jesus is the Son of God?

         5:6. This is he that came by water and blood, Jesus Christ:
         not by water only but by water and blood. And it is the
         Spirit which testifieth that Christ is the truth.

         Came by water and blood... Not only to wash away our sins
         by the water of baptism, but by his own blood.

         5:7. And there are Three who give testimony in heaven, the
         Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost. And these three are
         one.

         5:8. And there are three that give testimony on earth: the
         spirit and the water and the blood. And these three are
         one.

         The spirit, and the water, and the blood... As the Father,
         the Word, and the Holy Ghost, all bear witness to Christ's
         divinity; so the spirit, which he yielded up, crying out
         with a loud voice upon the cross; and the water and blood
         that issued from his side, bear witness to his humanity,
         and are one; that is, all agree in one testimony.

         5:9. If we receive the testimony of men, the testimony of
         God is greater. For this is the testimony of God, which is
         greater, because he hath testified of his Son.

         5:10. He that believeth in the Son of God hath the
         testimony of God in himself. He that believeth not the Son
         maketh him a liar: because he believeth not in the
         testimony which God hath testified of his Son.

         He that believeth not the Son, etc... By refusing to
         believe the testimonies given by the three divine persons,
         that Jesus was the Messias, and the true Son of God, by
         whom eternal life is obtained and promised to all that
         comply with his doctrine. In him we have also this lively
         confidence, that we shall obtain whatever we ask, according
         to his will, when we ask what is for our good, with
         perseverance, and in the manner we ought. And this we know,
         and have experience of, by having obtained the petitions
         that we have made.

         5:11. And this is the testimony that God hath given to us
         eternal life. And this life is in his Son.

         5:12. He that hath the Son hath life. He that hath not the
         Son hath not life.

         5:13. These things I write to you that you may know that
         you have eternal life: you who believe in the name of the
         Son of God.

         5:14. And this is the confidence which we have towards him:
         That, whatsoever we shall ask according to his will, he
         heareth us.

         5:15. And we know that he heareth us whatsoever we ask: we
         know that we have the petitions which we request of him.

         5:16. He that knoweth his brother to sin a sin which is not
         to death, let him ask: and life shall be given to him who
         sinneth not to death. There is a sin unto death. For that I
         say not that any man ask.

         A sin which is not to death, etc... It is hard to determine
         what St. John here calls a sin which is not to death, and a
         sin which is unto death. The difference can not be the same
         as betwixt sins that are called venial and mortal: for he
         says, that if a man pray for his brother, who commits a sin
         that is not to death, life shall be given him: therefore
         such a one had before lost the life of grace, and been
         guilty of what is commonly called a mortal sin.  And when
         he speaks of a sin that is unto death, and adds these
         words, for that I say not that any man ask, it cannot be
         supposed that St. John would say this of every mortal sin,
         but only of some heinous sins, which are very seldom
         remitted, because such sinners very seldom repent. By a sin
         therefore which is unto death, interpreters commonly
         understand a wilfull apostasy from the faith, and from the
         known truth, when a sinner, hardened by his own
         ingratitude, becomes deaf to all admonitions, will do
         nothing for himself, but runs on to a final impenitence.
         Nor yet does St. John say, that such a sin is never
         remitted, or cannnot be remitted, but only has these words,
         for that I say not that any man ask the remission : that
         is, though we must pray for all sinners whatsoever, yet men
         can not pray for such sinners with such a confidence of
         obtaining always their petitions, as St. John said before,
         ver. 14.  Whatever exposition we follow on this verse, our
         faith teacheth us from the holy scriptures, that God
         desires not the death of any sinner, but that he be
         converted and live, Ezech. 33.11. Though men's sins be as
         red as scarlet, they shall become as white as snow, Isa.
         3.18. It is the will of God that every one come to the
         knowledge of the truth, and be saved. There is no sin so
         great but which God is willing to forgive, and has left a
         power in his church to remit the most enormous sins: so
         that no sinner need despair of pardon, nor will any sinner
         perist, but by his own fault. A sin unto death... Some
         understand this of final impenitence, or of dying in mortal
         sin; which is the only sin that never can be remitted. But,
         it is probable, he may also comprise under this name, the
         sin of apostasy from the faith, and some other such heinous
         sins as are seldom and hardly remitted: and therefore he
         gives little encouragement, to such as pray for these
         sinners, to expect what they ask.

         5:17. All iniquity is sin. And there is a sin unto death.

         5:18. We know that whosoever is born of God sinneth not:
         but the generation of God preserveth him and the wicked one
         toucheth him not.

         5:19. We know that we are of God and the whole world is
         seated in wickedness.

         And the whole world is seated in wickedness... That is, a
         great part of the world. It may also signify, is under the
         wicked one, meaning the devil, who is elsewhere called the
         prince of this world, that is, of all the wicked. John
         12.31.

         5:20. And we know that the Son of God is come. And he hath
         given us understanding that we may know the true God and
         may be in his true Son. This is the true God and life
         eternal.

         And may be in his true Son. He is, or this is the true God,
         and life eternal... Which words are a clear proof of
         Christ's divinity, and as such made use of by the ancient
         fathers.

         5:21. Little children, keep yourselves from idols. Amen.

         Keep yourselves from idols... An admonition to the newly
         converted Christians, lest conversing with heathens and
         idolaters, they might fall back into the sin of idolatry,
         which may be the sin unto death here mentioned by St. John.

The text in this file was taken with permission from Catholic Software's Douay Bible program, a complete multimedia Bible for the PC. The complete product description follows:

Douay Bible ME: A multimedia Bible. Text and footnotes are from the 1899 version of the Douay-Rheims Bible. Supports unlimited cut and paste as well as searches. It also has a concordance, topical index, and maps. These features make it powerful and easy to use. Music and color photography make it a visual and auditory feast. However, if your computer doesn't support multimedia, you can suppress these features at installation time. Available for DOS, Windows, or Windows 95. $85.00. Order from: Catholic Software, P.O. Box 1914, Murray, KY 42071. Phone: 1-502-753-8198.