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#Post#: 90--------------------------------------------------
Aristotle
By: ChaosAllura Date: May 1, 2012, 7:21 pm
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Aristotle - Philosophy and Ethics
Life
Biography
Aristotle was born in 384 BC in Stageira, Greece. He was a
student of Plato and later on a tutor for Alexander the Great.
Aristotle wrote many still important works in almost every
scientifical topic, for example Logic, Physics, Metaphysics,
Biology, Philosophy, Ethics, Politics, Rhetoric and Poetics.
Aristotle died in 322 BC in Euboea.
Plato
Plato (428 BC - 348 BC) was Aristotle's teacher at the Academy
in Athens. He is famous for his works about philosophy, logic,
ethics, rhetoric and mathematics.
Alexander the Great (356 BC - 323 BC) was a student of Aristotle
in subjects like medicine, morals, religion, logic and art. He
was a king of the state Macedonia and one of the most successful
commanders of all time.
Philosophy
Ethics is a philosophical subject which handles the question of
the best way to live. Aristotle's answer to this question was to
live the life of philosophy and contemplation.
Politics
Aristotle's politics are about the natural community of a city.
In Aristotle's treatises the aim of the city is not just to
prevent injustice or keep economic safety, but rather to allow
at at least some citizens the possibility to live a good life.
The word politics is derived from the greek word polis (city).
Rhetoric
In Aristotle's treatises rhetoric was one of the three key
elements of philosophy, along with logic and dialectic. These
elements together create a system of persuasion based on
knowledge instead of manipulation of emotion.
Poetics
Aristotle's treatise on poetics is supposed to be the first
surviving work on philosophy with focus on literary theory. In
ancient Greek poetry included drama, comedy and tragedy as well
as satyr play and epic poetry.
Science
Logic
Aristotle is credited with the earliest study of formal logic,
and his conception of it was the dominant form of Western logic
until the 19th century. Aristotle's teacher Plato developed a
reasonable conception of a deducting system but could never
acutally construct one.
Physics
In his studies on physics Aristotle assumed that there are five
elements: Fire, Earth, Air, Water and a new one which he added,
Aether. His physical works also contained motion, causality,
optics, chance and spontaneity.
Metaphysics
The term metaphyisics was created after Aristotle's death and
means behind the physics. Aristotle defines metaphysics as the
knowledge of immaterial being or of being in the highest degree
of abstraction. He calls metaphysics the first philosophy and
the theologic science.
Biology
Aristotle's research in the field of biology were mainly about
the natural environment of the island Lesbos, where he observed
the surrounding seas and also neighbouring areas. He created a
classification of animals in today's called vertebrates and
invertebrates and live-bearing and egg-bearing.
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