APPENDIX 2
UNIFORM CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE
Chapter 47. UNIFORM CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE
Subchapter Sec Art.
I. General Provisions 801 1
II. Apprehension and Restraint 807 7
III Non-Judicial Punishment 815 15
IV. Court-Martial Jurisdiction 816 16
V. Composition of Courts-Martial 822 22
VI. Pre-Trial Procedure 830 30
VII. Trial Procedure 836 36
VIII. Sentences 855 55
IX. Post-Trial Procedure and Review of Courts Martial 859 59
X. Punitive Articles 877 77
XI. Miscellaneous Provisions 935 135
*XII Court of Military Appeals 941 141
SUB CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. Art.
801. 1. Definitions
802. 2. Persons Subject to this chapter.
803. 3. Jurisdiction to try certain personnel.
804. 4. Dismissed officer's right to trial by court-martial.
805. 5. Territorial applicability of this chapter.
806. 6. Judge advocates and legal officers.
*806a 6a. Investigation and disposition of maters pertaining to the
fitness of military judges.
801. ART. 1. DEFINITIONS.
In this chapter.
(1) "Judge Advocate General" means, severally, the Judge Advocates
General of the Army, Navy, and Air Force and, except when the Coast guard
is operating as a service in the Navy, the General Counsel of the
Department of Transportation.
(2) The Navy, the Marine Corps, and the Coast Guard designated as such by
appropriate authority.
(4) "Officer in Charge" means a member of the Navy, the Marine Corps, or
the Coast Guard designated as such by appropriate authority.
(5) "Superior commissioned officer" means a commissioned officer superior
in rank of command.
(6) "Cadet" means a cadet of the United States Military Academy, the
United States Air Force Academy, or the United States Coast Guard Academy.
(7) "Midshipman" means a midshipman of the United States Naval Academy
and any other midshipman on active duty in the naval service.
(8) "Military" refers to any or all of the armed forces.
(9) "Accuser" means a person who signs and swears to charges, any person
who directs that charges nominally be signed and sworn to by another person
who has an interest other than an official interest in the prosecution of
the accused.
(10) "Military Judge" means an official of a general or special court-
martial detailed in accordance with section 826 of this title (article 26).
(11) "Law specialist" means a commissioned officer of the Coast Guard
designated for special duty (law).
(12) "Legal officer" means any commissioned officer of the Navy, Marine
Corps, or Coast Guard designated to perform legal duties for a command.
(13) "Judge Advocate" means--
(A) an officer of the Judge Advocate General's Corp of the Army or the
Navy;
(B) an officer of the Air Force or the Marine Corps who is designated
as a judge advocate; or
(C) an officer of the Coast Guard who is designated as a law
specialist.
(14) "Record", when used in connection with the proceedings of a court-
martial means--
(A) an official written transcript, written summary, or other writing
relating to the proceedings: or
(B) an official audiotape, videotape, or similar material from which
sound and visual images, depicting the proceedings may be reproduced.
802. ART. 2. PERSONS SUBJECT TO THIS CHAPTER
(a) The following persons are subject to this chapter:
(1) Members of a regular component of the armed forces, including those
awaiting discharge after expiration of their terms of enlistment;
volunteers from the time of their muster or acceptance into the armed
forces; inductees from the time of their actual induction into the armed
forces; and other persons lawfully called or ordered into, or to duty in or
for training in the armed forces, from the dates when they are required by
the terms of the call or order to obey it.
(2) Cadets, aviation cadets, and midshipman.
(3) Members of a reserve component while on inactive-duty training, but
in the case of members of the Army National Guard of the United States or
the Air National Guard of the United States only when in Federal Service.
(4) Retired members of a regular component of the armed forces who are
entitled to pay.
(5) Retired members of a reserve component who are receiving
hospitalization from an armed force.
(6) Members of the Fleet Reserve and Fleet Marine Corps Reserve.
(7) Persons in custody of the armed forces serving a sentence imposed by
a court-martial.
(8) Members of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
Public Health Service, and other organizations, when assigned to and
serving with the armed forces.
(9) Prisoners of war in custody of the armed forces.
(10) In time of war, persons serving with or accompanying an armed force
in the field.
(11) Subject to any treaty or agreement t which the United States is or
may be a party to any accepted rule of international law, persons serving
with, employed by, or accompanying the armed forces outside the United
States and outside the Canal Zone, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam,
and the Virgin Islands.
(12) Subject to any treaty or agreement t which the United States is or
may be a party to any accepted rule of international law, persons within an
area leased by or otherwise reserved or acquired for use of the United
States which is under the control of the Secretary concerned and which is
outside the United States and outside the Canal Zone, the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.
(b) The voluntary enlistment of any person who has the capacity to
understand the significance of enlisting in the armed forces shall be valid
for purposes of jurisdiction under subsection (a) and change of status from
civilian to member of the armed forces shall be effective upon the taking
of the oath of enlistment.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person serving with an
armed force who--
(1) Submitted voluntarily to military authority;
(2) met the mental competence and minimum age qualifications of sections
504 and 505 of this title at the time of voluntary submissions to
military authority:
(3) received military pay or allowances; and
(4) performed military duties: is subject to this chapter until such
person's active service has been terminated in accordance with law or
regulations promulgated by the Secretary concerned.
(d)(1) A member of a reserve component who is not on active duty and who
is made the subject of proceedings under section 815 (article 15) or
section 830 (article 30) with respect to an offense against this
chapter may be ordered to active duty involuntary for the purpose of-
(A) investigation under section 832 of this title (article 32);
(B) trial by court-martial; or
(C) non judicial punishment under section 815 of this title (article
15).
(2) A member of a reserve component may not be ordered to active duty
under paragraph (1) except with respect to an offense committed while
the member was
(A) on active duty; or
(B) on inactive-duty training, but in the case of members of the Army
National Guard of the United States or the Air National Guard of the
United States only when in Federal service.
(3) Authority to order a member to active duty under paragraph (1) shall
be exercised under regulations prescribed by the President.
(4) A member may be ordered to active duty under paragraph (1) only by a
person empowered to convene general courts-martial in a regular
component of the armed forces.
(5) A member ordered to active duty under paragraph (1), unless the order
to active duty was approved by the Secretary concerned, may not--
(A) be sentenced to confinement; or
(B) be required to serve a punishment of any restriction on liberty
during a period other than a period of inactive-duty training or
active duty (other than active duty ordered under paragraph (1)).
803. ART. 3. JURISDICTION TO TRY CERTAIN PERSONNEL
(a) Subject to section 843 of this title (article 43), no person charged
with having committed, while in a status in which he was subject to this
chapter, an offense against this chapter, punishable by confinement for
five years or more and for which the person cannot be tried in the courts
of the United States or of a State, a Territory, or District of Columbia,
may be relieved from amenability to trial by court-martial by reason of the
termination of that status.
(b) Each person discharged from the armed forces who is later charged
with having fraudulently obtained his discharge is, subject to section 843
of this title (article 43), subject to trial by court-martial on that
charge and is after apprehension subject to trial by court-martial for all
offense under this chapter committed before the fraudulent discharge
(c) No person who has deserted from the armed forces may be relieved form
amenability to the jurisdiction of this chapter by virtue of separation
from any later period of service.
(d) A member of a reserve component who is subject to this chapter is
not, by virtue of the termination of a period of active duty or inactive-
duty training, relieved from amenability to the jurisdiction of this
chapter for an offense against this chapter committed during such period of
active duty or inactive-duty training.
804 ART. 4. DISMISSED OFFICER'S RIGHT TO TRIAL BY COURT-MARTIAL
(a) If any commissioned officer, dismissed by order of the president,
makes a written application for trial by court-martial setting forth under
oath, that he has been wrongfully dismissed, the President, as soon as
practicable, shall convene a general court-martial to try that officer on
the charges on which he was dismissed. A court-martial so convened has
jurisdiction to try the dismissed officer on those charges, and he shall be
considered to have waived the right to plead any statute of limitations
applicable to any offense with which he is charged. The court-martial may,
as part of its sentence, adjudge the affirmance of the dismissal, but if
the court-martial acquits the accused or if the sentence adjudged, as
finally approved or affirmed, does not include dismissal or death, the
Secretary concerned shall substitute for the dismissal ordered by the
President a form of discharge authorized for administrative issue.
(b) If the President fails to convene a general court-martial within six
months from the preparation of an application for trial under this article,
the Secretary concerned shall substitute for the dismissal order by the
President a form of discharge authorized for administrative issue.
(c) If a discharge is substituted for a dismissal under this article, the
President alone may reappoint the officer to such commissioned grade and
with such rank as, in the opinion of the President, that former officer
would have attained had he not been dismissed. The reappointment of such a
former officer shall be without regard to the existence of a vacancy and
shall affect the promotion status of other officers only insofar as the
President may direct. All time between the dismissal and the reappointment
shall be considered as actual service for all purposes, including the right
to pay and allowances.
(d) If an officer is discharged from any armed force by administrative
action or is dropped from the rolls by order of the President, he has no
right to trial under this article.
805. ART. 5. TERRITORIAL APPLICABILITY OF THIS CHAPTER
This chapter applies in all places.
806. ART. 6. JUDGE ADVOCATES AND LEGAL OFFICERS
(a) The assignment for duty of judge advocates of the Army, Navy, Air
Force, and Coast Guard shall be made upon the recommendation of the Judge
Advocate General of the armed force of which they are members. The
assignment for duty of judge advocate of the Marine Corps shall be made by
direction of the Commandant of the Marine Corps. The Judge Advocate
General or senior members of his staff shall make frequent inspection in
the field in supervision of the administration of military justice.
(b) Convening authorities shall at all times communicate directly with
their staff judge advocates or legal officers in matters relating to the
administration of military justice; and the staff judge advocate or legal
officer of a superior or subordinate command, or with the Judge Advocate
General.
(c) No person who has acted as member, military judge, trial counsel,
assistant trial counsel, defense counsel, assistant defense counsel, or
investigating officer in any case may later act as staff judge-advocate or
legal officer to any reviewing authority upon the same case.
(d)(1) A judge advocate who is assigned or detailed to perform the
functions of a civil office in the Government of the United States under
section 973(*b)(2)(B) of this title may perform such duties as may be
requested by the agency concerned, including representation of the United
States in civil and criminal cases.
(2) The Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Transportation with
respect to the Coast Guard when it in not operating as a service in the
Navy, shall prescribe regulations providing that reimbursement may be a
condition of assistance by judge advocates assigned or detailed under
section 973(b)(2)(B) of this title.
* 806a. ART. 6a. INVESTIGATION AND DISPOSITION OF MATERS PERTAINING TO
THE FITNESS OF MILITARY JUDGES.
(a) The President shall prescribe procedures for the investigation and
disposition of charges, allegations, or information pertaining to the
fitness of a military judge or military appellate judge to perform the
duties of the judge's position, to the extent practicable, the procedures
shall be uniform for all armed forces.
(b) The President shall transmit a copy of the procedures prescribed
pursuant to this section to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate
and the House of Representatives.
