_______   ______   __   __   ______   __        __        _______
    |       | |      | |  | |  | |      | |  |      |  |      |       |
    |   _   | |_    _| |  | |  | |  ____| |  |      |  |      |   _   |
    |  | |  |   |  |   |  | |  | | |      |  |      |  |      |  | |  |
    |  | |  |   |  |   |  | |  | | |      |  |      |  |      |  | |  |
    |  | |  |   |  |   |  |_|  | | |___   |  |      |  |      |  | |  |
    |  | |  |   |  |   |       | |  ___|  |  |      |  |      |  | |  |
    |  | |  |   |  |   |   _   | | |      |  |      |  |      |  | |  |
    |  | |  |   |  |   |  | |  | | |      |  |      |  |      |  | |  |
    |  |_|  |   |  |   |  | |  | | |____  |  |____  |  |____  |  |_|  |
    |       |   |  |   |  | |  | |      | |       | |       | |       |
    |_______|   |__|   |__| |__| |______| |_______| |_______| |_______|

Copyright Kawada 1986
Written By Brian P. Sulpher
E-mail: [email protected]
Version 1.6
Dates Written: May 30th to June 1st, 2003

I dedicate this to anyone who appreciates this somewhat unknown game!  Great
fun, great logic builder, and a great brain exercise that will leave you
wanting more!  Seconds to learn... a LIFETIME to master!

Also, for Cougar, Howler, and Koonce.  I miss you, and I hope you are living
it up in the afterlife as you did in this world.  You will always be in my
memories, and you will never be forgotten.

-----------
Version 1.0
-----------

-Submitted guide on June 1st, 2003

-----------
Version 1.5
-----------

-Submitted guide on July 1st, 2004
-Altered format to make it easier on the eyes and easier to navigate

-----------
Version 1.6
-----------

-Submitted guide on 16th of October, 2005
-I added in Retronintendo and Honestgamers as sites allowed to use my FAQs
-Altered the format to make it easier on the eyes of the reader

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------Table Of Contents------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

1) Introduction
2) Controls
3) Goal Of The Game
4) Scoring
5) Techniques
6) Difficulties
7) Final Word

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------Introduction---------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

1) Othello is a game that requires logic and foresight over reaction time
  and finger speed.  Your goal is to try and dominate the board with your
  colour against an opponent's colour.  You will do this by converting your
  opponent's colours to yours by placing a piece down so it will touch your
  opponent's colour and lead to one piece of your own.  However, your
  opponent can do the same to you, so you need to be wary of not setting
  up a big string for them!  Good luck people...

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------Controls-----------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

2) Although the controls are simple, they are somewhat confusing at first.
  Therefore, you will learn how to control your cursor to avoid the big
  mistakes that can occur otherwise!


D-Pad...: LEFT and RIGHT will move your cursor around the board to all of
         the possible positions you can lay a play piece.  However, they
         will NOT take you to a spot where a piece can not be played.  UP
         and DOWN serve no purpose here.

SELECT..: If you press this, your character will rise into the air and have
         his balloon pop.  This will indicate that you have forfieted the
         match to your opponent.

START...: When pressed, the board will clear and the game will begin anew
         with no consequences to either your's or your opponent's Win/Lose
         records.

B Button: No apparent use.

A Button: Places a playing piece at whichever location the cursor has been
         positioned.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------Goal Of the Game-------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

3) This section will give the goal of the game.


The goal is too simply gain more of your colour on the board than your
opponent.  To do this, you must be able to convert your opponent's colours
into your own (ideas on how this works in both basic and advanced forms will
be examined in the following two sections).

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------Scoring------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

4) This section will look at how the scoring of the game works.

You will start EVERY game with the colours in the following positions:

_________________
Key              |
                |
BP - Black Piece |
WP - White Piece |
_________________|

                        __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |BP|WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|BP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|

The first piece will be laid, turning one of their opponent's colours over
to their own.  Then the game will continue, using horiztontal row, vertical
columns, and diagonal lines into their own colours from your opponent's
stock.  The following will show how the steps at a start of a game could
go and show these types of takes.


                            o------------o
                            | Horiztonal |
                            o------------o

_________________
Key              |
                |
BP - Black Piece |
WP - White Piece |
_________________|

                        __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |BP|WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|

                                 \||/
                                  \/
                        __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |BP|BP|BP|  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|


                           o----------o
                           | Vertical |
                           o----------o

_________________
Key              |
                |
BP - Black Piece |
WP - White Piece |
_________________|

                        __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |BP|BP|BP|  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|

                                 \||/
                                  \/
                        __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|BP|BP|  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|


                           o----------o
                           | Diagonal |
                           o----------o

_________________
Key              |
                |
BP - Black Piece |
WP - White Piece |
_________________|

                        __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|BP|BP|  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|

                                 \||/
                                  \/
                        __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |WP|BP|BP|  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |BP|WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |BP|  |WP|  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
                       |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
                       |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|__|

AS the game progresses however, the best way to score is to look for
multiple directional gains (meaning some going horizontal, some going
vertical, and some going diagonal).  This is a great way to swing a game in
your favour.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------Techniques----------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

5) This section will mention a few Techniques to make the game easier to win
  when combined with the basic rules mentioned above.


                         o-------------------o
                         | Border Occupation |
                         o-------------------o

This is the biggest strategy that pays off the best.  Whenever you manage to
take over a border square, YOU CAN NOT lose this square through any
circumstances (barring another border placement to steal it).  This will
require a careful attention to your piece  placements so you can capitalize
on placing over the border for the sure scores.


                         o-------------------o
                         | Think Things Over |
                         o-------------------o

You might see a place where you could take a bunch of colours back to your
side, should you just rush out to do so?  Well, ALWAYS give a quick scan to
see if your big gain is not just setting your opponent up for an even bigger
gain.  With practice, you too will be able to see the moves in advance.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------Difficulties---------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

6) This section will list the difficulties, and how well the computer will
  play.  Each choice in competition intelligence ALSO brings three
  sub-levels each for choices (one, two, three), and they make the game
  tougher as you choose a higher level.


                              o---------o
                              | Primary |
                              o---------o

On this setting, the computer will make some good plays, but they are prone
to making a choice that will not be very benefical to them.  However, if you
do not capitalize on their mistakes, the computer WILL take advantage of
your mistakes within a few turns.


                               o--------o
                               | Medium |
                               o--------o

On this setting, the computer will not be lenient on giving away their turns
to a bad placement.  The computer WILL not always capitalize on your
mistakes immediately, allowing you to correct the error (provided you see
where you went wrong).


                               o--------o
                               | Senior |
                               o--------o

On this setting, the computer will rarely mistakes and almost NEVER fail to
captialize on your mistakes.  You will need to be on top of your game to win
on this setting!

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------Final Word---------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

7) As is the usual, this walkthrough is copyright property of Brian P.
  Sulpher, 2003.  The only website, group, person, etc. to have access to
  post it is www.gamefaqs.com, www.ign.com, www.retronintendo.com, and
  www.honestgamers.com.  You must ask for permission before posting this,
  as doing so without consent is a violation of international copyright
  law.

  If you liked it, hated it, have anything to add, then please E-mail me at
  [email protected].  You can also contact me through MSN messenger
  through the same E-mail address.

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