Volume 3, Number 23                                  16 June 1986
    +---------------------------------------------------------------+
    |                                                  _            |
    |                                                 /  \          |
    |    - FidoNews -                                /|oo \         |
    |                                               (_|  /_)        |
    |  Fido and FidoNet                              _`@/_ \    _   |
    |    Users  Group                               |     | \   \\  |
    |     Newsletter                                | (*) |  \   )) |
    |                                  ______       |__U__| /  \//  |
    |                                 / FIDO \       _//|| _\   /   |
    | (C) Copyright 1986 by IFNA     (________)     (_/(_|(____/    |
    |                                                     (jm)      |
    +---------------------------------------------------------------+
    Editor in Chief:                                   Thom Henderson
    Chief Procrastinator Emeritus:                       Tom Jennings

    FidoNews is the official newsletter of the International  FidoNet
    Association,  and is published weekly by SEAdog Leader, node 1/1.
    You  are  encouraged  to  submit  articles  for  publication   in
    FidoNews.  Article submission standards are contained in the file
    FNEWSART.DOC,  available from  node  1/1.

    The   contents  of  the  articles  contained  here  are  not  our
    responsibility,   nor  do  we  necessarily   agree   with   them.
    Everything here is subject to debate.




                            Table of Contents

    1. EDITORIAL
       The Faceless Community
    2. ARTICLES
       Lets help FIDO make it!
       Some comments on Fido and Time
       The Final Word
       MAILCOST - OutBound Host Accounting Program
       PCjr's Unite!
    3. COLUMNS
       Fido's Bug Report - or How to Kill Fido's Fleas
    4. FOR SALE
       HP150 System For Sale
       Entertainment Software for your PC!
       Public Domain Software Library Sale!!
    5. NOTICES
       Looking for Cromenco Computer
       The Interrupt Stack
       Deaf TTY service for the Fido network?




    Fidonews                     Page 2                   16 Jun 1986


    =================================================================
                                EDITORIAL
    =================================================================

                          The Faceless Community


    There are quite a lot if us here.  About a thousand  sysops,  and
    at  least  ten  times that many users.  Many of us have gotten to
    know each other quite well.  This is  quite  amazing;  especially
    when you consider that few of us have ever met.

    We  know  each  other by the words we type.  We see each other as
    little dots of light  forming  text  on  our  screens.  Sometimes
    those  words  are misleading.  Sarcasm doesn't carry well through
    modems, and bit streams don't carry facial expressions.

    None of this is new.  We all know it (though we may  forget  from
    time to time).

    The  difference  is that now we can change that.  At least a bit,
    for a little while.

    The Colorado PC Users  Group  is  sponsering  the  second  annual
    International   FidoNet   Conference.   This  one's  a  bit  less
    convenient for our friends over in Europe,  but handier for those
    of  us  in  the  United  States.  This one's in Colorado Springs.
    I've been checking;  even from New York the air fare  isn't  that
    expensive.  The  rooms  are only $60 a night for single or double
    occupancy,  making it $30 a night if you get a roommate.  All  in
    all,  it's  a  cheap  way  to meet the people you've been talking
    with, and to make new friends in the FidoNet community.

    There will be all  sorts  of  things  going  on.  There  will  be
    seminars and panel discussions, a banquet, even a Wild West Show.
    And some hardware manufacturers will be there to show  off  their
    stuff.  (If you work with computers,  maybe you can even get your
    company to pick up the tab.)  There will be announcements of  new
    things,  and  explanations  of old things.  And best of all,  the
    conference will be swarming with FidoNet people.

    We'll be there, and we're looking forward to meeting you.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 3                   16 Jun 1986


    =================================================================
                                ARTICLES
    =================================================================

    Amnon Nissan, 158/100

                         Let's help FIDO make it!


       I have been running a BBS for the last 4 years, and a FIDO for
    the last 5 months.  As a supporter of the User Supported software
    I went ahead and sent $25.00  to  the  Fido  Administrators,  and
    later found out that only 5 percent of sysops send anything!!!

       If  you have been running your Fido for a short (or better yet
    long) time,  then you know how expensive it can get.  We have key
    people  doing  a hell of a job keeping us in business (node lists
    and newsletters) and most off us are  taking  them  for  granted.
    WHY?

       Being  the  treasurer for two users groups in my area,  I know
    how good we are going to do when we have the funds,  and how  bad
    it  is  going to be when we are low.  I am sure we will have much
    better service from our key people if they knew they  don't  have
    to dip into their pockets (at times real deep too,  I am sure) to
    get these services to us when we expect them.

       SO..... how about this.

       We all spend a dollar on junk each month!  Why don't  we  send
    this  dollar to the National FidoNet Administrators once a month,
    and see what happens.  Just ONE DOLLAR a month  can  do  miracles
    when  it comes from all the nodes.  Sooner or later it's going to
    come down to the point of live or die (FidoNet),  and I  for  one
    will  hate  to  see  all  my  efforts  go to waste because of ONE
    DOLLAR.

       I even went a little further and figured out how to solve  the
    problem of hundreds of ONE DOLLAR checks,  dropping on St.  Louis
    each month.  Hosts can  collect  from  nodes,  deposit  in  their
    account,  and send one check to their regional coordinators,  who
    will do the same and send one check to St.  Louis.  Of course  it
    will  be better if we all sent $12.00 to begin with for the whole
    year.

       Let's do something for ourselves!

                    Let's keep FidoNet going strong!!

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 4                   16 Jun 1986


    Rob Elliott, 115/100

                              Patching Fido


    Use any disk image patcher (such as the Norton Utilities  on  the
    IBM, or PATCH.EXE on the DEC Rainbow) to find these locations and
    patch accordingly.


    To fix the File Area change bug in 11w:

        At location C273 in FIDO_IBM.EXE (C203 in FIDO_DEC.EXE),  you
        will see the hex string:  3B 5E 08 7E 9C.  Change the  7E  to
        7C.

        Nearer  to  the  top of the file this string,  with 7C in its
        proper place, does exist.  This is probably the Message menu,
        which works correctly.


    To fix the Kermit transfer time inaccuracy in 11w:

        At location D2EC in FIDO_IBM.EXE (D1FD in FIDO_DEC.EXE),  you
        will  see  the hex string:  B9 03 00 F7 E1.  Change the 03 to
        01.

        It seems Fido  was  estimating  the  correct  time  and  then
        multiplying it by three before displaying it.


    Thanks  to  William  Bogartz  of  Fido  102/901  for locating and
    publicizing both of these wonderful patches.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 5                   16 Jun 1986


    Randy Bush, 122/6

                      Some comments on Fido and Time


    Recent discussions  of  the  problems  (and  proposed  solutions)
    caused by time zones,  daylight savings time, and similar natural
    disasters have confused me in many ways; and I fear that I am not
    alone.

    I do not propose solutions.  This would be unwise without a surer
    grip on the problems.  I do want to explore some of the needs and
    requirements so that I might better understand the  problems  and
    evaluate  proposed  solutions.  Excuse some of the formalities in
    the early steps, but I like a firm base.

    0 - Who are the concerned parties?  I  guess  the  following  two
        consumers and two providers.
        o SYSOPs of the myriad Fidos out there in the world,
        o Local USERs of all those Fidos,
        o COORDINATORs of the network, and
        o AUTHORs of Fido software.

    1 - What is their level of expertise?
        o SYSOPs  vary  radically,  but  _each  and  every  one_ must
          install and use whatever it is that the providers  provide.
          Therefore,  Fido  time  management  for  SYSOPs  _must_  be
          addressed to the lowest level  of  computer  understanding.
          Low  maintenance  is  the  only  thing  which  may  be more
          important than ease of installation.
        o Local USERs  are  _amazingly_  naive.  They  are  the  most
          fragile  of  beings  and must not be jarred in any way lest
          they shatter.  I relearn this weekly.
        o COORDINATORs and AUTHORs  seem  to  be  professional  level
          computer  users  if  not  professional  implementors.  They
          should bear the brunt of any changes, confusion,  or tricky
          design.

    2 - What is the presumed Fido SYSOP's machine environment?
        o MSDOS machine (though one hopes that future ...)
        o Hardware  clock  (can  one safely run a Net machine without
          one?)
        o Auto Answer/Dial modem
        o Exclusively Fido, part time Fido, or Fido in 'background'.

    3 - What are the Fido and FidoNet environmental constraints?
        o All public nodes are known to all  other  nodes.  A  random
          node  may  try  to  contact  any other (unpredictable) node
          during any published net window.
        o There is no central knowledge or coordination of the  event
          lists  by  which  an  individual  Fido  schedules,  nor the
          routings set up for each mail schedule.
        o Fido schedules state a time, but not what zone that time is
          in.  It is currently wall clock time, but some suggest that
          it be UST.  Ben Baker suggests that an unused field of  the
          scheduler  record be used to indicate which time zone,  and
    Fidonews                     Page 6                   16 Jun 1986


          either be supported.
        Also interesting, but seeming irrelevant
        o There are privete nodes and nets of which the public net is
          unaware.
        o Routing is known by the net as opposed to the sender (a  la
          Usenet)

    4 - Who cares what time it is or when events occur?
        o Local  USERs  expect  Fido  to think the time is what their
          watches say.  Commercial mail  servers  tend  to  speak  of
          messages  in terms of the sender's local time,  though some
          speak of it as the readers local time.  None speak of it in
          some third (abstract) time.
        o FidoNet  software  has  to  to  keep  things   synchronized
          worldwide.
        o MSDOS  programs  running  between Fido runs or concurrently
          with Fido may be time of day  dependent.  They  often  need
          correct wall clock time.
        o COORDINATORs  want  to  speak in UST when talking globally,
          but in local time when speaking of a  local  net.  This  is
          human  and  should  be indulged if reasonably easy.  SYSOPs
          have this problem too.
        o SYSOPs often maintain text files  describing  their  Fido's
          schedules  so  their users will be able to read about local
          system availability.

    5 - When and why will the time or the timing of an event change?
        o Subsets of the FidoNet continually renegotiate topology and
          timing.  Nets  and  chedules  change.  This  will  probably
          continue for some time.
        o The  wall  clock  is  occasionally adjusted (usually by one
          hour).  These adjustments _tend_ to clump in  time  (Spring
          and Autumn) and by region.
        o The  algorithms  for determining if a particular Fido is to
          move on any particular day in a particular direction  would
          require   continued   maintenance   _if_   they  were  even
          determinable at one point in  time.  This  precludes  total
          automation, period.
        o A  Fido's  hardware  clock will be adjusted occasionally to
          correct for drift.
        o A Fido switches time zones;  either by being moved,  or the
          SYSOP  decides  to  run  on UST,  or switches sides near an
          inter-time zone border.

    6 - What information is required to adjust a local Fido?
        o What different times might  be adjusted?
          - The local time
          - The difference between local time and UST
          - A schedule negotiated with other Fidos
          - The time a local batch process is to be run
        o When the adjustment is to be done?
        o In what direction?
        o By what amount or to what value?
        o If adjusting to an absolute time, is it UST or local?


    Fidonews                     Page 7                   16 Jun 1986


    7 - What are the seeming problems?
        o Is a Fido thought of as on its local time,  local  standard
          time,  or UST?  For the moment,  consider daylight/standard
          as equivalent to switching time zones.  It also helps,  but
          is  not necessary,  to consider a Fido to be schizophrenic,
          and able to think in local and UST simultaneously.
        o When a SYSOP checks schedules for correctness,  some events
          should be expressed in local time (Yell,  local nets,  ...)
          and  some  in  UST  (National  Mail  Hour  [Public  FidoNet
          Window?]).  Displaying  in  both forms and sort options may
          help here.
        o When the time is  changed  due  to  wall  clock  adjustment
          (moving or day/std, one must remember that scheduled events
          then  divide into two sets:
          - Those which will stay at the  same  local  time  are  not
            adjusted  with  respect  to the local time.  They must be
            adjusted with respect to UST,  in the same  direction  as
            the  clock  is adjusted.  Yelling and local net schedules
            are likely to be in this category.
          - Events which stay at the same UST,  must be adjusted with
            respect  to  the  local time in the same direction as the
            clock is being adjusted.  The UHT of National  Mail  Hour
            does  not  move  when  a  Fido  is  moved or when day/std
            changes are made.
        o Schedule renegotiations also fall into two  classes:  those
          expressed  in  local  time  and those expressed in UST.  In
          either case, it is only one schedule being affected, and it
          may be considered in relative isolation.  Neither the  wall
          clock  nor  UST  are being moved.  One might like to move a
          group of schedules together.
        o When  the  hardware  clock  is  corrected  for  drift,   no
          schedules  change,  but Fido must be restarted or otherwise
          made aware of the change.


    So,  have I gotten it correct so far?  If so,  I do not feel that
    the above seriously hampers a solution.  What seems to be missing
    is
      o A  clear  metaphor  for speaking locally in terms of the wall
        clock and globally in UST.
      o An intuitive classification of  event  types  and  adjustment
        types  with  respect to time.  To start we must differentiate
        between
        - Events which are 'on' (ie expressed in terms  of)  UST  and
          are 'fixed'
        - Events which are on local time and move with the wall clock
        - Changing  an  event's  (or  group  of events) time(s) do to
          external renegotiations
        - Changing the local time  due  to  Fido  motion  or  day/std
          changes
        - Correcting clock drift.

    Given  clear  differentiations  here,  what  may  be  most useful
    is(are) a tool(s) for
      o Easily  stating  the  event  schedules  and  their   external
        attributes (ie fixed [UST?] or local)
    Fidonews                     Page 8                   16 Jun 1986


      o Easily moving events in time (either local or UST)
      o Inserting,  deleting, and moving events within the event list
        (as Fido is sensitive to the order of the list)
      o Moving the wall clock and having the events stay  correct  by
        knowing which are fixed and which are movable
      o Viewing (and PREviewing) event schedules and changes in a way
        that  exposes incorrect (ie.  conflicting) schedules.  Moving
        local time may place movable  events  in  conflict  with  UST
        fixed events

    If I have still not drifted too far from reality, Let me propose:
      o Fido  needs  do nothing.  It runs on local time and everybody
        locally thinks in local time.
      o The only time they talk UST is when they  mark  an  event  as
        being   a   fixed   UST   event.   The   Sysop  must  clearly
        differentiate between fixed and movable (with respect to UST,
        they are fixed with respect to local) events.
      o If Fido need not know fixed from movable, the differentiation
        could be made in an auxilliary file (eg. Ben's SCHED.REM).
      o A program such as Ben's EVENT.COM needs to
        - Differentiate the two event types
        - Provide for moving the system clock
        - Adjust appropriate events with or against clock motion

    Well,  by now I must have strayed sufficiently far  or  affronted
    enough folk to quit for the evening.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 9                   16 Jun 1986


    Mike Ringer
    Ex-sysop of Elite Software  117/1262
    Future sysop of Ollies's Mail Board.

                              The Final Word


    Here's my last paper for awhile (at least till August) I'm  going
    out on the Texas A&M Clipper this summer,  so I won't really have
    much of a chance to send  articles  to  FidoNews.  If  anyone  in
    Helsinki  reads  this  I'll  be  there from the 14th of June till
    about the 18th of June, and I would like to trade freeware.  This
    article deals with the Breakup of AT&T,  it's my research  paper.
    I hope you find it interesting.  I almost forgot, I'll be setting
    up  a  Mail-only  board  in  Commerce Texas,  so until then "Good
    Computing!"

         Divestiture  of  American  Telephone  and  Telegraph,  AT&T,
    forced  the  world's  largest  monopoly  out  of  local telephone
    business,  but AT&T has been allowed to stay as a  long  distance
    carrier.    Corporations   such   as   Microwave   Communications
    Incorporated,  MCI,  have entered the market  place  offering  an
    alternative  to AT&T.  This has given customers a choice of other
    long distance carriers.  Because of  the  breakup  of  AT&T,  the
    customer should take into consideration telephone rates,  billing
    of customers and service before choosing a long distance  carrier
    company.  The  users  can  now  decide  which service meets their
    needs. Will AT&T survive the challenge of MCI and the competition
    of the spin-off telephone companies?

         The reason AT&T was broken up is simple. AT&T had a monopoly
    in the  telephone  market,  and  divestiture  was  imminent.  The
    people  who caused the divestiture wanted more competition in the
    long distance market (Hacker, 1985,  153).  AT&T owned twenty-two
    local  Bell  Operating  Companies,  which  were formed into seven
    telephone companies,  such as Southwestern  Bell  and  Ameritech.
    AT&T  had  to  divide its 150 billion dollars in assets among the
    newly formed companies (Marback 55).  Upon doing this  AT&T  lost
    control  over all local telephone call business because the local
    companies assumed all local service.  Local  telephone  operating
    companies  have lost all long distance revenues.  Due to the loss
    of these revenues, local service rates will be low enough for all
    to afford (Seelman 14).  AT&T will  be  able  to  sell  and  rent
    telephone  equipment,  but  so  will any other company.  AT&T has
    also kept the right to continue producing the Yellow  Pages.  The
    Yellow  Pages  have  attracted 150 million users and have doubled
    the advertising income.  This increase has been from  8%  to  10%
    annually for the last five years (Business Week, 23 January 1984,
    132).

         Regional companies have planned on gaining 75% of the mother
    company's  150  billion  dollars  in assets (Tunstall 57).  Right
    after the breakup shareholders were not  sure  what  to  do  with
    their  AT&T stock.  AT&T management planned to give share holders
    one share of common stock in the new Bell companies for every ten
    shares of AT&T stock (57).  Fingleton claims "damage to the stock
    Fidonews                     Page 10                  16 Jun 1986


    price would be minimal although asset value  per  share  will  be
    reduced."  (41).  Many  analyst  feel  that share holders will be
    better off and that AT&T revenues are likely to rise. (U.S.  News
    &  World  Report,  25 January 1982,  58) A meeting was held where
    AT&T shareholders could voice their opinions on the  divestiture.
    The  purpose  of this meeting was to help the shareholders under-
    stand what was happening to their stock  (Time,  23  April  1984,
    66).  Although AT&T is no longer a monopoly, it will be regulated
    in  each  state  by  local  officials  (Sloan  80).  Due  to  the
    divestiture agreement,  AT&T will be able to  enter  new  fields,
    such  as  computer  and data processing.  It has already unveiled
    six new computers, which will compete with International Business
    Machines, IBM (Demott 67).

         MCI,  Microwave Communications Incorporated,  was formed  in
    1968,  "and  since  then  they  have  been chipping away at AT&T,
    trying to get a foot hold in the  long  distance  carrier  world"
    (Time, 23 February 1981, 99).  MCI's original purpose was to give
    businesses  cheaper long distance rates for calls between Chicago
    and St. Louis.  MCI filed an application with the FCC, requesting
    the right  to  run  specialized  voice  and  data  communications
    (Shooshan  32).  In  an  attempt to undercut AT&T even more,  MCI
    released Execunet in 1975.  Execunet  linked  twenty-four  cities
    across  the  United  States.  The  Execunet prices were about one
    half of AT&T's rates.  But, the customer had to dial a twenty-two
    number sequence code to make one long distance  call  (Kleinfield
    157).

         MCI  started  a  campaign  blitz  in  the  media to make the
    company  name  a  "common  household  word"  (Business  Week,  13
    February  1984)  and  "sparked  a  rebuilding  of business commu-
    nications" (Business Week, 17 February 1986, 86).  "Bill McGowan,
    Chairman  of  MCI,  looks  too  mean  to  work  for  AT&T" states
    Kleinfield (171).  McGowan says that "AT&T is so big it's  almost
    impossible  for you or me to understand how big it is....  if you
    count from the day when Christ was born.... counting at one count
    per second,  it would take until 1902 to  count  out  the  annual
    revenues of AT&T" (171).  Though they lost 40% of their customers
    due to a complicated access code (Time,  11 June  1984,  47),  in
    1984 MCI was a major long distance carrier.  MCI made an alliance
    with IBM, which stunned the long distance carrier world (Business
    Week, 17 February 1986,  88).  This alliance enabled them to gain
    an  even  bigger foothold in the world of long distance telephone
    calls,  by giving them access  to  bigger  and  better  satellite
    dishes (Business Week,  17 February 1986,  88).  Another alliance
    that MCI made was with American Express and Sears  card  holders.
    This  alliance allows the card holders to make credit calls using
    MCI (U.S. News & World Report, 30 January 1984, 56).  Even though
    MCI has had poor carriers in the past, they get better and better
    every year.  Soon they might  have  as  strong  a  long  distance
    network  and service as AT&T does.  Within the next few years MCI
    will offer  directory  assistance  as  AT&T  does  now  (Consumer
    Reports, September 1984, 493).  Other new long distance companies
    will double their holdings (Business Week, 13 February 1984, 106)
    but will fold or merge with other long distance companies (108).

    Fidonews                     Page 11                  16 Jun 1986


         At first people did not understand the full impact  of  what
    was  about  to  happen to AT&T.  Many people did not realize that
    AT&T was going to be divided and no longer provide local service.
    There where many people who thought the telephones would go  dead
    on  that  fateful  New  Year's  Eve in 1982,  when AT&T no longer
    controlled the local telephone service and the regional telephone
    companies  no  longer  controlled  the  long  distance  telephone
    business.  For  nearly  100 years the Bell Systems controlled the
    central nervous system of the United States  (Seelman  16).  Many
    people  claim  the  new telephone companies are less friendly and
    much slower (Demott 66),  but AT&T officials claim that there  is
    nothing to fear.

         You  can  still buy or rent your telephone,  and they (AT&T)
    have set up a toll free number  for  people  who  have  questions
    about  the breakup (Demott 53).  One major problem AT&T will have
    is their billing service.  Some people are going to be  receiving
    some  outrageous  telephone  bills.  A  few AT&T customers in the
    Northeast received nine page bills  covering  months  of  service
    (53).  The  reason  these  bills  are  so high is because AT&T is
    trying to catch up on old service provided  during  the  lawsuits
    (54).  Customers  will  probably be receiving large bills for the
    next two years.  AT&T plans on combining  long  distance  service
    bills and rental bills (Business Week,  30 September.  1985, 50).
    To help lower these bills AT&T has made  a  10.5%  cut  in  rates
    (Demott 52).  Even though AT&T does not plan on losing a majority
    of the telephone business (Business Week, 13 February. 1984, 106)
    they  plan  on  making rate cuts while MCI must make increases in
    rates, due to an FCC ruling (Business Week 17 February 1986, 86).

         Another threat to AT&T is the Baby Bells,  the new companies
    formed  when  the  AT&T  monopoly  was  broken up.  The seven new
    companies dubbed "Baby Bells" (Rudolph 49),  are Ameritech,  Bell
    Atlantic,  Pacific Telesis,  Southwestern Bell,  Nynex,  and U.S.
    West.   The  Baby  Bells  are  entering  other   fields   besides
    telecommunications.  Nynex,  the New York Baby, bought eighty-one
    of IBM's  computer  stores,  then  merged  them  with  their  own
    computer  store,  Datago,  to create the seventh largest computer
    chain in the states (49).  Bell Atlantic  has  entered  into  the
    computer  business.  Bell Atlantic repairs computers,  and runs a
    financing operation which accounts for 427 million dollars of the
    company's 9.1 billion dollars in assets (49).  At the moment Baby
    Bells  are lobbying to loosen the legal noose around their necks,
    in hopes of  expanding  into  even  more  fields  (49).  AT&T  is
    striking  back,  they  have  offered  a  long distance service to
    businesses  that  bypass  the  Baby  Bells.   This  service  uses
    satellites  and  fiber  optics  to  bypass  the  local  telephone
    companies,  therefore eliminating access charges.  Last year this
    process netted AT&T 21 million dollars (49).

         In  1984  AT&T  had  a  fairly  firm grip over long distance
    calls.  They had a large number of competitors taking only 8%  of
    AT&T's  long  distance  calls  (Business Week,  13 February 1984,
    102).  AT&T advertises that they  have  faster  customer  service
    compared to MCI, which takes days to correct a wrong number. AT&T
    also  claims  to  be  the  only  long  distance company which has
    Fidonews                     Page 12                  16 Jun 1986


    operators to help you with every type of service you  want,  such
    as  reverse  charges,  and  person  to person calls (U.S.  News &
    World Report 11 June 1984, 91).  MCI claims to save you up to 40%
    over AT&T. But, AT&T has dropped their rates by 6.1 percent since
    May 1984 (U.S. News and World Report, 11 June 1984, 90).  One way
    AT&T  is  striking  back  at  MCI  is by offering credit for long
    distance calls.  The credit will help you  save  money  on  items
    such as GE blenders or a night at a Howard Johnson Motel.

         Local  telephone  companies  are  looking  for  new  ways to
    generate revenue.  One idea is an access charge and the other  is
    an  usage or service rate based on the number of times a customer
    uses the system.  The FCC approves of both these  ideas  (Seelman
    20).  Access charges would be a flat rate the customers would pay
    to their local telephone companies.  It would be a minimum charge
    each month even though the customer does not use the system (20).
    The other charge is called a limited service or usage  rate.  The
    customers  are  charged  a  rate  based  on how much they use the
    system for local and long distance calls.  When using  this  type
    of  rate schedule the cost of the service does not have a monthly
    minimum charge unlike the access charges,  but both  are  costing
    the consumer (20).

         Two  advantages MCI has over AT&T are (1) in the near future
    they will have their own long distance  network  (Money,  January
    1984,  80),  (2)  and  over the last two years they have paid 45%
    less for using the long  distance  network  than  AT&T  has  paid
    (Business Week,  13 February 1984,  106).  The majority of AT&T's
    profits have been generated from old  telephone  business  rather
    than their new computer business (Demott 67).  AT&T has been able
    to keep their rates fairly competitive with MCI's rates.  Another
    problem  facing  AT&T  is that by 1986 all long distance carriers
    will have equal access to switching and  transmission  facilities
    (Money, August 1984, 109).  AT&T is not concerned by equal access
    because  they  have had 100% of the direct access business.  They
    feel they will not be  loosing  money  or  business  when  direct
    access is expanded to other companies (Forbes, 21 May 1984, 204).
    AT&T  customers  will be able to use other long distance carriers
    even if they decide to keep AT&T.  All the customer needs  to  do
    is dial one-zero and a three digit access code to get the company
    they want (Business Week,  26 August 1985, 31).  MCI does have an
    advantage  of  not  billing  for  short  or   unanswered   calls.
    Considering  they  do not have the computer device that regulates
    short time calls,  you do not  get  billed  for  them.  (Consumer
    Report, November 1983, 618).

         The  strengths  of  AT&T are immediate correction of numbers
    dialed incorrectly, operator assistance, and one hundred years of
    service.  Both companies are excellent, but MCI has some distinct
    advantages  over  AT&T  such  as lower cost,  owning its own long
    distance network, and expanding its long distance market to other
    U.S.  cities and overseas as it  grows.  Being  able  to  use  an
    American  Express  Card  to  charge  telephone  calls  means card
    holders can use  MCI  easily  anywhere  the  caller  can  find  a
    telephone,  and  this is a big advantage when traveling,  because
    American Express is a commonly owned card.  MCI showed  a  profit
    Fidonews                     Page 13                  16 Jun 1986


    of  13  million dollars in 1985 on two and a half billion dollars
    in revenues  (Business  Week,  17  February  1986,  86).  MCI  is
    smaller and younger than AT&T, and MCI feels the customer can get
    to  know  the  company  better.  A majority of MCI employees came
    from Bell Labs,  an AT&T  company,  which  gives  them  the  same
    technical  knowledge found in AT&T (Kleinfield 170),  but the new
    company may allow its employees more freedom to do  research  and
    therefore  be  able to cause technical advances not held by AT&T.
    MCI is the company of the future and will definitely move ahead
    in the world of telecommunications.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 14                  16 Jun 1986


    David Dodell, 114/15

                                 MAILCOST
                     OutBound Host Accounting Program


    One of our resident programming gurus here in Phoenix, Tim Evans,
    has written a program to handle outbound host accounting.  In the
    Phoenix net we wanted to organize into  a  inbound/outbound  host
    system to keep national mail flowing into and out of the net at a
    efficient pace.

    We  also  wanted  to  take  advantage  of  sharing  costs on long
    distance netmail.  We figured,  if two boards in Phoenix had mail
    going to the same inbound host, why make two separate phone calls
    that  take  15  seconds  each  and  pay  twice when they could be
    packeted together into  one  phone  call.  Therefore,  each  node
    would  split  the cost.  We did not have the advantage here as in
    other nets where the outbound host was located at a company  that
    would   absorb  the  long  distance  phone  charges.   Therefore,
    MAILCOST and MAILRPT were developed.

    Basically,  MAILCOST scans the Fido MAILER.LOG,  searchs for  the
    specified  long  distance schedule,  and outputs a summary of all
    packets  actually  sent  to  other  nets.  Each  node's  cost  is
    calculated  on  a pro-rated share of the number of messages sent.
    MAILRPT totals all costs for each sending  node,  and  outputs  a
    listing of the total cost for each node.

    As  the outbound host for the Phoenix net,  I run the report each
    month and send each node a netmail  message  telling  them  their
    netmail costs for the month.

    The  national  time  slot  is becoming quite busy - I find I have
    days go by trying to get through to some inbound hosts.  If  more
    nets  would  implement  an outbound host program,  there would be
    fewer nodes actually making the calls during the  national  slot,
    and  hopefully  traffic would flow smoother and faster.  Now each
    net has no excuse not to implement an outbound host  program  due
    to this accounting lacking within FIDO.

    For  those  of you running SEAdog - Tim is working on a switch in
    the control file to change and search the SEAdog format  for  the
    same information.

        For  those running SEAdog - MCOST12.ARC can be requested from
        114/15 24 hours a day using GET or the File  Request  utility
        in MAIL.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 15                  16 Jun 1986


    Phil Kaiser, 104/904

                              PCjr's Unite!


    I think the heading just about says what I want.  I want to  make
    up a listing of ALL boards that are totally PCjr specific or have
    PCjr Message or File areas on them.

    Send  me  a  note  if your board supports the PCjr.  You can also
    advise me of other Fido's,  since all don't receive FidoNews,  in
    your area (city,  state, and country).  Now, I know a lot of PCjr
    boards are not Fido's (Colossus,  PC-Board..etc..)  and  I  would
    like  to  know  about them also.  These MUST be confirmed current
    boards.  Not ones that you've "heard" about!

    This is the info I would like to have:  Board Name (and  net/node
    if Fido),  Sysop Name,  City,  State, Country, Phone #, High Baud
    Rate, hours.....i.e.

    PCjr-NET 104/904 Phil Kaiser Englewood,CO.USA 3037894610 2400 24

    I am NOT trying to set up another net.  My users deserve to  know
    about  other  PCjr  BBS's around the country (world?).  And,  I'm
    just plain curious!  Finally,  if YOU would like a  copy  of  the
    final listing be sure to let me know.  I should be able to get it
    out in about 4 weeks.

    Send all replies to: 104/904 - PCjr-NET .
    Or, you can call the board direct at 303-789-4610 - up to 2400
    bps and 24 hours a day.

    Thank you for your help.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 16                  16 Jun 1986


    =================================================================
                                 COLUMNS
    =================================================================

    David Dodell, Fido Bugs West, 1/98
    Marvin Shelton, Fido Bugs East, 1/99


    Well the reports keep flying in.  Fido Bugs East  1/99  has  been
    down for the last couple of weeks but should be up and running by
    the  time  you read this.  Also Fido Bugs West is now running the
    SEAdog front-end for Fido and can  receive  bug  reports  at  any
    time, not just regular mail times.

    The only bug that we can report this week with any solution is as
    follows:

    Many  users  were complaining that their normal level users could
    not access Message/File area #1 when selecting a  area  from  the
    expanded  menu.  They  could  beat  this  problem  by  going into
    another area and use the short-hand notation "A 1".

    I spoke to Tom Jennings on the phone and the problem seems to  be
    a  "bug" in the way Fido handles the SYSTEMx.BBS files.  What you
    have to do to correct the problem is make the greatest number  of
    SYSTEMx.BBS  (the  last SYSTEMx.BBS created) at a privilege level
    equal to or less than what you want access into area #1.

    To everyone who submits a report,  we read them all but  can  not
    answer  them  all.  If  a  report can be duplicated at either BUG
    node or appropriate test node then it  is  forwarded  to  T.J.  -
    otherwise we will contact you back for more information.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 17                  16 Jun 1986


    =================================================================
                                FOR SALE
    =================================================================

                              HP 150 SYSTEM

    Hewlett-Packard HP 150 with 9134XV 15 Mbyte hard disk,  9121 dual
    microfloppy disks, 82906A external printer, and Hayes 1200 modem.
    Software  includes  WordStar,   MailMerge,   SpelStar,   PCF,  HP
    Graphics,  VisiCalc,  GW  Basic,  Microsoft  Fortran,   Microsoft
    Pascal,  Turbo Pascal, Dsnlink, BPI Accounting, Dbase, and the HP
    Programmer's Tool Kit.  A large number of public domain  programs
    are  also  included,  along  with  approximately  100 microfloppy
    disks.

    This complete system can be yours for only $3450.  Reply  to  Jim
    Cannell on FIDO 128/13, (303) 635-5468.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 18                  16 Jun 1986


                 ENTERTAINMENT SOFTWARE FOR YOUR PC!

                         SUPERDOTS!  KALAH!

    Professional quality games include PASCAL source!  From  the
    author of KALAH Version 1.6,  SuperDots,  a variation of the
    popular pencil/paper DOTS game,  has MAGIC  and  HIDDEN  DOT
    options.  KALAH  1.7  is  an African strategy game requiring
    skill to manipulate pegs around a playing board.  Both games
    use the ANSI Escape sequences  provided  with  the  ANSI.SYS
    device driver for the IBM-PC,  or built into the firmware on
    the DEC  Rainbow.  Only  $19.95  each  or  $39.95  for  both
    exciting  games!  Please  specify  version  and disk format.
    These games have been written in standard  TURBO-PASCAL  and
    run on the IBM-PC,  DEC Rainbow 100 (MSDOS and CPM), CPM/80,
    CPM/86,  and PDP-11.  Other disk formats are available,  but
    minor customization may be required.

                            BSS Software
                            P.O. Box 3827
                        Cherry Hill, NJ 08034


    For every order placed,  a donation will be made to the Fido
    coordinators!  Also, if you have a previous version of KALAH
    and send me a donation, a portion of that donation will also
    be sent to the coordinators.  When you place  an  order,  BE
    CERTAIN  TO  MENTION  WHERE  YOU  SAW  THE  AD since it also
    appears in PC Magazine and Digital Review.

    Questions and comments can be sent to:

                     Brian Sietz at  Fido 107/17
                     (609) 429-6630    300/1200/2400 baud

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 19                  16 Jun 1986


             Now available from Micro Consulting Associates!!

    Public Domain collection - 400+  "ARC"  archives  -  15  megs  of
    software  and  other  goodies,  and that's "archived" size!  When
    unpacked,  you get approximately 21 megabytes worth of all  kinds
    of  software,  from text editors to games to unprotection schemes
    to communications programs, compilers, interpreters, etc...

    This collection is the result of more than 15 months of intensive
    downloads from just about 150 or more BBS's  and  other  sources,
    all  of  which have been examined,  indexed and archived for your
    convenience.  Starting a Bulletin Board System?  Want to  add  on
    to your software base without spending thousands of dollars? This
    is the answer!!!

    To  order  the  library,  send  $100  (personal or company check,
    postal money order or company purchase order) to:

                   Micro Consulting Associates, Fido 103/511
                   Post Office Box 4296
                   200-1/2 E. Balboa Boulevard
                   Balboa, Ca. 92661-4296

    Please allow 3 weeks for delivery of your order.

    Note:  No profit is made from  the  sale  of  the  Public  Domain
    software  in  this  collection.  The price is applied entirely to
    the cost of  downloading  the  software  over  the  phone  lines,
    running  a  BBS  to  receive  file  submissions,  and inspecting,
    cataloguing, archiving and maintaining the files.  Obtaining this
    software  yourself  through  the  use  of a computer with a modem
    using commercial phone access would cost you much more than  what
    we charge for the service...

    Please specify what type of format you would like the disks to be
    prepared on.  The following choices are available:
          - IBM PC-DOS Backup utility
          - Zenith MS-DOS 2.11 Backup Utility
          - DSBackup
          - Fastback
          - ACS INTRCPT 720k format (Requires a 1.2m floppy
              drive and PC-DOS 3.2)
          - Plain  ol' files (add $50)

    Add  $30  if  you  want  the  library  on  1.2 meg AT disks (more
    expensive disks).  There are no  shipping  or  handling  charges.
    California residents add 6% tax.

    For each sale, $10 will go to the FidoNet Administrators.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 20                  16 Jun 1986


                                 SERVTECH

                                    by
                            Rylos Technologies
                         10213 Heron Pond Terrace
                          Burke, Virginia 22015
                       (c) 1986 Rylos Technologies


         o SERVTECH is designed specifically to work with your IBM
           PC/XT, COMPAQ Deskpro, or COMPAQ Plus

         o SERVTECH will assist you in initial computer setup !

                 - Guidelines for computer disassembly

                 - Pictorial Guide to switch settings
                   (You  tell us what you have  in  your computer, we
                   SHOW you how to set the switches)

         o SERVTECH deciphers error messages !

                 - You tell us the problem, we assist you in fixing
                   it. Wherever possible, we show you the exact
                   componant causing the problem !

                 - Through a series of questions and answers we will
                   give 'probable cause' suggestions to try.

         o SERVTECH is easy to use !

                 - Employees at General Motors say "SERVTECH is
                   perfect  for the  person  who  has to support
                   their own  XT, a  must for every software
                   library."

    To order SERVTECH, send a check or money order for $ 49.95 To :

                            RYLOS TECHNOLOGIES
                         10213 Heron Pond Terrace
                             Burke, VA. 22015

            ********* SPECIAL NOTICE FOR FIDO USERS *********

    Order a copy of SERVTECH today, mention you saw the ad on a FIDO
    system or newsletter, and Rylos will donate $ 5.00 to the IFNA !

    A demonstration version of SERVTECH is available on FIDO # 603,
    accessible through the  PC PURSUIT system.  Call (703) 689-3561
    to download a copy.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Fidonews                     Page 21                  16 Jun 1986


    =================================================================
                                 NOTICES
    =================================================================

    Leo Bores, 114/14


    The Bores Eye Institute needs your help.  If you know  of  anyone
    who  has  access  to  a Cromenco computer with a modem we can use
    that person's assistance.  We have some  important  patient  data
    files  on  8"  Cromenco  disks that need conversion to 5 1/4" and
    MS(PC)-DOS format.  This is research data and is very  important.
    Our  budget  cannot  afford  the heavy cost of direct conversion.
    We'd like to transfer them by  phone  if  possible.  We  can  pay
    expenses and a gratuity for the service.

    Please help.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

                         The Interrupt Stack


    20 Jul 1986
       St. Louis Area Sysops Meeting, to be held at Baker's Acre.
       Net 100 sysops please contact Ben Baker at 100/76 for details
       and directions.

    14 Aug 1986
       Start of the International FidoNet Conference, Colorado
       Springs, Colorado.  Contact George Wing at node 1/10 for
       details.  Get your reservations in NOW!  We'll see you there!

    24 Aug 1989
       Voyager 2 passes Neptune.


    If you have something which you would like to see on this
    calendar, please send a message to FidoNet node 1/1.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Duff Smith, 109/624

                  Deaf TTY service for the Fido network?


    I hope to generate interest in accommodating  the  Deaf  citizens
    owning a TTY (teletype device).

    I  believe  there is a huge market of fairly isolated deaf people
    who could greatly benefit from Fido service - and the hardware is
    basically compatible,  though it runs slower than  the  300  Baud
    lower limit.

    The  only necessary modification to Fido is that it recognize the
    Fidonews                     Page 22                  16 Jun 1986


    lower Baud rate.

    Hardware modification to any Fido board that supports 300 Baud is
    unnecessary, as the bell 300 baud standard provides 0-300 Baud.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    Hello,   I  am  an  unemployed  geophysicist/computer  programmer
    looking  for  work.  If you know of any companies that might need
    someone or know of a good employment agency feel free to leave me
    a message, call, or write:

                                   BILL
                              (303) 344-2513
                             1198 Yost Street
                          Aurora, Colorado 80011

    -----------------------------------------------------------------

    The Microcomputer Managers Association may be reached at:

        333 Sylvan Avenue
        Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632-2705
        800-922-0324 or 201-569-8542

    Steven I. Gross is the Communications Coordinator.  Annual
    membership is $40.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------