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I. Introduction
II. The Paleographic Survey of the Statutes
III. Record I: The Statutes of the Commune of Bugella
(Biella).
IV. The Collection of the Statutes of the Commune of
Biella.
V. The Statutes of the College of the Drapers.
VI. Record II: The Fragmented Statutes of the Commune
of Biella of the Fourteenth Century.
VII. The Collection of the Fragments of the Statutes of
the Commune of Biella of the Fourteenth Century.
VIII. Record III: The Book of the Sacred Ordinances of the
Consuls and Officials of the Commune.
IX. Concerning the Podesta.
X. The Statutes concerning Dowries.
XI. The Privileges, Immunities, Honors, Liberties and
Customary Law of the Commune of Biella.
XII. The Collection of the three Records.
XIII. Record IV: The Statutes concerning the Sindication
of the Podesta.
XIV. The Collection of the Statutes concerning the
Sindication of the Podesta.
XV. Record V: The Statutes of the Wrongdoers of the
Commune of Biella.
XVI. Record VI: The Statutes of the Notaries of Biella.
XVII. The Collection of the Statutes of the Notaries of
Biella.
XVIII. Record VII: The Book of the Statutes of all of the
Magistrates of the Commune of Biella.
XIX. The Statutes of the Iron Workers.
XX. The Statutes of the Candle-makers.
XXI. The Statutes of the Tailors.
XXII. The Statutes of the Weavers.
XXIII. The Statutes of the Drapers.
XXIV. The Statutes of the Mace-Bearers.
XXV. The Statutes of the Butchers.
XXVI. The Collection of the Statutes of the Iron Workers.
XXVII. The Collection of the Statutes of the Candle-makers.
XXVIII. The Collection of the Statutes of the Tailors.
XXIX. The Collection of the Statutes of the Weavers.
XXX. The Collection of the Statutes of the Drapers.
XXXI. The Collection of the Statutes of the Mace-Bearers.
XXXII. The Collection of the Statutes of the Butchers.
PR
EFACE
In the last twenty years of his life's work and in the
little time which he had free from the work of Parliament,
Quintinus Sella turned his attention to the history of his
hometown, Biella. Conscious of how much exacting and
thorough labor would be necessary in an orderly and copious
archive, he not only immediately gave himself over to the
task of reorganizing the Archive of Biella, which had been
long uncared for and reduced because it was, in short, a
pile of badly annotated parchment, but, by going through
every one of the villages of the surrounding area with
caution and diligence, he also succeeded in causing them to
give the long important documents to the Commune. At the
completion of this first task, he had the good fortune and
the job of bringing back to Biella the ancient statutes of
the Commune. In the first half of the thirteenth century,
these statutes had been given in a communication to the
commune of the Abbot Augusto Avogado. The heirs, ignorant
of the statutes' provenance, gave them to the Library of the
Duke of Genoa in Torino, where they remained in the bottom
of a wardrobe from 1250 or 1251 until 1867. They were then
discovered by the Caviliere Pietro Vayra when he edited the
catalogue. Quintinus Sella in 1874 demanded that they be
restored to the Commune of Biella. The Duke of Genoa,
informed of the provenance, consented. On that occasion,
Sella, in power for a period of eight years, brought back to
Biella various documents of the Archive of State of Torino
through the medium of the Committee of the Storia Patria.
And the Archive of Biella considered itself more or less
complete; only the statutes of Masserano and some documents
of the fifteenth century which remained in the archive of
that commune were lacking, but it was hoped that these
documents would quickly come to be deposited in the Archive
of Biella. They remained lost property or, as it were, in
the archives of some Biellanese families: The Ferrero
Fieschi, the Gromis, the Dal Pozzo, the Vialardi, the Mossi,
the Bulgaro, and a few others who, however, had (in their
possession), because of an oversight which was made in
various ways, as it were, documents totally of familial
interest.
With the documents reunited, he began the difficult
labor of reorganizing all of the thousands of documents:
this was accomplished by Sella with the precious help of
Vayra. The archive, situated in the Professional School of
Biella, now consists of some 220 collection boxes in the
form of volumes of sheets containing the documents each in a
suitable envelope: one accurate card index completed the
beautiful work. The documents extend to 1600, that is, to
the beginning of the decline of the Commune of Biella. The
other many documents that are prior to 1600, with which
Sella was not yet occupied, now came to be reorganized by
the diligent Professor Roccavella. It was he who quickly at
last saw the archive completed as far as the more recent
era. It was not he who made the history of the archive of
Biella, which was not more interesting, but in complete
similarity to that of another archive: the disorderly, the
hidden, the lost pages of the document ending at a more
remote era (this fact was attested to by numerous documents
compressed in four portfolios in the archive) belongs to
communes of many other regions. They only observed that
"none of the ancient piedmontese cities appeared to be
considerable number of the codici and documentary statutes
....the documents of the first period that encompass the
years 882-1379 add up to more than 800." But, it was with
great pleasure that I, a Biellesean, can quote to this point
the opinion of a Frenchman on the archive of Biella. And,
Lamiere, in one of his recent writings, states, "The
marvelous sources preserved in the communal archives of
Biella are relevant to one entity, the Ancient Law," an idea
reaffirmed by the long drawn out course of the labor.
Alas, I do not know with precision the limits of the
work which Quintinus Sella intended to complete for Biella;
but, I certainly believe, given his love for the complete
project, that he had wished to write a complete history of
Biella and the Biellanese from each point of view.
Meanwhile, as at the beginning of a greater work, he had
begun to concern himself with the Statutes of Biella and,
with the assistance of Vayra, he had not yet begun the copy
or the publication. However, since the Codex Astensis, as
it was known, which had been carried from Vienna to Asti,
had come into his hands in 1876, and, as it had occurred a
little while earlier, the Statuta Comunis had been carried
from Biella to Torino, he suspended the study of the one
project to give himself over to that of another fine codex.
He was already well advanced with the not insignificant work
when the end of his life came. The Codex Astensis saw the
light, after the vote of the Accademia dei Lincei, with the
assistance of Sella's initials and thanks to the care of
Vayra. The statutes of Biella remained for many years in
ten published sheets; it was nonetheless in these sheet that
they had Sella's legacy. I, both because of the duty of
blood and because of a grand veneration, had the obligation
of its complete publication. Still, not being able to
arrive at the perfection to which the mind of Quintinus
Sella might have led me, I believe that it is useful to my
labor that I will be able to complete the work myself; in
any event
"We will
examine the long study and the grand love."
....
The Statutory documents of the Commune of Biella are:
Mon. I: Statuta Comunis Bugelle (1245) et collegii
drapariorum Bugelle et Vernati (1438).
[The Statutes of the Commune of Biella (1245) and
of the College of the Drapers of Biella and
Vernati (1348).]
Mon. II: Statutorum Comunis Bugelle seculi XIV fragmentum.
[The Fragments of the Statutes of the Commune of
Biella of the XIV century.]
Mon. III. A. Liber sacramentorum consulum et officialum
comunis (without a date).
A. The Book of the Sacred Ordinances of the
Consuls and Officials of the Commune.
B. De potestate. (without a date).
B. Concerning the Podesta.
C. Statuta de dotibus. (1454-1455)
C. The Statutes concerning Dowries.
D. Privilegia, Immunitates, Honorancie, Libertates
et Consuetudines Comunis Bugella. (without a
date)
[The Privileges, Immunities, Honors, Liberties,
and Common Law of the Commune of Biella]
Mon. IV: Statuta super sindicatione potestatis Bugelle
eiusve familie. (without a date)
[The Statutes concerning the Sindication of the
Podesta of Biella and his Household.]
Mon. V: Statuta maleficorum Comunis Bugelle (without a
date).
[The Statutes of the Wrongdoers of the Commune of
Biella.]
Mon. VI: Statuta notariorum Bugelle. (1429)
[The Statutes of the Notaries of Biella.]
Mon. VII: Liber statutorum et ordinamentorum omnium
magistrariarum Comunis Bugelle:
[The Book of the Statutes and Ordinances of all of
the Magistrates of the Commune of Biella.]
A. Statuta ferrariorum (1275)
[Statutes of the Iron-workers].
B. Statuta calegariorum (1291)
[Statutes of the Candle-makers].
C. Statuta sartorum. (1296)
[Statutes of the Tailors]
D. Statuta textorum. (1310)
[Statutes of the Weavers]
E. Statuta drapariorum. (1348)
[Statutes of the Drapers]
F. Statuta massariorum. (1385)
[Statutes of the Mace-bearers]
G. Statuta beccariorum. (?)
[Statutes of the Butchers]
The statutes of the magistrates and the statutes of the
mace-bearers was not included; the copy of the document had
come to an end. The printing was added to the statutes of
the notaries. From this memorial, the documents related
somehow to the proceeding statutes did follow in the
following order:
Mon. I: Documenta adiecta monumentis I, II, III, IV, V.
Mon. II: Documenta adiecta monumento VI.
Mon. III: Documenta adiecta monumento VII.
Mon. IV: Documenta adiecta monumento VIII B.
Mon. V: Documenta adiecta monumento VII E.
Mon. VI: Documenta adiecta monumento VII G.
At the part relative to my commune, I am stopping in
the year 1600 which, approximately signals the end of the
commune, but also its complete absorption by the party of
Casa Savoia; besides, through the skills by which I can
discover documents, I have come to the point at which I am
on the footsteps of a colleague.
A PALEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE STATUTES
The codex of the ancient statutes which remains for us,
although it may be included with the Statutes of 1245, is not
of the same date, but, as it so often happens, one copy of a
much later date was included together with the statutes of
1245; other subsequent statutes may be under the form of
interlinear or marginal additions. Therefore, it will be
necessary to proceed to a paleographic survey to seek to
determine the age of the codex and the relative age of the
various additions.
Our present codex is under the form of a beautiful volume
of 89 membranaceous sheets of 23X34 cm, relegated by the
diligence of Quintinus Sella between two little boards of
wood, as it was formerly in ancient times.
One first glance at it some time ago made note of the
fact that the characters that form the basis for the codex are
of the same hand of the beginning of the fourteenth century,
neat, written in a beautiful black ink, with diligence, and
with the initial miniature letters in red. These characters
form the greater part of almost all of the rubrics of the
codex (I saw in the text of the statutes a note relative to
the various additions and in the present state of the
articles); at its glance, the articles written by the various
other hands with more or less diligence are without the
miniature initial (letters) and are certainly subsequent to
the aforesaid characters. Among the various characters of the
subsequent additions, connections can not be discovered with
certainty, but I have allowed myself to recognize the age or
at least the succession of some of them. First, to look for
the age of the principal character (book hand), n. 1., as I
call it, I will examine a single rubric, from which springs
the solution to the problem.
Rubric I occupies sheets 1-6 and sheets 8 and 9 (which
are on the back and on the black side of the sheet); sheet 7
occupies part of Rubric II, an error derived from a mistaken
sewing, a kind of ab antico, of the sheets. The sheets from
1-30 are all of hand n. 1. and of the year of the aforesaid
characters; those from 31-37 are of various subsequent hands;
from sheets 37-44, the hand appears to be one only and was
probably drawn to the addition intact without subsequent
modification. It is apparent to me that it is one of the last
additions made in the first code to proceed to the editing of
the editing of the other codex that remains here with the
title, Statutum Comunis Bugelle seculi XIV fragmentum and of
which I will speak a little later.
Rubric II occupies sheets 7, 10 and 11 (sheet 11 is on
the back and the blank side). All of the articles of this
rubric are of the hand n. 1; the last (sheet) is excluded (a.
59), which is subsequent, of another hand, without the
miniature initial letter.
Rubric III occupies sheets 12 and 13. Articles 60-65 are
of hand n. 1.; the others, 66-70, are of a different and later
hand, without the miniature initial (letters).
Rubric IIII occupies sheets 14, 15, and 16. Articles 71-
80 are of hand n. 1.; also, although there are no initial
miniature (letters), it appears that article 74 is an
additional statement at the bottom of sheet 14 and that one
can, with every probability, consider it contemporaneous with
the book hand n. 1. Article 81, added at the bottom of sheet
15, without the miniature initial letters, is certainly a
remarkable subsequent addition to another article. Articles
82-88 are of the hand n. 1. 89-93 are later, the work of
various hands. Articles 92 and 93 are therefore of the same
characters and they are therefore considered contemporaneous.
Rubric V occupies sheets 17 and 18 (the back of sheet 18
is blank). Articles 94-100 are in the same hand n. 1.; 102
and 103 are of a different subsequent hand.
Rubric VI occupies sheets 19, 20, 21, and 22 (the back of
sheet 22 is blank). Articles 104-111 are of hand n. 1.;
Article 112 is of different characters, although they do have
miniature initials and they are in the middle of the page; it
is a difficult decision. It is perhaps the one addition in
the edition that the empty space, if I am permitted, was
filled in with a compressed hand and is considered
contemporaneous. Articles 113-120 are of the new hand n. 1.
Article 121 is of another hand. 122, 123, and 124
respectively are of a uniform hand and therefore are
respectively contemporaneous; of 121, it is clear that it is
the characters of the addition.
Rubric VII occupies sheets 23, 24, and 25 (Sheet 31 is on the
blank side). Articles 144-165 are in hand n.1.; Article 138
was added to the bottom of the back of sheet 24, and the
initial letters are not miniatures, but they are certainly in
another hand. Article 143, however, is a subsequent addition
of a variant hand.
Rubric VIII occupies sheets 27-30 (Sheet 31 is on the
blank side). Articles 144-165 are in hand n.1.; it is this
article that comes to supply us with a first date, truthfully
anchored with much inaccuracy, through the determination of
the age of hand n.1. The fact is that Article 144 at the end,
as a linear addition, says: "MCCCXXXV pendet"; consequently
the article is prior to 1335. The first result perhaps can be
surmised on the sole criteria of calligraphy, but it is not
entirely useless that the first argument is not likewise
precise. We will have a better determination (of the date)
later. Articles 166-169 are a later addition of a variant
hand.
Rubric IX occupies sheets 32 and 33 (The back of Sheet 33
is on the blank side). Article 170-173 is of hand n.1.
Article 174 is of another hand, without the miniature initial
letter and is a later addition.
Rubric X occupies sheets 34 and 35 (The back of Sheet 35
is on the blank side). Articles 175 and 178 are of hand n.1.;
the remaining articles, 179-181, are of a variant and
subsequent hand.
Rubric XI occupies sheets 36, 37, and 38 (The back of
Sheet 38 is on the blank side). Articles 182-191 are in hand
n.1.; articles 192-195 are a subsequent addition of a variant
hand; on the other hand, articles 192 and 193 bear
respectively the dates of 1317 and 1318; consequently, the
character n. 1. is certainly prior to that date and, perhaps
even more given my inclination to say that they are the same,
the difference between the writing of n.1. and this hand is
not very great.
Rubric XII occupies sheets 39-42. Articles 196-210 are
in hand n.1.; the other articles, 211-223 are of a variant and
later hand; articles 221-222 are of the same hand, appearing
a second time.
Rubric XIII occupies sheets 43-44. Articles 224-229 are
of hand n.1.; the other articles, 230-238, are all later
additions of a variant hand.
Rubric XIIII occupies sheets 45-51. Articles 239-266 are
of hand n.1.; Articles 266-270 are of a variant hand. Article
260 has the written (phrase): MCCCXXII dispensatum est per
credenciam usque ad voluntatem ipsius credentie; thus, it is
confirmed that hand n.1. is prior to 1322. Surely, it is
certain, given the knoiwledge supplied in Rubric XI. Article
261 is later: "MCCCXXVIIII positum est super hoc statuto
vacat"; so that it is given that it was old prior to 1329.
Article 270 is the last rubric and has the following text:
"anno currente MCCCXIII"; therefore, it is with certainty that
the addition of this rubric was placed first in 1323.
Rubric XV occupies sheets 52-54 (the back of sheet 54 is
blank). Articles 271-283 are of hand n.1; articles 184 and
285 are of a variant hand and added later.
Rubric XVI occupies sheet 56 (the back if sheet 56 is
blank). All of the rubrics are of the same hand n.1. without
additional articles, but with various interlinear additions.
Rubric XVII occupies sheets 57-59 (the back of sheet 59
is blank). All of the Articles of this rubric, the last
exception, are of the same hand n.1.
Rubric XVIII occupies sheet 60 (Sheet 61 is blank).
Articles 308-311 are of hand n.1.; the others, 312-314, are of
a variant hand and a later addition.
Rubric XIX occupies sheets 62-64 (the back of sheet 64 is
blank), and articles 315-325 are of hand n.1. "MCCCXII iNDIC.
X" is written in red above Article 225. Then, this article is
of 1312 and, therefore, the character n.1. is of 1312.
Therefore, after the approximation of the real age, we can
with certainty conclude that the codex which we have is of
1312 and that the additions are later than that year. Cesare
Poma (Gli Statuti del Comune di Biella del 1245, Biella,
Amosso, 1885) arrived at this same conclusion based purely on
the character of the minatures of the initial (letter) and
considered the articles which have the initial miniature
(letter) to be contemporaneous. A conclusion which seems to
me to be embellished, but he fully justified himself, if he
would have resorted to the later certain criterion of the
identity of the character. Articles 326-328 are later
additions of a variant kind; article 328 is of a later hand of
1331, in the year of the construction of the Roggia del Piano.
Rubric XX occupies sheet 65 (The following sheet 66 is
blank). Articles 329-332 are of hand n.1. Articles 333 and
334 are later additions of a different era.
Rubric XXI, which occupies sheet 67 (The following sheet
68 is blank) are all of hand n.1, with the exception of
Article 341, which is a later addition.
Rubric XXII occupies sheets 69-76. Articles 342-364 are
all of hand n.1; Articles 315, 366, 367 are dated in 1314,
1317, and 1318 and are of a variant hand. The other articles,
368-385, are later additions, written with little order and
are all later than 1318. Articles 373 and 374 then, which
were drawn from the struggle of Biella with Salussola which
lasted from 1334 to 1343, are placed in those years.
Rubric XXIII are very probably an addition, since they
neither remain as written in hand n.1 nor do they have the
miniature initial letters. The inventory following in sheets
77-87 with titles, numbers, and initial miniature (letters) in
red. On the back of sheet 87 and on the back of sheet 88 is
written the Statute of the Drapers of 1348; the characters of
that era. The codex concludes at sheet 89 which is blank.
But now we sum up the results provided in the detailed
examination of the codex. Secondly, the date, the year 1245,
in which the statutes were compiled for the first time, is
probably in 1245. In 1312, the codex proceeded to a new
edition, including the reformations made from 1245 to 1312;
this edition is the one which remains, augmented by the later
additions made until 1343 or thereabouts. I note then a fact
of great importance, namely that the statute of the Commune is
followed by the Statutes of the Drapers, a clear demonstration
of the predominance that already then the Gild of the
woolworkers in Biella had assumed. Thus, it was believed
fitting that the statute was united to that of the Commune.
We now pass onto the examination of the second Memorial
entitled, "Statutorum Comunis Bugelle seculi XIV fragmentum."
The memorial appears to be of one paper booklet of 46 sheets
of 23X31 cm.
Also, in the codex as in some of the ancient statutes
themselves, there is one predominate hand that is one of the
second half of the XIV century with much added on and marginal
and linear additions. However, I believe that the (codex)
should be considered later with the addition of the codex of
the ancient statutes of which the more later date was of 1334-
1343 (a. 373-374). In as much as with another memorial of
statutes, the concern with one minute paleographic search is
nearly worthless; therefore, I am limiting myself to giving
one simple description.
Memorial III entitled, "Liber sacramentorum consulum et
officialum comunis Bugelle," and "De Potestate" consists of 37
parchment sheets of 33X23 cm., written in a type of hand of
the first half of 1400.
Memorial IV, "Statuta super sindicatione Potestatis
Bugelle eiusve familie," consists of 4 paper sheets, greatly
battered by the dampness, 25X15 cm., written by a hand of the
first half of the 1400s.
Memorial V, "Statuta Maleficiorum Bugelle," is a single
parchment codex of 46 sheets, 31.5X20 cm., of the character of
the first half of the XIV century.
Memorial VI, "Statuta Notariorum Bugelle," consists of 55
parchment sheets of 25X18 cm.; the entry point of the 1429
date is probable and is the original copy.
Memorial VII, "Liber Statutorum et Ordinamentorum omnium
magistrariarum Comunis Bugelle," consists of 75 paper sheets,
30X23 cm., with many blank pages. The is one copy from the
first half of 1400. The statute of the butchers itself is not
included, because it is not detached from it, but that it is
nevertheless detached from the characteristics of the codex.
In as much as "Documenta adiecta" is contained in Volume
II, nothing there is worthy of note; some small observations
should come forth on a case by case basis from the text of the
notes.
Thus, having completed the first passage of the cherished
work of Quintinus Sella, I will come to the completion of the
work with a full historical-legal study, to which I will
continue to pay attention. In this study, I will relate the
present statute to the statutory legislation in general and
specifically to the piedmontese [statutory legislation], by
dealing in a far more complete manner with that which will be
given to me, that is, the questions that will spring forth.
Then, I will be able to speak of the worth of the completed
work that, after so much time has by now passed by, Quintinus
Sella has thus clearly conceived of and undertaken.
Rome October, 1904. Pietro Sella
translations
of
THE chapters
of
the statutes of biella of 1245-1348
I.
STATUTA COMUNIS BUGELLE [MCCXLV] ET COLLEGII DRAPARIORUM
BUGELLE ET VERNATI [MCCCXLVIII] -- Cod. Membr.
In nomine Domini nostri Yhesu Christi amen.
Anno Dominice Nativitatis Milleximo Ducenteximo quadrageximo
quinto. Inditione quarta.
Hec sunt statuta et ordinamenta Communis Bugelle facta ad
honorem dei et Gloriose virginis Marie. et beatorum Eusebij et
Stephani. Jacobi et omnium sanctorum pariter ac sanctarum dei. et
venerabilis in Christo patris domini Episcopi Vercelensis. et
Comunis ac vniuersitatis Bugelle. et ad ipsius Communis bonum
statum pacificum et quietum. que statuta homines habitentes in
Bugella debent firmiter obseruare. et que statuta posita sunt sub
rubricis et signatis.
THE STATUTES OF THE COMMUNE OF BIELLA [1245] AND THE COLLEGE
OF THE DRAPERS OF BIELLA AND VERNATUM [1348]
In the Name of Our Lord Yhesus Christus. Amen.
In the Year of the Nativity, Twelve Hundred Forty Five. During the
Fourth Indiction.
These are the Statutes and the Ordinances of the Commune of
Biella made for the honor of God, the Glorious Virgin Mary, Blessed
Eusebius, Stephen, James, and all of the Saints of God equally, and
[for the honor] of our venerable Father in Christ, the Lord Bishop
Vercelns, the Commune and University of Biella, and for the good,
peaceful, and quiet state of the Commune. The men living in
Biella
should firmly observe these statutes. And these statutes are
organized under distinct rubrics and designations.
_______________
DE CUMSULIBUS -R. I.
1. [I.] In primis statutum et ordinatum est quod anno usque ad
festum sanctorum Symonis et Jude eligantur quatuor Consules quorum
unus sit clavarius Comunis ad voluntatem Credentiariorum vel
maioris partis ipsorum sive specialiter ad hoc electorum. qui
Jurent in plena Credentia super statutis. et sicut in infrascripto
sacramentali per omnia plenius continentur. Quod sacramentale sic
dicit. Vos Jurabitis ad sancta dei evangelia, quod ab isto festo
sancti Martini proximo usque ad unum annum completum pro vestro
posse saluabitis et custodietis et manutenebitis (ecclesiam sancti
Eusebij Vercellensis et ipsius Episcopum et) omnes rationes et jura
et honorentias (ipsius conseruabitis) et regetis, et custodietis
omnes homines, et Commune Bugelle tam Masculos quam maiores et
minores, et omnes res rationes et jura et bonas consuetudines
ipsorum quam melius et utilius poteritis. Omnes officiales quos
eligetis ponetis quam meliores et utiliores poteritis quemlibet in
suo offitio ad bonum et utilitatem predicti Comunis. Omnia banna
vobis accusata juste capietis et rationabiliter illa cum conscilio
aliquorum sapientorum de Credentia Judicabitis predicto Comuni et
cuilibet persone suam iusticiam conseruantes. Omnia banna, fodra,
ficta, datia, et collectas ipsius Communis colligetis et excucietis
et Clauigerio consignabitis, illo Clauigerio habente omnia scripta
et Vos similiter habeatis Omnia illa que recipietis consignabitis,
et Jnde bonam rationem de tribus in tribus menssibus ad opus et
utilitatem Comunis facietis nisi de uoluntate credentie remanserit.
et offitium vestri Consulatus exercebitis et facietis. et secundum
voluntatem Credentiatiorum uel maioris partis et ad eorum preceptum
uos regetis.
Et hec omnia et singula attendetis et obseruabitis bona fine
si deus uos adiuuet et sancta dei euangelia.
CONCERNING THE CONSULS
Among the first things, it is decreed and ordained that, every
year on the feast of the Saints Simon and Jude, four consuls be
chosen, the first of whom should be the Clavarius (Mace-Bearer} of
the Commune at the will of the members of the Credentia, or a major
portion thereof, or [a portion thereof] specially selected for this
purpose. These men will swear in the full Credentia on the
statutes, as it is more fully contained in all respects in the
sworn oath written herein. The sworn oath says thus, "We will
swear on the Holy Gospel of God that, from the feast of St Martin
next until the completion of one year, you, to the extent possible,
will protect, guard, and maintain (the Church of St. Eusebius
Vercellens and its Bishop) and all of its principles, rights, and
honors and you will preserve, rule, and guard all of the men of the
Commune of Biella, vigorous adults as well as old men and minors,
and all of their property, principles, rights, and good customs as
well and usefully as you can. You should appoint as officials all
of those men whom you have chosen as the best and most effective
that you can find--each of whom you have placed in his office for
the good and utility of the aforesaid Commune. You will capture
all banned persons accused by you justly and rationally with the
counsel of the Credentia. You will pass judgement on the aforesaid
Commune and any person preserving the Justice of the Commune. You
will collect and compel (the payment of) all fines, fees, dowries,
and property collected for the Commune and you will hand them over
to the Treasurer (of the Commune); and, you will also hand over all
of the written records to the Treasurer, who keeps them, and you
will in a similar fashion keep all of those which you receive; and
then you will render a good accounting of your three months in the
third month for the service and utility of the Commune, unless it
should be held over at the wish of the Credentia. And, you will
exercise and perform the office of your Consulate. And, you will
rule according to the will of the members of the Credentia or a
major portion thereof and at their command.
And, you will attend to and observe each and every one of
these matters to a good end, if God and the Holy Gospels of God may
aid you."
2. [II] VT CONSULES FATIANT IUSTITIAM ET CAPIANT IUDICATURIS
Item statutum est quod Consules possint et debeant facere
iusticiam et rationem de quolibet homine de Bugella et habitanti in
Bugella et cuilibet qui eam pecierit sub eis. et non capere
Judicaturam de causis confessatis, set de negatis et contestatis
capient a qualibet parte ad rationem denariorum duodecim pro libra.
Et omnes sententie et condempnationes quas tulerint et dederint de
iure attendentur et res quas dabunt uel dari fecerint aut iusserint
in pagamento firmiter ex parte comunis manuteneantur ei cui date
fuerint de Jure. Et qui in aliquo contrafecerit soluat bannum pro
quolibet et qualibet vice solidorum X pp.
2. [II] THAT THE CONSULS SHOULD ACKNOWLEDGE JUSTICE AND
ENFORCE VERDICTS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls can and
should render justice and a fair reckoning in respect to each man
of Biella, each person residing in Biella, and any one who seeks
justice from them and they are not to administer justice in respect
to cases which have been confessed to, but in respect to cases
which are contested or denied. They should receive from each party
twelve denarii per pound as a reckoning. And, all sentences and
condemnations which are carried out or given should be attended to
according to the law and the properties which they will grant or
cause to be granted or awarded in a judgement as satisfaction
should be steadily maintained by the commune for the person to whom
they had been granted under the law. And, he, who in any way
violates [this bann], should pay a fine of ten solidi pp. for each
and every offence.
3. [III] QUOD PRECEPTA CONSULUM ATTENDANTUR.
Item statutum est quod omnia precepta et banna inposita per
consules comunis uel eorum nuncios iuste et rationabiliter facta
firmiter obseruentur.
3. [III] THAT THE COMMANDS OF THE CONSULS SHOULD BE HEEDED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that all of the precepts
and banns which have been imposed by the Consuls of the Commune or
their envoys and which have been justly and rationally made should
be strongly observed.
4. [IIII] SALARIUM CONSULUM NOTARIJ ET QUID NOTARIUS FACERE
TENEATUR.
Item statutum est quod quisque consul habeat pro suo salario
libras X pp. et clauarius libras XII pp. et Nottarius libras tres
pp. et non plus. et pro illo salario debeat nottarius facere omnes
scripturas comunis preter cartas testatas et litteras mandatas. et
stare continue cum clauario ad exigendum banna et ad faciendum alia
negocia comunis. nisi haberent licenciam a dicto clauario. et hoc
teneantur facere per eorum sacramentum.
4. [IIII] THE SALARY OF THE NOTARY OF THE CONSULS AND WHAT A
NOTARY CAN BE OBLIGED TO DO.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any consul should
have ten pounds pp. for his salary, the treasurer twelve pounds
pp., the notary three pounds pp. and no more. And, for his salary,
the notary should have all of the commune's written work with the
exception of sworn charters and mandated letters and he is to
remind the treasurer to demand [the payment] of fines and to
conduct the other business of the commune, unless he has a
dispensation from the aforesaid treasurer. And, the notaries are
obliged to do this on their sworn oath.
5. [V] QUIBUS TENEATUR CONSUL FACERE PRANDIUM QUANDO ET PENA
NON FATIENTIS.
Item statutum est quod quilibet qui eligetur in consulatu de
nouo teneatur facere vnum bonum prandium secundum quod consuetum
est aliis consulibus ueteribus et nouis et Gastaldis. et
seruitoribus et nottariis et electoribus ipsorum consulum usque ad
festum sancte Marie candelarie. et si non fecerit amitat totum suum
salarium. et 222vltra hoc quod sub pena et banno solidorum LX pp.
et solidorum XX pp. pro qualibet edomada qua steterit ultra
terminum quod non fecerit dictum prandium. de quo prandio et banno
nulla possit fieri gratia. nec poni In credentia permitatur.
5. [V] TO WHOM THE CONSUL IS OBLIGATED TO PROVIDE LUNCH AT
SOME TIME AND THE PENALTY FOR HE WHO DOES NOT
ACKNOWLEDGE THIS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone, who is
chosen for the Consulate, is henceforth obliged to provide one good
lunch according to that which is customary for the other old and
new Consuls, provosts, servants, notaries and electors of the
consuls until the Feast of St. Mary of the Candlemakers. And, if
he does not do this, he loses all of his salary and, more than
this, [it is understood] that he is under a penalty and a fine of
sixty solidi pp. and twenty solidi pp. for each week that remains
beyond the limit during which he has not provided the aforesaid
lunch. Concerning that lunch and that fine, there can be no pardon
and he is not allowed to be seated in the Credentia.
6. [VI] INFRA QUOD TEMPUS SINT BANNA EXIGENDA ET FIAT
DEFFENSIO.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur ex sacramento
excutere siue acordari facere ydonee omnia banna eis accusata
infra. XV. dies postquam accusara uel denuntiata fuerint. Et si ea
habere non potuerint faciendo eorum posse teneantur dare bannum
accusato uel denuntiato infra illum terminum. XV. dierum. Et
denuntiant cuilibet accusato uel denuntiato ut faciant deffensionem
infra menssem.
6. [VI] WITHIN WHAT TIME A PENALTY MUST BE EXACTED AND A
DEFENCE UNDERTAKEN.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls are
obliged on their sworn oath to demand [the payment of] all suitable
fines that have been directed to them or to see to it that they are
negotiated within fifteen days after they have been imposed and
reported. And, if they can not take possession of those fines
while exercising their power, they are obliged to give the fine to
the accused or denounced person within that limit of fifteen days.
And they should report to each accused person that they should make
a defence within the month.
7. [VII] CONSULES UETERES DARE DEBEANT BANNITOS NOUIS INFRA
NATIUITATEM.
Item statutum est quod consules noui debeant omnes bannitos
per consules veteres tenere in banno. donec acordauerint se cum
ipsis consulibus. et facere preconizari quod ipsi sint in banno per
ipsos sicut erant per veteres et quod consules veteres teneantur
dare bannitos consulibus nouis infra natiuitatem domini post
sanctum Martinum.
7. [VII] THE OLD CONSULES SHOULD HAND OVER THE FINES TO THE
NEW CONSULS WITHIN CHRISTMASTIDE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the new consuls
should keep all of those men banned by the old consuls under the
bann until they have consulted with those consuls and to see to it
that those person remain under bann by their authority as they had
been by the authority of the previous consuls and that the previous
consuls are obliged to hand over the persons under bann to the new
consuls by the Nativity of the Lord after the Feast of St. Martin.
8. [VIII] STATUTA LEGI DEBENT OMNI ANNO INFRA NATIUITATEM ET
INDE TRADI PUBLICUM INSTRUMENTUM.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur facere legi statuta
comunis omni anno in plena contione ante natiuitatem domini. Et
facta publicatione predicta teneantur ipsi consules ex officio suo
precipere et facere tradi et scribi publicum Instrumentum per
notarium comunis de publicatione dictorum statutorum comunis facta
in plena contione quod Instrumentum dictus notarius facere teneatur
suis sumptibus.
8. [VIII] THE STATUTES SHOULD BE READ WITHIN CHRISTMASTIDE
EVERY YEAR AND LATER SHOULD BE HANDLED AS A PUBLIC
INSTRUMENT.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls are
obliged to see to it that the statutes of the Commune are read each
year in the full assembly before the Nativity of the Lord. And,
after the aforesaid proclamation has been made, the consuls, as
their duty, are obliged to give orders and see to it that the
public instrument concerning the publication of the aforesaid
statutes which has been made in the full assembly be written and
handed over by the notary of the commune. [It is understood] that
the aforesaid notary is obliged to produce the instrument from his
own resources.
9. [VIIII] HABERE PROUENTUS COMUNIS PER EXEMPLUM ET EXCUTERE
OMNIA CONSULES SUNT ASTRICTI.
Item statutum est quod consules et clauarius teneantur ex
sacramento excutere omnia banna. ficta et collectas comunis. et
illa dent et consignant ipsi clauario. qui clauarius et consules
teneantur et faciant illa poni et redduci in scriptis. et consules
habeant omnia illa similiter exemplata nisi remansserit de
uoluntate credencie. et debeant ex eis facere et reddere bonam
rationem comuni. Et si aliquid defuerit de hoc quod receperint
teneantur integre restituere predicto comuni.
9. [VIIII] ALL OF THE CONSULS ARE REQUIRED TO HAVE CHARGE OF
THE INCOME OF THE COMMUNE AND TO EXECUTE ALL OF
ITS BUSINESS.
In the same way,it has been decreed that the consuls are
obliged on their sworn oath to enforce all of the fines, feudal
dues, and collections of the commune. And, they are to give and
consign those monies to the treasurer. This treasurer and the
consuls are obliged to and should see to it that those monies are
placed [in the treasury] and reduced to written form. And, in a
similar fashion, the consuls should take possession of all other
similar examples, unless they should remain elsewhere at the wish
of the commune. And, they should make and render a good accounting
of these funds to the commune. And, ,if anyone should lack any
[portion] of the [amount] which they have received, they are
obliged to restore [the loss] to the aforesaid commune in its
entirety.
10. [X] LABORATORIBUS FORENSIBUS DEBET FIERI SOLUTIO PRIMA
DIE. TERRIGENIS INFRA OCTO CUM EXPENSIS PER IPSOS
DECLARATIS.
Item statutum est quod consules faciant solui laboratoribus an
eis iusticiam petentibus de omnibus laboribus quos fecereint alicui
homini de bugella. si laborator fuerit de bugella infra. VIII.
dies. et si fuerit extraneus qui uelit recedere. infra secundum
diem. Et qui non soluerit ad terminum sibi statutum per consules
uel per eorum nuntium soluat bannum solidorum. II. pp. et postea
soluat sibi. Et restituentur dampnum et expensse laboratori
forenssi per eum qui non soluerit ei postquam fuerit ei preceptum
et postquam fuerit citatus. Expenssas declarendas per dictos
laboratores.
10. [X] FOREIGN WORKERS SHOULD BE PAID ON THE FIRST DAY.
NATIVE-BORN WORKERS SHOULD BE PAID BY THE EIGHTH DAY TOGETHER
WITH THE EXPENSES WHICH THEY HAVE DECLARED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls should
see to it that justice [the court costs?] is paid for by those
workmen seeking payment or redress for all of the labors which they
have performed for any man of Biella, if the workman has been in
Biella within eight days and, if he is a foreigner who wishes to
withdraw within the second day. And, he, who does not pay at the
limit decreed by the consuls for him or by their designees, should
pay a fine of two solidi pp. afterwards pay him. And, the loss and
expenses are repaid to the foreign workman by the person who did
not pay him before he had been ordered to and after he had been
summoned. The expenses must be declared by the aforesaid workmen.
11. [XI] OMNES MENSURE SIGNARI ET INQUIRI DEBENT INFRA
NATIUITATEM.
Item statutum est quod consules requirant ante festum
natiuitatis domini omnes sestarios, minas. quartaronos. quartinos.
medios quartinos. et quartum quartini salis. ceberos menssuratores.
Rasos. stateras. cupos molendinariorum et omnes alias menssuras
aliarum rerum que consuete sunt signari. Et illas faciant
tationari et coequari rationabiliter signo comunis. Perticam ad
manssurandum terras et quod menssurator terre teneatur omni anno in
sequela Jurare quod unicuique cui menssurabit dabit suam rationem.
11. [XI] ALL MEASURES SHOULD BE INVESTIGATED AND SEALED
WITHIN CHRISTMASTIDE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls, before
the Feast of the Nativity of the Lord, require that all sestarii,
minae, quartarona, quartini, medii quartini, quartum quartini
salis, ceberi (eagle) measures, razed measures of grain, staterae,
cupi molendinariorum, and all other measures of other things which
are customarily sealed. And, they should see to it that those
measures are reconciled and equalized with the seal of the commune.
They should also see to it that the pertica (is used to) measure
the lands and [it is understood] that the land surveyor is obliged
each year in sequence to swear that he will give his attention to
whatever he will measure.
12. [XII] PENA USURARIORUM QUI DENEGANT COMMUNI PECUNIAS
MUTUARE.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur compellere omnes
prestatores qui prestant in bugella et eius poderio ut debeant
mutuare consulibus nomine comunis quocienscumque fuerint requisiti.
quod si facere recusarent. teeantur excutere omnia banna eis
inposita predicta de causa. quibus solutis nichilominus prestare
teneantur. nisi haberent iusta deffensionem. Et consules teneantur
dare dictis prestatoribus denarios. IIII. pp. pro libra.
12. [XII] THE PENALTY FOR MONEY CHANGERS WHO REFUSE TO
CHANGE THE MONIES OF THE COMMUNE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls are
obliged to assemble all of the lenders who lend (money) in Biella
and its district so that they may lend to the consuls in the name
of the commune however often they might require [money]. [It is
understood] that if they should refuse to comply, the consuls are
obliged to execute all banns inposed on them for the aforesaid
reason. From those payments, they are obliged to borrow nothing
whatsoever, unless they have a just defence. And, the consuls are
obliged to give the aforesaid lenders four denarii pp. per pound.
13. [XIII] QUAE COMUNITAS NEMORA INFRA KALENDAS MARCIJ
DEBEAT DISBENDARE.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur et debeant
disbandire illud comune quod placuerit credencie a kalendis
februarij usque ad kalendas marcij.
13. [XIII] WHICH COMMUNITIES SHOULD HARVEST THEIR WOODS
WITHIN THE KALENDS OF MARCH.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls are
obliged to and should remove from the bann that commune which has
pleased the commune from the Kalends of February to the Kalends of
March.
14. [XIIII] FORMA ELIGENDI DETERMINATORES ET TEMPUS AC QUID
FACERE TENEANTUR.
Item statutum est quod consules debeant eligere XII homines de
melioribus et sapientioribus de credencia bugelle qui Jurent omni
anno in credencia ad sancta dei euangelia meliorare. ampliare et
desterminare vias et suprapresias. Et consules habeant unum
quarterium de terra uel duos si opportuerit ad splanandum et
disclaudendum et actandum secundum quod determinabitur. Et hoc
teneantur consules facere et fiere facere usque ad kalendas maii.
Et si aliquid ex predictis. XII. ubi aperiretur vel largaretur
haberet ad faciendum debeat recedere illinc donec determinatum
fuerit ibidem. et unus ex consulibus debeat ire cum eis ad predicta
facienda.
14. [XIIII] THE TIME AND FORM OF CHOOSING `DETERMINATORES'
AND WHAT THEY ARE OBLIGED TO DO.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls should
choose twelve men from the better and wiser men of the Credencia of
the Commune who will swear each year in the Commune on the Holy
Gospels of God that they will improve, increase, and complete the
roads and overpasses. And, the consuls may have one quarterium or
two of land, if it is suitable to level, clear, or raise them
according to that [standard] which will be determined. And, the
consuls are obliged to do this and to see that it is completed by
the Kalends of May, and, if any one of the aforesaid twelve should
withdraw from a place which he feels [the road] should be opened or
widened until a determination [on how the work should be done] has
been made, one of the consuls should go with them to accomplish the
aforesaid matters.
15. [XV] PENA CONSULUM PLUS COMPUTANTIUM QUAM EXPENDANT.
Item statutum est quod ille clauarius seu consul qui
computaret debita seu messiones comunis plura quam esse debuerint
a solidis. XX. pp. usque ad solidos. C. pp. soluat bannum
solidorum. XX. pp. et restituat misfallum. et a solidis. C.
superius soluat bannum librarum. X. pp. et amittat omnia officia
comunis tempore uite sue. et restituat dampnum comuni.
15. [XV] THE PENALTY FOR THE CONSULS WHO ACCOUNT FOR MORE
THAN THEY EXPEND.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the treasurer or
consul, who computes the debts and income [messiones = harvests] to
be more than twenty to one hundred solidi pp. than they should be,
should pay a fine of twenty solidi pp. and they should reimburse
the error. If [the error is] more than one hundred solidi, he
should pay a fine of ten pounds pp. and he should lose all of his
offices in the Commune for life and he should restore the loss to
the comune.
16. [XVI] QUID TENEANTUR NOUIS CONSULIBUS INFRA NATIUITATEM
UETERES CONSIGNARE.
Item statutum est quod omnes consules teneantur et debeant
infra pasca resurectionis domini consignare consulibus nouis
substitutis omnes libros accusationum. bannorum. receptionum et et
sequelarum. et banderias. et stateras. et marchum. et priuilegium
uetus. et cartam pronunciatus. et eas poni facere in camera
comunis. et eciam Vernam. et omnes alias menssuras et balistas. et
campionum florenorum.
16. [XVI] WHAT THE OLD CONSULS ARE OBLIGED TO CONSIGN TO THE
NEW CONSULS WITHIN CHRISTMASTIDE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that all consuls are
obliged to and should consign to the new substituted consuls within
the Easter Sunday of the Resurrection of the Lord all of the books
of accusers, banns, receipts and claims, banners, balances,
boundary markers, ancient privileges, and the document of the
pronouncement, and they should see to it that these materials are
placed in the vault of the Commune and also at Verna. And, all of
the other measures, crossbows, and the exchange of florins [should
be turned over to the new consuls].
17. [XVII] PROCURANT CONSULES UT PRONUNTIATUM ATTENDATUR
INTER DOMINUM EPISCOPUM ET COMUNE.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur precise per eorum
sacramentum procurare bona fide et eorum posse quod omnes nuncij
domini episcopi qui preerunt ad iusticiam reddendum debeant Jurare
in presencia consulum et conscilij comunis bugelle unicuique
persone bene persone et legaliter facere iusticie complementum.
17. [XVII] THE CONSULS SHOULD SEE TO IT THAT THE READING [OF
THEIR SOLEMN OATH] IS ATTENDED TO BY THE LORD
BISHOP AND THE COMMUNE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls be
obliged on their sworn oath to see to it precisely with good faith
and with their power that the envoys of the Lord Bishop, who
present themselves to obtain justice, should swear in the presence
of the consuls and council of the commune of Biella that they are
granting a good and legal complement of justice to each and every
person.
18. [XVIII] QUALITER ET QUOT SINT CREDENTIARIJ ELIGENDI ET
PENA CONSULUM QUI ADUNT.
Item statutum est quod consules debeant de conscilio. XII.
sapientum eligere usque ad LX. credenciarios. et non plures in ea
quantitate minori que eis uidebitur. Et facta electione
credentiariorum et consciliariorum per dictos consules et sapientes
non possint ipsi consules simul uel separatim per eorum sacramentum
addere aliquem seu aliquos in credentia uel consilio et qui contra
fecerint soluant bannum pro quolibet et qualibet vice librarum
decem pp. et ille additus siue additi nichilominus sint cassi hoc
tamen statutum non estandatur ad consules maystraliarum.
18. [XVIII] BY WHAT RIGHT AND HOW MANY MEMBERS OF THE
CREDENTIA SHOULD BE CHOSEN AND THE PENALTY FOR
THE CONSULS WHO ADD [TO THEIR NUMBER].
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls should
choose from twelve to sixty councilmen from the Council and no more
in that lesser amount than seems [adequate] to them. And, after
the choice of the members of the Credencia and the councilors by
the aforesaid consuls and wise men has been made, the consuls can
not, as a group or separately on their own sworn oaths, add anyone
or several in the Credencia or the Council [to the aforesaid
number]; and, he, who violates [this bann], should pay a fine of
ten pounds pp. for each and every offence and the person or persons
who were added are nullified. Nevertheless, this statute does not
erode the consuls majesty.
19. [XVIIII] ARMORUM INQUISITIO ET PENA NON HABENTIBUS
ORDINATA.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur si eis fuerit
preceptum per credenciam semel in anno inquirere guarnimenta et
arma inposita hominibus bugelle. et ab illis qui non presentabunt.
exigere bannum pro diployde et panzeria solidorum. XX. pp. et pro
aliis armaturis solidorum. V. pp. Et consules non pacientur poni
in credentia per eorum sacramentum. tempore eorum consulatus.
19. [XVIIII] THE INVESTIGATION OF WEAPONS AND THE PENALTY
FOR THOSE WHO DO NOT HAVE THEM.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if they have been
ordered once a year by the Credencia to inquire after the military
stores and weapons requisitioned by the men of Biella, the consuls
are obliged to exact a penalty of twenty solidi pp. for doublets
and clothing and five solidi pp. for other armaments. And, the
consuls are not allowed to be seated in the Credencia on their
sworn oath during the time of their consulate.
20. [XX] PER QUEM ET INFRA QUOD TEMPUS STATUTA NOUA PONI
DEBEANT IN UOLUMINE STATUTORUM.
Item statutum est quod quilibet clauarius teneatur facere poni
in libro statutorum omnia statuta ed additiones statutorum facta
tempore sui consulatus infra natiuitatem domini post sanctum
Martinum.
20. [XX] BY WHOM AND WITHIN WHAT PERIOD OF TIME NEW STATUTES
SHOULD BE PLACED IN THE VOLUME OF THE STATUTES.
In the same way, it has been decreed that each treasurer is
obliged to see to it that all of the statutes and additions to the
statutes made during the time of their consulate are set down in
the Book of the Statutes within the Nativity of the Lord after the
Feast of St. Martin.
21. [XXI] QUOCIENS QUALITER ET INFRA QUOD TEMPUS BANNA
DEBEANT IUDICARI.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur facere Judicari
banna per sapientes comuni quatuor uicibus in anno. Videlicet de
tribus in tribus menssibus. Et aliquod bannum semel Judicatum non
possit amplius Judicari. nec poni coram Judicatoribus. Et consules
non pacientur ipsum ponere in credencia per eorum sacramentum.
21. [XXI] HOW OFTEN, IN WHAT MANNER, AND WITHIN WHAT PERIOD
OF TIME BANNS SHOULD BE ADJUDICATED.
22. [XXII] FORMA PONENDI CUSTODES PRIUATOS.
Item statutum est quod duo ex consulibus quorum vnus sit
clauarius debeant scire qui erunt custodes privati. et debeant esse
presentes ad recipiendum eorum sacramenta. Et ipsi consules non
possint ponere dictos custodes nisi fuerunt clauarius presens ad
recipiendum eorum sacramenta.
22. [XXII] THE FORM FOR APPOINTING PRIVATE GUARDS.
23. [XXIII]. QUALITER COSTE PLACIJ SINT SOLANDE ET PENA
CONSULIBUS CCONTRAFATIENTIBUS ORDINATA.
Item statutem est quod consules teneantur per eorum Juramentum
actare et tenere actatas omnes costas placij bugelle et ultra hoc
teneantur facere solari de lapidibus colis quolibet anno perticas
tres silicet de costa glarie vel andurni vel versus vernatum Ubi
fuerit major necessitas usque ad exitum magi. et quod primo
teneantur consules omni anno facere solari de costa andurni
perticas IIII donec fuerit tota solata. ita quod non possit per
credentiam dispensari. Et si consules contrafecerint vel facere
recusauerint persoluant pro banno solidos LX pro quolibet.
23. [XXIII]. IN WHAT MANNER THE WALLS OF THE OPEN SPACES
SHOULD BE MAINTAINED AND THE PENALTY ORDAINED
AND THE PENALTY ORDAINED FOR THOSE ACTIONS
AGAINST THE CONSULS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls are
obliged by their sworn oath to lengthen and to maintain all of the
walls of the public square of Biella and furthermore they are
obliged to se to it that each year heaps of stones are removed at
least three perticas from the wall of gravel or of the ditch or
toward the T-shaped strip of land where it has been a major
necessity all the way until the end of May. And [it is understood]
from the first that the Consuls are obliged every year to level
(the land) from the walls of the ditch for four perticas until it
is all leveled. It is also understood that (the provision of this
statute) can not be dispensed with by the Credentia. And, if any
consuls should act contrary [to this chapter] or refuse to do [as
commanded by it], they should pay fifty solidi as a fine for each
offense.
Item statutum quod aliqua persona de bugella uel habitans in
bugella non debeat uetare aliquod bannum uel pignus ocaxione
alicuius banni uel collectarum. seu cuiuscumque precepti uel
processus facti per consules de quo sit accusatus, alicui seruitori
uel nuncio consulum siue sit dominus domus siue non. nec claudere
aliquam Januam uel ostium contra ipsos seruitores uel nuntios. Et
qui contrafecerit. soluat bannum solidorum. V. pp. Et si faceret
tantum quod campana Jnde pulssaretur. soluat bannum librarum. X.
pp. et seruitor siue nuncius teneatur incontinenti accusare et
facere poni in libro comunis accusationem suam.
24. [XXIIII] THAT THOSE WHO ARE PROHIBITED FROM ACCEPTING
SURETIES MAY BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person from
Biella or living ing Biella should oppose any fine or pledge on the
occasion of any pledge or collection, or of any order or process
made by the consuls concerning which an accusation was made to any
servant or agent of the consuls or, whether he be the Lord of the
household or not, he should not close his door or gate aganinst
those servants or agents. And, he, who violates [this bann],
should pay a fine of five solidi pp. And, if he does so much
(mischief) that the bell is sounded as a result, he should pay a
fine of ten pounds and the servant or agent is obliged to make an
accusation without hesitation and to cause his accusation to be set
down in the Book of the Commune.
25. [XXV] QUALITER CITATUS NON OBEDIENS PUNIATUR.
Item statutum est quod si quis requisitus fuerit per
servitorem comunis uel per alium de precepto consulum personaliter
ad petitionem alicuius. et non venerit. Soluat bannum solidorum II
pp. in voluntate illius qui fecerit eum requiri. et consules
teneantur excutere ipsum bannum et ponere in libro comunis.
25. [XXV] HOW QUICKLY HE WHO IS NOT OBEDIENT MAY BE
PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone, who has been
summoned personally by a servant of the Commune or by any other
person at the order of the consuls at the pertition of any person
and he does not come, should pay a fine of two solidi pp. at the
wish of the person who caused him to be summoned. And, the consuls
are obliged to execute the penalty and to set it down in the Book
of the Commune.
26. [XXVI] QUANTO TEMPORE SIT ACCUSATIS DEFFENSIO CONCEDENDA
Item statutum est quod quelibet persona de bugella possit et
sibi liceat facere deffenssionem contra quamlibet accusam siue sit
privata. siue non. dum modo possit probare contrarium per duos
bonos. ydoneos. et legitimos testes. Et 2non possint probare per
socios. uel participes. bannitos. vel clericos quando facta est per
officiales comunis.
26. [XXVI] IN HOW MUCH TIME A DEFENCE MAY BE CONCEDED TO
THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN ACCUSED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any person of Biella
can and is permitted to make a defense against any accusation,
whether it is private or not, until it can be proven to the
contrary by two good, suitable, and legitimate witnesses. And,
they can not prove the contrary by associates, participants, banned
persons, or clerics when the accusation has been made by the
officials of the Commune.
27. [XXVII] QUE DEFFENSIO DANDA SIT ACCUSATIS.
Item statutum est quod quelibet persona que acordauerit
aliquod bannum consulibus comunis. et voluerit de ipso facere
aliquam deffenssionem. debeat ipsam fecisse postquam acordauerit
infra vnum menssem. et si ipsam non fecerit infra predictum
terminum. non possit aliquam facere a termino predicto in antea et
consules non possint eam recipere. et dictus terminus non
extendatur ultra festum sancti Martini nisi per octo dies.
27. [XXVII] WHAT DEFENCE MUST BE GRANTED TO THE ACCUSED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any person, who has
negotiated any penalty with the consuls of the Commune and who
wishes to make any defense concerning that penalty, should have
made it one month before he had negotiated. And, if he did not
make it one month before he had negotiated, and, if he did not make
his defense within the aforesaid limit, he can not make any defence
from the aforesaid limit beforehand and the consuls can not accept
it. And, the aforesaid limit may not be extended beyond the Feast
of St. Martin, unless by eight days.
28. [XXVIII] QUANDO CONDEMPNATI DEBEAT EORUM PIGNORA
REDEMISSE.
Item statutum est quod qui dederit aliquod pignus clauario.
debeat ipsum reddemisse infra octauam sancti Martini quolibet anno.
et qui non reddimerit ipsa pignora. non teneatur clauarius ulterius
reddere ipsa. nec respondere alicui de Jure.
28. [XXVIII] HOW THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN SENTENCED SHOULD REDEEM
THEIR BOND.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he, who gives any
surety to the Treasurer, should have redeemed that pledge within
the octave of Saint Martin of the same year and, if he does not
redeem that pledge, the treasurer is not obliged to return the
surety later and [he does not need] to respond to him at law.
29. [XXVIIII] PRECEPTUM UNIUS CONSULIS CASSARE ALIUS NON
PRESUMAT.
Item statutum est quod precepta facta per aliquem ex
consulibus non possint prorogari nec cassari per alios consules uel
ipsorum aliquem.
29. [XXVIIII] THE COMMAND OF ONE CONSUL SHOULD NOT PRESUME
TO INVALIDATE THAT OF ANOTHER.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the orders made by
anyone of the consuls can not be adjourned or voided by the other
consuls or by anyone of them.
30. [XXX] ANTE SATISDATIONEM NULLA DEFENSIO DETUR.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non possit facere
aliquam deffensionem super aliquo banno nisi prius acordauerit
ipsum bannum consulibus.
30. [XXX] BEFORE SATISFACTION [HAS BEEN RENDERED, NO DEFENCE
SHOULD BE GRANTED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person can make
any defence concerning any fine unless he had negotiated the fine
earlier with the consuls.
31. [XXXI] QUANDO ET QUOMODO STATUTA SINT MELIORANDA.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod consules tenentur et
debeant facere prouidere et meliorari omnia statuta comunis omni
anno per vnum menssem ante festum sancti Martini per VIII sapientes
electos per ipsos vel circa.
31. [XXXI] HOW AND WHEN STATUTES MAY BE IMPROVED.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that the
consuls are obliged to and shall see to it that all of the statutes
of the commune are reviewed and improved each year throughout the
one month prior to the Feast of Saint Martin by eight or by about
eight wise men chosen by them.
32. [XXXII] PENA NON EUNTIS AD CONSILIUM ET NON PARENTIS
PRECEPTIS CONSULUM ORDINATUR.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod qui non Iuerit ad
conscilium quando pulsabitur uel quando precipietur de mandato
consulum et qui non obediuerit consulibus quando precipitur eis
quod sint super palatio comunis uel alibi ad Judicandum banna uel
prouissiones faciendas pro comuni. quod ille qui non fuerit hora
statuta soluat bannum pro qualibet uice solidorum. II. pp. nisi
inde fecerit legitimam defessionem.
32. [XXXII] THE PENALTY IS ORDAINED FOR THOSE WHO DO NOT GO
TO THE COUNCIL AND FOR THOSE WHO DO NOT OBEY THE
PRECEPTS OF THE CONSULS.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that [a man]
should not go to the Council when he will strike a blow or deviate
from the mandate of the consuls and he does not obey the consuls
when given an order by them because they are at the Palace of the
Commune or anywhere else to adjudicate banns or make provisions for
the Commune. [It is understood] that the person who does not
respect the statutes should pay a fine of two solidi unless he has
a legitimate defense therefrom.
33. [XXXIII] QUALITER SINT BANNA DE FORIS EXIGENDA.
Item statutum est quod consules per eorum sacramentum
teneantur excutere banna de foris sicut banna comunis et quod non
possint facere aliquam gratiam de dictis bannis.
33. [XXXIII] HOW FINES SHOULD BE EXACTED FROM FOREIGNERS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls, on
their sworn oath, are obliged to execute fines from the market
places as if they were fines of the commune and [it is understood]
that they can not grant any dispensation concerning the aforesaid
fines.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod si aliqua persona dixerit
verba iniuriossa alicui alteri corum consulibus quando redunt
rationem et petentibus coram eis rationem uel iustitiam soluat pro
qualibet uice solidos X pp. et si percuxerit aliquem coram dictis
consulibus soluat bannum solidorum LX pp.
34. [XXXIIII] THE PENALTY DECREED FOR THOSE WHO UTTER
INJURIOUS WORDS OR STRIKE BLOWS IN THE
PRESENCE OF THE CONSULS.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that, if any
person utters harmful words to any other person in the presence of
the consuls while they are deliberating and in the presence of
those seeking a decision or justice, he should pay a fine of sixty
solidi pp.
35. [XXXV] OMNI DIE IURIDICA CLAUARIUS SEDERE DEBET PRO
TRIBUNALI NISI COMITTAT EX IUSTA CAUSA.
Item statutum est quod clauarius comunis bugelle omni die
iuridica teneatur et debeat venire ad platheam placij bugelle ad
locum ubi ius redditur et ibi sedere pro tribunali pro Iustitia
facienda. vniquique cumquerenti. Qui clauarius ex iusta causa et
necessaria possit vnum ex aliis consulibus substinuere loco sui qui
sedere debeat pro tribunali et iustitiam reddere postulantibus.
35. [XXXV] ON EVERY LAWFUL BUSINESS DAY, THE TREASURER
SHOULD SIT IN FRONT OF THE TRIBUNAL UNLESS HE IS
EXCUSED FOR A JUST CAUSE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the Treasurer of the
Commune of Biella is obliged to and should come to the public
square of the open area on every legal day of business to the place
where justice is rendered and to sit there in front of the Tribunal
for the rendering of justice for each and every case. The
treasurer, for just cause and necessity, can substitute for one of
the consuls and he should sit in his place on the tribunal and
render justice to those demanding it.
36. [XXXVI] QUID HABEAT CLAUARIUS PRO EO QUOD OMNI DIE
IURIDICA SEDERE DEBET PRO TRIBUNALI.
Item statutum est quod quilibet qui fuerit clauarius pro
temporibus habeat omni anno vltra salarium ordinatum per alia
statuta. ex eo quod omni die tenetur venire ad banchum pro justicia
facienda solidos XL. pp.
36. [XXXVI] THE TREASURER MAY KEEP [THE SALARY THAT HE IS
PAID] BECAUSE HE IS OBLIGED TO SIT BEFORE THE
TRIBUNAL ON EVERY BUSINESS DAY.
In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone who was a
Treasurer in office for a whole year should have forty solidi pp.
more than the salary ordained by the other statutes from the point
which he is obliged to come to the bench for a full day to render
justice.
37. [XXXVII] QUALITER SINT BANNA DE FORIS IUDICANDA ET EORUM
PROCESSUS IN OMNIBUS FATIENDI.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod consules comunis bugelle
faciant omni anno Judicari banna et accusas eis facta et acusata
hominum forensium. per quatuor sapientes de credentia bugelle ad
hoc electos per dictos consules. qui iurent Judicare bene et
legaliter. conseruando cuilibet ius suum secundum formam statutorum
comunis bugelle et ponere in scriptis in libro accusationum hominum
forensium nomina sapientum qui iudicauerint dictas acusas. et
clauarius teneatur ex sacramento omni anno ponere librum disctarum
acusationum forensium in archiuo comunis. infra festum
resurectionis domini. postquam exiuerit de consolatu. cum alijs
libris accusationum hominum de bugella. et notarius teneatur in
dicto libro accusationum forensium ponere defensiones acusatorum et
dicta testium pe sacramentum. et in pena solidorum. XX. pro
qualibet uice qua contra fecerit.
37. [XXXVII] HOW FINES CONCERNING BUSINESSMEN SHOULD BE
AJUDICATED AND HOW THEIR PROCEEDINGS SHOULD BE
RECORDED IN ALL CASES.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that the
consuls of the commune should see to it for the entire year that
the fines are adjudicated and that accusations are made to them and
that the accusations of the merchants are made by the four wise men
of the Credentia of Biella who have been chosen for this purpose by
the aforesaid consuls. The consuls should swear that they will
render judgements well and legally, by preserving for each his
right according to the form of the statutes of the commune of
Biella and to set down in writing in the book of the Accusations of
Businessmen the names of the wise men who will adjudicate the
aforesaid accusations. And, the treasurer is obliged on his sworn
oath for the entire year to place the book of the aforesaid
Accusations of the Businessmen in the Archive of the Commune
within the Feast of the Resurrection of the Lord, after he leaves
the consulate together with the other books of the accusations of
the men of Biella. And, the notary is obliged to record the
defences of the accused and the statement of the witnesses on their
sworn oaths in the aforesaid book of the Accusations of the
Businessmen under the penalty of twenty solidi for each offence in
which the offence is given.
38. [XXXVIII] QUOMODE SOLUENDE SINT PER CONSULES EXPENSE
FACTE
PER EOS UEL AB IPSIS SE DEBEANT LIBERARE.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod consules et credenciarij
comunis bugelle. et consules magistraliarum qui pro temporibus
fuerint teneantur curare et facere cum effectu et per eorum
sacramentum quod omnes et singule expensse que fient de cetero
nomine comunis bugelle. et de mandato ipsius comunis seu credencie
soluantur consules comunis bugelle. in quorum consulatu expensse
facte fuerint exeant de eorum regimine et consulatu et credenciarij
ac consules magistraliarum infra duos mensses postquam expensse
facte fuerint. et antequam consules in quorum consulatu facte
fuerint expense de eorum consulatu. et officio exeant teneantur et
debeant assignare et ordinare modum et formam per quas dicte
expensse soluantur. et sint exacte. cum effectu. Ita quod ipsa
comunitas ab ipsis debitis et absolutione usurarum infra dictum
tempus sit exhonerata. Et si predicta non fecerint cum effectu.
Credenciarij et consules magistrariarum possint conueniri et eorum
bona a creditoribus qui pecuniam dedissent mutuo consulibus uel
comuni bugelle pro inde ac si essent pro eorum proprijs et
specialibus debitibus obligando. Et ipsam comunitatem bugelle
exhonerare a dampnis expensis et interesse que incurreret occaxione
predictorum debitorum transsacto consulatu et tempore
suprascriptis.
38. [XXXVIII] HOW THE EXPENSES INCURRED BY THE CONSULS
SHOULD BE PAID BY THEM OR BY THOSE WHO SHOULD
FREE THEMSELVES SHOULD FREE THEMSELVES.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that the
Consuls and the menbers of the Credentia of the Commune of Biella
and the Consuls of the Magistrates, who are in office at the time,
are obliged to take care and see to it efficiently on their sworn
oath that each and every expense that they henceforth make in the
name of the Commune of Biella and from the mandate of the Commune
or the Credentia should be paid before the Consuls of the Commune
of Biella, in whose consulate the expenses had been made, should
leave their office and consulate and the consuls of the magistrates
within two months after the expenses had been made and before the
consuls in whose consulate the expenses concerning their consulate
had been made, leave office, are obliged to and should assign and
order the manner and form through which the aforesaid expenses are
said. And, they should be exacted with efficiency. Thus, [it is
understood] that the community is exhonorated from those debts and
with absolution from usury within the aforesaid time. And, if the
aforesaid matters are done effectively, the members of the
Credentia and the consuls of the Magistrates and their goods can be
assembled by creditors who gave the money as a loan to the consuls
or commune of Biella. And, if they have been therefore obligated
in terms of their own property and special debts and to absolve the
commune of Biella from the expenses of the losses and to be between
those expenses which it incurred on the occasion of the aforesaid
debts which were carried on during the consulate and the time of
the aforesaid events.
39. [XXXVIIII] INFRA QUOD TEMPUS QUIS POSSIT RESUMERE
CONSULATUM.
Item statutum est quod qui fuerit consul vno anno non possit
esse consul a die finiti sui officij usque ad quatuor annos
completos.
39. [XXXVIIII] WITHIN WHAT PERIOD OF TIME SOMEONE CAN RESUME
THE CONSULATE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he, who was the
consul for a year, can not be a consul from the day of the
termination of his office to the completion of four years.
40. [XXXVIIII] IN EXPENSIS RATIONANDIS PERSONA CUM QUA, AC
DIES ET MENSIS SUNT APPONENDI.
Item statutum est quod clauarius et consules qui aliquas
expenssas fecerint pro comuni teneantur scribere menssem et diem in
quibus expensse facte et sigillatim specifficare nomina omnium
quibus data fuerit pecunia et quantitates et causas, alias. nichil
possit ponere in ratione comunis. Eo saluo quod dictum statutum
non extendatur ad spias. nec ad tractatum secretum que fierent ad
bonum statum et vtilitatem comunis.
40. [XXXVIIII] IN THE ACCOUNTING OF EXPENSES, THE PERSON
WITH WHOM, THE DAY, AND THE MONTH MUST BE
REPORTED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the treasurer and
the consuls, who have caused the expenses on behalf of the commune,
are obliged to write down the day and the month in which they
incurred the expenses and to specify under seal the names of all of
those to whom money has been given as well as the quantity and
reasons; otherwise, nothing can be placed in the accounts of the
Commune. Saving that [it is understood] that the aforesaid statute
is not extended to spies nor to handling secret activities which
are done for the good state and advantage of the Commune.
41. [XXXX] QUI POTEST ALIQUEM ALTERUM PRO CUSTODIA EXCUSARE.
Item statutum est quod nullus consul possit nec debeat
excusare aliquem per se nec per aliquem de domo sua nec accipere
solutionem seu accipi facere pro excussatione custodie. et qui
contrafecerit soluat bannum pro quolibet quem excussauerit et
qualibet uice sol. XX. pp. Et ille qui faceret excussare soluerent
tantumdem excepto quod liceat. Notario. excussare duos omni nocte.
et servitori duos. et illi qui stabunt campanille duos. et qui
stabit super turrim duos. et forestaris duos de licencia consulum.
41. [XXXX] WHO CAN EXCUSE ANY OTHER PERSON FOR GUARD DUTY.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no consul can nor
should anyone else by his own authority or through any member of
his household receive any payment (i.e., bribe) nor cause any
payment to be accepted as an excuse from guard duty. And, he, who
violates [this bann], should pay a fine of twenty solidi pp. for
each occasion on which he excused [some one from guard duty] and
for each offence. And, the person, who caused him to be released
[from guard duty], should pay the same amount with the exception
that the notary is permitted to excuse two men during one entire
evening, the slave [of the commune] two, those who remain [on duty]
near the bell-tower may excuse two, he, who remains [on guard] in
the gate-tower may release two, and the foresters may also release
two with the permission of the consuls.
42 & 43. [XXXXI] QUID HABEANT CONSULES DE INQUISITIONIBUS ET
QUID FACERE TENEANTUR.
42. Item statutum et ordinatum est quod de omnibus et singulis
delictis et quasi maleficijs et quasi rebus negocijs factis
comissis uel pertractatis contra honorem domini Episcopi et
Ecclesie Vercellensis uel contra statutum et honorem comunis et
hominum de bugella seu contra Jus uel statuta seu reformationes
Cridas et ordinationes dicti comunis. Consules comunis bugelle et
quilibet ipsorum simul et separatim prout voluerint possint et
valeant ex eorum officio sine strepitu et figura Judicij ordine
Juris seruato et non seruato Inquirere et Inquisitiones facere et
finire et omnes et singulos qui reperientur culpabiles per eorum
inquisitiones punire et condempnare secundum jura et statuta
comunis bugelle et perinde ac si in omnibus fuisset ordo
Judiciarius solempniter obseruatus et perinde ac si fuisset de
predictis acussatio legitime facta.
43. Item statutum est quod omnibus et singulis bannis excussis
ratione Inquisitionum clauarius habeat duodeamam partem et alij
Consules aliam duodeamam qui consules teneantur stare cum clauario
ad faciendas dictas Inquisitiones et etiam ipsas sine ipso
quociescumque ad Aures ipsorum peruenerint uel viderint expedire.
42 & 43. [XXXXI] WHAT THE CONSULS MAY HAVE FROM AN
INVESTIGATION AND WHAT THEY ARE OBLIGED TO
DO.
42. In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that, for
each and every dereliction, evildoing, and business transaction
undertaken, committed, or carried out against the honor of the Lord
bishop and the Church of Vercello or against the statute and the
honor of the Commune or the proclaimed reforms and ordinances of
the aforesaid commune, the consuls of the commune of Biella and
anyone of them, together or as individuals, as they wish, can and
are able, from their duty without fanfare and judicial formulae,
and with the letter of the law preserved or not preserved,
investigate, conduct investigations, and fine each and every person
who they have found to be guilty through their investigations, to
punish and condemn according to the laws and statutes of the
Commune of Biella and, just as if the judicial order has been
solemnly observed in all matters and just as if a legitimate
accusation concerning the aforesaid matters has been properly made.
43. In the same way, it has been decreed that, after each and
every one of the banns has been executed by reason of an
investigation, the treasurer may have a twelfth portion and the
other consuls a half portion. These consuls are obliged to remain
with the treasurer to carry out the aforesaid investigations and
also any other matters that may come to their ears or which they
may wish to prepare for.
44. LEGITTIME ACCUSATUS HABETUR PRO CONDEMPNATO, NISI
PROBAT CONTRARIUM.
Item quia observanda sunt in futurum que longissimis
temporibus inconmutabiliter tenuerunt Statutum et ordinatum fuit
quod quelibet persona que de cetero legittime fuerit accusata, per
consules officialem seu decnunciatorem. uel custodem priuatum
comunis Bugelle. habeatur pro condempnata. per inde Ac si contra
accusatum. probatum fuisset legittime de accusa per duos ydoneos
testes. nisi accusatus probauerit contrarium eius quod continebitur
in accusa per duos testes legittimos et quilibet qui preerit seu
deputatus fuerit ad offitium comunis possit accusare pubblice et
privatim.
44. AN ACCUSED PERSON MAY BE LEGITIMATELY HELD FOR
PUNISHMENT, UNLESS HE CAN PROVE THE CONTRARY.
In the same way, since those matters which were con sidered to
be unchangeable from the most distant times must be observed in the
future, it has be decreed and ordained that each person, who is
henceforth legitimately accused by the consuls, and official, or a
private guard of the Commune of Biella, is considered for
condemnation thereby and, if the case concerning an accusation has
been legitimately proven against the accused person by two suitable
witnesses, unless the accused person has proven the contrary of
that which has been contained in the accusation by two legitimate
witnesses; and, anyone who will be present or who has been
deputized for duty with the commune can accuss both publicly and
privately.
II. RUBRICA DE CREDENTIA.
II. THE RUBRIC CONCERNING THE CREDENCIA.
45. [I] NON UENIENS AD CREDENTIAM UEL SEDENDO LOQUENS
QUALITER PUNIATUR.
Statutum est et ordinatum quod omnes credentiarij veniant ad
credenciam quando pulsabitur uel precipietur. et qui ibi non fuerit
antequam consul incipiat concionem soluat bannum sol. VIIII. pp. et
qui dixerit aliquid. In credencia dum aliquis concionauerit soluat
simile bannum.
45. [I] HOW A PERSON WHO DOES NOT COME TO THE CREDENTIA OR
WHO SPEAKS WHILE IT IS IN SESSION MAY BE PUNISHED.
It has been decreed and ordained that all of the members of
the Credentia should come when the bells is sounded or when
ordered; and, he, who is not there before the consul begins the
assembly, should pay a fine of nine solidi pp. and he, who says
anything in the Credentia while someone else is deliberating (i.e,
speaking publicly), should pay a similar fine.
46. [II] CONTRA PRECEPTA CONSULUM LOQUENS IN CREDENTIA
PUNIATUR.
Item statutum est quod qui dixerit aliquid in credencia
postquam consul preceperit ei quod taceat soluat bannum sol. V. pp.
et tantum plus. quantum consules preciperent. et consules teneantur
excutere bannum et facere acordari incontinenti et poni in libro
comunis sicut alia banna.
46. [II] A PERSON WHO SPEAKS AGAINST THE COMMANDS OF THE
CONSULS IN THE CREDENTIA MAY BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone who has said
anything in the Credentia after the consul has ordered him to
remain silent should pay a fine of five solidi pp. and as much more
as the consul should order. And, the consuls are obliged to
enforce the fine and see to it that an agreement is made
immediately and that it is set down in the Book of the Commune as
the other fines are.
47. [III] ANTE QUAM IURET UENIENS AD CREDENTIAM PUNIATUR.
Item statutum est quod qui venerit ad credenciam et non
Jurauerit ipsam. soluat bannum sol. V. pp. pro qualibet uice. nisi
habuisset licenciam a consulibus. et hoc Intelligatur tantum de
illis qui steterint cum credenciariis.
47. [III] ANYONE WHO DOES NOT TAKE AN OATH BEFORE COMING
TO THE CREDENTIA MAY BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he, who comes to the
Credentia and does not swear the oath, should pay a fine of five
solidi pp. for each offence unless he has a dispensation from the
consuls; and, this is understood only in regard to those men who
may remain with the members of the Credentia.
48. [IIII] ACTENDI DEBENT QUE FUERINT PER MAIOREM CREDENTIE
ORDINATA.
Item statutum est quod totum hoc quod ordinabitur per
credenciarios uel maiorem partem. seu per illos qui fuerint ad hoc
constituti obseruetur. dum modo hoc iuste et racionabiliter factum
sit.
48. [IIII] THOSE MATTERS WHICH ARE TO BE ACTED UPON SHOULD
BE ORDERED BY A GREATER PORTION OF THE CREDENTIA.
In the same way, it has been decreed that all of this which
will be ordained by the members of the Credentia or a major portion
thereof or by those who were convened for this purpose be observed
as long as this has been justly and rationally done.
49. [V] NON HABEAT HONOREM UEL OFFITIUM IN COMMUNI QUI NON
EST HABITATOR ET QUI RECUSAT HONERA SUBSTINERE.
Item statutum est quod aliquis qui non soluat fodra et banna
comuni bugelle. et qui non sit habitor bugelle. non possit esse de
credencia nec de consilio. nec habere aliquod officium dicti
comunis.
49. [V] NO ONE SHOULD HOLD AN HONOR OR AN OFFICE IN THE
COMMUNE WHO IS NOT AN INHABITANT [OF THE COMMUNE] AND
WHO REFUSED TO SUSTAIN THE HONORS [OF THE COMMUNE].
In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone, who does not
pay the dues and the fines of the Commune of Biella and who is not
an inhabitant of Biella, can not be a member of the Credentia or of
the Council and he can not hold any office of the aforesaid
commune.
50. [VI] DE QUIBUS BANNIS NON LICEAT GRATIAM IMPETERTIRI.
Item statutum est quod aliqua gracia non possit fieri de
aliquo banno ludi. furti. ferute. uel qui trassisset arma. nec
a;icui qui steterit bannitus comunis bugelle ultra menssem vnum.
nec de aliquo banno rupto uel Judicato.
50. [VI] CONCERNING THOSE FINES FOR WHICH PERMISSION IS NOT
GIVEN TO GRANT A PARDON.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no dispensation can
be granted from any fine for gambling, theft, ordeals, or fo he who
has carried weapons or for anyone who remains a banned person of
the Commune of Biella for more than a month nor from any bann which
has been broken or adjudicated.
51. [VII] IN PRESENTIA PETENTIS GRATIAM NUNQUAM
RESPONDEATUR.
Item statutum est quod si quis pecierit uel requisierit
aliquid a comuni consules et credenciarij habeant conscilium simul
sine illo qui pecierit antequam respondeant ei. Et ille qui
responderet sine volumtate credencie soluat bannum sol. X. pp. Set
sic respondeatur per consules. domine nos audiuimus libenter uerba
vestra tamquam domini et amici nostri et super hiis diligenter
habebimus conscilium. et vobis respondebitur secundum voluntatem et
perceptum credencie. et tunc habeant conscilium respondendi per
volumtatem credencie.
51. [VII] A RESPONSE SHOULD NEVER BE GIVEN IN THE PRESENCE
OF THOSE SEEKING A DISPENSATION.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if anyone is
seeking or requesting anything from the Commune, the consuls and
the members of the Credentia are required to hold a conference
together without the person who is petitioning before they respond
to him. And, he, who responds without the wish of the Credentia,
should pay a fine of twenty solidi pp., but, the consuls should
respond in this manner: "Lords, we have freely listened to your
words as if they were our lords and friends. And, concerning these
matters, we have held a conference. And, there will be a response
to you in accordance with the wishes and order of the Credentia.
And, they will then hold a Council to respond at the wish of the
Credentia."
52. [VIII] DONUM FIERI NON POTEST NISI MAGISTRALIJS PRIMITUS
CONUOCATUS.
Item statutum est quod si aliquis homo vel femina cuiuscumque
conditionis si pecierit aliquid a Credentia seu a Comuni Bugelle
Consules et Credentiarij non possint nec debeant facere aliquam
responsionem nec aliquod donum. donec conuocauerint Consules
cuiuslibet Mestralie. qui similter conuocare debeant omnes illos de
eorum paraticis et habito conscilio cum ipsis liceat ipsis
Consulibus paraticorum ducere ad Credentiam. VI. uel. VIII. aut
usque ad. XII. de melioribus cuiuslibet paratici et tunc fiat
responxio de Conscilio et uoluntate Credentiariorum et mestralium
qui fuerint ad credentiam uel maioris partis ipsorum. Aliter uero
responxio sit cassa irrita et nullius ualoris atque momenti. Et
hoc Capitulum siue statutum sit et esse intelligatur Ita et taliter
precisum quod non possit nec debeat cassari nec irritare per totum
tempus consulum qui iurauerint et quod quelibet maystraria faciat
responsionem sui consilij et singulariter. aliter facta responsio
pro nulla habeatur nec teneatur. et eodem modo teneantur consulere
super quamcumque causam de qua conscilium daretur in credentia.
52. [VIII] A GIFT CAN NOT BE GIVEN EXCEPT WHEN THE
MAGISTRATES ARE FIRST ASSEMBLED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if any man or woman
of any condition whatsoever, should seek anything from the
Credentia or the Commune of Biella, the consuls and the members of
the Credentia can not and should not make any response nor any gift
until they have called the consuls of any mistery (= craft or craft
gild) whatsoever which, in a similar fashion, shall have convened
all of those persons who belong to their assemblies and, after they
have held a meeting with them, the consuls of these assemblies are
permitted to bring to the Credentia six, eight, or up to twelve of
the better members of their assembly and then the response from
their council may be made at the wish of the members of the
Credentia and of the mistery who are present at the Council or the
greater portion thereof. Otherwise, their response is void,
illegal, and of no value or moment. And, this chapter or statute
may be and should be understood to be such and so exact that it can
not be nor should be voided nor rendered illegal throughout the
entire term of office of the consuls who took the oath [to enforce
this law] and [it is understood] that any mistery may make a
response to the consuls as a group or individually. The response
which has been made in another way should be considered and held to
be of no account. And, in the same way, they are obliged to
consult concerning any reason for which counsel has been given in
the Credentia.
53. [VIIII] QUALITER ELECTORES CONSULUM ET CONSULES
ELIGANTUR.
Item statutum est quod in Credentia pulsata et congregata ad
sonum canpane more solito eligantur. XII. homines ad breue datum
inter omnes Credentiarios, qui iurent eligere bonos et ydoneos
Consules duos de Placio et duos de Plano. et. VIII. illorum. XII.
habeant potestatem eligendi predictos si fuerint in concordia. Ita
tamen quod aliquis ipsorum electorum non possit esse Consul.
53. [VIIII] HOW THE ELECTORS OF THE CONSULS AND THE CONSULS
ARE CHOSEN.
In the same way, it has been decreed that in a Credentia
called together and assembled at the sound of the bell in the
customary manner, twelve men should be chosen at the writ given
among all of the members of the Credentia, who swear that they will
choose four good and suitable consuls, two from the public square
and two from the open area, and eight others. They have the power
to choose the aforesaid men if they are in agreement. It is thus
neverthe less understood that none of those electors can be a
consul.
54. [X] QUALITER ELECTORES OFFITIALIUM ET OFFITIALES SINT
ELIGENDI.
Item statutum est quod alij. XII homines electi ad breue datum
in credentia iurare debeant eligere omnes officiales Comunis illius
anni et octo illorum si fuerint in concordia possint ipsos
officiales eligere. Ita tamen quod aliquis de predictis electoribus
non possit esse officialis preter Clauarium et hoc statutum fit et
esse debeat perpetuo precisum ita quod non posit poni in credentia
quod aliter electio fiat. nec per ipsam credentiam dispensari. et
si contra factum fuerit. cassum sit et irritum ipso iure.
54. [X] HOW THE ELECTORS OF THE OFFICIALS AND THE OFFICIALS
SHOULD BE CHOSEN.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the other twelve men
chosen at the writ given in the Credentia should swear that they
would choose all of the officials of the Commune for that year and
eight of them, if they are in agreement, can choose those
officials. Thus, [it is understood] nevertheless that anyone of
the aforesaid electors can not be an official besides the treasurer
and this is the statute and it should be forever so precise that a
person can not be seated in the Credentia because his election took
place in any other circumstance nor can [this bann] be waived.
And, if this statute is contravened, [the election] is void and
unlawful by the law itself.
55. [XI] QUALITER ELECTORES CONSULUM ET OFFITIALIUM ELIGENDI
POTESTATE PRIUENTUR.
Item statutum est quod si predicti electores consulum et
officialium non se concordarent de faciendis predictis electionibus
sicut superius determinatur et starent tantum ad concordendum se de
predictis quod vna candela de vno pede esset combusta et finita
quod electio ipsorum reuertatur ad credentiam, et eligatur vnum
Camparium in Pauignano.
55. [XI] HOW THE CHOSEN ELECTORS OF THE CONSULS AND THE
OFFICIALS ARE DEPRIVED OF THEIR OFFICE BY THE
PODESTA.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if the aforesaid
electors of the Consuls and officials do not agree among themselves
concerning conducting the aforesaid electors as it has been
determined above they are to remain together only to make an
agreement among themselves concerning the aforesaid matters so long
as it is for [the length of time that it takes] a one foot candle
to burn and, after the candle has burned out, [it is understood]
that the election of those [officials and consuls] is returned to
the Credentia and one camparius is chosen in Pauignanum.
56. [XII] QUOD ORDINATUM EST POTEST MAIOR PARS CREDENTIE
IMMUTARE.
Item statutum est quod Credentia possit crescere diminuere et
mutare ea de quibus maior pars fuerit in concordia ad honorem et
utilitatem domini Episcopi et ecclesie Vercellensis et Comunis
Bugelle saluo quod pro illo anno quo consules iurauerint super
statutis quod nichil fieri possit in illo anno contra statuta.
56. [XII] A MAJORITY PORTION OF THE CREDENTIA CAN CHANGE
WHAT HAS BEEN ORDAINED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the Credentia can
increase, lessen, and change those matters concerning which a major
portion was in agreement for the honor and advantage of the Lord
Bishop, the Church of Vercellens, and the Commune of Biella, saving
that for the year in which the consuls have taken an oath
concerning the statutes that nothing can be done in that year
against the statutes.
57. [XIII] PENA PROPONENTIS ALIQUID ANTE QUAM PROPOSITA PER
CONSULES FUERINT REFORMATA.
Item statutum est quod quousque fuerit facta reponsio et datum
conscilium super proposita facta per Consules nullus Credentiarius
debeat aliquid aliud proponere uel allegare sine licentia Consulum.
Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum. sol. V. pp. Et Consules
teneantur excutere illa banna sicut alia et ante quam exeant de
credencia facere ipsa acordari.
57. [XIII] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO PROPOSE ANYTHING BEFORE
THE MATTERS PROPOSED BY THE CONSULS WILL HAVE
BEEN ACTED UPON.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, whatever response
has been made or whatever counsel has been given concerning
proposals made by the Consuls, no member of the Credentia should
propose or allege anything else without the permission of the
consuls. And, he, who violates [this bann], should pay a fine of
five solidi pp. And the consuls are obliged to execute those banns
as the others and to see to it that those matters are negotiated
before they leave the Credentia.
58. [XIIII] QUANDO UALEAT INSTRUMENTUM GRATIE QUE FIT PER
COMUNE ET PENA NOTARIJ QUI FACIT INSTRUMENTUM
CONTRA FORMAM STATUTORUM.
Item statutum est quod si carta aliqui facta fuerit habitarie
siue alicuius alterius facti que pertineat comuni bugelle. quod
ipsa carta legatur et examinetur in publica credencia. seu in
conscilio. et si aprobata fuerit. reddatur per notarium qui eam
fecerit ei cuius fuerit. Alioquim si contrafactum fuerit. sit cassa
et irrita. Insuper notarius qui cartam fecerit tenetur dare similem
clauario comunis sumptibus illius qui eam pecierit a comuni. et
clauarius tenetur eam ponere in scrineo comunis cum sociis suis. Et
notarius qui contrafecerit soluat bannum pro quolibet et qualibet
uice sol. XX. pp. Et consules teneantur inquirere.
58. [XIIII] WHEN AN INSTRUMENT FOR PARDON WHICH HAS BEEN
MADE BY THE COMMUNE IS IN FORCE AND THE PENALTY
FOR THE NOTARY WHO MARKS AN INSTRUMENT AGAINST THE
FORM OF THE STATUTES.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if there is any
document of ownership which has been made or anything else which
has been made that pertains to the Commune of Biella, [it is
understood] that this document should be read and examined in the
public Credentia or in the Council. And, if it has been approved,
it should be returned by the notary who fashioned it to the person
to whom it belongs. If the document should be contrary to this
[directive] in any way, it is void and illegal. In addition, the
notary, who fashioned the document is obliged to give a copy to the
treasurer of the Commune at the expense of the person who sought
the document from the commune. And, the treasurer is obliged to
place the document in the archive of the Commune together with its
fellows. And, the notary, who violates [this directive], should
pay a fine of twentu solidi pp. for each and every offence. And,
the Consuls are obliged to investigate.
59. [XV] PENA FORENSIS EUNTIS AD CONUOCATIONEM FACTAM
RATIONE COMUNIS.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona que non sit de bugella
seu recepta in habitatorem comunis bugelle non audeat vel presumat
Ire ad aliquam coadunationem seu conuocationem que fiat per
maystralias ad petitionem comunis bugelle seu de mandato consulum
uel comunis predicti loci uel ratione dicte comunitatis. Et qui
contra fecerit soluat pro quolibet et qualibet vice sol. V. et
consules illius paratici qui eos admiserint soluant pro quolibet et
qualibet vice sol. X.
59. [XV] THE PENALTY FOR THE FOREIGNER WHO GOES TO AN
ASSEMBLY CALLED FOR BY A DECISION OF THE COMMUNE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any person, who is
not a resident of Biella or who has been received into ahousehold
of the Commune of Biella, should not dare to nor presume to go to
any assembly or convocation which was called for by the craft gilds
at the request of the commune or at the mandate of the Consuls or
of the Commune of the aforesaid place or at the reckoning of the
aforesaid community. And, he, who violates [this bann], should pay
a fine of five solidi pp. for each and every offence and the consul
of that paraticus, which called them together should pay ten solidi
pp. for each and every offence.
III. RUBRICA DE COMUNI.
III. THE RUBRIC CONCERNING THE COMMUNE.
60. [I] PENA NON SOLUENTIS AD TERMINUM ORDINATUM.
Item statutum est quod qui non soluerit comuni quod debuerit
ad terminum sibi assignatum. siue in Instrumentis ordinatum. quod
omnia dampna et expensse que fient occaxione illius debiti. vadant
super illo qui non soluerit. Et qui dederit aliquod pignus
clauario nomine comunis. teneatur predictum pignus facere bonum
usque ad quantitatem pro qua id dederit.
60. [I] THE PENALTY FOR NOT RENDERING PAYMENT WITHIN THE
TIME ORDAINED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he, who does not pay
the commune what he owes by the deadline assigned to him or
ordained in the instruments, [should understand] that all loses and
expenses which were incurred on the occasion of the debt become
the responsibility of he who has not paid his debts. And, he, who
has given any pledge to the treasury in the name of the commune is
obliged to make the aforesaid surety good to the quantity for that
which he had given it.
Item statutum est quod qui Iuerit extra bugellam pro ambaxata
comunis. habeat sol. XVI. pp. pro quolibet cum equo. et non plus.
Et si venerit ea die qua iuerit habeat sol. VIIII. pp. Et non
possit nec debeat sibi fieri aliqua ultra predictos sol. XII. pp.
61. [II] THE SALARY ESTABLISHED FOR EQUESTRIAN AMBASSADORS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he who travels
outside of Biella for any ambassadorship for the commune, should
have sixteen solidi pp. for each [attendant] with a horse and no
more. And, if he returns on the day on which he had departed, he
should have nine solidi pp. And, he can not and should not take
anything additional for himself beyond the aforesaid twelve solidi
pp.
62. [III] SALARIUM PEDESTRIUM ET FATIENDUM FACTA COMUNIS.
Item statutum est quod qui Iuerit extra bugellam videlicet
longe a loco bugelle per unum miliare sine equo in seruicio comunis
habeat sol. III. pp. pro quolibet die. Et qui steterit super
aliquo facto comunis in bugella habeat sol. II. pp. qualibet die.
62. [III] THE SALARY FOR THOSE WHO ARE ON FOOT AND CARRYING
OUT THE BUSINESS OF THE COMMUNE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he who goes outside
of Biella certainly further than one mile (miliare) from the
territory of Biella without a horse in the service of the commune
should have three solidi pp. for each day. And, he, who has
remained in Biella on any business of the commune should have two
solidi pp. for each day.
63. [IIII] PENA NON ATTENDTIUM PRECEPTA COMUNIS ET PROCESSUS
CONTRA EOS PER CONSULES FATIENDI.
Item statutum est quod omnes homines habitantes et stantes in
begella debeant attendere et obseruare omnis precepta
rationabiliter eis facta per consules bugelle uel aliquem ipsorum
de precepto et voluntate credencie uel maioris partis ipsius
credencie. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum pro qualibet die qua
steterit usque ad octo dies sol. X. pp. nisi iustam habuerit
excusationem. Et de predictis bannis non possit fieri aliqua
gratia. Et si non acordauerit predicta banna. non emendentur sibi
aliqua dampna si fierent ei. de ere comunis post terminum. VIII0.
dierum ipso existente in predicta rebellitione. et quod teneatur
pro uicino. et quod nullus debeat ei dare conscilium nec
adiutorium. nec mercandare cum eo. Et quod nemo coquat sibi panum
nec coqui facere nec molat sibi bladum nec moli facere nec laborare
cum eo vel dare laborem sub banno sol. V. pp. pro quolibet et
qualibet vice. Et conssules teneantur facere ipsum sic rabellum
omni mense nominatim cridari in banno per loca consueta per totum
eorum consulatum per sacramentum et super predictis omnibus et
singulis teneantur inquirere si sciuerint et eis denunciatum fuerit
et tenere denunciatores privatos.
63. [IIII] THE PENALTY FOR NOT ATTENDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS
OF THE COMMUNE AND THE PROCEEDINGS AGAINST THEM
INDICATED BY THE CONSULS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that all me living and
residing in Biella should attend to and observe all laws reasonably
made for them by the consuls of Biella or by any one of them "de
precepto et voluntate credencie vel maiores partis ipsius
credencie." And, he, who violates [this bann], should pay a fine
of ten solidi pp. for each day on which he remains up to eight days
unless he has a just excuse. And, concerning the aforesaid banns,
there can be no indulgence granted. And, if anyone does not agree
with the aforesaid banns, no loss, if it should happen to him,
should re reimbursed from the treasury of the commune after the
limit of eight days while he is in the aforesaid rebellion. And,
[it is understood] that he may not be considered a neighbor. And,
[it is understood] that no one should give aid or counsel to him or
to engage in business with him. And, [it is understood] that no
one should break bread with him or cause anyone to eat with him or
mill his grain or cause it to be milled or work with him or give
him work under a penalty of five solidi pp. for each and every
offence. And, the consuls are to see to it that he is thus
publicly denounced by name as a rebel every month in a bann
throughout the customary places throughout the time of their
consulate on their sworn oath and, concerning each and every one of
the aforesaid matters, the consuls are obliged to investigate if
they know about them and if it has been reported to them; and,
[they are obliged] to keep [the names of] the informers
confidential.
64. [V] PENA SAPANTIUM ARBORES SUPER COMUNI, ULTRA
FORMAM STATUTORUM.
Item statutum est quod arbores existentes super comuni non
debeant nec possint sappari ultra pedes IIIor. longe ab arbore. et
qui contrafecerit. soluat pro quolibet vice sol. XX. pp.(propria
pecunia). Et omnes officiales teneantur accusare et pro qualibet
arbore sol. V.
64. [V] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO TRIM TREES IN THE
COMMUNE BEYOND THE FORM OF THE STATUTES
In the same way it is decreed that the trees which are in the
Commune can not and should not be trimmed more than three feet from
the tree. And, he, who acts against (this chapter), should pay
twenty solidi p.p. (in suitable money) for each and every offence.
And all officials are obliged to make accusations. And, for each
tree, there is a fine of five solidi.
65. [VI] PER ILLOS DE CREDENTIA DE MANDATO CONSULUM BANNA
SUNT IUDICANDA.
Item statutum est quod banna dicti comunis non possint
Judicari nisi per illos de credencia ad hoc electos per consules
dicti comunis secundum quod consuetum est.
65. [VI] PUNISHMENTS ARE ADJUDICATED BY THOSE MEN OF THE
CREDENTIA ACCORDING TO THE MANDATE OF THE CONSULS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the banns of the
aforesaid commune can not be adjudicated unless by those me of the
Credentia chosen for that purpose by the consuls of the aforesaid
commune according to the customary form.
66. [VII] DIEBUS MERCURIJ IOUIS ET VENERIS BONA
VENIENTIUM AD FORUM NON VALEANT IMPEDIRI.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod non possit nec debeat
fieri aliquod saximentum de bonis uel in bonis alicuius uenientis
a forum bugelle in die Mercuri post nonam. nec per totam diem
Jovis. nec die veneris usque ad vesperas. nec ipsius bona modo
aliquo impedire. et qui pecierit vel impetrauerit fieri dictum
saximentum seu impediuerit aliquem venientem ad forum. uel bona
eius detinebit uel occupabit directe uel indirecte. soluat pro
quolibet et qualibet uice. sol. XX. pp. et ultra hoc dictum
saximentum sit cassum et irritum. et ille qui eum fieri fecerit.
teneatur ipsum facere cassari si fuerit requisitus. et si cassare
noluerit. soluat bonnum sol, LX. et nichilominus dictum saximentum
sit cassum irritum et nullius ualoris. penitus et momenti. et quod
statutum non extendatur ad fures. latrones. seu raptores. nec.
intelligatur de bonis furatis et ablatis. uiolenter vel derubatis.
66. [VII] ON WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, AND FRIDAY, THE GOODS
OF THOSE COMING TO THE MARKETPLACE SHOULD NOT BE
HINDERED.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that no
saximentum [a tax of one sixth of the value] can or should be taken
from the goods or [imposed] on the goods of any person coming from
the Forum of Biella on Wednesday, Thursday after noon, nor on
Friday until.after Vespers. Nor should the goods of anyone be
impeded in any way. And, he who places a values (on goods) or
orders that the aforesaid saximentum be imposed or impedes anyone
coming to the marketplace or holds onto them either directly or
indirectly should pay twenty solidi pp. for each and every offence
and furthermore the saximentum is null and void. And he who has
caused this to happen is obliged to see to it that his actions are
nullified if he shall have required them. And if he should refuse
to nullify them, he should pay a fine of 60 solidi and the
aforesaid saximentum is nonetheless null, void, and of no value or
actual impact. And [it is understood] that this statute is not
extended to thieves, brigands, or rapists, and it is not understood
to have been extended to goods stolen, taken violently, or
destroyed.
67. [VIII] DOMINUS DOMUS SOLUAT PRO CONDUCTORE QUI RECUSAT
COMUNIS HONERA SUBSTINERE.
Item statutum est quod si aliqua persona de bugella. seu
habitans in bugella locauerit aliquam domum uel aliam
possessionem alicui persone que recuset soluere banna fodra datia
et alias impositiones ei uel eis imposita uel impositas per
comune bugelle. quod dominus domus uel alterius possessionis
dicta banna et alias impositiones soluere teneatur. Et si
conductor alij soluere teneatur. Et si conductor non esset
soluendo uel se defenderet nichilominus dominus domus in qua
delinquid soluere teneatur.
67. [VIII] THE LORD OF THE HOUSEHOLD SHOULD PAY FOR THE
TENANT WHO REFUSES TO SUSTAIN THE THE HONORS OF
THE COMMUNE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if any person
from Biella or living in Biella should lease (rent) any home or
any possession for any person who refuses to pay fines, feudal
dues, endowments, or any dues imposed on him, or imposed on them
or imposed by the commune of Biella, [it is understood] that the
owner of the house or other possessions may be held responsible
for paying the aforesaid fines or other investitures. And, if
the conductor of another should be obliged to pay or should not
have to pay or should make a defense for himself, the owner of
the house in which there is any delinquency [unpaid debts] should
in no way be obliged to render payment.
68. [VIIII] DISPENSATA PER OFFITIALES CONFRARIE ULTRA
PROUENTUS SINE LICENTIA COMUNIS NULLATENUS
REPPETANTUR.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod prior et sorestani
confrarie non possint nec debeant expendere nec distribuere ultra
illud quod exegerint uel exigere debuerint de prouentibus
confrarie illius anni in quo essent dicti prior et sorestani
constituti. Et si contrafecerint non restituatur eis de Ere
comunis nec confrarie nisi hoc decissent de licentia credentie
optenta antequam inciperent distribuere dictam confrariam.
68. [VIIII] EXPENDITURES BY THE OFFICIALS OF ASSOCIATIONS
BEYOND THEIR FINANCIAL RESOURCES WITHOUT THE
LICENCE OF THE COMMUNE SHOULD BY NO MEANS BE
REPEATED.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that the
prior or prioress of a brotherhood can not nor should not expend
or distribute any more than they are required to or should they
demand from the proceeds of the brotherhood during the year in
which the aforesaid prior or prioress had been installed in
office. And, if this bann is violated, [the loss] should not be
restored to them from the treasury of the commune nor of the
brotherhood, unless it took place with the permission of the
Credentia chosen before they began to distribute [the proceeds
of] the aforesaid brotherhood.
69. [X] DANS DAMPNUM IN DOMIBUS ALIENIS SOLIDOS V
SOLUERE TENEATUR.
Item statutum est quod qui proiecerit lapides vel dampnum
dederit in domibus Ecclesiarum confrarie communis et cuiuslibet
persone soluat bannum pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol. V pp.
69. [X] ANY PERSON CAUSING DAMAGE IN SOMEONE ELSE'S HOME
IS BOUND TO PAY FIVE SOLIDI.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he, who throws
stones at or who causes damage to the homes of the churches of the
brotherhood of the commune and of each and every person, should pay
a fine of five solidi pp. for each and every offence
70. ACCUSATUS NON FACIENS DEFENSIONEM INFRA MENSEM HABEATUR
PRO CONDEMNATO.
Item quod quelibet persona que accusata fuerit consulibus
bugelle ab alio quam per ofitialem comunis si post acussam infra
menssem defensionem non fecerit atque dederit eam in scriptis
consulibus habeatur pro condennata. et ab ipsa persona bannum
exigatur et perueniat in comune bugelle perinde ac si accusa
probata esset per duos legitimos testes.
70. AN ACCUSED PERSON WHO DOES NOT MAKE A DEFENSE WITHIN A
MONTH MAY BE CONSIDERED AS CONVICTED.
In the same way, [it is understood] that, if any person who
has been accused to the consuls of Biella by any person other
than by an official of the commune does not make a defense within
a month and give that defense in writing to the consuls, he
should be held for condemnation. And, from this person, a fine
is exacted and it falls to the commune of Biella therefrom and if
the accusation has been proven by two legitimate witnesses.
IIII. RUBRICA DE
SANCTIS FESTIS. ECCLEXIIS. SALMIS. CUMFRARIA. ET
HOSPITALI.
IIII. THE RUBRIC CONCERNING HOLY DAYS, CHURCHES, CONVENTS,
BROTHERHOODS, AND HOSPITALS.
71. [XI] IURANTES ET BLASFEMANTES YHESUM ET ALIOS SANCTOS
DEI QUALITER PUNIATUR.
Statutum est quod illa persona que blasphemauerit uel
maledixerit deum. uel sanctam Mariam. aut aliquem sanctum uel
sanctam. Aut qui dixerit in despectu aut male grate alicuius
ipsorum. Aut qui Jurauerit corpus. sanquinem. uel os dei. uel
sancte Marie soluat bannum pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol.
quinque. pp.
71. [XI] THE MANNER IN WHICH THOSE WHO SWEAR AND BLASPHEME
JESUS AND THE OTHER SAINTS OF GOD SHOULD BE
PUNISHED.
It has been decreed that any person who blasphemes or speaks
badly of God, of Holy Mary, or of any holy man or woman, or, who
speaks on contempt of or with disfavor of anyone of them, or, who
swears on the body, blood, or bones of God or Holy Mary, should pay
a fine of five solidi pp. for each and every offence.
72. [XII] QUIBUS FESTIUITATIBUS SIT PROHIBITUM LABORARE.
Item statutum est quod omnia festa Beate Marie virginis. et
appostolorum, et festum omnium Sanctorum. et festa beatorum Eusebij
ed Stephani de mensse augusti. et omnes dies dominici sint in
banno. et qui laborauerit uel laborari fecerit in aliquo
predictorum festorum et in aliis maioribus festivitatibus si fuerit
dominus laboris soluat bannum sol. V. pp. si fuerit laborator qui
laboret pro precio denar. XII. pp. Et in eodem banna sint
festiuitates sanctorum et sanctarum Nicolay. Martini. Victoris.
Theodori. Bernardi. Mauricij. Caxiani. Marie Magdalene. Michaelis
et Georgii et Sancti Augustini confessoris et sancte Katherine
virginis. Et beati Marchi euangeliste et sancti Luce et corporis
Christi.
72. [XII] ON WHICH FEAST DAYS IT IS FORBIDDEN TO WORK.
In the same way, it has been decreed that all of the feast
days of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Apostles, and the feast of All
Saints, and the feast days of blessed Eusebius and of Stephen
during the month of August and all Sundays are under bann. And,
he, who works or causes anyone to work on anyone of the aforesaid
feast days or on other greater festivities, should pay a fine of
five solidi pp., if he is the master of the work, and, twelve
denarii, if he is a laborer who worked for a wage. And, under the
same bann are the feast days of the saints Nicolas, Martin, Victor,
Theodore, Bernard, Maurice, Caxianus, Mary Magdalene, Michael,
George, St. Augustine the Confessor, Katherine the Virgin, Blessed
Mark the Evangelist, St. Lucy, and the Body of Christ.
Item statutum est quod qui ascenderit super aliquibus
ecclesiis bugelle aliqua de causa soluat bannum sol. XX. pp. nisi
ascenderet causa meliorandi ipsas.
73. [XIII] HOW THOSE WHO CLIMB ON CHURCHES SHOULD BE
PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone who climbs
atop any of the churches of Biella for any reason should pay a fine
of twenty solidi pp., unless he had climbed atop them to make
repairs.
74. [XIIII] AD QUE FESTA ET UIGILIAS PROHIBITUS SIT
ACCESSUS.
Item statutum est quod aliquis homo masculus de bugella seu
habitans in bugella a. XII. annis superius non audeat uel presumat
ire ad festa uel uigilias sanctorum laurentii de andurno. Germani
de tolegno. Quirici de clauazia. Sancte Marie de moxo. et Bedulij.
Sancti Jacobi de pitengo. Sancti laurentii de ponderano. . Sancte
Marie de Auiliano. Sancti laurentii et petri de candelo. Sancti
Petri de Gallianico. Sancte Marie de sendiliano. Sancti supplicij
de borriana. Sancti Eusebij de muzano. Sancti stephani de occlepo
superiori. Sancti theodoli de polono. et qui contrafecerit soluat
pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol. XX. pp. Et consules non possint
dare licenciam.
74. [XIIII] AT WHICH FEASTS AND VIGILS ACCESS SHOULD BE
PROHIBITED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any man from Biella
or male living in Biella, who is more than twelve years of age,
should neither dare nor presume to go to the Feast Days and Vigils
of St. Lawrence of Andurno, Germanus of Tolegnum, Quiricus of
Clauazia, St. Mary of Moxum and Bedulium, St. James of Pitenengo,
St. Lawrence of Ponderanum, St. Mary of Auilianum, Sts. Lawrence
and Peter of Candelum, St. Peter of Gallianicum, St. Mary of
Sendilianum, St. supplicius of Borriana, St. Eusibius of Muzanum,
St. Stephen of Occlepum Superior, St. Theodolus of polonum; and,
he, who breaks [this bann], should pay a fine of twenty solidi pp.
for each and every offence. And, the consuls can not grant a
dispensation.
75. [XV] PER QUOS ET QUI ELIGANTUR OFFITIALES CONFRARIE ET
INFRA QUOD TEMPUS ET QUALITER RATIONEM SUB PENA REDDERE
TENEANTUR.
Item statutum est quod Prior et mestrales confrarie debeant
eligere priorem et mestrales omni anno qui fuerintnecessarij pro
sequenti anno, et ipsi debeant esse secundum quod electi fuerint.
et qui noluerit esse soluat bannum sol. XX. pp. postea sit. nisi
haberet iustam excusationem. Et consules eos cogere ut predicta
faciant. et prior et sorestani teneantur omni anno in virtute
Spiritus Sancti facere rationem consulibus et confratribus qui
noluerint interesse. infra menssem post pasca pentecostes usque ad
sanctam Mariam de medio Auguste. Et prior qui non reddiderit
rationem consulibus comunis onfra dictum terminum quatuor
sapientibus electis per consules ad dictam rationem audiendam.
doluat bannum sol. LX. pp. et pro qualibet septimana sol. XX. pp.
que banna consules teneantur excutere sicut alia banna comunis per
eorum sacramentum. et consules non possint dare licenciam nec
permittere poni in credentia. et quilibet possit accusare et
teneatur priuatus.
75. [XV] BY WHOM THE OFFICIALS OF THE BROTHERHOODS ARE
CHOSEN AND WHO THEY ARE AND WITHIN WHAT TIME AND IN
WHAT MANNER THEY ARE OBLIGED TO RENDER AN
ACCOUNTING UNDER PENALTY.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the Prior and the
priests of a brotherhood should choose a prior and priests for a
whole year as necessary for the following year, and they should be
chosen according to the form under which they are chosen and he,
who does not wish to be chosen, should pay a fine of twenty solidi
pp. and afterwards be chosen, unless he has a just excuse. And,
the consuls should compel them to do the aforesaid matters. And,
the Prior and his companions are obliged each year in the virtue of
the Holy Spirit to render an accounting for the consuls and their
associates, who do not wish to be involved between the month of the
Feast of Pentecost to the Feast of St. Mary during the middle of
August. And, the Prior, who does not render an accounting within
the aforesaid time limit to the four men chosen by the consuls to
hear the aforesaid accounting should pay a fine of sixty solidi pp.
and twenty solidi pp. for each week thereafter. The consuls are
obliged to execute those fines as they do the other fines of the
commune on their sworn oath. And, the consuls can not grant a
dispensation and can not permit him to be seated in the Credentia.
And, anyone can accuse and [his name] be kept confidential.
76. [XVI] QUID CONFRATRES ET QUANDO SOLUERE TENEANTUR ET
PENA NON ATTENDENTIUM PRO UT DEBENT.
Item statutum est quod quilibet de confraria bugelle. et qui
intrauerit in ipsam teneatur et debeat soluere sicalem ad sanctum
eusebium et denar. XX. et oblationes ad pascha pentecostes. et
prior. et sorestani ipsius confrarie teneantur et debeant excutere
illam blauam et denarios ab illis qui non soluerint in dictis
terminis. Et teneantur per eorum sacramentum dare auxilium et
facere eorum posse quod ipsi soluat. et restituant expenssas facta
illa de causa. Et qui fecerit contra predicta soluat bannum sol. V.
pp. pro qualibet uice et pro quolibet precepto et postea soluat.
76. [XVI] WHAT AND HOW MUCH BROTHERS ARE OBLIGED TO PAY AND
THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO DO NOT ATTEND TO THIS AS
THEY SHOULD.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any member of the
brotherhood of Biella and anyone, who joins it, is obliged to and
should pay a sicale [of rye] to St. Eusebius and twenty denarii as
offerings at the Feast of Pentecost. And, the prior and the
brothers of that brotherhood are obliged to and should take the
grain and the denarii from those who have not paid within the
aforesaid time limits. And, they are obliged on their sworn oath
to render aid and to do what they can so that they can pay and they
are to reimburse the expenses incurred for that reason. And, he,
who violates the aforesaid matters, should pay a fine of five
solidi pp. for each offence and for each precept; and, he should
afterwards pay [his dues].
77. [XVII] PENA RECUSANTIUM OFFITIUM CONFRARIE.
Item statutum est quod quisque qui eligetur minister
confrarie. debeat ipsum officum exercere. tam illi qui sunt de
confrarie quam illi qui non sunt. et qui contrafecerit soluat
bannum sol. XX. pp. postea sit minister.
77. [XVII] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO REFUSE THE DUTY OF THE
BROTHERHOOD.
In the same way, it has been decreed that each person, who is
chosen a minister of a brotherhood, should carry out his duty to
those who are of the brotherhood as well as those who are not.
And, he, who violates [the aforesaid matters], should pay twenty
solidi pp. and afterwards he should be a minister.
78. [XVIII] QUI ALIENAM CONFRARIAM INTRAUERIT IN BUGELLA TAM
QUAM ALIJ CONFRATRES SOLUERE TENEATUR.
Item statutum est quod si quis intrauerit in confrarie
alicuius terre quam de bugella. et non fuerit de confraria bugelle.
Soluat sorestano confrarie bugelle omni anno sicut illi qui sunt de
confraria.
78. [XVIII] HE WHO WOULD INTRODUCE A FOREIGN BROTHERHOOD
INTO BIELLA IS OBLIGED TO PAY AS IF THERE WERE
OTHER BROTHERS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if anyone should
enter into a brotherhood of any nation other than that of Biella
and he should not belong to a brotherhood of Biella, he should pay
an amount each year equivalent to that which he would pay as a
member of a brotherhood of Biella as those who are of the
brotherhood.
Item statutum est quod prior et sorestani ueteres teneantur et
debeant dare infra vnum menssem omnes confratres in scriptis tam
desementitos quam intratos priori et sorestanis nouis. et dare et
consignare ipsis omnia bona que haberent de confraria infra sanctum
eusebium proximum. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum sol. V. pp.
pro quoliet priore et sorestano. pro qualibet ebdomada qua steterit
post dictum terminum. Et consules teneantur per eorum sacramentum
excutere dicta banna.
79. [XVIIII] THE PENALTY FOR THE OLD OFFICIALS OF A
BROTHERHOOD WHO DO NOT CONSIGN [THE GOODS AND
THE PAPERS] TO THE NEW OFFICIALS AS THEY ARE
OBLIGED TO.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the prior and the
old brothers are obliged to and should give within one month [the
names of] all of the brothers, both those who have left and those
who remain, in writing to the new prior and brothers and to give
and consign to them all of the goods which they have belonging to
the brotherhood by the next Feast day of St. Eusebius. And, he,
who violates [this bann], should pay a fine of five solidi pp. to
each prior and brother and for each week during which he remains
[out of compliance] after the aforesaid deadline. And, the consuls
are obliged on their sworn oath to carry out the aforesaid banns.
80. [XX] QUI COMEDIT AD CONFRARIAM PUNIATUR, CUM IN EA NON
SIT RECEPTUS.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non uadat ad comedendum
ad confrariam. nisi sit de confrarie. et qui soluat confrariam.
nisi iret pro aliquo confratre habendo inde licenciam a priore uel
a sorestano suo. Et qui contrafecerit. soluat bannum pro qualibet
vice sol. V. pp. et prior. et ministralis teneantur per eorum
sacramentum accusare. et consules teneantur excutere banna et ea
dare confrarie predicte. Et quod nullus debeat cenare ad predictam
confrariam.
80. [XX] HE WHO IS WASTEFUL IN A BROTHERHOOD SHOULD BE
PUNISHED WHEN HE IS RECEIVED INTO THAT BROTHERHOOD.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person should
come to eat at a brotherhood unless he belongs to the brotherhood.
And, he should pay the brotherhood unless he goes as any other
brother having the permission from the prior or his associate.
And, he who violates [this bann], should pay a fine of five solidi
pp. for each offence and the prior and his associates are obliged
on their sworn oath to accuse. And, the consuls are obliged to
execute the fines and to give them to the aforesaid brotherhood.
And, [it is understood] that no one should dine at the aforesaid
brotherhood.
81. [XXI] PENA PRIORIS NON REDENTIS RATIONEM ET NON
RESTITUENTIS CLAUARIO INFRA TEMPUS QUOD HABUNDAT DE
PROUENTIBUS ULTRA SUMPTUS.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod prior confrarie teneatur
et debeat reddita ratione infra festum omnium sanctorum dare
soluere et restituere clauario comunis totum illud quod superauerit
de ratione confrarie sub pena et banno sol. XX. pp. et quo qualibet
ebdomada sol. X. pp. qua steterit ad faciendum rationem predictam.
que banna consules teneantur excutere per eorum sacramentum. et
clauarius teneatur reddere rationem de receptis quando reddet
rationem comunis.
81. [XXI] THE PENALTY FOR THE PRIOR WHO DOES NOT RENDER AN
ACCOUNTING AND WHO DOES NOT REIMBURSE THE TREASURY
WITHIN THE TIME WHICH HE CUSTOMARILY HAS FROM THE REVENUE
BEYOND THAT WHICH IS EXPENDED.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that the
prior of a brotherhood is obliged to and should, based on the
accounting rendered on the Feast of All Saints, give over, pay, and
restore to the Treasurer of the Commune the entire amount that
remains from the accounting of the brotherhood under a penalty and
fine of twenty solidi pp and ten solidi pp. for each week during
which he waits to render the aforesaid accounting. The consuls are
obliged to execute the fines on their sworn oath and the treasurer
is obliged to render an acounting of the receipts when he renders
the accounting of the commune.
82. [XXII] INFRA QUOD TEMPUS TENEATUR QUIS RESUMERE OFFITIUM
CONFRARIE.
Item statutum est quod quelibet persona que fuerit leuata
officialis confraire per vnum annum non possit cogi esse officialis
dicte confrarie illinc ad quinque annos.
82. [XXII] WITHIN WHAT PERIOD OF TIME SOME ONE IS OBLIGED TO
RESUME AN OFFICE IN A BROTHERHOOD.
In the same way, it has been decreed that each person who has
been raised to be an official of a brotherhood through a period of
one can not be forced to be an official of the aforesaid
brotherhood thenceforth for five years.
83. [XXIII] PENA EUNTIUM PRO PANE BENEDICTO A PARTE
SUPERIORI.
Item statutum est quod nulla persona debeat uel presumat ire
ad accipiendum panem benedictum quando benedicitur uel ordinatur
per presbiteros uel canonicos ex parte superiori descendo per
graticulas. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum pro quolibet et
qualibet uice denar. XII. pp.
83. [XXIII] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE GOING FOR BLESSED BREAD ON
BEHALF OF A SUPERIOR.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person should go
to accept Blessed Bread when it is blessed or ordained by priests
or canons descended from a higher order by small favors. And, he,
who violates [this bann], should pay a fine of twelve denarii for
each and every offence.
Item statutum est quod nulla persona debeat facere rumorem,
neque percutere. neque trahere aliquem pro solacio donec officium
celebratur. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum sol. II. pp.
84. [XXIIII] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE REPEATING GOSSIP OR
SCANDAL WHEN THE DIVINE OFFICES ARE BEING
CELEBRATED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person should
cause a rumor, strike anyone, or take anyone away for recreation
until mass has been celebrated. And, he, who violates [this bann],
should pay a fine of two solidi pp.
85. [XXV] PENA EORUM QUI NON UADUNT AD QUATUOR PSALMOS
SOLEMPNITER ORDINATOS.
Item statutum est quod quilibet dominus domus teneatur et
debeat ire ad psalmos uigilie ascensionis. sancti Marcij sancti
Mauricij. et Quirici dum fuerit uel mitere sufficientem nuncium
proprie de domo sua habendo a. XX. annis superius. et habendo primo
licenciam a consulibus de dicti. nunciis mitendis. Et qui
contrafecerit soluat pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol. II. pp. Et
officiarij teneantur contra predicta accusare.
85. [XXV] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO DO NOT GO TO THE FOUR
PSALMS WHICH HAVE BEEN SOLEMNLY ORDAINED.
In the same way, it had been decreed that any owner of a
household should be obliged to and should go to the Psalms of the
Vigil of the Ascension, St. Mark, St. Maurice, and Quiricus, while
he is [the master of the household] or to send an adequate envoy
properly from his household which he has owned for more than twenty
years and who first holds a licence from the consuls concerning the
aforesaid sending of envoys. And, he, who violates [this bann],
should pay two solidi pp. for each and every offence. And, the
officials are obliged to make accusations against the aforesaid
matters.
86. [XXVI] QUO TEMPORE RECIPIENTES RATIONEM HOSPITALIS SINT
ELIGENDI.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur eligere omni anno de
mensse maii quatuor homines ad recipiendum rationem hospitalis.
86. [XXVI] AT WHAT TIME THOSE WHO RECEIVE AN ACCOUNTING OF
THE HOSPITAL SHOULD BE CHOSEN.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls are
obliged to choose four men each year during the month of May to
receive an accounting from the hospital.
87. [XXVII] DE QUIBUS FESTIUITATIBUS NON LICET CONSULIBUS
DARE LICENTIAM LABORANDI.
Item statutum est quod consules non possint dare licentiam
laborandi In festis Beate marie. et in diebus dominicis. et In
festis appostolorum. et beati Johannis babtiste. nec in aliquo
festo principali.
87. [XXVII] CONCERNING WHICH FEAST DAYS THE CONSULS ARE NOT
ALLOWED TO GIVE PERMISSION TO WORK.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls can not
grant a dispensation to work on the Feast Days of Blessed Mary, on
Sundays, the feast days of the Apostles, St. John the Baptist, and
any other principal feast.
88. [XXVIII] CONTRACTUS QUI PER MINISTRUM ET FRATRES
HOSPITALIS SINE LICENTIA CONSULUM FIERI
PROHIBENTUR.
Item statutum est quod fratres hospitalis bugelle non possint
facere aliquos contractus a sol. XX. pp. superius. videlicet
emptiones. vendictiones. locationes. conductiones. permutationes.
et in ephiteoticos contractus. nec alios contractus nominatos sine
requisitione consulum qui pro tempore fuerint. et omnes quatuor
consules sint vna cum ipsis in contractu. Qui consules debeat
consentire de licencia credencie vel consiliij. Ac si quid in
aliquo contrafactum fuerit sit cassum. irritum et nullius valoris.
88. [XXVIII] CONTRACTS WHICH ARE ENTERED INTO BY THE
OFFICIALS AND BROTHERS OF THE HOSPITAL WITHOUT
THE PERMISSION OF THE CONSULS ARE PROHIBITED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the brothers of the
Hospital can not make any contracts for more than twenty solidi
pp., certainly not for purchases, sales, leases, hirings,
exchanges, contracts in olives, nor any other contracts named
without the involvement of the consuls, who are then in office, and
all four consuls should be in agreement with those in the contract.
Those consuls should agree concerning the licence of the Credentia
or the Council. And, if there is anything in any contract that
violates [this bann], the contract should be void, invalid, and of
no weight.
89. CONSULES VETERI SIBI FIERI FACIANT RATIONEM CONFRARIE
PER FACIUM BERTOLDANUM ET ALIOS.
Ordinatum est quod consules veteri requirant et sibi fieri
faciant rationem administrationis confrarie perfecte per facium
Bertoldanum Nicolinum de montegrando. et dominum Martinum de
Vetulis olim priores confrarie predicte. Et quod ea que habent
penes se de bonis dicte confrarie ponant in utilitatem
confraternitatis predicte.
89. THE OLD CONSULS SHOULD CAUSE AN ACCOUNTING OF THE
BROTHERHOOD TO BE MADE FOR THEM IN THE PRESENCE OF
BERTHOLD AND THE OTHERS.
It has been ordained that the old consuls should be required
to and should see to it for themselves that an accounting of the
administration of the entire brotherhood has been made in the
presence of Bertolh Nicolenus de Montegrando and the Lord Martin de
Vetulis, former priors of the aforesaid brotherhood. And, [it is
understood] that they should place the [assets] which they hold in
their possession of the goods of the aforesaid brotherhood for the
advantage of the aforesaid brotherhood.
90. [XXIX] PENA NON DANTIUM CONFRARIAM HORA TERTIE ET SE NON
PRESENTANTIUM DICTA HORA.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod confrarie et sorestani
facient pulsari canpanam pro congregandis pauperibus ante terciam
et post modum hora tercie fascient iterum pulsari dictam canpanem
Qua canpana pulsata teneantur incontinenti incipere dare et
ministrare dictam elemasinam seu confrariam in canpo et
contrafecerint soluat prior. XX. pp. pro qualibet vice et quilibet
sorestaniorum sol. X. et quilibet cui fuit aliquod offitium
deputatum se debeat hora debita pressentare in pena solidorum II.
pp. et officiales comunis teneantur per eorum Juramentum accussare
contrafacientes que banna peruenient in vtilitatem confrarie.
90. [XXIX] THE PENALTY FOR NUNS WHO DO NOT MARK THE THIRD
HOUR [WITH THE RINGING OF A BELL] AND FOR THOSE
WHO DO NOT PRESENT THEMSELVES AT THE APPOINTED HOUR.
It has been decreed and ordained that the Prior of a
brotherhood and his associates should see to it that a bell should
be rung to assemble the poor before terce and that soon after the
hour of Terce they should cause the aforesaid bell to be again
rung. After this bell has been rung, they are obliged immediately
to give and minister the aforesaid alms or brotherhood in the
courtyard. And, the prior, who violates [this bann], should pay
twenty solidi pp. for each offence and any of the brothers should
pay ten solidi pp. And, anyone, to whom any duty has been
delegated, should present himself at the appointed hour under a
penalty of two solidi pp. and the officials of the commune are
obliged on their sworn oath to accuse those violating the banns
which pertain to the advantage of the brotherhood.
91. [XXX] PENA SORESTANORUM NON SOLUENTIUM PRIORI ET PRIORIS
NON SOLUENTIS CREDITORIBUS INFRA TEMPUS.
Item statutum est quod quilibet sorestanus confrarie comunis
bugelle teneatur et debeat precisse soluere prioiri suo recipienti
nomine confrarie totam collectam sui quarterij et confrariorum
infra festum sancti Eusebij proxime uenientis. post factam dictam
confrariam siue exculserit a confratribus siue non. dummodo sint
ydonei et soluendo et qui contra fecerit soluat pro qualibet die
qua non solueret. solidos V. pp. de quibus non possit fieri gratia.
et consules teneantur per sacramentum excutere dicta banna et
consignare ad utilitatem confrarie. et prior qui pro temporibus
fuerit teneatur et debeat soluisse omnibus creditoribus quos
fecerit tempore sui prioratus. Infra exitum mensis Augusti. in
penna et banno supredictis.
91. [XXX] THE PENALTY FOR THE NUNS WHO DO NOT PAY THE PRIOR
AND FOR THE PRIOR WHO DOES NOT PAY CREDITORS
WITHIN THE APPOINTED TIME.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any associate of a
brotherhood of the commune of Biella is obliged to and should pay
to his own prior who is receiving [these funds] in the name of the
brotherhood exactly the entire amount collected from his quarter
and from his brothers within the next coming feast day of St.
Eusebius, as long as they remain current [members] by paying [their
dues] and, after the aforesaid brotherhood has been formed, [dues
must be paid] whether a person is excluded by his brothers or not.
And, he, who violates [this bann], should pay five solidi pp. for
each day on which he does not pay and a dispensation from these
matters can not be granted. And, the consuls are obliged on their
sworn oath to execute the aforesaid banns and to turn them over for
the advantage of the brotherhood. And, the prior, who is currently
in office, is obliged to and should pay [what is owed] to all of
the creditors whom he has made during his time in the office of
prior by the end of the month of August under the penalty and fines
for the aforesaid matter.
92. [XXXI] QUALITER CONSULES ET PRIOR TENEANTUR TERRAS ET
IURA CONFRARIE CONSIGNARE ET FACERE CONSIGNARI.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod consules et prior
confrarie qui fuerint pro tempore teneantur et debeant sibi facere
consignari omnes terras et possessiones et ficta et iura confrarie
infra kalendas Marcij proximi et ea poni in vno libro de cartis. et
prior et consules qui postea pro temporibus fuerint teneantur et
debeant facere examinari dictum consignamentum quando statuta
comunis examinantur omni anno. et facto consignamento consules et
prior teneantur ponere in Credentia omnia consignata in pena et
banno sol. XX. pp.
92. [XXXI] HOW THE CONSULS AND THE PRIOR ARE OBLIGED TO
CONSIGN OR CAUSE THE BONDS AND RIGHTS OF THE
BROTHERHOOD ARE TO BE CONSIGNED.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that the
consuls and prior of a brotherhood, who are in office at the time,
are obliged to and should see to it themselves that all of the
lands, possessions, dues, and rights of the brotherhood are handed
over to them within the next Kalends of March and that they are
placed in one book of documents. And, the prior and the consuls,
who will be in office afterwards, are obliged to and should see to
it that the aforesaid consignment is examined when the statutes of
the commune are examined each year. And, after the consignment has
been made, the consuls and the prior are obliged to place in the
Credentia all consigned [documents] under a penalty and bann of
twenty solidi pp.
93. [XXXII] PENA NON CONSIGNANTIUM IURA ET INSTRUMENTA
CONFRARIE INFRA TERMINUM ORDINATUM.
Item statutum est quod quilibet prior confrarie teneatur
exigere tempore sui prioratus omnes cartas que fierent ratione
confrarie et ea consignare consulibus. et consules teneantur ponere
et gubernare dicta instrumenta in scrineo comunis sicut alia
instrumenta dicti Comunis. Et qui non consignauerit ea que
tenuerit Infra tempus eis statutum ex forma cride uel denuntie.
cadat ab omni iure quod haberet in dictis terris et perueniat in
confrariam pleno iure. et ultra hoc soluat pro banno sol. LX. pp.
qui perueniant in contrariam predictam.
93. [XXXII] THE PENALTY FOR NOT CONSIGNING THE RIGHTS AND
THE INSTRUMENTS OF THE BROTHERHOOD WITHIN THE
ORDAINED TIME LIMIT.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any prior of
brotherhood is obliged to demand during the time of his term of
office as prior all of the documents which are made at the
accounting of the brotherhood and to consign them to the consuls.
And, the consuls are obliged to place and direct the aforesaid
instruments to the Archive of the Commune as the other instruments
of the commune are. And, he, who does not consign those documents
which he retains during the time period decreed for them under the
form of the public announcement and reports, falls under every law
which pprevails in the aforesaid lands and pertains to the
brotherhood in the fullness of the law. And, beyond this, he
should pay as a fine sixty solidi pp. who remains in the aforesaid
brotherhood.
124. [XXXIII] QUOCIENS ET QUOMODO TENEANTUR CONSULES
HOSPITALE FACERE VISITARI.
Item statutum est quod consules teneantur et debeant
quater in anno eligere quatuor sapientes silicet de mensse
Januarij. Marcij. Madij et Augusti qui sapientes teneantur uisitare
hospitale. et videre infirmos si qui ibi fuerint et habere
ministrum et fratres hospitalis habitantes bugelle. Et Vernati
presentes et ab ipsis inquirere et a quolibet eorum sigillatim
inquirere si in ipso hospitali procurantur pauperes et si ibi
tenetur hospitalitas et exercentur opera caritatis. et si ibi sunt
aliqua que indigeant correctione reformatione et post modum. statum
hospitalis in scriptis. redigant et tradent. consulibus comunis ut
per comune possit ipsi hospitali et ipsius vtilitatibus prouidere.
124. [XXXIII] HOW OFTEN AND IN WHAT MANNER THE CONSULS ARE
OBLIGED TO SEE TO IT THAT THE HOSPITAL ISVISITED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls are
obliged to and should four times each year choose four wise men,
certainly during the months of January, March, May, and August;
these wise men are obliged to visit the hospital and to see the
sick, if there are any who are there, and to see to it that the
minister and brothers of the hospital are living in Biella and are
present in Vernatum and to inquire of them and from each one of
them individually if the poor are taken care of in that hospital,
if hospitality is maintained there, and if works of charity are
performed there. And, [they are to investigate] whether there is
anything which they lack for correction and restoration. After the
situation [of the hospital] has been reduced to writing, they are
recorded and handed over to the consuls of the commune so that
provision can be made for the hospital and its utility by the
commune. XI. RUBRICA DE PLATIO ET ORNAMENTIS EIUS.
XI. THE RUBRIC CONCERNING THE PUBLIC SQUARE AND ITS
ADORNMENTS.
182. [I] EMENTES DIE IOUIS EXTRA PORTAS PLATIJ ALIUD QUAM
LIGAMEN.
Statutum et ordinatum est quod nulla persona debeat
emere aliquid in die iouis preter lignamen extra portas
placij. occaxione reuendendi in eadem specie. in qua
emerint. Et qui contrafecerit soluat pro quolibet et
qualibet vice sol. V. pp. Et consules teneantur inquirere.
182. [I] BUYING ANYTHING OTHER THAN WOOD OUTSIDE THE GATES
OF THE PUBLIC SQUARE ON THURSDAY.
It has been decreed and ordained that no person should
buy anything on Thursday, except for wood, outside of the
gates of the public square on the occasion of the resale of
the same kind of wood that they are buying. And he, who
violates (this bann), should pay five solidi pp. for each
and every offence. And the consuls are obliged to
investigate.
183. [II] EMENTES ET VENDENTES SALEM VEL BLADUM ALIBI QUAM
AD DOMUM COMMUNIS.
Item statutum et quod mercatum bladi. leguminorum, et
salis fiat iusta domum comunis. et in portucubus et platheis
domus ipsius communis. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum
emptor et venditor pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol. V. pp.
Excepto quod quilibet possit emere ubi voluerit secundum
quod consuetum est rpo suo proprio usu.
183. [II] [NO ONE SHOULD BE] BUYING OR SELLING SALT OR
GRAIN ANYWHERE OTHER THAN THE PALACE OF THE
COMMUNE.
In the same way, [it has been decreed] that the market
place for grain, legumes, and salt should be next to the
palace of the Commune and in the porticos and squares of the
palace of the Commune. And, the buyer and seller, who go
against (this chapter), should pay a fine of five solidi pp.
for each and every offence, with the exception that anyone
can buy where he wishes according to that which is customary
for his own personal use.
184. [III] PENA TENETIUM INTRA PLATIUM DOMOS COPERTAS DE
ALIO QUAM DE CUPIS, ET QUANDO SIT INQUIRENDUM.
Item statutem est quod aliquis homo non debeat. nec
sibi leceat facere uel tenere aliquam coperturam nisi de
cupis intra fossata placij bugelle. uel nisi de axidibus.
sub quibus axidibus non fiat ignis. Et qui contrafecerit
soluat bannum sol. XX. pp. Et consules teneantur bis in anno
querere totum burgum. et si inueniretur aliqua edificia
coperta alia re quam de cupis uel de axidibus faciant illi
comburi.
184. [III] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO WOULD MAINTAIN A
COOPERAGE IN THE PUBLIC SQUARE OF ANYTHING OTHER
THAN COPPER, AND HOW THIS MATTER SHOULD BE
INVESTIGATED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no man should
nor permit himself to construct or maintain any covered
structure iunless it is away from the fish traps within the
ditches of the palace of the Commune or unless it is away
from the building; there can be no fire [kept] within this
building. And he, who breaks (this statute), should pay a
fine of twenty solidi pp. And, the consuls are obliged
twice a year to investigate the entire town and, if they
should find any covered edifice in any other manner than
away from the fish traps or the buildings, they should see
to it that it is burned down.
185. [IV] TENENTES PALEAS VEL FRASCHAS SUPER LOBIAS
PUNIATUR SI NON FUERINT BUTUMATE.
Item statutum est quod nullus debeat ponere fenum.
paleas. frascas. neque facere ramatam frascarum. super
strayam nec super solarium quod sit super uiam placij nec
plani nisi solarium esset butumatum. Et qui contrafecerit
soluat bannum sol. XX. pp. et postea aufferat predicta.
185. [IV] KEEPING STRAW AND BRANCHES ABOVE THE UPPER FLOORS
SHOULD BE PUNISHED, IF THE (ROOFS) HAVE NOT BEEN
TARRED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one should
place hay, straw, fresh(ly cut) grass, and no one should
make a stack of freshly cut grass above a covered walkway or
in an upper story which is above the street of the Palace
and not above the street of the public square, unless the
upper story has been covered with pitch. And he, who breaks
[this bann], should pay a fine of twenty solidi and carry
away the aforesaid materials later.
186. [V] PUNIATUR PROTIENS LAPIDES SUPER TECTA.
Item statutum est quod aliquis non trahat lapides nec
aliud super mercandium. beccariam. nec calegariam. nec super
aliquam domum bugelle. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum
sol. V. pp. de die. et postea emendet dampnum.
186. [V] HE WHO THROWS STONES OVER THE ROOFS SHOULD BE
PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one may
carry stones or anything else above the market place, the
butchers' mart, the bakery, and not above any house of
Biella. And he, who breaks this [bann], should pay five
solidi pp. during the day and twenty solidi during the night
and he should reimburse the loss afterward.
187. [VI] FATIENS MONTONOS LEAMI INFRA PLATIUM OUNIATUR.
Item statutum est quod qui fecerit aliquod montonum
leami in placio a domo Jacobi sartoris infra tantum quantum
durat beccaria debeat ipsum asportasse infra VIIIo dies
postquam fecerit ipsum montonum ibi. Et qui contrafecerit
soluat bannum sol. V. pp. Qui autem fecerit monotonum leami
in aliquo alio loco placij. debeat ipsum asportasse infra.
XV. dies et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum sol. II. pp. et
consules omnes simul possint dare licenciam pro necessitate.
Ita tamen quod non fiat aliquod monyonum leami a macello
usque ad domum Jacobi sub banno sol. V. pp. nec inde possit
haberi licencia nisi standi per octo dies videlicet a domo
Johannini Vcelle et furno alberti boserij. usque ad domum
Jacobi Judei ab utraque parte. Et consules tenantur
inquirere si eis fuerit denuntiatum.
187. [VI] HE WHO PERMITS `MONTONOS LEAMI' WITHIN THE PUBLIC
SQUARE SHOULD BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he, who has
caused any montonum leami (industrial or personal waste?) in
the public square from the home of James the Tailor as far
as the Butchers' Mart extends, should remove that material
within eight days after he had caused it to be there. And
he, who breaks [this bann], should pay a fine of five
solidi. However, he, who causes montonum leami in any other
place in the public square, should remove it within fifteen
days. And, he, who violates [this bann], should pay a fine
of two solidi and all of the Consuls should give permission
at the same time out of necessity.
Nevertheless, [it is understood] that no montonum leami
should be caused from the food market to the home of Jacob
under a penalty of five solidi pp. and no permission should
be granted, unless it remains [in force] throughout a period
of eight days from the home of Johanninus ucelle and the
baker's oven of Albertus Borserius to the home of Jacob the
Jew on each side [of the street]. And, the Consuls are
obliged to investigate, if a denunciation has been made to
them.
188. [VII] FATIENS SOZIURAS INTRA PLATIUM PUNIATUR.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non debeat facere
aliquam sociurum in portucubus. uel platheis. vel in uiis
publici a domo Jacobi iudei usque ad domum heredum quondam
petri passalaque. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum pro
quolibet et qualibet uice sol. quinque. pp.
188. [VII] HE, WHO PERMITS WINDLASSES WITHIN THE PUBLIC
SQUARE, SHOULD BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person
should construct any windlasses in the porticos, squares, or
public roads from the home of Jacob the Jew to the home of
the heirs of a certain Peter Passalaque. And he, who breaks
[this bann], should pay a fine of five solidi pp. for each
and every offence.
189. NON LICET SBOGIARE MENUTA TEMPORE ET LOCIS
INTERDICTIS.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non debeat nec ei
liceat sbogiare aliqua menuta a domo Jacobi sartoris. usque
ad palacium comunis iuxta putheum. extra domos nec in vijs
pubblicis a ramis palmarum. usque ad sanctam Martinum. Et
qui contrafecerit soluat pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol.
quinque pp.
189. NO ONE IS PERMITTED TO ERECT VENDORS' STALLS AT A
FORBIDDEN TIME AND PLACE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one should
permit any merchant's stall to be built from the home of
James the Tailor to the Palace of the Commune next to the
cess pool, outside of the houses, nor on the public roadways
from the banches of the palms to Saint Martin's. And he,
who violates [this bann], should pay five solidi for each
and every offence.
190. [VIII] BATANTES BLADUM SUPER PALATIUM PUNIANTUR.
Item statutum est quod nullus possit nec presumat
batere bladere aliquod. nec aliquam rem aliam super Palacium
comunis. sub banno sol. V. pp. Et consules super hoc non
possint dare licenciam.
190. [VIII] THOSE WHO THREASH GRAIN IN AND ABOUT THE PUBLIC
SQUARE SHOULD BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one should
presume to thresh any grain or anything else in front of the
Palace of the Commune under a penalty of five solidi pp.
And the consuls can not give permission concerning this.
191. [VIIII] AD PLATHEAM COMUNIS ALIUD QUAM BLADUS QUIS
PONERE VEL VENDERE NON PRESUMAT.
Item statutum est quod nulla persona ponat in plathea
noua Palacij nec super muros aliquid nisi bladum et sal in
sacis. Et qui contrafecerit soluat pro qualibet uice sol.
quinque. pp.
191. [VIIII] NO ONE SHOULD DARE TO PLACE OR SELL ANYTHING
OTHER THAN GRAIN IN THE PUBLIC SQUARE OF THE
COMMUNE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person
should place anything other than grain or salt in sacks in
the public square of the new palace or atop the walls. And
he, who violates [this bann], should pay five solidi pp. for
each offence.
192. [X] PUNIATUR NON HABENS SUFITIENTES CANALES IN PLATIO
SUPER PORTICUS INTRA DOMOS.
Item statutum est quod omnes homines de placio habentes
domos a porta toratie usque ad portam uersus uernatum ab
vtraque parte. Et a porta uersus uernatum usque ad portem
glarie. et a porta glarie usque ad portem toracie vbi sunt
uie publice et habitentes In eis teneantur tenere bonas
canales Inter unam domum et aliam. tales et ita bonas quod
pluuie non possint In porticubus pluere. et explanare rianas
seu solare eas. et tenere copertas et planas ad modum
porthycorum In pena et banno sol. XX. pp. quas canales et
explanationes seu solaturas et coperturas fecisse teneantur.
Infra exitum proximi menssis magij sub pena predicta. Et
consules non possint dare licenciam. Et quod nullus possit
tenere pertichas supra pontes Rugie placij buggelle sub pena
predicta.
192. [X] THOSE WHO DO NOT HAVE SUFFICIENT GUTTERS ABOVE
THE PORTICOS BETWEEN THE HOMES IN THE SQUARE
SHOULD BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that all men who
have homes from the public square from the gate of Toraria
to the gate opposite Vernatum to the Gate of Glaria, and
from the Gate of Glaria to the Gate of Toracia where the
public roads are and those who live in them, are obliged to
maintain good gutters between one home and the other. They
must be of such [construction] and so good that the rains
can not flow into the porticos; [the residents of this area
are also obliged] to widen the gutters or to empty them [of
refuse] and to keep thme clear in the manner of a porthycum
under the penalty or fine of twenty solidi pp. [It is
understood] that they are obliged to see to it that these
ditches, widenings, emptings, or cleansings have been
completed by the end of the next month of May under the
aforesaid penalty. And, the consuls can not give a
dispensation. And, it is understood that no one can keep
tavern poles over the bridges over Rugia of the Palace of
Biella under the aforesaid penalty.
193. [XI] PENA DANTIUM DAMPNUM IN FOSSATIS DUCENDO AQUAM.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non ducat vel
ducij faciat aquam ad aliquam suam possessionem que cadat de
ducibus uel dampnum faciat in fossatis et qui contra fecerit
soluat pro quolibet et qualibet vice sol. X. pp. et teneatur
emadare dampnum et vacuare fossatum et possit quilibet
acusare.
193. [XI] THE PENALTY FOR CAUSING DAMAGE IN THE DITCHES
THAT DRAW WATER.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person may
convey or cause any water to be conveyed to any of his
possessions which falls from the watercourse or which causes
damage in the ditches; and he, who violates [this bann]
should pay ten solidi pp. for each and every offence. And,
he is obliged to make good any loss and to empty the ditch.
And, anyone can accuse.
194. [XII] PENA EMENTIUM DIEBUS FORI ALIQUID EXTRA PORTAS.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod aliqua persona non
possit nec ualeat emere nec emi facere aliquam merchandiam.
.......................extra portas plani nec extra portam
uernati contiguam cum placio preter lignamen. in die Jouis
nec in die dominica. et qui contra fecerit soluat pro
quolibet et qualibet uice sol. X. pp.
194. [XII] THE PENALTY FOR BUYING ANTHING OUTSIDE OF THE
GATES ON MARKET DAYS.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that
no person can nor may bee able to sell or cause any
merchandise to be bought....(a bank space here)....outside
of the gates of the public square nor outside of the nearby
gate of Vernatum and the marketplace with the exception of
wood on Thursday and Sunday. And he, who violates [this
bann], should pay ten solidi pp. for each and every offence.
195. [XIII] NON FIAT ENORME VEL TURPE AD PLATHEAM UBI
CONSULES COMORANTUR.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod aliqua persona non
debeat facere aliquam sulzuram nec bestias excoriare nec
scanare nec etiam applicare nec applicatas tenere nec coria
super bancis tenere in plathea merchandie a riana becarrie
usque ad stadias ubi redditur ius per dominum episcopum. et
qui contra fecerit soluat bannum pro quolibet et qualibet
uice. sol. V.
195. [XIII] NOTHING WHICH DEFILES OR IS FILTHY SHOULD APPEAR
IN THE PUBLIC SQUARE WHERE THE CONSULS ARE
CONDUCTING (DAY TO DAY BUSINESS.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that
no person can make any sausage, nor skin animals or scald
them, nor butcher them, or keep butchered animals, or keep
entrails on tables in the market square from the ditch of
the Butchers' Mart to the areas where justice is meted out
by the Lord Bishop. And he, who violates [this bann],
should pay a fine of five solidi for each and every offence.
[XIIII] DUCENS BESTIAS DE BASTO VEL PLAUSTRA PER
PORTICHOS PLATIJ PUNIATUR.
(Hoc cap. suo loco in textu deest.)
[XIIII] LEADING ANIMALS WITH A STAFF OR WAGONS THROUGH
THE PORTICOS OF THE PUBLIC SQUARE SHOULD BE
PUNISHED.
(This chapter is not found in its own place in the
text.)
XII. RUBRICA DE PLATIO, PLANO ET FORTELICIJS EORUNDEM.
XII. THE RUBRIC CONCERNING THE PUBLIC SQUARE, THE OPEN
LAND, AND THEIR DEFENCES.
196. [I] QUOMODO QUIS TENEATUR FORTILITIAS COMUNIS FACTAS IN
SUO MANUTENERE.
Statutum et ordinatum est quelibet teneatur et debeat
manutenere et custodire sepem et palencatum factum super
terram suam per comune circa placium et planum suis
expenssis secundum quod fuerint ei consignata per consules.
nisi bene sciret ostendere qui ipsas deuorasset. uel
asportasset. uel nisi faceret notum consulibus quando essent
sice uel marcide.
196. [I] HOW A PERSON IS OBLIGED TO MAINTAIN THE COMMUNAL
DEFENCES WHICH HAVE BEEN CONSTRUCTED ON HIS LAND.
It is decreed and ordained that each person is obliged
to and should maintain and guard any wall and palisade
constructed on his land by the commune around the public
square and the open area at his own expense with regard to
those walls assigned to him by the consuls, unless he knows
well enough to point out those who have destroyed or carried
them away or unless he makes known to the consuls when they
were weakened or in a particular condition.
197. [II] NON EUELLAT QUIS TERMINOS FOSSATORUM POSITOS PER
COMUNE.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non debeat
arrancere uel strepare terminos positos per comune bugelle
circa fossata placij et plani uel alio quocumque loco ubi
positi fuerint per nuntios comunis. Et qui contrafecerit
soluat pro quolibet et qualibet uive sol. XX. pp.
197. [II] NO ONE SHOULD REMOVE THE BOUNDARY MARKERS OF THE
DITCHES WHICH HAVE BEEN PLACED BY THE COMMUNE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person
should remove or cut down the boundary markers placed by the
Commune of Biella around the ditches of the public square
and the open place or any other place where they have been
placed by the agents of the Commune. And he, who breaks
[this bann] should pay ywenty solidi pp. for each and every
offence.
198. [III] PUNIATUR QUI NON DENUNTIAT QUANDO IUXTA SUUM
COMUNIS TERMINUS EST EUULSUS.
Item statutum est quod omnes et singuli homines debeant
denunciare consulibus bugelle infra VIIIo dies si fuerit
arrancatus aliquis terminus comunis sicilet ille super quem
territorium fuerit arrancatus. siue habitans ibidem. Et qui
contrafecerit soluat bannum sol. V. pp.
198. [III] HE SHOULD BE PUNISHED WHO DOES NOT REPORT WHEN
SOMEONE HAS REMOVED THE BOUNDARY MARKERS OF THE
DITCHES NEAR HIS PROPERTY.
In the same way, it has been decreed that each and
every man should report to the consuls of Biella within
eight days, if any boundary marker of the commune --
certainly one which is on his property or where he is living
-- has been cut down. And he, who violates [this statute],
should pay a fine of five solidi pp.
199. [IIII] CAUANS ET INCIDENS A TERMINIS USQUE IN FUNDUM
FOSSATI.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non debeat
cauare. nec sappare. nec cexias talliare a predictis
terminis. usque in fundum fossati. Et qui contra fecerit
soluat pro quolibet et qualibet vice sol. V. pp. nisi ille
qui voluerit Incidere cexiam super suum prius plantauerit
spinatas duas. et eas alleuauerit infra quinque annos
scilicet unam predictarum spinatarum circa medium. et aliam
in capite extra terminos. Et consules teneantur bis in anno
facere inquiri predicta per IIIIor officiarios. et si
inuenirent aliquid factum contra predicta. teneantur
excutere predicta banna.
199. [IIII] HE WHO DIGS UP OR CUTS AWAY THE BOUNDARY MARKERS
TO THE BOTTOM OF A DITCH [SHOULD BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person
should excavate, take away, or cut away any turf from the
aforesaid boundary markers to the bottom of the ditch. And
he, who violates [this statute], should pay five solidi pp.
for each and every offence, unless he, who wishes to cut
away the turf on his own land, has first planted two thorn
bushes and he shall tend them for five years -- certainly
one of the thorn bushes [should be planted] at the mid point
and the other at the top of the ditch outside of the
markers. And the consuls are obliged to inquire about the
aforesaid matters twice a year through four of his
officials, and, if they should find that anthing has been
done in violation of the aforesaid (statutes), they are
obliged to execute the aforesaid fines.
200. [V] BANNUM BATENTIUM PELLITIAS ET PELLES IN PORTICUBUS
UEL PLATHEIS.
Item statutum est est quod aliqua persona non debeat
batere aliquam pelliciam uel pellicias vel aliquod pilum in
aliquibus portucubus uel uiis publicis placij uel plani. Et
qui contrafecerit soluat pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol.
V. pp. Et consules non possint dare licenciam.
200. [V] THE BAN AGAINST THOSE WHO BEAT PELISSES AND PELTS
IN THE PORTICOS AND PUBLIC SQUARES.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person
should "dress" any hide or hides or any skin in any porticos
or public roadways, the public square, or open spaces. And
he, who violates [this statute], should pay five solidi pp.
for each and every offence. And the consuls can not grant
an exemption.
201. [VI] PENA TENENTIUM TRABES IN UIJS PUBLICIS ULTRA
ANNUM.
Item statutum est quod nullus de bugella debeat tenere
trabes aliquas per platheas placij vel plani bugelle ultra
annum unum. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum sol. XX. pp.
Et si aliquis conqueretur quod aliqua trabs ei noceret. quod
consules teneantur dictas trabes facere aufferri infra octo
dies.
201. [VI] THE PENALTY FOR KEEPING WOODEN BEAMS ON THE PUBLIC
ROADS FOR MORE THAN A YEAR.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one from
Biella should keep any timber along the streets of the
public squares or in the ope places of Biella for more than
one year. And he, who violates [this bann], should pay a
fine of twenty solidi pp. And, if anyone complains that
some lumber has caused him damage, [it is understood] that
the consuls are obliged to cause the lumber to be removed
within eight days.
202. [VII] IN DIE IOUIS ALIBI QUAM SUB TECTO COMUNISQUIS
VENDERE NON PRESUMAT.
Item statutum est quod non possit uendere salem in die
iouis in portucubus. nec super communi. nec in platheis nisi
ubi est saleria comunis sub tecto mercandie. Et qui
contrafecerit soluat pro qualibet uice sol. XX. pp. nisi
esset mercator de foris qui uenderet ipsam salem in saco ad
quartaro. et a quartarono supra. et consules non possint
dare licentiam set tenentur inquirere.
202. [VII] ON THURSDAY, NO ONE SHOULD DARE TO SELL ANYTHING
IN ANY PLACE OTHER THAN UNDER THE ROOF OF THE
COMMUNE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person can
sell salt on Thursday in the porticos, in the commune, or in
the market places unless it is where the salt shops are
under the roof of the market (warehouse). And he, who
violates [this bann], should pay twenty solidi for each and
every offence, unless it is a foreign merchant who sells the
salt in the amount of a quarter bushel or from a quarter
pound as above. And, the consuls can not grant a
dispensation, but they are required to investigate.
203. [VIII] QUI CAUAT PER PERTICAM UNAM PROPE APALENCATO.
Item statutum est quod nullus homo debeat uel presumat
cauare uel sapare justa palencatum plani prope ipsum una
pertica a parte uerssus planum. Et qui contrafecerit soluat
bannum X pp. et illud quod ibi esset plantatum destruatur.
203. [VIII] THAT NO ONE SHOULD EXCAVATE CLOSER THAN ONE
`PERTICO' TO THE DEFENCES OF THE OPEN SPACES.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no man should
or should presume to excavate or dig near the walls
(fortifications) of the open area nearer than one pertica
from the side facing the open place. And he, who violates
[this bann], should pay a fine of ten solidi pp. and that
which has been planted there should be destroyed.
204. [VIIII] QUI TRANSIT CLAUSURAS UEL PALENCHATA PUBLICA
PUNIATUR.
Item statutum est quod si qua persona transsiuerit
ultra palencata siue claussuras soluat bannum sol. XX. pp.
de die. et de nocte sol. XL. pro qualibet uice. Et quilibet
posit accussare.
204. [VIIII] HE WHO CROSSES THE ENCLOSED FORTIFICATIONS OR
THE PUBLIC DEFENCES SHOULD BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if any
person goes beyond the walls or enclosures, he should pay a
fine of twenty solidi during the day and forty at night for
each offence. And, anyone can accuse.
205. [X] IN UIJS PUBLICIS LEAMUM QUIS FACERE NON PRESUMAT.
Item statutum est quod nullus debeat ponere stamum in
viis publicis caussa facienda leamum. Et qui contrafecerit
soluat bannum sol. X. et quod consules teneantur inquirere
quoties fuerit eis denuntiatum. uel ad eorum peruenerit
noticiam.
205. [X] NO ONE SHOULD DARE TO CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE PUBLIC
ROADS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one can
put straw in the public streets for the sake of making
leamum (lime?). And he, who violates [this bann], should
pay a fine of ten solidi and [it is understood] that the
consuls are obliged to investigate as many times as this is
reported to them or that it was brought to their attention.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona habitens in
bugella non debeat ponere fenum uel peleas in alqua domo per
XV. pedes nec paliare prope domum ubi fiat ignis nec prope
uiam publicam per X pedes. Et qui contrafecerit soluat pro
quolibet et qualibet vice sol. XX. Et nichilhominus teneatur
dictas paleas et fenum asportare. Et consules teneantur
inquirere et recercare et Inquiri et recercari facere
quocienscumque eis denuntiatum fuerit.
206. [XI] THOSE WHO CARRY HAY OR STRAW NEXT TO THEIR HOMES
OR THE PUBLIC ROADS SHOULD BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any person
living in Biella should not store hay or straw (for horses)
within fifteen pertica or to enclose it with a fence near a
home where fire is kept or nearer than ten pertica to a
public road. And, it should not be stored in the middle of
a wall unless it is for the sake of making a base [for
further construction]. And he is nonetheless obliged to
remove the aforesaid hay and wood litter. And, the consuls
are obliged to investigate and search for [this straw] and
to see to it that each and every report made to them is
investigated and looked into.
207. [XII] PENA ASCENDENTIUM PLAUSTRA PER TERRAM UEL BESTIAS
SINE FRENO.
Item statutum est quod nullus qui ducat boues cum
plaustro nec cum aliqua alia re quousque exiuerit burgum
debeat ascendere plaustrum nec etiam aliqua alia persona
debeat ascendere equam mulam ne aliquam aliam bestiam nisi
habeat frenum uel bretolam In ore et hoc intelligatur tantum
de die. Et qui contrafecerit soluat prop quolibet et
qualibet vice sol. II. pp. videlicet a kalendis maij. usque
ad festum sancte marie de septembre.
207. [XII] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO CLIMB OVER ENCLOSURES
THROUGHOUT THE LAND OR [ALLOW THEIR] ANIMALS [TO
DO SO] WITHOUT A BRIDLE.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one, who
leads oxen with a wagon nor with any such vehicle with which
he might leave the city, should not mount his horse or mule
or any other animal unless he should have a bit or harness
in its mouth. And it is understood that this is done only
during the day. And he, who violates [this bann],should pay
two solidipp. for each and every offence, certainly from the
month of May to the Feast of St. Mary in September (Sept.
8).
208. [XIII] NON DEBET CANEUA INTRA FOSSATA TERRE PUBLICA
ADAQUARI.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non debeat
adaquare caneuam In fossatis bugelle nec intra locum bugelle
habitatum et qui contrafecerit soluat sol. V. pp. et
consules non possint dare licentiam.
208. [XIII] NO ONE SHOULD DARE TO PLACE A DRAIN IN THE
DITCHES OF A PUBLIC ROAD.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one should
fill in the excavations in the ditches of Biella or within
the inhabited areas of Biella and he, who violates [this
bann], should pay five solidi pp. and the consuls can not
grant a dispensation.
209. [XIIII] TENENTES AQUAROLIA SEU DE LOBIJS AQUAM
PROICIENTES.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non debeat tenere
aliquod aquarolium cadens in vias pubblicas. et quod aliqua
persona non debeat proicere aquas in lobijs siue solarijs in
uias publicas nec in portucubus. Et qui contrafecerit
soluat bannumsol. quinque. et quisque possit accussre et
consules non possint dare licentiam.
209. [XIIII] THOSE WHO KEEP DRAINS (OR SINKS) OR WHO HURL
WATER FROM THEIR UPPER STORIES [SHOULD BE
PUNISHED].
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person
should permit any wastewater to continue to fall onto the
public roadways. And, [it is understood] that no one should
throw water from balconies or upper stories onto the public
roads or onto the porticos. And he, who violates [this
bann], should pay a fine of five solidi pp.; anyone can
accuse and the consuls can not give a dispensation.
210. [XV] DECOQUENTES FECIAS INTRA TERMINOS ORDINATOS.
Item statutum est quod nullus debeat facere dequoqui
fecias intra locum bugelle habitatum nec citra canales
garelle nec citra sanctum blaxium. nec per tantum spacium
prope bugellam. Et qui contrafecerit soluat sol. XX. pp. et
consules non possint dare licentiam silicet pro qualibet die
qua decoquerit fecias uel decoqui fecerit soluat predictum
bannum.
210. [XV] THOSE WHO SCATTER FECAL MATTER BEYOND THE ORDAINED
LIMITS [SHOULD BE PUNISHED].
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one should
cause excrement to be scattered within any inhabited area of
Biella and certainly not into the canals of the Garelle nor
in front of St. Blaxium or throughout the entire area near
Biella. And he, who violates [this bann], should pay twenty
solidi pp. and the consuls can not grant a dispensation;
and, he should certainly pay the aforesaid fine for the day
on which he scattered the excrement or caused it to be
scattered.
211. [XVI] TENENTES AGNELLOS TEMPORE INTERDICTO.
Item statutum est quod nullus debeat tenere nec
alleuare agnellum nec agnellos in plano nec in placio a
pasca resurrectionis usque ad festum Sancti Michaelis. ultra
octo dies et qui contra fecerit soluat bannum sol. V. pp. et
consules non possint dare licenciam.
211. [XVI] THOSE WHO KEEP LAMBS DURING THE FORBIDDEN TIME
[SHOULD BE PUNISHED].
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one should
keep or raise any female or male lambs for more than eight
days in the open area or in the public square from the Eve
of the Resurrection until the Feast of St. Michael (Sept.
29). And he, who breaks [this bann], should pay a fine of
five solidi pp. and the consuls can not grant a
dispensation.
212. [XVII] INTRA CLAUSURAS TENTENTES SALICES CONTRA FORMAM.
Item statutum est et ordinatum quod aliqua persona non
possit nec debeat tenere nec alleuare aliquas salices intra
clausuram plani uel placij nisi scaluata et strumpata
fuerint omni anno. et qui contrafecerit soluat pro quolibet
et qualibet uice sol. X. pp.
212. [XVII] THOSE WHO KEEP WILLOWS WITHIN THEIR ENCLOSURES
AGAINST THE FORM [SHOULD BE PUNISHED].
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that
no one should keep or raise any willows between the walls of
the open area or the public square unless they will have
been trimmed or burned throughout the year. And he, who
violates [this bann], should twenty solidi pp. as a fine for
each and every offence.
213-218. [XVIII] DANTES DAMPNUM IN FOSSATIS ET TERRAGIJS
QUALITER PUNIANTUR.
Item statutum est quod nullus debeat a terminis positis
pro diffiniendis terris et possessionibus singularium
hominum de bugella a fossatis et terragnijs fossatorum plani
bugelle. usque ad maxeriam et a maxeria usque in fundo
fosati a parte exteriori. cauare sapare plantare claudere
nec aliquas arbores uel plantas tenere. nec alleuare. nec
maxeriam uel spinatam destruere uel guastare. nec ipsas
transire. nec lapides fossatorum asportare. nec in ipsis
fossatis tenere duces nec aquarolios nec canales ponere nec
poni facere nec tenere nec aliquid de nouo quod peioret uel
deuastet ipsa fossata uel fortilitias facere. Et qui
contrafecerit in aliquo predictorum soluat bannum pro
quolibet et qualibet vice sol. LX. pp. et quilibet possit
accusare et denuntiare priuatim et palem. et tenere
denuntiatores et accusatores priuatos. et habeat terciam
partem banni acusator et denuntiator. et de quo banno nulla
possit fieri gracia. et consules teneantur inquirere si eis
fuerit denuntiatum. et quod non possit poni in credentia
quod dictum statutum dispensetur. et camparij camporum et
vinearum teneanur omni mense semel perquirere totum
fossatum. et maxeria spinatas et fortilicias si factum
fuerit aliquid noui contra predictum statutum. et illud quod
invenissent factum accusare et denuntiare consulibus Et
consules non possint dare licenciam.
213-218. [XVIII-XXII] THOSE WHO CAUSE DAMAGE IN THE DITCHES
AND TERRACES SHOULD BE EQUALLY
PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, from the
boundary markers placed for the purpose of marking off the
land and possessions of each and every man of Biella from
the ditches and the "reclaimed" lands of the ditches of the
open area of Biella to the maxeria (hospital or tenements)
and from the maxeria all the way to the bottom of the ditch
from the outside edge, no one should hollow out, excavate,
cover, keep or raise trees or plants, lay waste to or
destroy thickets or thorn bushes, or transport or remove the
stones from the ditches; and, no one should keep any devices
(for drawing water) in the ditches, nor place or cause water
pipe or drains pipes to be placed or maintained in the
ditches, nor rebuild anything which might block or damage
those ditches or fortifications. And he, who violates [this
bann], in any one of the aforesaid instances, should pay a
fine of 60 solidi pp. for each and every offence. And,
anyone can accuse and denounce privately and publically and
the communal officials are obliged to keep the denouncers
and accusers confidential. And, the accuser or denouncer
should have a third of the fine. And, concerning that fine,
no remission can be granted and the consuls are obliged to
investigate if someone is reported to them. And, [it is
understood] that a [legal motion] that the aforesaid statute
be set aside can not be brought forth in the Credencia.
And, the camparii of the fields and vineyards are obliged to
investigate the entire moat thoroughly on a monthly basis.
And, they are to inspect thickets, thorn bushes, and
fortifications to determine whether anything against the
aforesaid statute has been constructed. And, [it is
understood] that they should accuse and report to the
consuls that which they have found to have been constructed
there. And, the consuls can not grant a dispensation.
214.
Item statum est quod aliqua persona de bugella uel
aliunde undecunque sit non audeat uel presumat exportare uel
exportari facere aliquos lapides de fossatis plani bugelle.
nec de terragnio dictorum fossatorum. et qui contrafecerit
soluat pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol. XX. pp. et
quilibet possit accusare et consules teneantur inquirere
quocienscunque ad eorum peruenerit notitiam uel fuerit
denuntiatum.
214.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person
from Biella or for wherever else he might be should dare nor
presume to export or cause to be exported or cause any of
the stones from the level area of Biella to be carried off,
nor from the earthen embankments of the aforesaid ditches.
And he, who violates [this bann], should pay a fine of 20
solidi pp. for each and every offence. And, anyone can
accuse and the consuls are obliged to investigate
whomesoever comes to their attention or who has been
denounced.
215.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod aliqua persona non
audeat uel presumat pascare nec pasculari facere a capite
palencati uel macerie fosati usque in profundum ab utroque
lattere. nec herbam seare nec spinatam incidere arranchare
seu deteriorare nec ipsum fossatum transire. et qui contra
fecerit soluat prop quolibet et qualibet uice sol. XX. die.
et sol. XL. de nocte. et quilibet possit accusare et
consules teneantur inquirere. et habeat terciam partem
banni.
215.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that
no person should dare or presume to graze animals or cause
them to be grazed on the open tops or scrub-covered areas at
the top of the ditch to the bottom on either side. Nor is
(anyone permitted) to harvest hay or to cut down, hack away
at, or damage the thorn bushes, or to cross over the ditch
itself. And he, who violates [this bann], should pay twentu
solidi pp. during the day and forty at night for each and
every offence. And, anyone can accuse and the consuls are
obliged to investigate; and he(, who accuses,) may have a
third of the fine.
216.
Item statutum est quod qui sapauerit. arronchauerit uel
splanauerit seu clauderit ultra terminos possitos ad
terralium fossatorum bugelle soluat pro quolibet et qualibet
uice sol. LX. pp.
216.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he, who digs,
hacks away at, fills in (or levels), or closes up the
ditches beyond the limits placed at the earthworks of the
ditches of Biella should pay forty solidi pp. for each and
every offence.
217.
Item statutum est quod qui transiuerit fossata seu
spinatam uel fortilitias plani et placij aliunde quam per
portas pubblicas soluat pro quolibet et qualibet uice. sol.
LX. et consules teneantur inquirere quociens fuerit eis
denuntiatum. et quilibet possit accusare et denuntiare. et
teneantur priuati et habeant tertiam partem banni.
217.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he, who goes
forth from the ditches, thorn barrier, or fortifications of
the level areas and the public square in any other way than
through the public gates, should pay a fine of sixty solidi
for each and every offence. And, the consuls are obliged to
investigate as often as anyone is denounced to them. And,
any one can accuse and denounce and they are obliged to be
kept confidential and they may have a third of the fine.
218.
Item statutum est quod nulla persona debeat uel
presumat transire nec aliquod dampnum facere in muris
fortiliciarum. placij et plani. comunis bugelle in pena et
banno librarum X. pp. pro quolibet et qualibet vice et ultra
ad arbitrium consulum et communis. qualitate persone et
enormitate delicti. diligenter inspecta.
Item quod quociescunque ortum fuerit.
218.
In the same way, It has been decreed that no person
should or should presume to cross over or cause any damage
to the walls of the fortifications, the public square, and
the level places of the Commune of Biella under a penalty
and fine of ten pounds pp. for each and every offence and
more at the decision of the consuls and the Commune, once
the station of the person and the enormity of the offence
has been diligently considered.
In the same way, [it is understood] that [the law will
be enforced] as often as this happens.
219. [XIX] NON SINT IN PLANO BANCHA UEL TRABES ULTRA
COLUMPNAS.
Item quod aliqua persona non faciat aliquod monotinum
leami nec tenere bancha uel trabes extra collumpnas a putheo
neacani usque ad domum galuagni bertoldani et a campanili
sancti stephani usque ad domum Johannis borgesij. et qui
contra fecerit soluat pro qualibet uice sol. X. pp. et
consules non possint dare licentiam.
219. [XIX] BRANCHES AND BEAMS SHOULD NOT BE EXTENDED INTO
THE OPEN PLACES BEYOND THE COLUMNS.
In the same way, [it is understood] that no one can
make any waste matter or keep any benches or boards outside
of the columns of the cesspool of Necanum all of the way to
the home of Galuagnus Bertoldanus and from the bell tower of
St. Stephen to the house of John Borgesius. And he, who
goes against [this bann], should pay twenty solidi pp. for
each offence and the consuls can not grant a dispensation.
220. [XX] SICANTES BLADUM IN DOMIBUS PALEATIS.
Item quod aliqua personal de bugella non audeat sicare
nec sicari facere aliquod bladum in domibus uel caxinis que
non sint cohoperte de cupis. et qui contra fecerit soluat
pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol. XX. pp.
220. [XX] CUTTING GRAIN IN THE HOUSEHOLDS FOR HAY.
In the same way, [it is understood] that no one from
Biella should store or cause any grain which has not been
spread out from its bundles to be stored in the households
or casements. And he, who violates [this bann], should pay
twenty solidi pp. for each and every offence.
221. PENA FACIENTIUM SOCURAM PROPE PORTAS.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non audeat uel
presumat facere aliquam socuram uel fetorem nec afaytamentum
seu calnarium nec aselare uel urinam facere prope portas
publicas plani et placij. a parte exteriori nec interiori
per sex perticas et qui contra fecerit soluat pro quolibet
et qualibet vice. sol. V. et quilibet possit accusare
pubblice et privatim.
221. THE PENALTY FOR URINATING NEAR THE GATES.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no one should
dare to or presume to cause garbage, dung, (organic) waste
matter, lime waste, or metal waste, or to urinate near the
gates of the open area and the public square from the inside
or the outside (of those gates) for a distance of six
perticas. And he, who violates [this bann], should pay five
solidi for each and every offence and anyone can accuse
publically or in private.
222-223. PENA HABENTIUM DOMUM COPERTAM DE PALEIS IN LOCIS
INTERDICTIS.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non possit nec
debeat facere aliquam domum uel casinam copertam de paleas a
porta ripe usque ad portam ronciliasci prope viam pubblicam
per XV. pedes. et illi qui modo habent copertas de paleis
teneantur paleas exportasse infra festum sanctio Eusebij
proxmimi. et qui contrafecerit soluat pro qualibet vice qua
accusatus fuerit dol. XX. et pro qualibet edomada qua
teneret postea sol. X. et consules tenenantur inquirere
quociens fuerit eis denuntiatum vel ad eorum aurem
pervenerit.
Item eodem modo prout in precedenti proximo statuto
continetur statutum est ut debeat de cetero in omnibus
obseruari a plathea de roere usque ad putheum bonini de
barbo et a dicta plathea de roere usque ad domum albertini
Marte super viam qua itur in planum. et eodem modo seruari
debeat iusta quamlibet viam publicam et vicinalis tocius
plani.
222-223. THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO HAVE A SHED ROOFED WITH
STRAW IN FORBIDDEN PLACES.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person can
nor should construct any home or shed roofed with straw from
the gate of the river bank to the gate of Roncelascum near
the public road for a distance of fifteen feet. And those
who only have buildings roofed with straw are obliged to
remove the straw by the next feast day of St. Eusebius and
he, who violates [this bann], should pay twenty solidi for
each offence that he has been accused of and ten solidi for
each week therafter during which it remains. And, the
consuls are obliged to investigate as often as it has been
reported to them or that it reaches their ears.
(This chapter was added after 1245.) In the same way
and in the same manner in accordance with that which is
contained in the nearest proceeding chapter, it is decreed
that [this chapter] should be observed henceforth in all
circumstances from the public square of Roera to the cess
pool of Boninus de Barbo and from the aforesaid public
square of Roera to the home of Albertinus Marta alongside
the road which is the route to Planum. And, in the same
manner, [this chapter] should be enforced along any public
road and in the vicinity of the entire open country.
XIII. RUBRICA DE MENSURIS ET SALUTATE.
XIII. THE RUBRIC CONCERNING MEASURES AND SURETY.
224. [I] QUID CAPERE DEBENT ASSOMATORES ET QUID IPSI ET
CONSULES PRO MOLENDINIS HABERE DEBENT.
Statutum est quod assomatores menssurarum habeant pro
assomatura de cebra sestario. statera marcho. denar. II. pro
qualibet et de qualibet alia menssura. denar. I. et quod
consules assomatores et officiales pro signatura sol. V. a
quolibet molendino et de denariis dictorum molendinorum
habeant consules sol. XX. asomatores sol. VIIII. et notarius
et seruitores. sol. VI.
224. [I] WHAT THE INSPECTORS SHOULD TAKE AND WHAT THEY AND
THE CONSULS SHOULD HAVE FROM THE MILLERS.
It has been decreed that the Inspectors of the Measures
should have for their inspections two denarii pp. for each
sester de cebro and standard balance and one denarius for
all other measures and [it is understood] that consuls,
inspectors, and officials should receive five solidi from
each miller for a signature and from the denarii of the
aforesaid millers, the consuls should receive twenty solidi,
inspectors nine, and the notaries and servants six solidi.
225. [II] QUI TENEANTUR FACERE SALUITATEM.
Item statutum est quod omnis molinarius ferrarius et
testor et quilibet alyer cui perceptum fuerit faciat
saluetatem. Et qui noluerit eam facere soluat bannum sol.
XX. et postea eam faciat et molinarij teneantur omnes eorum
masenengos infra. octo dies post qua,m ipsos couentauerint
pressentare consulibus ad faciendum saluitatem et qui
contrafecerit soluat bannum predictum pro quolibet si non
jurasset saluitatem consulibus.
225. [II] WHO ARE OBLIGATED TO MAKE SURETY.
In the same way, it has been decreed that each miller,
farrier (blacksmith), witness, and anyone else who has been
ordered to should make surety. And he, who does not wish to
make surety, should pay a fine of twenty solidi and millers
are obliged to present to the Consuls all of their masnengos
within eight days after they shall have assembled them and
those, who violate [this statute], shouldpay the aforessaid
fine for each [violation], if they have not sworn surety to
the Consuls.
226. [III] TENENTES MENSURAS REPROBAS PUNIANTUR.
Item statutem est quod qui tenuerit aliquam falssam
menssuram causa emendi vel vendendi soluat bannum sol. LX et
perdat illam menssuram et consules teneantur facere ipsam
comburi in plathea placij.
226. [III] THOSE WHO KEEP DISHONEST MEASURES SHOULD BE
PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that he who keeps
any false measure for the sake of buying or selling should
pay a fine of sixty solidi and he should lose that measure;
and the Consuls are obliged to see to it that the false
measure is melted down in the open area of the public
square.
227. [IIII] PUNIANTUR MENSURANS MENSURA NON APPROBATA.
Item statutum est quod qui menssurauerit ad aliquam
causa emendi uel uendendi que non sit signata signo comunis
soluat bannum sol. quinque pro qualibet vice etiam si fuerit
rationabilis. et si fuerit falsa soluat bannum sol. XX.
227. [IIII] THOSE WHO MEASURE WITH UNAPPROVED MEASURES
SHOULD BE PUNISHED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone who
will have measured at any measure for the sake of buying and
selling that which has not been sealed with the seal of the
commune should pay a fine of five solidi for each offence if
the measure is correct and twenty solidi if the measure was
false.
228-229. [V] PENA NON MENSURANTIS AD MENSURAM BUGELLE ET
FORMA IN FORNAXARIJS ORDINATA.
Item statutum est quod nulla persona de bugella debeat
messurare uel menssurari facere aliquod bladum uel uinum uel
aliquid alium ad aliquam menssuram nisi ad menssuram
bugelle. Et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum pro qualibet
uice sol. X. pp. Et consules non possint dare licentiam.
tam emptor quam uenditor.
229. Item statutum est quod quisque fornaxarius qui fecerit
uel fieri facerit lapides uel cupos in bugella vel in
vernato uel in eorum territorio ipsos facere fieri facere
debeat ad modum signatum signo comunis bugelle. Et qui
contrafecerit. soluat bannum. sol. XX. pp. pro qualibet
uice. et quilibet possit esse accussator et habeat suam
partem banni. Et consules teneantur ter in estate
228-229. [V] THE PENALTY FOR NOT MEASURING ACCORDING TO THE
MEASURES OF BIELLA AND THE FORM ORDAINED [FOR
MEASURES FIRED] IN THE OVENS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no person
from Biella should measure or cause any grain, wine, or
anything else to be measured at a measure, unless it is at a
measure of Biella. And he, who violates [this bann], should
pay a fine of ten solidi pp. for each offence. And, the
consuls can not give a dispensation; and neither buyer nor
seller [can grant a dispensation either].
In the same way, it has been decreed that each kiln
operator, who makes or causes stone [measures] or cups to be
made in Biella and Vernatum or in their territory, should
make them or cause them to be made to the standard sealed
with the seal of the commune of Biella. And he, who
violates [this bann], should pay a fine of twenty solidi pp.
for each offence. And, anyone can be an accuser and have a
portion of the fine. And the consuls are obliged three
times a summer to require the kiln operators to measure the
stones (measures) and cups which are at the kilns with the
standard [measure] of the commune; they are obliged to carry
that measure with them and they are obliged to keep [that
measure] in their presence. And no kiln operator may be
permitted to fabricate a measure at any standard for anyone
unless the standard has been forged and sealed as above.
And, [it is understood] that any worker who works at the
kiln should be obliged to swear to do his duty in a legal
manner, certainly with respect to the fashioning of stone
measures and cups to the srandard of the standard. And, the
owner of the kiln is obliged to present those [stone
measures and cups] to the consuls within eight days of the
date which they have agreed upon under the penalty of the
aforesaid fine. And, [it is understood] that no one can
construct or keep any kiln within the enclosures of the
public square and the level area and he, who violates [this
bann], should pay a fine of sixty solidi pp. for each and
every offence and the kiln should be removed afterward.
230. [VI] ASSOMATORES NUMERUM MENSURARUM QUAS SIGNANT ET
QUIBUS SCRIBI FACERE TENEANTUR.
Item statutum et ordinatum est quod assumatores
menssurarum teneantur et debeant tempore quo signant
menssuras facere scribi nomina illorum qui faciunt signari
et numerum menssurarum. Quod si non fecerint soluant pro
quolibet assumatore pro banno. sol. X. pp. et debeant
signasse infra nativitatem domini. Et postea consules
teneantur eligere quatuor sapientes qui sint cum eis ad
examinandum et prouidandum si integre menssure fuerint
signate. Et si reperiretur aliquis non fecisse signari qui
vtatur menssuris ad vendendum et emendum soluat pro qualibet
menssura sol. V. pp. et illud idem intelligitur de stateris
et marchis. et consules teneantur ire requisitum bis in anno
ex improuiso omnes mensuras tabernariorum.
230. [VI] THOSE WHO TAKE THE NUMBER OF MEASURES, WHICH THEY
ARE APPROVED FOR, ARE OBLIGED TO SEE TO IT THAT
[THE WEIGHTS WHICH THEY HAVE SIGNED FOR AND FOR
WHOM THEY ARE DESTINED] SHOULD BE WRITTEN IN THE
BOOK.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the
Inspectors of the Measures are obliged to and should cause
the names and numbers of those measures which they have
caused to be sealed to be recorded at the time at which they
are sealed. If they do not do this, they should pay a fine
of ten solidi pp. for each inspection and they should seal
them within the Christmas [octave]. And afterward, the
Consuls are obliged to choose four wise men, who are to
accompany them to examine and oversee [the process of
determining] whether the measures are properly sealed. And,
if someone, who uses the measures for buying and selling
should not see to it that the measures have been sealed, he
should pay a fine of five solidi pp. for each measure and
the same thing is understood in reagrd to statera and marks.
And, the consuls are obliged twice a year to go without
warning to requisition all of the measures of the taverns.
231. [VII] MODUM CAUALLETORUM SUPER QUIBUS SUNT LAPIDES
LABORANDI.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona non possit nec
debeat laborare nec laborari facere lapides fornacis super
aliquibus lignis vel caualetis qui caualeti non sint plani
in loco ubi ponitur modus ad faciendum lapides et qui
caualleti sint signati signo communis. et approbati per
consules. Et si contra in aliquo factum fuerit. dominus
fornacis soluat bannum sol. XX. et laborator sol. V. pro
quolibet et qualibet uice. et quilibet possit accusare et
denuntiare. et tenebitur priuatus. et habeat terciam partem
banni. et si laborator non esset soluendo. dominus fornacis
teneatur pro eo.
231. [VII] THE MANNER IN WHICH ONE MIGHT WORK ON HOLLOWED
OUT [BOARDS] ON WHICH THE STONE MEASURES ARE
[PLACED].
In the same way, it has been decreed that noone can or
may work on or cause any stone (measures) of the kiln to be
worked on any boards or hollowed out [boards] which have not
been shaped to be level in the place where the measure to
make the stone measures is placed and which have been sealed
with the mark of the commune and approved by the consuls.
And, if anthing is done in violation of this [bann] in any
way, the owner of the kiln should pay a fine of twenty
solidi and the worker should pay five solidi for each and
every offence. And, anyone can accuse and denounce and his
name should be kept confidential. And, if the worker should
not pay the fine, the owner of the kiln is obliged (to pay
it) for him.
232. [VIII] ASOMATORES CONSIGNENT CONSULIBUS NUMERUM
MENSURARUM.
Item statutum est quod assumatores comunis teneantur et
debeant dare in scriptis numerum consulibus comunis quot
mensuras signauerunt cuilibet tabernario et quales. Infra
festum natiuitatis domini. et si contrafecerint soluant
bannum pro quolibet et qualibet vice sol. XX. pp.
232. [VIII] THOSE WHO MAKE A NUMBER OF MEASURES MUST CONSIGN
THEM TO THE CONSULS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the commune's
inspectors are obliged to and should give to the consuls of
the commune in writing the number of measures which they
have sealed for each tavern and similar case by the first
day of Christmas. And, if they violate [this bann], they
should pay a fine of twenty solidi pp. for each and every
offence.
233. [VIIII] QUOT VICIBUS CONSULES CONTRA TABERNARIOS ET
FORNAXARIOS INQUIRERE TENEANTUR.
Item satutum est quod consules comunis bugelle pro
eorum sacramento teneantur omni anno tribus uicibus et ex
improuiso inquirere mensuras tabernariorum et fornaxariorum
et punire omnes et singulos quos inuenerint fecisse contra
statuta secundum formam aliorum statutorum.
233. [VIIII] IN HOW MANY VILLAGES THE CONSULS ARE OBLIGED TO
CONDUCT INVESTIGATIONS AGAINST INNKEEPERS AND
BAKERS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that the consuls
of the Commune of Biella are obliged on their sworn oath to
investigate the measures of the taverns and kilns three
times a year without warning and to punish each and every
person who they find who has acted contrary to the statutes
according to the form of the other statutes.
234. [X] PENA EORUM QUI AD PLATHEAM VENDUNT MENSURIS UNDIQUE
NON FERATIS.
Item statutum est quod reuenditores nec aliqui alij
uendentes bladum uel salem ad platheam non possint uendere
uel mensurare. ad starium. minam. uel quartaronum nisi dicte
mensure sint ferrate circumquaque et per transbersum. et qui
contrafecerit soluat pro quolibet et qualibet vice sol. V.
et quilibet possit accusare et denuntiare et tenebit
privatus.
234. [X] THE PENALTY FOR THOSE WHO SELL IN THE PUBLIC SQUARE
WITH MEASURES THAT ARE NOT WHOLLY MADE OF IRON.
In the same way, it has been decreed that resellers
(i.e., retailers) and any others selling grain or salt in
the public square can not sell or measure at the sester,
mina, or peck (or quart), unless the aforesaid measures are
completely bound in iron and across their width as well.
And he, who violates [this bann], should pay five solidi for
each and every offence; and, anyone can accuse or denounce
and their name will be kept confidential.
235. [XI] QUANDO ASOMATORES VETERES TENEANTUR MENSURAS NOUO
CLAUARIO CONSIGNARE.
Item statutum est et ordinatum quod assummatores
veteres teneantur et debeat dare reddere et restituere
clauario nouo et consulibus qui pro temporibus fuerint infra
VIII. dies post sanctum Martinum omnes mensuras communis
quas habebunt penes se. ad signandum alias mensuras et qui
contra fecerit soluat pro quolibet et qualibet ebdomada. qua
contra facerent sol. V. pp.
235. [XI] WHEN THE OLD [INSPECTORS] OF THE MEASURES ARE
OBLIGED TO TURN THEM OVER TO THE NEW TREASURER.
In the same way, it has been decreed and ordained that
the old (retiring) inspectors are obliged to and should
give, return, or restore to the new Treasurer (clavarius)
and the consuls who are in office within eight days after
the Feast of Saint Martin (Nov., 11) all of the measures of
the commune which they will have in their possession to seal
other measures. He, who violates [this bann], should pay
five solidi for each and every week in which he is in
violation.
236. ELECTORES OFFICIALIUM NON POSSUNT ELIGERE ASUMATOREM,
QUANDO SIT DE CONCILIO VEL CREDENCIA.
Item statutum est quod electores officialium non
possint eligere asumatores quando vnus ex ipsis sit de
consilio uel credencia communis bugelle et non possint
signare nisi ambo insimul et in plathea plani bugelle et in
placio comunis et teneantur signasse infra nativitatem
domini et elapso dicto termino non possint.
236. THE ELECTORS OF THE OFFICIALS CAN NOT CHOOSE AN
INSPECTOR [OF THE MEASURES], WHILE THEY ARE ON THE
COUNCIL OR THE "CREDENTIA."
In the same way, it has been decreed that the Electors
of officials can not choose inspectors when one of them may
be a member of the Council or the Credencia of the Commune
of Biella and they can not seal [measures] unless both do it
together and in the public square of the open place of
Biella and in the public square of the Commune. And, they
are obliged to have the measures sealed by the feast day of
the Nativity of the Lord (Dec., 25) and they can not do it
after the aforesaid date has passed.
237. REVENDITOR NON POTEST TENERE IN DOMO MENSURAM NON
SIGNATAM.
Item statutum est quod aliquis reuenditor non possit in
domo tenere aliquam mensuram que non sit signata signo
comunis bugelle et qui contrafecerit soluat pro qualibet
mensura sol. V.
237. A RESELLER CAN NOT KEEP MEASURES IN HIS HOME WHICH HAVE
NOT BEEN SEALED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no retailer
should keep a measure in his home which has not been sealed
with the seal of the Commune of Biella; and, he, who
violates [this bann], should pay a fine of five solidi for
each measure.
238. NOUUM STATUTUM DE FORNAXARIJS.
Item statutum est quod omnes et singuli fornaxarij per
se et eorum laboratores et masnengos teneantur et debeant
de cetero facere et redere lapides et tegulas bene coctas.
in longitudine latitudine et grossitudine justa mensuram
ordinatam. et positam per comune. et denunciare consulibus
quocienscunquue vacuauerint fornacem de lapidibus et tegulis
quod mittent officiales comunis inquirendum si dictum opus
factum fuerit ad mensuram dicti comunis. Et qui contra in
aliquo fecerit soluat pro quolibet et qualibet uice sol.
LX. Et quilibet possit accusare publice et priuatim. Et
consules teneantur inquirere omni mensse tempore quo ipsi
fornaxarij laborant ad fornacem. Et per hoc statutum
intelligantur esse cassata omnia statuta loquencia de
fornaxarii. preter statutum quod loquitur de ponderandis seu
careandis lapidibus uel cupis.
238. THE NEW STATUTE CONCERNING BAKERS.
In the same way, it has been decreed that each and
every kiln operator by themselves or through their workers
and masnengi (hired labor) are henceforth obliged to and
should make and render stone measures and tiles well baked.
They should be a just measure in length, width, and size as
ordained and established by the Commune. [Kiln operators
and their employees are obliged to] denounce to the Consuls
anyone whomsoever abandons the kiln of the stone measures
and tiles. [It is understood] that the consuls may send the
officials of the Commune to determine whether the aforesaid
work was completed according to the standard measures of the
Commune. And he, who violates [this bann] in any way,
should pay sixty solidi for each and every offence. And
anyone can accuse in public and in confidence. And, the
consuls are obliged to investigate every month at a time
when the kiln operators are working at their furnaces. And
through this statute, it is understood that all statutes
speaking in regard to kilns are nullified with the exception
of the statute that speaks about the weighing and measuring
of stone measures and cups.
XIII. RUBRICA DE HABITATORIBUS ET UICINIS.
XIII. THE RUBRIC CONCERNING HABITATION AND NEIGHBORHOODS.
239. [I] QUALITER ET CUI TENENTES A COMUNI SINE VENDERE
POSSINT PENA.
Statutum est quod aliqua persona non debeat nec possit
uendere alienare canbire aliquas terras uel possessiones de
quibus dat fictum comuni bugelle nisi de licentia et
consenssu credentie et qui contrafecerit soluat bannum sol.
XX. et emptor amitat rem emptem et perueniat in comuni
bugelle et emptor et venditor teneantur et debeant dare
communi pro inuestitura pro quolibet. denarios. XII. pro
qualibet precij dicte possessionis uendite siue canbite et
consules non possint inuestire alicui qui non sit habitator
et subditus comuni bugelle in fodris dacijs. et omnibus
alijs scuffis et honeribus communis et si contra fecerint
ille investiture contra predicta facte sint casse irrite et
nullius valoris. Et possessiones perueniant in dictum comune
pleno jure.
239. [I] HOW AND FOR WHOM THOSE WHO HAVE HOLDINGS FROM THE
COMMUNE CAN SELL WITHOUT PENALTIES.
It has been decreed that no person should or can sell,
alienate, or cancel any lands or suspensions from which the
financial resource of the Commune of Biella is derived,
unless it is done with the licence and consent of the
Credencia [of Biella]; and he, who violates [this chapter],
should pay a fine of twenty solidi and the buyer loses the
property which he has purchased and it reverts to the
Commune of Biella. Both buyer and seller are obliged to
give the commune for the investiture [of the property]
twelve denarii for each pound of the value of the aforesaid
property which has been sold or alienated. And, the consuls
can not invest anyone who is not an inhabitant or subject of
the commune of Biella in farmlands, crown lands, and in all
other escrowed (endowed) lands and honors of the commune.
If anyone violates [this chapter], the investiture which has
been made against the aforesaid [chapter] is irretreviably
quashed and of no value. And the possession falls to the
aforesaid commune in the fullness of the law.
240. [II] STANTES IN BUGELLA UICINENTIAM FACERE DEBENT.
Item statutum est quod omnes qui habitauerunt in
bugelle faciat uicinencias sicut alij sui uicini nisi juste
se defenderet inde.
240. [II] THOSE WHO RESIDE IN BIELLA SHOULD ESTABLISH
RESIDENCY IN A NEIGHBORHOOD.
In the same way, it has been decreed that everyone, who
lives in Biella, should establish a "venue" as others of his
neighbors [have], unless he justly defends himself from that
necessity.
Item statutum est quod aliquis homo non recipiatur in
habitatorem comunis bugelle nisi sit de uoluntate credencie
et nisi prius fecerit bonam et ydoneam securitatem emendi
domum uel aliam possessionem ad uoluntatem credencie. infra
sex mensses post quam receptus fuerit et uenerit stare in
bugellam. Infra unum menssem post quam receptus fuerit et
nisi promiserit perpetuo stare et permanere et steterit in
bugella cum familia sua et obligauerit domum uel
possessionem pro predictis attendendis et dederit albalistam
uel albistas comuni ad uoluntatem credencie. et qui contra
in aliquo fecerit non sit habitator nec pro habitatore
habeatur et domos et possessiones si quas emerit ipso facto
perueniant in comune bugelle pleno jure.
241, 259, 260, 270. [III, XXI, XXXII] HOW RESIDENTS SHOULD
BE RECEIVED.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no man may be
received into the habitation of the Commune of Biella,
unless it is at the will of the Credencia and unless he has
made prior good and suitable security for the buying of a
home or another possession at the will of the Credencia
within six months after he had been received or he had come
to stay in Biella [or] within one month after he was
received and unless he promises to stay and remain in
perpetuity; and, he should stay in Biella with his family
and he should obligate the home or possession for the
aforesaid matters that should be attended to and he should
turn his crossbow or crossbows over to the Commune at the
request of the Credencia. And he, who violates [this
chapter] in any way, may not be an inhabitant, may not be
considered a resident, and may not own homes or possession
if he should buy them. Should this take place, [these homes
or possessions] should fall to the Commune in the fullness
of the law.
259. Iten statutum est quod aliquis non possit recipi In
habitatorem communis bugelle nisi prius steterit et
habitauerit in bugellam cum sua familia per annos decem
continue.
259. In the same way, it has been decreed that no one can be
received into a habitation of the Commune of Biella unless
he has stayed or lived in Biella before with his household
continuously for ten years.
260. Item statutum est quod aliqua persona vndecunque sit
non possit nec debeat recipi in habitatorem comunis bugelle.
hinc ad XX. annos. et si aliqui reciperentur Infra dictum
terminum pro habitatoribus non habeantur nec teneantur.
260. In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone, from
wherever he might be, can not nor should not be received in
a household of the Commune of Biella hereafter for twenty
years. And, if anyone is received within the aforesaid time
limit, they may not be considered or held to be residents.
270. Item statutum est quod aliqua persona cui non sit mota
questio ratione habitarie comunis bugelle. per Otinum
Villanum et Guillielmum de ferariis, sindicos et
procuratores, comunis. ad hoc specialiter deputatos. anno
currente MCCCXXIII. non possit recipi nec haberi dicti
comunis aliqua ratione uel causa usque ad annos. XX.
subsequentes. nec supra ipso statuto aliquatenus dispensari.
nec poni in credentia quod fiat contra predictum statutum.
Et consules qui ponerent in credentia nec poni permitterent.
soluant bannum pro quolibet et qualibet uice. libr. X. et
qui consuleret contra predictum statutum sit cassa et irrita
et nullius valoris atque momenti. et receptus non habeatur
pro habitatore ipse nec filij nec heredes perpetuo.
270. In the same way, it has been decreed that any person,
whose inquiry in regard to their statutes as an inhabitant
of the Commune of Biella by Otinus, Villanus, and William de
Ferariis, the Syndics and Procurators of the Commune,
specially appointed for this purpose during the current
year, 1322, can not be considered or accepted as an
inhabitant of the aforesaid Commune in any manner or cause
for up to twenty years hereafter. And, concerning this
statutes, [no one can] be given a dispensation at some time
and [no law can] be placed in the Credentia so that it will
be set against the aforesaid statute. [If anyone violates
this bann], he should pay one hundred solidi pp. and a
reception [as an inhabitant of Biella] made contrary to the
aforesaid statute is considered to have been quashed, void,
and of no value or importance. And, the person, who has
been received [illegally], his sons, and heirs may not be
considered an inhabitant forever.
242, 244, 247-248, 267. [IIII, VI, VIIII, X, XXIX, XXXI]
QUI PROHIBEANTUR ACQUIRERE IN BUGELLA ET QUIBUS
SIT UENDERE INTERDICTUM.
Item statutum est quod aliqua persona que non habitet
in bugella cum familia sua et faciat uicinentiam sicut alij
uicini et que non soluat fodra et banna comuni bugele et qui
non sit habitator communis bugelle secundum formam aliorum
statutorum non possit nec debeant emere acquirere neque
succedere neque in solutum nec in doctem extimatam nec
inextimatam accipere aliquam domum neque possessionem in
bugella neque in eius curte siue territorio neque neque
alias possessiones quas habent homines de bugella in curte
et territorio vernati. Et qui contrafecerit domus siue
possessio taliter aquissita contra predicta deueniant in
comune bugelle et sic omnes credenciarii ad sancta dei
evangelia atendere Jurauerunt.
242, 244, 247-248, 267. [IIII, VI, VIIII, X, XXIX, XXXI]
THOSE WHO ARE PROHIBITED FROM ACQUIRING [GOODS
AND PROPERTY] IN BIELLA AND FOR WHOM THERE IS AN
INTERDICT AGAINST SELLING ANYTHING.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any person,
who is not resident in Biella with his family, who has
established his "venue" as other neighbors, who does not pay
the dues and fines of the Commune of Biella, and who is not
a resident of the Commune of Biella according to the form of
the other statutes, can not and should not buy, acquire,
inherit, or accept either in payment or as a valueless dower
(or endowment) any house or possession in Biella or its
holding, territory, or any other possessions which the men
of Biella possess in the holdings and territory of Vernatum.
And, for a person who violates (this chapter), the home or
possession which has been so acquired against the aforesaid
(bann) falls to the Commune of Biella. And all of the
members of the Credencia have sworn to take care of this
(obligation) on the Holy Gospels of God.
244. Item statutum est quod aliquis homo uel femina de
bugella non possit nec debeat uendere alienare donare neque
iudicare nec in infiteosim concedere aliquam domum uel domos
terras uel possessiones. Iacentes in territorio et curte
bugelle et uernati. alicui persone uel personis. comuni.
collegio uel uniuerssitati. que non sint de bugella. Et non
soluant banna fodra et alias impossiciones cum hominibus
bugelle et qui non sit habitator Et subditus comuni bugelle
in fodris. dacijs. condicijs et omnibus alijs honeribus
realibus et personalibus. et mistis et alijs quibuscumque.
et qui contra fecerit teneatur dare comuni precium rei
vendite pro pena et banno. et vltra hoc perpetuo sit
infamis. Ita quod ipse nec eius filij ad aliquos
admittantur honores. nec possit habere ipse nec eius filij
aliquod officium vel beneficium bugelle. Et qui
contrafecerit soluat bannum. libras. X. pp. Et emptor perdat
ea que emerit et perveniant in comune bugelle. Et ita per
omnia ut supra legitur machalua seruitor comunis bugelle de
uolutate et consenssu omnium credenciariorum et super eorum
animas Jurauit ad sancta dei euangelia hoc statutum firmum
et ratum habere et tenere quod statutum confirmatum est per
dominum Episcopum Vercellensem.
244.
In the same way, it has been decreed that any man or
woman of Biella can not and should not sell, alienate,
donate, adjudicate, cede over in perpetuity any home or
homes, lands, or possessions included in the holding and
territory of Biella or Vernatum to any person or persons,
commune, association, or community which is not of Biella.
And, they should not pay fines, dues, and other impositions
with the men of Biella and anyone, who is not a resident and
subject of the Commune of Biella in terms of dues, grants,
conditions, all other real and personal honors, allowances,
and anyother payments whatsoever. And, anyone, who violates
[this bann], is obliged to turn over to the Commune the
value of the property purchased as a penalty and fine, and
moreover, the person should be considered to be of ill-
repute forever. Thus [it is understood] that neither he nor
his sons may be admitted to any honors nor can they have any
duty or benefice of Biella. And, he, who violates [this
bann], should pay a fine of ten pounds pp. and the purchaser
loses that which he has purchased and those properties fall
to the Commune of Biella. And thus, through all things as
it has been written above, the hired help and the slaves of
the Commune of Biella, at the wish and the consent of all of
the members of the Credencia and on their souls, should
swear on the Holy Gospels of God that they will consider and
hold this statute valid and in force because the statute has
been confirmed by the Lord Bishop Vercellensis.
247. Item statutum est quod si contingeret quod aliqua
persona de bugella uel stans siue habitans in bugella
venderet alienaret aliquo titolo alicui persone uel personis
comuni collegio uel uniuersitati aliquas terras uel
possessiones quas nunc habet uel de cetero habebit in
predictis curijs territorio bugelle et uernati. et emptor
siue aquisitor nollet soluere uel aliquo modo se deffenderet
quin solueret fodra et monia onera et inpossitiones
suprascriptas sibi inpossitas per dictum comune bugelle.
quod venditor siue dator ipsarum terrarum uel possessionum
teneatur ipsa fodra et honera substinere cum comuni et
hominibus bugelle. et nichil hominus dicte possessiones
perueniant in comune bugelle secundum formam aliorum
statutorum.
247.
In the same way, it has been decreed that, if it should
happen that any person from Biella or residing or living in
Biella should sell or alienate any title to lands or
possessions which they now hold or will henceforth hold in
the aforesaid curias of the territory of Biella or Vernatum
to any person or persons, commune, college, or community,
the buyer or acquirer does not wish to pay or in any way
defend himself from paying all of the dues, honors, and
aforementioned impositions placed upon them by the aforesaid
commune of Biella, [it is understood that the seller or
donor of these lands or possessions is obliged to sustain
those dues and honors together with the Commune and men of
Biella. The aforesaid possession fall to the Commune of
Biella according to the form of the other statutes, and not
to any man.
248. Item statutum est quod aliquis qui non sit habitator
bugelle non possit nec debeat habere aliquam graciam emendi
siue aliquo titulo uel forma aquirendi aliquem possessionem
alicuius hominis de bugella super territorio bugelle et
uernati. Et consules per eorum sacramentum non permitant
poni in credentia quod dicta gracia ei vel eis fiat et qui
possuerit in credentia. soluat pro quolibet et qualibet uice
sol. XL. pp. et qui conscilium dederit super predicta
prepossita quod fiat gracia de predictis soluat pro
quolibet. et qualibet uice simile bannum. et consules
teneantur excutere dicta banna ante quam exiant de credentia
de quibus bannis nullam possint habere graciam et qui
consuleret contra predicta quod aliqua gracia fieret de
predictis illa responssio uel conscilium sic datum uel
reformacio sic facta sint casse irrite et nullius ualoris
atque momenti.
248.
In the same way, it has been decreed that anyone, who
is not an inhabitant of Biella can not and should not have
any grace (special favor) by virtue of any title or form for
the purchase or acquisition of any possession of any man of
Biella in the territory of Biella or Vernatum. And the
Consuls, on their sworn oath, may not permit [a resolution]
to be proposed in the Credentia that the aforesaid "grace"
be granted to him or to them, and, those who propose [such
resolutions] in the Credentia may not do so either. He, who
violates [this bann], should pay forty solidi pp. for each
and every offence and he, who has given advice regarding the
aforesaid proposal that "grace" concerning the aforesaid
matters [be grants], should pay a similar fine for each and
every offence. And the consuls are obliged to enforce the
aforesaid fines before they take their leave of the
Credentia. Concerning those fines, violators can not have a
pardon; any response, advice thus given, or amendment thus
made, which gives counsel against the foresaid bann that
"grace' not be granted concerning the aforesaid things, is
nullified without recourse and is of no value or importance.
267.
Item statutum est quod aliquis homo vel femina de
bugella non possit nec debeat vendere alienare donare neque
judicare nec indotem uel insolutum. seu quoque alio
alienationis titulo dare seu contrahere uel obligare aliquam
domum uel domus terras uel possessiones iacentes in
territorio et curte bugelle et vernati. alicui person uel
personis comuni collegio uel vniuerssitati que non sit de
bugella et non soluat banna fodra et alias inpositiones cum
hominibus bugelle et qui non sit habitator bugelle secundum
formam aliorum statutorum. Et qui contrafecerit soluat
bannum librarum. X. pp. Et vltra hoc teneatur omnas suas
terras et possessiones indotem datas et obligatas contra
superius ordinata vendere pro eo precio quod estimate
fuerint per estimatores comunis bugelle. infra tres mensses
postquam fecerint contra predicta. homini abitatori bugelle
et si contra factum fuerit. hemptor et ille qui acceperit
insolutum perdat ea que emerit et que insolutum aceperit et
perveniant in comune bugelle. Et ille qui acciperit in
dotem. si atendere recusauerit et facere venditionem non
promiserit et fecerit uel non potuerit prout supra
continetur similiter perdat ea que acceperit in dotem et
perueniat in comune bugelle. Et ita per omnia ut supra
legitur Machalua servitor comunis bugelle de volumptate et
consensu omnium credentiariorum et super eorum animas
jurauit ad sancta dei euangelia hoc statutum firmum et ratum
habere et tenere. Quod statutum confirmatum est per Dominum
Episcopum Vercellensem.
267.
In the same way, it has been decreed that no man or
woman from Biella can nor should sell, alienate, give away,
legally declare unendowed or insolvent, or to give,
restrict, or encumber by any other title of alienation any
home, homes, lands, or possessions lying in the territory or
holding of Biella or Vernatum to any person, persons,
commune, college, or community which is not of Biella and
he/she should not pay fines dues, and other impositions with
the men of Biella. And, this applies to anyone who is not
an inhabitant of Biella according to the form of the other
statutes. And, he, who violates [this bann], should pay a
fine of ten pounds pp.; and, furthermore, he is obliged to
sell to a man living in Biella at the price which will have
been determined by the Assessor of the Commune of Biella
within three months after he had violated the aforesaid
[banns] all of his lands and possessions which he has given
unendowed or obligated against the ordinances above. And,
if he does not do this, the buyer and he who accepted the
insolvent property should lose that which they have bought
or which he has accepted as insolvent and these properties
fall to the Commune. And, if he, who accepts property in an
endowment illegally, should refuse to attend to this [forced
sale] and he does not promise to make the sale, or does not
or can not do as required above, he loses in a similar
fashion those things which he has accepted in an endowment
and this property falls to the Commune. And thus, it shall
be done in all things as it is written above. Machaleia,
the servant of the Commune of Biella at the pleasure and
consent of all of the members of the Credentia and on their
souls has sworn on the Holy Gospel of God to keep and
maintain the statute valid and in effect. [It is
understood] that the statute has been confirmed by the Lord
Bishop Vercellio.
END OF PART ONE OF TWO
