Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) T. Lemon

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) T. Lemon
Request for Comments: 6422 Nominum
Updates: 3315 Q. Wu
Category: Standards Track Huawei
ISSN: 2070-1721 December 2011

Relay-Supplied DHCP Options

Abstract

DHCPv6 relay agents cannot communicate with DHCPv6 clients directly.
However, in some cases, the relay agent possesses some information
that would be useful to the DHCPv6 client. This document describes a
mechanism whereby the DHCPv6 relay agent can provide such information
to the DHCPv6 server, which can, in turn, pass this information on to
the DHCP client.

This document updates RFC 3315 (DHCPv6) by making explicit the
implicit requirement that relay agents not modify the content of
encapsulation payloads as they are relayed back toward clients.

Status of This Memo

This is an Internet Standards Track document.

This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.

Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6422.

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RFC 6422 Relay-Supplied DHCP Options December 2011

Copyright Notice

Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.

This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ....................................................2
1.1. Requirements Language ......................................3
1.2. Terminology ................................................3
2. Protocol Summary ................................................3
3. Encoding ........................................................3
4. RSOO-Enabled Options ............................................4
5. DHCP Relay Agent Behavior .......................................4
6. DHCP Server Behavior ............................................5
7. Security Considerations .........................................6
8. IANA Considerations .............................................7
9. References ......................................................7
9.1. Normative References .......................................7
9.2. Informative References .....................................7

1. Introduction

The DHCPv6 specification [RFC3315] allows DHCP relay agents to
forward DHCPv6 messages between clients and servers that are not on
the same IPv6 link. In some cases, the DHCP relay agent has
information not available to the DHCP server that would be useful to
provide to a DHCP client. For example, the DHCP client may need to
learn the EAP Re-authentication Protocol (ERP) local domain name
[RFC6440] for use in EAP re-authentication [RFC5296], which is known
to the relay agent but not the server.

The DHCPv6 protocol specification does not provide a mechanism
whereby the relay agent can provide options to the client. This
document extends DHCP with a mechanism that allows DHCP relay agents
to propose options for the server to send to DHCP clients.

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RFC 6422 Relay-Supplied DHCP Options December 2011

This document is not intended to provide a general mechanism for
storing client configuration information in the relay agent. Rather,
it is intended to address specific use cases where only the relay
agent has information needed by the client. This extension is not
applicable to DHCP options in general, but rather provided as a
mechanism for new specifications that require this functionality.

1.1. Requirements Language

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

1.2. Terminology

The following terms and acronyms are used in this document:

o DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Version 6 [RFC3315]

o RSOO: Relay-Supplied Options option

2. Protocol Summary

DHCP clients do not support a mechanism for receiving options from
relay agents -- the relay agent is required to deliver the payload
from the DHCP server to the DHCP client without changing it. In
order for the DHCP relay agent to provide options to the client, it
sends those options to the DHCP server, encapsulated in an RSOO. The
DHCP server can then choose to place those options in the response it
sends to the client.

3. Encoding

In order to supply options for the DHCP server to send to the client,
the relay agent sends an RSOO in the Relay-Forward message. This
option encapsulates whatever options the relay agent wishes to
provide to the DHCPv6 server.

0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| OPTION_RSOO | option-length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| options...
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

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RFC 6422 Relay-Supplied DHCP Options December 2011

OPTION_RSOO

Relay-Supplied Options code (66).

option-length

Length of the RSOO.

options

One or more DHCPv6 options.

4. RSOO-Enabled Options

The RSOO MUST NOT contain any option that is not specifically called
out as an RSOO-enabled option. Specifications that describe RSOO-
enabled options MUST reference this specification, and MUST state
that the option they define is RSOO-enabled. No DHCP option
specified prior to the issuance of this specification is RSOO-
enabled.

A current list of RSOO-enabled options can be found in the list
titled "Options Permitted in the Relay-Supplied Options Option"
maintained at http://www.iana.org/.

DHCP option specifications that define RSOO-enabled options MUST add
text similar to the following to their IANA Considerations section;
"random relay option" should be replaced with the name of the option
being defined in the specification:

We request that IANA add the name "random relay option" to the
registry titled "Options Permitted in the Relay-Supplied Options
Option" maintained at http://www.iana.org/.

5. DHCP Relay Agent Behavior

Relay agents MAY include an RSOO in the option payload of a Relay-
Forward message being sent toward a DHCP server. When relaying the
payload of Relay-Reply messages toward clients, relay agents MUST NOT
modify the payload.

Relay agents MUST NOT send non-RSOO-enabled options in the Relay-
Supplied Options option.

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RFC 6422 Relay-Supplied DHCP Options December 2011

In order to allow network administrators to control the flow of RSOO
options onto the network, relay agents that implement the Relay-
Supplied Options option need to have a configuration parameter that
determines whether or not they will relay Relay-Forward messages
containing RSOOs.

Relay agents that have this configuration parameter and that are
configured to disable forwarding of a Relay-Forward message
containing an RSOO MUST silently discard any such message.

Implementations that can be configured in this way MUST examine all
Relay-Forward encapsulations, not just the outer encapsulation.

6. DHCP Server Behavior

DHCP servers that implement this protocol specification MUST examine
each option contained in an RSOO to see if it is an RSOO-enabled
option. DHCP servers MUST silently discard any option contained in
an RSOO that is not RSOO-enabled. DHCP server implementations SHOULD
have an administrator-configurable list of RSOO-enabled options, so
that new RSOO-enabled options do not require software to be updated.

DHCP servers normally construct a list of options that are candidates
to send to the DHCP client, and then construct the DHCP packet
according to Section 17.2.2 of the DHCPv6 specification [RFC3315].

If the server implementing this protocol specification receives an
RSOO, it SHOULD add any options that appear in the RSOO for which it
has no internal candidate to the list of options that are candidates
to send to the DHCP client. The server SHOULD discard any options
that appear in the RSOO for which it already has one or more
candidates.

Aside from the addition of options from the RSOO, the DHCP server
should then construct a DHCP packet as it normally would, and
transmit it to the DHCP client as described in [RFC3315].

DHCP servers may receive multiply-nested Relay-Forward messages
containing conflicting values for options contained in RSOOs in these
messages.

When such a conflict exists, the DHCP server MUST choose no more than
one of these options to forward to the client. The DHCP server MUST
NOT forward more than one of these options to the client.

By default, the DHCP server MUST choose the innermost value -- the
value supplied by the relay agent closest to the DHCP client -- to
forward to the DHCP client.

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RFC 6422 Relay-Supplied DHCP Options December 2011

DHCP server implementations MAY provide other heuristics for choosing
which one of a set of such conflicting options to forward to the
client, as long as the specified behavior is the default behavior.

7. Security Considerations

This document provides a mechanism whereby a relay agent can inject
options into the response the DHCP server sends to the DHCP client.
In currently known use cases -- for example, the ERP Local Domain
Option [RFC6440] -- RSOO-enabled options are options that will only
ever originate on a relay agent, and do not make sense when
originating on a DHCP server.

In the event that some new RSOO-enabled option is specified that can
originate from either the server or the relay agent, this should be
addressed in the Security Considerations section of the document that
specifies the use of that option.

In some environments, there is an interface on one side of which is
the client, and zero or more routers, and on the other side of which
is a network managed by a monolithic or effectively monolithic
administrative entity. Nodes and routers on the client side of the
interface are not controlled by this entity, and are considered
"untrusted". Nodes and routers on the network side of this interface
are considered trusted.

It is possible for a malicious node acting as a relay agent on the
untrusted side of this interface to supply an RSOO containing one or
more RSOO-enabled options that would override the same option or
options that were provided by a relay agent on the trusted side of
the interface.

In environments where this is a possibility, network administrators
are advised to use relay agents that are capable of dropping Relay-
Forward messages containing the RSOO, and are advised to configure
those relay agents to drop such messages.

Note, however, that this will only be effective if the message from
the DHCP server to the DHCP client is authenticated as specified in
Section 21 of [RFC3315], or using some similar mechanism. Without
this authentication, the malicious node on the untrusted portion of
the network can simply modify the DHCP server's response in transit
back to the DHCP client, and there is no way for the client to detect
that this has happened.

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RFC 6422 Relay-Supplied DHCP Options December 2011

8. IANA Considerations

IANA has assigned one new DHCPv6 option code from the registry of
DHCP Option Codes maintained at http://www.iana.org/. The option
code 66 (OPTION_RSOO) has been assigned to the Relay-Supplied Options
option.

IANA has created a new registry on the same assignments page, titled
"Options Permitted in the Relay-Supplied Options Option". This
registry will enumerate the set of all code points from the DHCP
Option Codes table for options that may appear in the RSOO. Options
may be added to this list after IETF Review [RFC5226]. When adding
options to the list, please ensure that the description for the code
added matches the description in the DHCP Option Codes table for that
code. Option codes that have not been requested to be added
according to the stated procedure should not be mentioned at all in
the table, and should not be listed as "reserved" or "unassigned".

IETF Review should include careful consideration of the security
implications of allowing a relay agent to provide a value for the
option being considered for addition to this registry. In the case
where an IETF working group chartered to review DHCP protocol
extensions exists, it is not sufficient for some other working group
to review the registry addition.

9. References

9.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC3315] Droms, R., Ed., Bound, J., Volz, B., Lemon, T., Perkins,
C., and M. Carney, "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
for IPv6 (DHCPv6)", RFC 3315, July 2003.

[RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
May 2008.

9.2. Informative References

[RFC5296] Narayanan, V. and L. Dondeti, "EAP Extensions for EAP
Re-authentication Protocol (ERP)", RFC 5296, August 2008.

[RFC6440] Zorn, G., Wu, Q., and Y. Wang, "The EAP Re-authentication
Protocol (ERP) Local Domain Name DHCPv6 Option", RFC 6440,
December 2011.

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RFC 6422 Relay-Supplied DHCP Options December 2011

Authors' Addresses

Ted Lemon
Nominum
2000 Seaport Blvd.
Redwood City, CA 94063
USA

Phone: +1 650 381 6000
EMail: [email protected]

Qin Wu
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
101 Software Avenue, Yuhua District
Nanjing, Jiangsu 210012
China

Phone: +86-25-56623633
EMail: [email protected]

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