SUBJECT: UFOs and the Limits of Science                      FILE: UFO2715



by Ronald D. Story c.1981

   Reproduced for educational purposes

   Perhaps the most ingenious of all, the original Hollow Earth Theory was
   advanced  by several writers in the nineteenth century,  but was  later
   linked to UFOs and popularized by Ray Palmer and Dr.  Raymond  Bernard.
   In  the early 1960s,  Bernard claimed that Earth was actually a  hollow
   sphere,   with  two  openings at the poles,  and  that  flying  saucers
   belonged  to  a secret civilizations living inside Earth.   The  theory
   supposedly gained support from observations made during Admiral Richard
   E,  Byrd's arctic and antarctic expeditions. However,  Dr.  Laurence M.
   Gould,   a  distinguished University of Arizona geologist and second in
   command during the late admiral's first antartic expedition, denies any
   such observations or discoveries. He recently informed my associate, J.
   Richard  Greenwall,   that  he discussed the matter with  Admiral  Byrd
   several  times  prior  to the admiral's death in 1957,  and  both  were
   amazed at the observations attributed to them. When he was president of
   the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 1953,
   Dr.  Gould considered but finally declined an invitation to address the
   Hollow Earth Society, then meeting in Tucson, and believes that, had he
   accepted  the invitation,  it would have been promoted endlessly as  an
   endorsement of the Hollow Earth Theory.

   The Hollow Earth Theory was examined in 1970  by Dr.  John S.  Derr,  a
   professional  seismologist,   then working on the  Viking  Mars  lander
   project  with  Martin  Marrieta  Corporation  and  now  with  the  U.S.
   Geological  Survey.  Dr.  Derr discussed several types of geodetic  and
   seismological  data which clearly demonstrated that Earth is not,   and
   cannot be,  hollow.  Artificial satellite perturbations,  for  example,
   show  not  only  that  Earth  is solid,  but  also  that  its  mass  is
   concentrated toward its center, contrary to the idea "predicted" by the
   Hollow  Earth Theory.  He also presented seismological data  concerning
   the  free oscillations of Earth and the velocity of  compressional  and
   shear waves in earth following earthquakes.

   Dr.   Derr's analysis,  plus other less sophisticated but more  obvious
   evidence  (such as the fact that numerous U.S.  and Soviet  satellites,
   which  continually  fly  over  the poles,  have  not  photographed  any
   openings)   leaves little doubt that UFOs,  whatever they are,  do  not
   originate from a civilization in a hollow Earth.




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