SOME DOCUMENTS RELEVANT TO THE ALLIANCE OF GERMANY, JAPAN, AND
ITALY DURING WORLD WAR II.
The file contains the following documents in the order of
appearance in the file:
(1) German-Japanese Agreement and Supplementary Protocol, Signed
at Berlin, November 25, 1936 (Anti-Comintern Pact)
(2) Protocol Concluded by Italy, Germany, and Japan, at Rome,
November 6, 1937
(3)Summary of the Three-Power Pact Between Germany, Italy, and
Japan, Signed at Berlin, SEPTEMBER 27, 1940. (THE TRIPARTITE
PACT)
----------------------------------------------------------------
(1) German-Japanese Agreement and Supplementary Protocol, Signed
at Berlin, November 25, 1936 (Anti-Comintern Pact)
Translation, in Department of State, Foreign Relations of the
United States: Japan, 1931-1941, II, 153
Agreement Guarding Against the Communistic International
The Imperial Government of Japan and the Government of Germany,
In cognizance of the fact that the object of the Communistic
International (the so-called Komintern) is the disintegration
of, and the commission of violence against, existing States by
the exercise of all means at its command,
Believing that the toleration of interference by the Communistic
International in the internal affairs of nations not only
endangers their internal peace and social welfare, but threatens
the general peace of the world,
Desiring to co-operate for defense against communistic
disintegration, have agreed as follows.
Article I
The High Contracting States agree that they will mutually keep
each other informed concerning the activities of the Communistic
International, will confer upon the necessary measure of
defense, and will carry out such measures in close co-operation.
Article II
The High Contracting States will jointly invite third States
whose internal peace is menaced by the disintegrating work of
the Communistic International, to adopt defensive measures in
the spirit of the present Agreement or to participate in the
present Agreement.
Article III
The Japanese and German texts are each valid as the original
text of this Agreement. The Agreement shall come into force on
the day of its signature and shall remain in force for the term
of five years. The High Contracting States will, in a
reasonable time before the expiration of the said term, come to
an understanding upon the further manner of their co-operation.
In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorized by their
respective Governments, have affixed hereto their seals and
signatures.
Done in duplicate at Berlin, November 25th, 11th year of Showa,
corresponding to November 25th, 1936.
Viscount Kintomo Mushakoji
Imperial Japanese Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Joachim von Ribbentrop
German Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Supplementary Protocol to the Agreement Guarding Against the
Communistic International
On the occasin of the signature this day of the Agreement
guarding against the Communistic International the undersigned
plenipotentiaries have agreed as follows:
(a) The competent authorities of both High Contracting States
will closely co-operate in the exchange of reports on the
activities of the Communistic International and on measures of
information and defense against the Communistic International.
(b) The competent authorities of both High Contracting States
will, withing the framework of the existing law, take stringent
measures against those who at home or abroad work on direct or
indirect duty of the Communistic International or assist its
disintegrating activities.
(c) To facilitate the co-operation of the competent authorities
of the two High Contracting States as set out in (a) above, a
standing committee shall be established. By this committee the
further measures to be adopted in orde to counter the
disintegrating activities of the Communistic International shall
be considered and conferred upon.
Done at Berlin, November 25th, 11th year of Showa, corresponding
to November 25th, 1936.
Viscount Kintomo Mushakoji
Imperial Japanese Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Joachim von Ribbentrop
German Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
----------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Protocol Concluded by Italy, Germany, and Japan, at Rome,
November 6, 1937
Translation, in Department of State, Foreign Relations of the
United States: Japan, 1931-1941, II, 159
The Italian Government, the Government of the German Reich, and
the Impreial Government of Japan,
Considering that the Communist International continues
constantly to imperil the civilized world in the Occident and
Orient, disturbing and destroygin peace and order,
Considering that only close collaboration looking to the
maintenance of peace and order can limit and remove that peril,
Considering that Italy - who with the advent of the Fascist
regime has with inflexible determination combated that peril and
rid her territory of the Communist International - has decided
to align herself against the common enemy along with Germany and
Japan, who for their part are animated by like determination to
defend themselves against the Communist International.
Have, in conformity with Article 2 of the Agreement against the
Communist International concluded at Berlin on November 25,
1936, by Germany and Japan, agreed upon the following:
Article I
Italy becomes a party to the Agreement against the Communist
International and to the Supplementary Protocol concluded on
November 25, 1936, between Germany and Japan, the text of which
is included in the annex to the present Protocol.
Article II
The three powers signatory to the present Protocol agree that
Italy will be considered as an original signatory to the
Agreement and Supplementary Protocol mentioned in the preceding
article, the signing of the present Protocol being equivalent to
the signature of the original text of the aforesaid Agreement
and Supplementary Protocol.
Article III
The present Protocol shall constitute an integral part of the
above-mentioned Agreement and Supplementary Protocol.
Article IV
The present Protocol is drawn up in Italian, Japanese, and
German, each text being considered authentic. It shall enter
into effect on the date of signature.
In testimony whereof, etc...
Ciano
von Ribbentrop
Hotta
----------------------------------------------------------------
(3)Summary of the Three-Power Pact Between Germany, Italy, and
Japan, Signed at Berlin, SEPTEMBER 27, 1940. (THE TRIPARTITE
PACT)
The governments of Germany, Italy and Japan, considering it as a
condition precedent of any lasting peace that all nations of the
world be given each its own proper place, have decided to stand
by and co-operate with one another in regard to their efforts in
greater East Asia and regions of Europe respectively wherein it
is their prime purpose to establish and maintain a new order of
things calculated to promote the mutual prosperity and welfare
of the peoples concerned.
Furthermore, it is the desire of the three governments to extend
co-operation to such nations in other spheres of the world as
may be inclined to put forth endeavours along lines similar to
their own, in order that their ultimate aspirations for world
peace may thus be realized.
Accordingly, the governments of Germany, Italy and Japan have
agreed as follows:
ARTICLE ONE
Japan recognizes and respects the leadership of Germany and
Italy in establishment of a new order in Europe.
ARTICLE TWO
Germany and Italy recognize and respect the leadership of Japan
in the establishment of a new order in greater East Asia.
ARTICLE THREE
Germany, Italy and Japan agree to co-operate in their efforts on
aforesaid lines. They further undertake to assist one another
with all political, economic and military means when one of the
three contracting powers is attacked by a power at present not
involved in the European war or in the Chinese-Japanese
conflict.
ARTICLE FOUR
With the view to implementing the present pact, joint technical
commissions, members which are to be appointed by the respective
governments of Germany, Italy and Japan will meet without delay.
ARTICLE FIVE
Germany, Italy and Japan affirm that the aforesaid terms do not
in any way affect the political status which exists at present
as between each of the three contracting powers and Soviet
Russia.
ARTICLE SIX
The present pact shall come into effect immediately upon
signature and shall remain in force 10 years from the date of
its coming into force. At the proper time before expiration of
said term, the high contracting parties shall at the request of
any of them enter into negotiations for its renewal.
In faith whereof, the undersigned duly authorized by their
respective governments have signed this pact and have affixed
hereto their signatures.
Done in triplicate at Berlin, the 27th day of September, 1940,
in the 19th year of the fascist era, corresponding to the 27th
day of the ninth month of the 15th year of Showa (the reign of
Emperor Hirohito).
