| Return Create A Forum - Home | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| True Left | |
| https://trueleft.createaforum.com | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| ***************************************************** | |
| Return to: Ancient World | |
| ***************************************************** | |
| #Post#: 18266-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Aristotle | |
| By: antihellenistic Date: March 5, 2023, 5:07 am | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| Aristotle, the First Ideological Elitist, Eurocentrist, | |
| Capitalist, and Racialist philosopher | |
| Read only the sentences which given bold with black and red | |
| color if you don't have time | |
| Elitist view of Aristotle : | |
| [quote]"Secondary and traded labor is not only time-consuming, | |
| but also makes people unfit for activities that Aristotle saw | |
| beneficial. Thus, persons engaged in such work are necessary to | |
| the existence of a polis, but cannot strictly belong to it. | |
| Implied in the conception Aristotle of the good life that not | |
| everyone can attain, and it is best for those who cannot achieve | |
| it to serve those who can achieve it."[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics introductory page xv | |
| [quote]He saw trade and most manual labor as unfit for a free | |
| man. The work must be left to slaves or non-citizen foreigners | |
| (1328b33-1329b32)[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics introductory page xvii until xviii | |
| Aristotle's Anthropocentrism | |
| [quote][size=12pt]1256b15 Likewise obviously we have to believe | |
| that the same rule applies to mature beings. Plants exist for | |
| the benefit of animals, and certain animals exist for the | |
| benefit of other animals. * Domesticated animals help to provide | |
| us, not only with food, but also with other kinds of assistance, | |
| such as providing clothing and similar aids for life. Therefore, | |
| if nature did not make something that is useless or useless, | |
| then all animals must have been made by nature for the benefit | |
| of humans. The same holds true for the arts of war which are in | |
| a sense a natural mode of acquisition. Hunting is part of the | |
| art; and hunting must be carried out, not only of beasts, but | |
| also of men whom nature willed others to rule over and who | |
| refuse to obey that will, for this kind of war is by nature | |
| just.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle's Politics page 22 | |
| Aristotle's Humiliating the Lower-Class People | |
| [quote]1258b33 ... Suffice it to say that the work that demands | |
| the most skill is the one that provides the fewest | |
| opportunities: the worst jobs are those that do the most harm to | |
| the body: The most humbling jobs are those that use the most | |
| physical strength: The most ignoble jobs are those where there | |
| is least need to do good.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 32 | |
| Aristotle's Support on Capitalism and Individual Liberty | |
| [quote]1258b39 There are various books on this subject written | |
| by several authors: Kharetides and Paros and Apollodros and | |
| Lemnos have written on the management of cornfields and fields | |
| planted with grapevines and olive trees: others have written on | |
| other subjects; everyone interested should study this topic with | |
| the help of these writings. Collections should also be made for | |
| scattered stories of ways in which different people have | |
| succeeded in making fortunes. All of that is useful for people | |
| who appreciate the art of earning. For example, there is a story | |
| told about Thales and Miletus. * A story about a money-making | |
| plan invented for Thales because of his reputation for wisdom: | |
| but the story includes a principle of general application. He | |
| was reproached for his poverty which was taken as proof of the | |
| uselessness of philosophy; but applying his knowledge of | |
| meteorology (so it was told) that there might come a rich | |
| harvest of olives, and with his little supply, he at the | |
| beginning of the year, paid advances for the rental of all the | |
| olive presses that were in Miletus and Chios; in the absence of | |
| a higher bid, he managed to guarantee the goods at a low rate. | |
| When the season comes, suddenly there is a simultaneous demand | |
| for a number of presses, he releases the supplies he has amassed | |
| at a rate of his own choosing; and by amassing enormous | |
| fortunes, he succeeded in proving that it was easy for | |
| philosophers to become rich if they wanted to, even though it | |
| was not really their business. The story told shows that Thales | |
| proved his own wisdom; but as we have said, the design he | |
| employs is, in essence, the creation of monopoly, including a | |
| principle generally applicable to the art of production. | |
| Therefore, some cities as well as individuals, who use these | |
| resources when they need money establish, for example, a | |
| monopoly in the supply sector. In Sicily a man in whom a sum of | |
| money was deposited, had bought up all the iron from the | |
| ironworks; and after that, when the retailers came from their | |
| store to get supplies, he was the only seller they bought from. | |
| He did not raise prices at arbitrary rates; but in any case he | |
| made a profit of 100 talents for every 50 talents spent. This | |
| speculation reached the ears of Dionysius [the ruler of | |
| Syracuse] and ordered the man to leave the city, although he | |
| allowed him to take his profits with him: the reason being that | |
| his discovery of a profitable way was detrimental to Dionysius's | |
| own interests. But the idea is really the same as Thales; and | |
| all the two men did was establish a private monopoly. But a | |
| knowledge of this method is useful to the statesman - cities, | |
| like households, but to a greater extent, often lack financial | |
| resources and need more means of obtaining them. This is why | |
| some people who pursue political careers limit their political | |
| activities to financial matters. | |
| Practical consideration of the art of acquisition. The division | |
| of art can be made based on practical reasons. Examples of | |
| successful artistic practices, especially through the creation | |
| of monopolies[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 29. See also on page 52 until 54 | |
| Part 2 of the information on the next post | |
| #Post#: 18267-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Re: Aristotle | |
| By: antihellenistic Date: March 5, 2023, 7:47 am | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| Part 2 | |
| Aristotle's view on Citizenship and Foreigner | |
| [quote]1277b33 There is still one question that remains to be | |
| considered with regard to citizens. Is it in the real sense that | |
| citizens are people who are entitled to share in office or | |
| should mechanics* also be included in the level of citizens? If | |
| we assume that persons, who do not share in public offices, are | |
| also citizens, we will have a subset of citizens who will never | |
| achieve the prestige of good citizens (because these people will | |
| also be citizens). . On the other hand, if this type of person | |
| is not a citizen, which class should he be placed in? He is not | |
| an alien resident, nor is he a foreigner. Or shall we say that | |
| this topic does not lead us into the impossibility? Because the | |
| same goes for slaves and freedmen. The truth is that we cannot | |
| include as citizens all the people who are necessary for the | |
| existence of the city. * Likewise, children are not citizens in | |
| the same sense as adult men. Adults are absolutely citizens; | |
| children are only citizens in a limited sense: they are citizens | |
| but have not yet developed. There was a place in ancient times | |
| where mechanics were really made up of only slaves and | |
| foreigners, and this explains why a large number of mechanics | |
| are slaves and foreigners to this day.[/quote] | |
| [quote]1278a8 The best form of a city will not make a mechanic a | |
| citizen. Where mechanics are given nationality we must say that | |
| the excellence of the citizen of which we have been speaking | |
| cannot be attained by every citizen, by all who are merely free | |
| men, but can be attained by one who is free from the necessary | |
| duties of life. People who carry out necessary tasks can be | |
| divided into two classes: slaves, who do it for individuals, and | |
| mechanics and manual laborers, who do it for the | |
| community.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 112 | |
| Aristotle's view on Democracy, His Opposition to | |
| Multiculturalism and Multiethnic Society, His Disagreement on | |
| Autocracy, and His Justification on Ethnic Cleansing and | |
| Expulsion | |
| On Democracy : | |
| [quote]1301a25 ...Democracy arises from an opinion that people | |
| who are the same in one thing are absolutely the same in all | |
| respects. (One tends to think that the fact that they are all | |
| equally born free means that they are all absolutely equal.) | |
| ...[/quote] | |
| [quote]1282b14 ... Goodness in politics is justice ; * and | |
| justice lies in that which tends to advance the public interest. | |
| Common opinion makes it exist in a kind of similarity. Up to a | |
| point, this agrees with the philosophical studies that make up | |
| our conclusions about ethics.* ...[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 135 | |
| [quote]1283a23 ... (d) Finally, the many have a just claim | |
| against the few: by being gathered together and compared to the | |
| few they are stronger, richer, better.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 219 until 220 | |
| On Centralized Society : | |
| [quote]1295a1 ... Among the barbarian peoples there are some who | |
| have an elected monarch with absolute power and a monarch of the | |
| same type, who are called aisumnetai or [dictator]... This form | |
| of tyranny must exist where a single person rules over people | |
| who are his peers or his superiors, without any form of | |
| accountability, and intended to serve his own interests rather | |
| than the interests of his people. As such, it is a form of | |
| government implemented against citizens who do not want it, | |
| because no free human being voluntarily accepts such a | |
| system.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 189 until 191 | |
| [quote]1306b22 ...A person who has a high position, and the | |
| ability to go even higher, [will encourage factional strife] to | |
| make himself the sole ruler[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics Page 242 | |
| [quote]1313a34 ... prohibits society from having cultural | |
| purposes, and any association of the same character, and using | |
| every means to make each people as alien as possible to one | |
| another (since knowing one another creates mutual trust); ... | |
| prevalent in Persia and other barbarian lands. ... needed the | |
| secret police ... kept them so busy with their daily chores that | |
| they had no time to conspire.[/quote] | |
| [quote]1313b29 ... The tyrant claims the monopoly of that | |
| quality for himself ; ... the custom of tyrants to prefer | |
| company of foreigners to citizens at public banquets;[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 267 | |
| On Multiethnic Society, Foreigners and Multiculturalism | |
| [quote]1303a13 ... A city cannot be formed out of every chance | |
| collection of people or in every chance period of time. Most of | |
| the towns had recognized other people as permanent residents of | |
| Troezen's establishment of Sybaris, but they expelled them when | |
| their numbers increased; and this made their city cursed. At | |
| Thurii the Sybaris quarreled with the other permanent residents, | |
| who had joined them in the colonization of the place; they | |
| demanded special privileges, on the grounds that they owned the | |
| territory, and were expelled from the colony. In Byzantium the | |
| permanent residents who were later discovered to have conspired | |
| against the natives were forcibly deported; and the same | |
| expulsion befell the exiles from Chios who were permitted to | |
| reside in Antissa by the natives. On the other hand, in Zancle, | |
| the natives themselves were banished by the Samians they allowed | |
| to live there. In Apollonia, on the Black Sea, factional | |
| conflict is caused by the introduction of new residents; in | |
| Syracuse the granting of citizenship rights to foreigners and | |
| mercenaries at the end of the period of tyrants, encouraged | |
| sedition and civil war; and at Amphipolis the native citizens, | |
| after allowing in the Chalcidian colonists, were nearly all | |
| expelled by the colonists whom they allowed to settle in the | |
| place.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 221 | |
| [quote]1326b7 ... the point is, the neighborhood of a city or | |
| country should not be too big and not too many people. The ruler | |
| or leader is in charge of dividing government positions that | |
| must be carried out, and making decisions about what people | |
| complain about. Everyone must know each other. A country that is | |
| too big will cause foreigners to enter easily[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 324 | |
| Aristotle's view on Race | |
| [quote]1285a16 Another type of kingdom is the kind found among | |
| some barbarian societies. Kingdoms of this type all have the | |
| same authority as tyranny; but, nevertheless, governed by law, | |
| and hereditary from father to son. The reason is that these | |
| barbarians were more servile than Greeks (just as Asians were | |
| more servile than Europeans); and because of that, they accept | |
| the despotic ruler without any complaint. Thus these kingdoms | |
| have a tyrannical character; but, because they comply with the | |
| law, they are also stable. For the same reason the bodyguards | |
| employed in the cities are befitting of kings, and not befitting | |
| of tyrants. The kings were escorted by troops from their | |
| subjects; the tyrants were escorted by foreign troops. By ruling | |
| according to law, and with the consent of their subjects, kings | |
| have bodyguards taken from their people: the tyrant has | |
| bodyguards [foreign] to protect himself and his people.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics page 148 | |
| [quote]3. The proper natural aptitude for our citizens is | |
| suggested by a comparison of three nations in the colder regions | |
| of Europe; Asians and Greeks. The first people were high in | |
| spirit, but lacking in devotion and intelligence: the second had | |
| skill and intelligence, but lacking in spirit: the Greeks | |
| combined both sets of qualities. The legislator will naturally | |
| prefer the combined talent ; he will not, as Plato did, attach | |
| too much importance to the high spirit factor - valuable while | |
| it is in his environment[/quote] | |
| [quote]3. The proper natural aptitude for our citizens is | |
| suggested by a comparison of three nations in the colder regions | |
| of Europe; Asians and Greeks. The first people were high in | |
| spirit, but lacking in devotion and intelligence: the second had | |
| skill and intelligence, but lacking in spirit: the Greeks | |
| combined both sets of qualities. The legislator will naturally | |
| prefer the combined talent ; he will not, as Plato did, attach | |
| too much importance to the high spirit factor - valuable while | |
| it is in his environment[/quote] | |
| [quote]1327b18 We have discussed the exact standard for | |
| determining the number of citizens. We must now consider what | |
| kinds of natural talents they must have had. non-Greeks in their | |
| distribution throughout the inhabited world. People in cold | |
| lands in general and Europeans in particular are full of | |
| enthusiasm, but less skilled and less intelligent; and this is | |
| why they remain somewhat free, but achieve no political | |
| development and show no capacity to rule over others. The | |
| peoples of Asia were gifted with skills and intelligence but | |
| lacked enthusiasm and this is why they continued to be conquered | |
| people and slaves.* The descendants of the Greeks, who lived in | |
| a mid-geographical position, combined the qualities of both | |
| these peoples. He has passion as well as intelligence. It is | |
| because of this that he continues to be free, has the highest | |
| political development, and is able to rule over every other | |
| nation - in case he ever achieves political unity. * The same | |
| type of distinction is found within the Greek nation itself. | |
| Some of them have only one side of nature: others exhibit a | |
| happy mix of passion and intelligence.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics pages 328 to 329 | |
| During his reign, Hitler tend to close to foreigners, seeing his | |
| most loyal troops were Waffen SS group which composed of foreign | |
| peoples other than "White Europeans". And his government were | |
| authoritarian which considered by Aristotle as aisumnetai, or | |
| dictator, or a tyrant. Hitler tend to close to the nations which | |
| it's people are not same like "whites" or foreigners like the | |
| "Africans", Japanese, and Arabs. Even he make German more | |
| hostile to the fellow "whites" rather than other "non-whites" | |
| across the world, which contrary to the "general will" of German | |
| people who are always close to their fellow "whites" outside | |
| Germany for a long time. For the rational people, he is not "a | |
| despot" and "barbarian" but high quality individual who led the | |
| masses. | |
| Same like how Ottoman Islamic Empire works, it govern their | |
| people with centralized leadership and opposed democracy to keep | |
| multi-ethnic society united and prevent monopolistic economic | |
| way of life. Their foreign troops which like Waffen SS were | |
| Jannissary. For the rational people the Islamic Caliphate was | |
| not "a despot" and "barbarian" but high quality individual who | |
| led the masses. | |
| Hitler's system of government and worldview tend to close to | |
| Islam rather than the Western Civilization. Therefore Hitler was | |
| an easterner, not a westerner. Remember again his recorded | |
| conversations. | |
| [quote]I am sure that the Japanese, the Chinese and the peoples | |
| of Islam will always be closer to us than, for example, France, | |
| in spite of the fact that we are related by blood[/quote] | |
| Source : Bormann, Martin � Testament of Adolf Hitler | |
| (Hitler-Bormann Documents) page 54 paragraph 2 | |
| [quote]Answering Roosevelt�s charge that an (unidentified) | |
| Africa nation had its independence curtailed by Germany: �As for | |
| the fact, however, that one nation in Africa is alleged have | |
| lost its freedom � that too is but an error; for it is not a | |
| question of one nation in Africa having lost its freedom � on | |
| the contrary practically all the previous inhabitants of this | |
| continent have been made subject to the sovereignty of other | |
| nations by bloody force, thereby losing their freedom. | |
| Moroccans, Berbers, Arabs, Negroes, &c., have all fallen victim | |
| to a foreign might, the swords of which, however, were not | |
| inscribed �Made in Germany�, but �Made by the Democracies�.� � | |
| Hitler�s Reply to Roosevelt, Reichstag 28 April 1939.[/quote] | |
| Source : 13. David Brockschmidt, "History Lessons from the | |
| Memory Hole - Let them eat their own words," | |
| http://adelaideinstitute.org/newsletters/n248.htm | |
| Remember again his recorded domestic policy. | |
| [quote]Martin Bormann issued a circular to all Gauleiters | |
| (regional leaders) in March 1936 calling for employment | |
| protection of Africans and Afro Germans living and working in | |
| Germany. This order flew in the face of the 1935 Nuremberg | |
| Laws.21[/quote] | |
| Source : Kuzniar-Clark - Black Nazis II Ethnic Minorities and | |
| Foreigners in Hitler's Armed Forces Page 46 (PDF format's page) | |
| paragraph 1 | |
| [quote]While many Africans and AfroGermans were discriminated | |
| against in NS Germany, the NS government never advocated or | |
| endorsed lynching of blacks, nor was racism against Africans | |
| institutionalized. Independent researcher Friedrich Berg, a man | |
| born during World War II, said that German children admired | |
| Jesse Owens, and looked up to him in spite of his race.17 This | |
| was relayed to Mr. Berg by a man who lived in NS Germany at the | |
| time. There is no reason to doubt the veracity of this man�s | |
| claim: Germans cheered Owens and repeatedly chanted his | |
| name��Jess-ah Ovens, Jessah O-vens��at the 1936 Olympic Games | |
| in Berlin. Uniformed SS men watched him race and eagerly | |
| applauded his victory. Owens told the press that he was not | |
| forced to sit at the back of German buses, nor was he disallowed | |
| to stay at the nicest hotels.[/quote] | |
| Source : Kuzniar-Clark - Black Nazis II Ethnic Minorities and | |
| Foreigners in Hitler's Armed Forces Page 45 paragraph 1 and page | |
| 46 paragraph 1 | |
| Other Hitler's race views and it's policies can be seen on | |
| Christian Bethel's post. Thank you so much for helping this | |
| forum, your work never be forgotten. See this link to see : | |
| https://trueleft.createaforum.com/colonial-era/hitler-the-face-of-anti-tribalis… | |
| #Post#: 18273-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Re: Aristotle | |
| By: 90sRetroFan Date: March 5, 2023, 7:35 pm | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| "Hitler was an easterner, not a westerner" | |
| This is not a dichotomy we recommend. The main problem is that | |
| Russia is located east relative to Germany, therefore to suggest | |
| that Hitler was an "easterner" makes it sound like he is more | |
| similar to Russians, which he himself would surely disagree | |
| with! A north-south dichotomy is more meaningful: | |
| http://aryanism.net/blog/aryan-sanctuary/our-enemies-admit-hitler-was-not-right… | |
| [quote]"We know to-day why our ancestors were not attracted to | |
| the East, but rather to the South. Because all the regions lying | |
| east of the Elbe were like what Russia is for us to-day. The | |
| Romans detested crossing the Alps. The Germanic peoples, on the | |
| other hand, were very fond of crossing them�but in the opposite | |
| direction. � For any Roman, the fact of being sent to Germania | |
| was regarded as a punishment�rather like what it used to mean to | |
| us to be sent to Posen. You can imagine those rainy, grey | |
| regions, transformed into quagmires as far as eye could see. The | |
| megalithic monuments were certainly not places of worship, but | |
| rather places of refuge for people fleeing from the advance of | |
| the mud. The countryside was cold, damp, dreary.� � Adolf | |
| Hitler[/quote] | |
| See also: | |
| https://trueleft.createaforum.com/human-evolution/temperature-effects/ | |
| #Post#: 18277-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Re: Aristotle | |
| By: antihellenistic Date: March 6, 2023, 3:33 am | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| Aristotle's contribution to the Renaissance and Western | |
| Civilization | |
| [quote]In his introduction to Politics, Barker includes an | |
| account of the later history of Aristotle's political theory, in | |
| which he notes that while Aristotle himself was still active, | |
| Alexander his former student was ending the kind of world | |
| presumed by Politics - a world in which the basic political unit | |
| is the polis. a self-sufficient and free polis, a world in which | |
| the basic political unit is a self-sufficient and free polis, a | |
| world in which the distinction between Greeks and barbarians is | |
| fundamental. Undoubtedly, as a result of this change Politics | |
| underwent a long period of oblivion, from which it was rescued | |
| by St. Thomas Aquinas. Through this man some of his very | |
| important doctrines entered into later medieval thought. These | |
| doctrines included "the doctrine that law is sovereign, and that | |
| the government is the servant of law; the doctrine that there is | |
| a fundamental difference between a law-abiding monarch and a | |
| tyrant who rules of his own accord; the doctrine that there is | |
| an inherent right of the people, on the basis of its collective | |
| ability to make judgments, elect rulers and hold them | |
| accountable." Ideas such as these were absorbed by later writers | |
| such as Hooker, Locke, and Burke. Thus, Barker claims, his | |
| political legacy can be summed up in one word: | |
| "constitutionalism".[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics introductory pages xxxiii to xxxiv | |
| [quote]Here we can avoid using the term "inheritance", as if | |
| Aristotle's will (which in fact was preserved by Diogenes | |
| Laertius), besides making provisions for people who depended on | |
| him, also made a bequest addressed deliberately to political | |
| thinkers twentieth century. Of course philosophers did not leave | |
| this type of legacy. More precisely, his successors chose | |
| consciously or unconsciously to adopt and adopt some of their | |
| doctrines while discarding others. But even on these terms, | |
| Barker's explanation would now seem shortsighted. What he does | |
| not mention is that Aristotle, of the Greek Polis as a unified | |
| ethical community, has enabled human beings to find their own | |
| identity within the collective life of their city. Marx, who is | |
| an investigator of Greek philosophy, obtained the same idea and | |
| source that a society is a substance, a whole which precedes the | |
| individual. Of course the totalitarian state founded by | |
| twentieth century Marxists has gone very far from Aristotle's | |
| ideals, which is why this person who seeks a different | |
| understanding of Marx emphasizes his Aristotelian roots.[/quote] | |
| Aristotle Politics introductory page xxxv | |
| The strange is, the book's writer did not consider Hitler and | |
| Islamic Caliphate influenced by Aristotle's doctrine. Even | |
| though there's some people who consider Hitler was same like | |
| Aristotle but being dictator, and some people who consider | |
| Islamic Caliphate was contributing on reviving and implemented | |
| Aristotle's doctrine. Therefore being National Socialist means | |
| being anti-Aristotelian and to be ready to got called as | |
| "tyrant", "despot", or aisumnetai | |
| #Post#: 18286-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Re: Aristotle | |
| By: 90sRetroFan Date: March 6, 2023, 9:33 pm | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| "some people who consider Islamic Caliphate was contributing on | |
| reviving and implemented Aristotle's doctrine" | |
| There is nothing to suggest that Mohammed himself was familiar | |
| with Aristotelianism, let alone incorporated it into his | |
| teachings. The idea of the "Islamic Renaissance" was debunked | |
| here: | |
| https://trueleft.createaforum.com/ancient-world/islamic-golden-age-philosophy-a… | |
| This is also part of why I keep recommending the use of the term | |
| "Mohammedan" as a positive label to contrast with those who call | |
| themselves "Muslims" but are actually more neo-Aristotelian than | |
| anything else. | |
| #Post#: 18293-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Re: Aristotle | |
| By: antihellenistic Date: March 7, 2023, 7:44 pm | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| Religious Support on Constitutionalism | |
| [quote]Constitutionalism reflects the phases of human nature as | |
| taught by Hebraic and Christian doctrines. Because of sin, human | |
| nature is no longer free from pollution and corruption. Man is a | |
| fallen disposition, corrupted and destroyed by original sin. | |
| Humans live in the nature created by God but it is a world that | |
| is disturbed by alienation from God. A political philosophy | |
| "based on a view which sees man and the world remaining in | |
| harmony from an untouched origin of creation quite clearly | |
| proves inadequate when it comes to the reality of human | |
| existence and social life." In this perspective of the concept | |
| of human nature, the Christian tradition holds that it is unwise | |
| to entrust the leadership of society to individuals or groups of | |
| individuals who have unlimited and haphazard power.[/quote] | |
| Political Philosophy by Henry Schmandt page 18 | |
| #Post#: 18295-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Medieval Western Christendom | |
| By: antihellenistic Date: March 7, 2023, 8:22 pm | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| It was not "Blacks" who Made Democracy used more Broadly for the | |
| First Time | |
| But "whites". | |
| [quote]...the premises of democracy became more explicit in | |
| medieval thought, the awareness of the desire for self-rule | |
| grew. This tendency was later expanded by the belief - which was | |
| well embedded in the theory of the time - that political | |
| authority has its ultimate source in God, that no particular | |
| human being or group has the inherent right to govern others, | |
| and that rulers wield power only as representatives of the | |
| people. with their permission. From these premises, it is only a | |
| step towards "the belief that a normal country that humans | |
| should go to is a country where people act as adults or one come | |
| of age in political life."14 In this society, humans are asked | |
| to participate in political life, regardless of race or | |
| condition. The realization of this goal was possible in the West | |
| as educational opportunities and technological development | |
| brought about the remaining time for normal individuals.[/quote] | |
| Political Philosophy by Henry Schmandt page 22 | |
| #Post#: 18299-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Re: Aristotle | |
| By: antihellenistic Date: March 8, 2023, 9:13 am | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| Result of Aristotelian Doctrine, John Locke's Liberal Doctrine | |
| of Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina | |
| [quote]...In 1669, Locke co-authored the Fundamental | |
| Constitutions of Carolina, which endorses aristocracy, slavery | |
| and serfdom.[2][3] Some dispute the extent to which the | |
| Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina portray Locke's own | |
| philosophy, vs. that of the Lord proprietors of the colony; the | |
| document was a legal document written for and signed and sealed | |
| by the eight Lord proprietors to whom Charles II had granted the | |
| colony. In this context, Locke was only a paid secretary, | |
| writing it much as a lawyer writes a will. | |
| ... | |
| The Second Treatise outlines a theory of civil society. Locke | |
| begins by describing the state of nature, a picture much more | |
| stable than Thomas Hobbes' state of "war of every man against | |
| every man," and argues that all men are created equal in the | |
| state of nature by God. From this, he goes on to explain the | |
| hypothetical rise of property and civilization, in the process | |
| explaining that the only legitimate governments are those that | |
| have the consent of the people. Therefore, any government that | |
| rules without the consent of the people can, in theory, be | |
| overthrown.[/quote] | |
| Source : | |
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Treatises_of_Government | |
| John Locke on his Two Treatises of Government book consider that | |
| "all men were created equal", but he contributing to a | |
| Fundamental Constitution which allowing slavery of "blacks". Of | |
| course we are not stupid | |
| #Post#: 18301-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Re: Aristotle | |
| By: antihellenistic Date: March 8, 2023, 9:36 am | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| Result of Aristotelian Doctrine Part 2, Adam Smith's Democratic, | |
| Anti-Populist, and Relativist Mentality | |
| [quote]Passions such as pain, hunger or love are very specific | |
| to the individual. But there are social passions (such as | |
| fellow-feeling) and unsocial passions (such as hatred) too, and | |
| these are where sympathy has a key role.77 We are also more | |
| disposed to sympathise with a person�s joy than with their | |
| sorrow. This explains why poor people conceal their poverty and | |
| rich people parade their wealth. Money does not really buy | |
| happiness, but we suppose that it does; and all our attention, | |
| sympathy and admiration is worth far more to the rich than the | |
| baubles and minor conveniences that money actually | |
| delivers.[/quote] | |
| Source : The Condensed Wealth of Nations and The Incredibly | |
| Condensed Theory of Moral Sentiments Eamonn Butler page 79 | |
| http://www.adamsmith.org/s/Condensed_Wealth_of_Nations_ASI.pdf | |
| We must force ourselves and increase our courage to sympathy | |
| with the unfortunate ones and imagine what we feel if we being | |
| like them, to doing socialism and reducing people's sufferings | |
| and ours, "not pretend that with finding happiness with seeing | |
| the fortunate ones and their possessions, the societal problem | |
| will disappear". Individual's hatred to the capitalism and | |
| societal unfairness is more important rather than | |
| social-passions of feelings of ignoring gentrification and | |
| unnecessary competitive society. | |
| I'm suppose that Adam Smith implicitly incorporating theory of | |
| eudaimonia and concept of "common will" from Aristotle which | |
| emphasize human happiness and prosperity rather than human | |
| socialism | |
| #Post#: 18308-------------------------------------------------- | |
| Re: Aristotle | |
| By: 90sRetroFan Date: March 8, 2023, 4:08 pm | |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| "John Locke on his Two Treatises of Government book consider | |
| that "all men were created equal", but he contributing to a | |
| Fundamental Constitution which allowing slavery of "blacks"." | |
| This is not Aristotelian. Aristotle rejected the idea that "all | |
| men were created equal", as you yourself noted earlier. We | |
| should not underestimate the influence of Judaism on Locke's | |
| thinking: | |
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke | |
| [quote]With regard to the Bible, Locke was very conservative. He | |
| retained the doctrine of the verbal inspiration of the | |
| Scriptures.[36] The miracles were proof of the divine nature of | |
| the biblical message. Locke was convinced that the entire | |
| content of the Bible was in agreement with human reason | |
| ... | |
| Locke's concept of man started with the belief in creation.[82] | |
| Like philosophers Hugo Grotius and Samuel Pufendorf, Locke | |
| equated natural law with the biblical revelation.[83][84][85] | |
| Locke derived the fundamental concepts of his political theory | |
| from biblical texts | |
| ... | |
| The Decalogue puts a person's life, reputation and property | |
| under God's protection. | |
| Locke's philosophy on freedom is also derived from the Bible. | |
| Locke derived from the Bible basic human equality (including | |
| equality of the sexes), the starting point of the theological | |
| doctrine of Imago Dei.[87] To Locke, one of the consequences of | |
| the principle of equality was that all humans were created | |
| equally free and therefore governments needed the consent of the | |
| governed.[88] Locke compared the English monarchy's rule over | |
| the British people to Adam's rule over Eve in Genesis, which was | |
| appointed by God.[89][/quote] | |
| ***************************************************** | |
| Next Page |