SUBJECT: WATCH THE SKIES                                     FILE: UFO2792






                       WATCH THE SKIES by David Dudley.

                            (Baltimore) City Paper
                              October 9-15, 1992
                               Vol. 16 No. 41.


     "On  a  cold morning just before dawn in the winter of  1991,   Steve
   Tobias saw a UFO. He wasn't impressed. It was over Baltimore-Washington
   International Airport,  for one thing,  where the airspace is typically
   abuzz with flying objects, identified and otherwise. But Tobias says he
   saw  something.  He was working maintenance for a major airline -  he'd
   rather  not  say which one - cleaning the idle planes during the  night
   shift,   when  he saw 'a hurtling object,  almost  perfectly  circular,
   brilliant greenish-yellow, streaking across the lower blackened portion
   of  the morning sky,'  according to his own written account.  The light
   skittered  over the BWI control tower and disappeared into the  distant
   clouds in a few brief seconds.  'It seemed to have been moving at great
   speed,' Tobias wrote, 'at which I could not begin to estimate.'

     But he didn't think a great deal of it at the time.  This was  before
   Tobias thought a lot about UFOs.  He went in his office to get a cup of
   coffee and warm up a little. One of the guys from the morning shift was
   just  showing up,  and he was talking about the darndest things he  had
   heard on his CB radio driving into work a few minutes earlier. A couple
   of truckers out on I-95  were saying they saw something up in the  sky,
   some kind of UFO or something.

     'Don't tell me,' Tobias said, half-joking. 'It was green.'

     It was green, of course, according to the truckers.

     Tobias  unwittingly had stumbled upon some independent  corroborating
   evidence  for his early-morning fireball.  And with that,  Steve Tobias
   decided  that  he had joined the ever-growing ranks of the  human  race
   that have seen, or think they have seen, an unidentified flying object.

     Since 1947, when a reporter named Bill Bequette added the term flying
   saucer  to our increasingly scary postwar lexicon after a  pilot  named
   Kenneth Arnold spotted nine wingless craft scooting past Mt.   Rainier,
   in  Washington State,  at what he thought was 1,700  mph,   hundred  of
   thousands  of  people from around the world claim to have seen them  as
   well.   Elvis  Presley saw one in the desert outside  of  Vegas.   More
   convincingly,   my mom saw one in the skies over Adelphi,  Greece,   in
   1952. Maybe you have seen one too.

     If you have, welcome to the other side, that uncounted segment of the
   human populace that believes We Are Not Alone, and has the visual goods
   to prove it. You have plenty of company. Here in the U.S.,  in the land
   where  atom bombs and flying saucers appeared at more or less the  same
   time,  the UFO has become a familiar tabloid totem, a hip 60's TV show,
   a kitschy symbol of American cold-war paranoia,  a  British heavy-metal
   band,   and one of the most instantly recognizable government  acronyms
   around.   Jung thought UFOs were collective psychic  manifestations  --
   flying  mandalas.  The Air Force always seemed to think that they  were
   weather balloons -- or 'swamp gas,' whatever that is.

     But through it all, or those of you who lost interest some time after
   "Chariots of the Gods"  but before the "Weekly World News"  space alien
   met  with Ross Perot,  the sightings never have stopped.  By 1969,   22
   years and hundreds of unresolved cases after the Mt.  Rainier sighting,
   the U.S.  Air Force's Project Blue Book, the government's only official
   UFO  investigative  unit,   was under pressure to put up  or  shut  up.
   Earlier  that same year,  the Condon Committee,  an Air Force-sponsored
   civilian  scientific  study  made by the  University  of  Colorado  and
   chaired  by  astrophysicist  Dr.  Edward Condon,  issued  its  infamous
   report. This group - roughly equivalent to the Warren Commission in the
   eyes  of  indignant  UFOlogists  -  stated  that  there  was  still  no
   verifiable  evidence  that  UFOs  were either  hostile  or  real,   and
   recommended that the Air Force stop fooling around with Blue Book.

     Life  in  1969  was deemed weird enough without flying  saucers.   On
   December 17,  on the anniversary of the Wright Brothers'  first powered
   flight at Kitty Hawk,  North Carolina,  Project Blue Book was  official
   canceled.  Nine years later,  "Dragnet's"  Jack Webb produced  "Project
   U.F.O.",  a  short-lived television series based on Project Blue Book -
   it was also canceled.

     This  Monday,   on another,  slightly more famous  anniversary,   the
   quincentennial   of  Christopher  Columbus'   discovery  (or  invasion,
   depending on which side of the ocean you were on) of the Americas, NASA
   will  throw  the switch on another project that will obliquely  try  to
   answer that same nagging,  terrifying question: Are We Alone? Or to put
   in Age of Discovery terms, What's Over There?

     The  project  is  -  or was - called SETI,   the  Search  for  Extra-
   Terrestrial  Intelligence,   and if you get a chance to ask  anyone  in
   charge, they'll be quick to say that it has nothing to do with UFOs. It
   has  so  little to do with UFOs,  in fact,  that a few weeks  ago  they
   changed  the  name of the whole program,   because  "Extra-Terrestrial"
   tended  to  make  people think about UFOs.  It is now called  the  High
   Resolution Microwave Survey,  or HRMS,  a  more technically descriptive
   but altogether less funky name.  The ultimate goal and rationale behind
   the program remains the same, however - to listen for positive evidence
   of life beyond Earth.

     After  a  glitzy  LIFE magazine cover story in August  and  a  bitter
   funding  fight  in Congress,  SETI (or HRMS)  will be  deployed  (i.e.,
   turned on)  on schedule this Columbus Day and begin its high-tech sweep
   of  the  cosmic radio dial,  searching for a faint radio wave from  the
   distant light years that could indicate,  finally,  whether intelligent
   life here is as lonely as it seems.

     Steve  Tobias,   for  one,  doesn't need to be told  by  any  big  PR
   government  research study whether there's something out there or  not.
   He saw one of the damn things.  And since that cold morning in 1991, he
   has  become convinced that not only is extraterrestrial life  possible,
   or  likely  - even NASA says that now - but it is going to show  up  en
   masse any day now.  And these discoverers are going to teach the  third
   planet from the sun a lesson in interstellar imperialism that will  put
   Columbus to shame.

     On the phone, Tobias sounds worried.

     'I haven't been in a good mood since I found out about these things,'
   he says.

     It  sounds as if he means it.  Even in the midst of a breathless bout
   of doom-laden alien speculation,  his voice has the desperate edge of a
   man who has a very serious job to do, a  man who must be heard, even if
   it frequently  is difficult to follow the thread of what he's trying to
   say.  Right now he is talking alternately about tidal waves,  hurricane
   Andrew,  AIDS,  and a passage in Virgil's "Aeneid," all of which may be
   linked to extraterrestrial  intervention.  It may be  a stretch for the
   layman, but Steve Tobias has been doing his homework.


     After  his  brief encounter at BWI,  Tobias took a trip to his  local
   library  and  perused a few books on UFOs.  Even after doing that,   he
   still wasn't all that convinced that they existed,  but it seemed worth
   following  up  on.   Previously,  he says,  he was a  typical  skeptic,
   uninterested  in  either  the  UFOs  or  even  in  the  science-fiction
   literature  and films in which they figure so prominently.  But one  of
   the books he picked up,  David C.  Knight's UFOs - A Pictorial  History
   From Antiquity to the Present, mentioned reports of glowing 'fireballs'
   from  the  distant past - these sounded similar to what he had seen  at
   BWI.   Other  books told of crashed saucers in the New  Mexico  desert,
   alien bodies in cold storage at Ohio's Wright-Patterson AFB,  Air Force
   pilots killed chasing flying discs in 1948,  massive government  cover-
   ups,  official disinformation campaigns, and scads of mysterious above-
   top-secret evidence that Uncle Sam knew what  UFOs  were and where they
   were coming from.

     'I  was  flabbergasted,'   Tobias says.  'Why in  the  hell  was  the
   government sitting on this?  Why wasn't this on MPT?'  [Maryland Public
   TV.]

     The  incidents that he stumbled upon are,  of course,   all  familiar
   pieces  of the vast body of popular UFOlogy,  the subjects of  numerous
   books  and  films  and  tabloid headlines.  But for  Tobias  it  was  a
   revelation,  a  call to action.  And it was only the beginning.  'I was
   shaken  out  of my dull-witted complacency and began to tie many  other
   events  and trends together,'  he writes in his account of the  fateful
   moment.

     Since  then,  Tobias has tied a lot together.  He also has formed his
   own  UFO  investigation and research group,  which  he  calls  Citizens
   Investigation of Phenomena Psychic, Astral, and Celestial (CIPPAC).

     At this stage,  he admits,  CIPPAC is still pretty much just himself.
   But  he  has great ambitions and a deadly serious mission.  'I  decided
   that   the government made a grave mistake in trying to cover this up,'
   he says. 'There is a possibility that we are all in a lot of danger.'

     Before personally subjecting myself to CIPPAC's stockpile of alarming
   new evidence,  I  figured it was time to  apprise myself of some of the
   latest in UFO literature.  Since 1951,  when Frank Scully's "Behind the
   Flying Saucers" - a clumsily hoaxed account of a saucer that crashed in
   New  Mexico with its crew of 16  tiny,  human-looking alien crewmen  on
   board  -  was  published,  the UFO phenomenon has  perpetuated  itself,
   supported itself, and,  arguably, scientifically crippled itself with a
   thriving   industry   of  freelance   investigations,    pseudoacademic
   theorizing, and various starling firsthand accounts.

     My  favorite  always  has  been "God Drives  a  Flying  Saucer,"   an
   amazingly wacky 1973  paperback by one R.L.  Dione,  which insists that
   UFOs were merely the 'angels' of a distant supertechnological alien God
   who accomplished the various miracles of Biblical renown (i.e.,  Jesus'
   walking  on  the  water,   the  revelation  of  Saul,   the  Immaculate
   Conception) through force fields, hypno-beams, antigravity devices, and
   other common saucer gizmos.

     Couldn't find that one at the Pratt [Enoch Pratt Library, Baltimore],
   but there were plenty of other new developments.  The most dramatic and
   well-documented recent incident  is  definitely the series of sightings
   that occurred over  a  period of several  months  to  a couple,  Ed and
   Frances Walters, in Gulf Breeze,  Florida,  in 1987-88. Compared to the
   usual  fuzzy  black-and-white blurs that filled the UFO exposes  of  my
   youth,   the  Walters'  slick,  full-color account,  "The  Gulf  Breeze
   Sightings,"   was  almost absurdly well documented.   These  poor  guys
   couldn't  get  rid  of  their UFOs.  Ed Walters  claimed  20   separate
   sightings and took 39  color photos,  mostly Polaroids,  of the various
   saucers  that  buzzed  his house,  spoke to him  telepathically,   shot
   immobilizing  blue beams at him and his wife,  deposited hostile little
   big-eyed  aliens  on  his porch,  and woke up his dog,   Crystal.   The
   pictures are amazing, almost too good. You can count the windows on the
   saucers,   which  look  kind  of like  Chinese  lanterns  or  Christmas
   ornaments.  If it is a hoax,  they certainly chose the corniest-looking
   flying saucers imaginable.

     I  have yet to see a UFO of any kind,  although I always have kept my
   eyes open for them. I'm certain that anyone who grew up watching enough
   television  does  too.   Hollywood in the 70s painted  a  fairly  sunny
   picture of our alien visitors,  compared with the lurking paranoia that
   informed their 50's/atomic-age counterparts. (Ever seen the creepy 1953
   film "Invaders From Mars?) In the 70s, however, wondrous, childlike ETs
   descended  from  the heavens in glittering chandeliers to  save  petty,
   grumpy  humanity  from our own miserable selves and treat  us  to  eye-
   popping special effects. Sounds good. Come on down. Sign me up.

     My  mother  now says that she and a friend observed what  could  only
   have been a UFO while on vacation in Greece in 1952,  a  huge year  for
   sightings, incidentally, according to Project Blue Book: 1,500 reports,
   303   of  them  unexplained.   Luckily,  she  did  not  volunteer  this
   information during my childhood, lest my imagination suffer a permanent
   and  debilitating overdose.  And unlike Steve Tobias,  my mom  was  not
   transformed by her encounter into a crusader for UFO truth and justice.
   She  did,  however,  take it seriously enough to report the incident to
   the  U.S.  consulate in Athens,  where it was no doubt chuckled at  and
   thrown away.

     Nevertheless,   it was a fairly dramatic experience.  For one  thing,
   Adelphi, Greece, is a fairly dramatic place to see a UFO. It was, after
   all,  the location of the Oracle of Apollo, a place the ancients called
   'the  navel of the world.'  It was a stunningly clear day  in  pre-smog
   Greece,  not a soul around,  and 'the most awful quiet,' Mom says.  She
   heard it before she saw it,  'a sort of whiny sound,'  not a prop or  a
   helicopter,  and certainly not a jet, which would have been exceedingly
   rare in 1952 anyway. Then she and her friend saw it.

     'It  was shaped like and upside-down clamshell,'  she says,  'and  it
   moved around jerkily.  We must have watched it for ten minutes,  but it
   never occurred to me to take a picture.'

     After  hovering  around and casing the place for a while,   it  'shot
   straight  up  like a helicopter,'  she says,  then  vanished  into  the
   cloudless  sky at enormous speed.  'It was up and gone in  about  three
   seconds.'

     And  that  was Mom's UFO.  It may not be quite as spectacular  as  Ed
   Walters' pesky talking UFOs, but it struck me as being more remarkable,
   for two reasons.  One: even though '52 was a big UFO hysteria year,  my
   mom knew nothing of the existing body of evidence regarding  sightings.
   For that matter, she still doesn't. They're just not her thing. Yet her
   account  is  completely consistent with most of the accepted  recurring
   elements in UFO behavior:  the jerky hovering, the unearthly whine, the
   last-second  zip straight up and out of sight....  This is classic  UFO
   stuff. Ed's UFOs were doing that all the time.

     Two: my mom wouldn't make this up.

     'If you don't know what's going on,'  Steve Tobias tells me,  'you're
   sheep going to the slaughter.  And the cruel thing is,  it doesn't have
   to be that way.'

     He's running through his visual evidence, some of which is just clips
   from  infotainment  shows  such  as Hard Copy  and  this  season's  new
   Sightings.   But  he's also got NASA footage from some  of  the  Apollo
   flights - scenes of an astronaut's jerky spacewalk that Tobias believed
   was closely monitored by small UFOs whizzing by periodically.  He  runs
   the VCR back and forth in slow motion.

     'There  it is!  Did you see it?  I'll run it by again.  If you're not
   looking for something, you're not gonna see it.'

     Sure  enough,   something - little more than a bright speck  -  keeps
   flitting across the screen behind the astronaut's shoulder. Tobias says
   that  he  has  watched the scene countless  times,   has  analyzed  the
   object's trajectory and the way the sunlight reflects off of it, and he
   is convinced that the speck is a small round craft of some kind,  under
   intelligent control.

     'They  are  out  there and they have been  seen,'   he  says.   '[The
   astronauts] notified mission control and it was covered up.'

     Tobias  is  not  the first to claim that the Apollo  astronauts  were
   continually  dogged by UFOs and that NASA scrupulously covered  up  the
   reports.   That  has been a mainstay of UFO conspiracy  literature  for
   decades. But he thinks that he may be the first to have picked them out
   of NASA's own file footage.

     This kind of low-budget home investigation now has become the guiding
   passion of Tobias' life. Since an on-the-job injury put him out of work
   in April 1991  (not long after his UFO sighting),  he has used his free
   time to immerse himself in the collective evidence of UFOlogy,   filing
   his Dundalk  rowhome  with  dog-eared copies of  70s paperbacks such as
   Timothy  Goode's conspiracy tome "Above Top Secret",  videos,   xeroxed
   documents  obtained  through  the Freedom of  Information  Act,   weird
   newsletters from fringe UFO groups, and his own notebooks.

     Now  40  years old,  Tobias was a member of the Maryland Air National
   Guard  from  1972   to 1988,  where he rose to the  rank  of  technical
   sergeant. It was his military experience, he says, that led him to take
   on the thankless task of spreading the word.

     'This  whole thing points to a threat to the public,'  he says.  'I'm
   working on the assumption of imminent conflict.  But not conflict as we
   know it.'

     Tobias  has taken the old axiom of cosmologist Martin Rees and turned
   it  into  a sort of manifesto of sorts.  Rees said,   in  reference  to
   extraterrestrial  life,   that 'absence of evidence if not evidence  of
   absence.' For Tobias, absence of evidence is evidence of hostility.

     'There's   no  reason  to  assume  that  the  aliens  have   friendly
   intentions,'  he says.  'In the military, if you're using stealth,  you
   are in an aggressive posture.' He figures the reasons that UFOs, having
   journeyed here for hundreds of thousands of light- years from a distant
   galaxy,   are  being  so coy with us is that they're scouting  out  the
   battlefield.   'Reconnaissance is the staging for the final onslaught,'
   he  explains.  For Tobias,  this sneakiness is tantamount to an act  of
   war,  and if the government refuses to fess up and tell the people what
   the hell is going on, he will do it himself.

     'I guess it's akin to Paul Revere saying the Redcoats are coming,' he
   tells me.

     Sipping iced tea in his living room,  Tobias speculates grimly on the
   final  onslaught as his two young kids tromp in and out on a hot  late-
   summer afternoon.  A  kitten periodically clambers around and falls off
   the sofa.

     'This  would  not be a war of conquest,'  he says.   'This  would  be
   obliteration. This would be ... special genocide.'

     Things are falling into frightening patterns here in Dundalk.  Tobias
   connects chains  of  seemingly random events and links  them back to an
   unseen alien hand. He sees world events and phenomena as diverse as the
   fall  of  communism  and the weather as sinister manifestations  of  an
   intricate  master plan to unbalance this hapless planet.  Such as:  Why
   did  hurricanes Andrew and Iniki lay waste only to American  territory?
   And finally: What was that seven-foot-tall reptilian creature those two
   guys in South Carolina saw?

     'What does that look like to you?'

     Tobias  shows me one of his CIPPAC documents,  a  Xerox of a  strange
   black silhouette,  supposedly an infrared computer scan beamed to Earth
   from the Soviet Phobos II satellite in 1989.  He says that it is a vast
   cylindrical object 15.5 miles long,  lurking undetected in space behind
   the Martian moon Phobos.  With a bit of imagination,  it looks sort  of
   like the ship in "Battlestar Galactica."

     'I don't know,' I say. 'It's hard to tell.'

     According  to NASA (according to Tobias),  it is a computer flaw.  he
   thinks it might be the invasion vessel itself, all 15 miles of it.

     'I'm assuming the worst,'  he says.  'There could be a thousand ships
   behind that moon....  It's nice to see a movie  called "Star Wars," but
   from a military perspective, it boggles the mind.'

     The  kids are playing upstairs,  too loudly.  Tobias'   wife  marches
   upstairs to settle them down.  Tobias admits his wife would 'rather not
   get dragged into this'  and that most friends and family have been less
   than receptive to his campaign.

     'Most  of  them  don't  believe in UFOs,'  he  says.   'They're  like
   everybody else. They see the whole subject as entertainment.'

     The  fault for this,  he believes,  lies with the media.  Because the
   government is keeping all the hard evidence bottled up, no one can take
   these things seriously anymore.  'Television and the movies  trivialize
   UFO phenomena,' he rails. 'It has made the public completely culturally
   desensitized.  It's lobotomizing the public consciousness.  It's taking
   away the right to wonder.'

     One wonders, then, what to make of NASA's SETI program, the high-tech
   search for just the kind  of alien civilizations that the UFO community
   has been insisting are visiting us regularly.  The official NASA  party
   line,   of course,  has always been that UFOs are impossible,  for  all
   practical purposes, because of the vast distances involved between star
   systems  and  the  colossal  time  and energy  required  to  attempt  a
   crossing. The best hope for detection lies not in a physical visit from
   a  neighboring  life  form but rather in the radio waves  that  such  a
   civilization might conceivably be beaming our way.

     For  Steve  Tobias,  as well for many other freelance UFOlogists  who
   make a point not to trust NASA or any other arm of the government,  the
   hope and hype of the impending SETI program is an empty diversion.

     'It's still the Big Lie,' Tobias says,  'but it's a different part of
   the Big Lie.'

     Tobias' theory is that SETI is just an elaborate gimmick, a  PR trick
   to further desensitize the public.

     'NASA is trying to save their own integrity [with the SETI program],'
   he says.  'It's an excuse.  It would just tell us what has been  slowly
   massaged into the American consciousness.'

     Similar  rumbles  are  being  heard  throughout  the  UFO  community,
   according to the folks at the J. Allen Hynek Center for UFO Studies, or
   CUFOS,  as it's known, in Chicago.  CUFOS is probably the closest thing
   UFOlogists have to a serious scientific research center. It was founded
   in 1973  by the late Dr. J. Allen Hynek,  the chairman of the astronomy
   department  at  Northwestern  University,   an  Air  Force   consultant
   throughout  the Blue Book era and a sort of scientific guru to the  UFO
   community. CUFOS is basically an information clearinghouse and archive,
   supported  by subscriptions to its monthly "International UFO Reporter"
   and its biannual "Journal of UFO Studies," an academic journal.

     CUFOS  also  tried to crank out two books a year,  with much  of  the
   recent  material focused on the Roswell Case --  the 1947   New  Mexico
   saucer crash and cover-up of Hangar 18 fame. David Boras, the assistant
   to CUFOS director Mark Rodeghier, says that he's heard plenty of rumors
   about the SETI program.

     'For  the  most part,'  he says,  'people in SETI have a negative  or
   indifferent  attitude towards UFOs....  They honestly don't believe  in
   the phenomenon.  But there is that rumor in the UFO community that  the
   SETI people are going to release information [about a contact] as a way
   to condition people into accepting the existence of UFOs.'

     Boras  stresses,  however that there is 'no real evidence for  this,'
   adding  it's  just  part of the fringe group of UFOlogy.   Some  people
   believe that [the government] knows everything,  that they have been in
   contact for years...  there have been treaties...  all sorts of  stuff.
   And everyone believes that this year they're gonna tell.'

     Boras  sounds vaguely sad.  Disheartened.  As if maybe he's given  up
   hope. As if maybe the government is never going to tell.

     'It just sorta messes things up,  dealing with the fringe groups,' he
   intones,   sadly.  'It's keeping the brains in the scientific community
   from  wanting to pursue the field.  It's certainly keeping the  funding
   away...'  he says, trailing off.  It sounds as if maybe he's had enough
   of life on the UFO trail.

     'It just gets kinda irritating.'

     Michael  Mewhinney,  who's handling public relations for NASA's  SETI
   program  from  his office at Ames Research Center,  in  Moffett  Field,
   California, not far from San Francisco, is kind of irritated too. First
   of  all,  the powers that be just changed the name of his project  last
   week,   long after all the press material and general hoopla were  sent
   out,  so now he has to make sure all reporters who call use 'HRMS'   in
   their stories instead of 'SETI.' Second of all, I just mentioned UFOs.

     'NASA has nothing to do with UFOs!'  he says, bristling.  'We are not
   wasting taxpayer money.'

     It sounds as if he's been through this before.

     'This is not a frivolous enterprise -- this is serious science!'

     Traditionally,   folks  at  NASA  are touchy  about  the  UFO  thing,
   especially  with  all  the  trouble they have had  trying  to  convince
   Congress to fund a search for distant alien civilizations in the middle
   of  a recession.  Dr.  Gary Coulter,  the program manager for the newly
   titled  HRMS,   knows  all  about  that.   Coulter  has  been  at  NASA
   headquarters, in Washington, D.C., throughout the funding fray, setting
   records  straight  and nudging the  $10-million-per-year  program  past
   Congressional  critics.  He says that the new moniker has been  in  the
   works for a while.

     'It's a matter of semantics,'  he says.  'It's been obvious that when
   we've  been criticized,  it's not for the science.  Most of what  draws
   criticism  is  the  connotation  that  if you  are  searching  for  ETI
   [extraterrestrial intelligence], it must be frivolous.'

     According  to  Coulter,   there's  an official  NASA  name  for  this
   phenomenon: 'SETI has what we call a Giggle Factor.'

     The  Giggle  Factor  apparently was the final straw for  the  project
   acronym.   'The name had this lightning rod stuck in the middle of it,'
   he says.

     Mike  Mewhinney back at Ames agrees.  'We're looking for  intelligent
   life,  not ETs,' he complains indignantly.  'ET is that cute little guy
   in the movies.'

     In NASAspeak,  ETI tends to lead inexorably to LGM (Little Green Men)
   in the minds of the public. 'It's like putting a red flag in front of a
   charging bull,' Coulter says.

     Whenever  NASA  functionaries are faced with  UFO-related  questions,
   these Little Green Men always show up somehow. They even have their own
   acronym now.  It is the ultimate shorthand put-down for nosy reporters,
   instantly  defusing  the  most  loaded  of  questions  and  making  the
   unfortunate inquirer look and feel like a four-year-old in the process.
   'Oh!  You're talking about the Little Green Men,' they always say. It's
   very effective.

     Coulter manages to invoke the LGM only once,  but he throws in a  few
   popular film allusions for good measure.

     'This  is not a Bug Hunt,'  he says,  recalling a line from the  film
   "Aliens." 'We are not a search-and-rescue team for UFOs. And I've never
   felt a burning desire to climb the Devil's Tower, either.'

     And as for those rumors about SETI/HRMS being a cover for an eventual
   UFO disinformation campaign? Or a PR stunt?

     'Well, I've never heard that one before,'  he says in a tone of voice
   that indicates he has heard plenty of others.  'Look, I've been program
   manager for four years. There is not one shred of truth to that. I have
   never heard,  felt, seen, smelled, tasted,  or used any other organs to
   sense anything to that effect.'

     Seemed  convincing  enough  to me.  But despite  all  the  breathless
   denials,   SETI  remains a ripe target for conspiracy theorists  simply
   because  many just don't trust the government to tell the word  if  and
   when  the massive radio telescopes manage to pick up and verify and ETI
   signal. To rectify this perception, NASA's SETI Institute called on the
   International  Academy of Astronautics,  one of  several  international
   space    organizations   composed   of   astronomers   and   scientific
   professionals from around the world that had expressed support for  the
   project, to define the specific terms of this theoretical announcement.
   They put their heads together and came up with a singularly  remarkable
   document.

     It  is  called the Declaration of  Principles  Concerning  Activities
   Following  the  Detection  of Extraterrestrial  Intelligence,   and  it
   states,   in  brief,  that any verified ETI signal picked  out  of  the
   heavens  by SETI/HRMS is the property of all the people of the  planet,
   not just  the U.S. or NASA. In two pages of densely worded legalese, it
   calls  for  the swift dissemination ('promptly, openly, and widely') of
   the  discovery to the United Nations, various academic institutions and
   scientific  channels,   and then to the world media.   'The  discoverer
   should   have   the privilege of making the first public announcement,'
   Article 4 of the declaration states.

     'It's the ultimate freedom of information act,' Coulter says proudly.

     But  the  declaration  doesn't make any provisions  for  a  potential
   response to the signal,  except to say that no response should be  sent
   'until appropriate international consultations have taken place.' This,
   of course, would require another declaration.

     Coulter  thinks  we may be getting a bit ahead of  things.   For  one
   things,   he  says 'we do not presume that the  message  is  answerable
   necessarily.'

     Though  numerous forward-thinking astrophysicists such as Carl  Sagan
   have speculated on coded beams of radio waves carrying the secrets of a
   distant advanced technology through the stars for the benefit of  less-
   adept neighboring civilizations, the message may merely be 'Hello.' Or,
   for that matter, 'Why did you cancel F Troop?'

     Or  as  Coulter says,  it may be just like a lighthouse beacon.   'No
   matter  how closely you analyze a lighthouse beacon,  you're not  gonna
   get the Encyclopedia Britannica,'  he says. 'Besides,  those things are
   so far off, it's not worth thinking about.'

     And for those people working on the project,  the detection alone, of
   anything, would be plenty earthshaking in itself. Occasionally, Coulter
   gets  so  caught up in trying to define what SETI is and isn't that  he
   loses the true magnitude of its stated goal. 'It's an attempt to answer
   one of the most  profound  questions facing  the human race,'  he says,
   sounding a bit  stunned  himself.  'It would be the most important non-
   religious event in the history of the world, I guess.'

     At  this  point  even  the canniest of  NASA  project  managers  must
   struggle with the poetry of the moment.  For some things there are  yet
   no acronyms.

     'Philosophically,  I  see old Mother Earth spinning around as she has
   for millions of years,'  Coulter says slowly, silently constructing the
   image  in his mind.  'And I almost see old Mother Earth pausing  for  a
   moment. And when she spins again, everything will be different.'

     Meanwhile,  back in Dundalk,  Steve Tobias keeps up his lonely vigil,
   playing  old NASA footage over and over again on his beatup VCR,  which
   keeps breaking down, in search of those elusive white specks.

     'I'd  be  making a fool of myself if I was  pursuing  something  that
   wasn't  provable,'  he says from beneath the brim of his  Maryland  Air
   National Guard cap.  'I know that people with different forms of mental
   delusions  or dementia will grasp onto things.  But that  doesn't  take
   anything away from the phenomena.'

     'This  is  a struggle between perceptions of what is and  what  could
   be,' he says firmly. 'And I am going all the way.'

     He  keeps  hearing rumors of mysterious 'government'  operatives  who
   periodically  appear on the doorsteps of intrepid investigators such as
   himself to silence them forever - the 'Men in Black,'  they are called.
   Tobias  is ready for them,  whoever or whatever they are.  'No one  can
   intimidate me,'  he says. 'If they showed up at my door,  they would be
   apprehended. One of us would die.'

     Until  then,  he will keep compiling his odd fragments of information
   and scraps of evidence,  keep typing his densely worded,  single-spaced
   CIPPAC  reports.   'Make copies,'  he writes on the back of one  in  an
   urgent red pen. 'Spread the word!'

     But  it's getting on toward evening now.  Tobias has  more  evidence.
   More books.  A radio interview. A  sketch of a possible alien footprint
   in his notebook. And, before I go, that passage from Virgil's "Aeneid."

     A sudden crash of thunder, and a shooting star slid down.

     The sky's dark face, drawing a trail of light behind it.

     He  leaves me with a copy of his group's logo --  a  picture  of  the
   Greek discus thrower hurling an outsized flying saucer - and its motto:

   'Seek after the truth.'

     'I  fear  Tomorrow these days,'  he writes in the first lines of  his
   first  CIPPAC report.  'I fear for Your Tomorrows as well.  All of you,
   Humanity.'

     For  all his wild speculation and conspiracy bluster,  Tobias  really
   means it. And if the world chooses not to stop to listen to his one-man
   call to arms, it will not be for lack of his trying or for the weakness
   of  his  convictions.   Right or wrong,  Steve  Tobias  has  discovered
   something.

     'I don't consider myself a social martyr,'  he says. 'I really wish I
   had never found this out. I wish I could be like everyone else.'




**********************************************
* THE U.F.O. BBS - http://www.ufobbs.com/ufo *
**********************************************