INSTALL(8) NetBSD System Manager's Manual INSTALL(8)
NNAAMMEE
IINNSSTTAALLLL -- Installation procedure for NetBSD/i386.
CCOONNTTEENNTTSS
About this Document............................................2
Quick install notes for the impatient..........................3
What is NetBSD?................................................3
Changes Between The NetBSD 5.0 and 6.0 Releases................4
Features to be removed in a later release......................4
The NetBSD Foundation..........................................4
Sources of NetBSD..............................................4
NetBSD 5.99.60 Release Contents................................4
NetBSD/i386 subdirectory structure..........................5
Binary distribution sets....................................6
NetBSD/i386 System Requirements and Supported Devices..........7
Supported devices...........................................7
Floppy controllers.......................................7
MFM, ESDI, IDE, and RLL hard disk controllers............7
SCSI host adapters.......................................8
MDA, CGA, VGA, SVGA, and HGC Display Adapters............8
Serial ports.............................................9
Parallel ports...........................................9
Ethernet adapters........................................9
FDDI adapters...........................................10
Token-Ring adapters.....................................10
Wireless network adapters...............................10
High Speed Serial.......................................11
Tape drives.............................................11
CD-ROM drives...........................................11
Mice....................................................11
Sound Cards.............................................11
Game Ports (Joysticks)..................................11
Miscellaneous...........................................11
PCMCIA Controllers......................................12
RAID Controllers........................................12
Specific driver footnotes:..............................12
Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media..................13
Preparing your System for NetBSD installation.................14
Installing the NetBSD System..................................15
Running the sysinst installation program...................16
Introduction............................................16
Possible hardware problems..............................16
General.................................................16
Quick install...........................................16
Booting NetBSD..........................................17
Network configuration...................................17
Installation drive selection and parameters.............17
Selecting which sets to install.........................18
Partitioning the disk...................................18
Preparing your hard disk................................19
Getting the distribution sets...........................19
Installation from CD-ROM................................19
Installation using ftp..................................19
Installation using NFS..................................20
Installation from a floppy set..........................20
Installation from an unmounted file system..............20
Installation from a local directory.....................20
Extracting the distribution sets........................20
Finalizing your installation............................21
Post installation steps.......................................21
Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System................23
Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases............24
Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 5.x releases.......24
Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 4.x releases.......24
Using online NetBSD documentation.............................25
Administrivia.................................................25
Thanks go to..................................................26
We are........................................................27
Legal Mumbo-Jumbo.............................................33
The End.......................................................38
DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
AAbboouutt tthhiiss DDooccuummeenntt
This document describes the installation procedure for NetBSD 5.99.64 on
the _i_3_8_6 platform. It is available in four different formats titled
_I_N_S_T_A_L_L_._e_x_t, where _._e_x_t is one of _._p_s, _._h_t_m_l, _._m_o_r_e, or _._t_x_t:
_._p_s PostScript.
_._h_t_m_l Standard Internet HTML.
_._m_o_r_e The enhanced text format used on UNIX-like systems by the
more(1) and less(1) pager utility programs. This is the
format in which the on-line _m_a_n pages are generally pre-
sented.
_._t_x_t Plain old ASCII.
You are reading the _m_o_r_e version.
QQuuiicckk iinnssttaallll nnootteess ffoorr tthhee iimmppaattiieenntt
This section contains some brief notes describing what you need to
install NetBSD 5.99.64 on a machine of the i386 architecture.
++oo Fetch files needed to install NetBSD.
Option 1: bootable CD-ROM images containing the full distribution.
These can be found on an FTP site near you, usually located in the
_/_p_u_b_/_N_e_t_B_S_D_/_i_s_o_/ directory. Check the NetBSD website for details.
Option 2: bootable CD-ROM images from _i_3_8_6_/_i_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n_/_c_d_r_o_m_/.
These images are bootable, but do not contain binary sets. They are
intended for network installs or system repair. _b_o_o_t_._i_s_o is for VGA
console installation, and _b_o_o_t_-_c_o_m_._i_s_o is for installation over
serial console (com0, 9600 baud).
Option 3: boot floppy images from _i_3_8_6_/_i_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n_/_f_l_o_p_p_y_/.
_b_o_o_t_1_._f_s and _b_o_o_t_2_._f_s are floppy images for VGA console installation.
_b_o_o_t_-_c_o_m_1_._f_s and _b_o_o_t_-_c_o_m_2_._f_s are for installation via serial console
(com0, 9600 baud).
++oo The default kernel on CD-ROMs has ACPI enabled. This is known to
cause issues on a few machines which have buggy ACPI implementations.
To boot with ACPI disabled, choose the "no ACPI" option from the boot
menu, or interrupt the menu and enter the NetBSD boot prompt. Type
bboooott --22 to boot with ACPI disabled.
++oo The actual binary distribution is in the _i_3_8_6_/_b_i_n_a_r_y_/_s_e_t_s_/ directory.
When you boot the install CD-ROM or floppies, the installation pro-
gram can fetch these files for you (using e.g. ftp) if you have a
network connection. There are several other methods to get the
binary sets onto your machine.
You will at a minimum need one of the kernel sets, typically
_k_e_r_n_-_G_E_N_E_R_I_C_._t_g_z, as well as _b_a_s_e_._t_g_z and _e_t_c_._t_g_z. In a typical
workstation installation you will probably want all the installation
sets.
++oo Write the CD-ROM images or floppy images out.
Many commercial and freeware programs are available to burn CD-ROMs.
If you have problems writing a raw image to a floppy, the rraawwrriittee..eexxee
MS-DOS program or the RRaawwrriittee3322 Windows32 program (installed by
_r_a_w_r_3_2_._e_x_e) in the _i_3_8_6_/_i_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n_/_m_i_s_c_/ directory may be of help.
The disk(s) you just prepared will be used to boot the installation
kernel, which contains all the tools required to install NetBSD.
++oo For third-party programs which are not part of the base NetBSD dis-
tribution, you will want to explore the ppkkggssrrcc system with its many
thousands of third party software applications.
WWhhaatt iiss NNeettBBSSDD??
The NetBSD Operating System is a fully functional Open Source UNIX-like
operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley Net-
working Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. NetBSD
runs on 57 different system architectures (ports) across 15 distinct CPU
families, and is being ported to more. The NetBSD 5.99.64 release con-
tains complete binary releases for many different system architectures.
(A few ports are not fully supported at this time and are thus not part
of the binary distribution. Please see the NetBSD web site at
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg// for information on them.)
NetBSD is a completely integrated system. In addition to its highly por-
table, high performance kernel, NetBSD features a complete set of user
utilities, compilers for several languages, the X Window System, firewall
software and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code.
NetBSD is a creation of the members of the Internet community. Without
the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes possible, it's
likely that NetBSD wouldn't exist.
CChhaannggeess BBeettwweeeenn TThhee NNeettBBSSDD 55..00 aanndd 66..00 RReelleeaasseess
The NetBSD 5.99.64 release provides numerous significant functional
enhancements, including support for many new devices, integration of hun-
dreds of bug fixes, new and updated kernel subsystems, and many user-land
enhancements. The result of these improvements is a stable operating
system fit for production use that rivals most commercially available
systems.
It is impossible to completely summarize the massive development that
went into the NetBSD 5.99.64 release. The complete list of changes can
be found in the CHANGES:
hhttttpp::////ffttpp..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ppuubb//NNeettBBSSDD//NNeettBBSSDD--66..00//CCHHAANNGGEESS
and CHANGES-6.0:
hhttttpp::////ffttpp..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ppuubb//NNeettBBSSDD//NNeettBBSSDD--66..00//CCHHAANNGGEESS--66..00
files in the top level directory of the NetBSD 6.0 release tree.
FFeeaattuurreess ttoo bbee rreemmoovveedd iinn aa llaatteerr rreelleeaassee
The following features are to be removed from NetBSD in the future:
++oo
TThhee NNeettBBSSDD FFoouunnddaattiioonn
The NetBSD Foundation is a tax exempt, not-for-profit 501(c)(3) corpora-
tion that devotes itself to the traditional goals and Spirit of the
NetBSD Project and owns the trademark of the word ``NetBSD''. It sup-
ports the design, development, and adoption of NetBSD worldwide. More
information on the NetBSD Foundation, its composition, aims, and work can
be found at:
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ffoouunnddaattiioonn//
SSoouurrcceess ooff NNeettBBSSDD
Refer to
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//mmiirrrroorrss//
NNeettBBSSDD 55..9999..6644 RReelleeaassee CCoonntteennttss
The root directory of the NetBSD 5.99.64 release is organized as follows:
_._._._/_N_e_t_B_S_D_-_5_._9_9_._6_4_/
CHANGES Changes between the 5.0 and 6.0 releases.
CHANGES-6.0 Changes between the initial 6.0 branch and final release of
6.0.
CHANGES.prev Changes in previous NetBSD releases.
LAST_MINUTE Last minute changes and notes about the release.
README.files README describing the distribution's contents.
_s_o_u_r_c_e_/ Source distribution sets; see below.
In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one
directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which
NetBSD 5.99.64 has a binary distribution.
The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the _s_o_u_r_c_e
subdirectory of the distribution tree. They contain the complete sources
to the system. The source distribution sets are as follows:
ggnnuussrrcc This set contains the ``gnu'' sources, including the source for
the compiler, assembler, groff, and the other GNU utilities in
the binary distribution sets.
sshhaarreessrrcc This set contains the ``share'' sources, which include the
sources for the man pages not associated with any particular
program; the sources for the typesettable document set; the
dictionaries; and more.
ssrrcc This set contains all of the base NetBSD 5.99.64 sources which
are not in ggnnuussrrcc, sshhaarreessrrcc, or ssyyssssrrcc.
ssyyssssrrcc This set contains the sources to the NetBSD 5.99.64 kernel for
all architectures as well as the config(1) utility.
xxssrrcc This set contains the sources to the X Window System.
All the above source sets are located in the _s_o_u_r_c_e_/_s_e_t_s subdirectory of
the distribution tree.
The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. Except for the
ppkkggssrrcc set, which is traditionally unpacked into _/_u_s_r_/_p_k_g_s_r_c, all sets
may be unpacked into _/_u_s_r_/_s_r_c with the command:
# ccdd // ;; ttaarr --zzxxppff sseett__nnaammee..ttggzz
In each of the source distribution set directories, there are files which
contain the checksums of the files in the directory:
MD5 MD5 digests in the format produced by the command:
cckkssuumm --aa MMDD55 _f_i_l_e.
SHA512 SHA512 digests in the format produced by the command:
cckkssuumm --aa SSHHAA551122 _f_i_l_e.
The SHA512 digest is safer, but MD5 checksums are provided so that a
wider range of operating systems can check the integrity of the release
files.
_N_e_t_B_S_D_/_i_3_8_6 _s_u_b_d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y _s_t_r_u_c_t_u_r_e
The i386-specific portion of the NetBSD 5.99.64 release is found in the
_i_3_8_6 subdirectory of the distribution: _._._._/_N_e_t_B_S_D_-_5_._9_9_._6_4_/_i_3_8_6_/. It con-
tains the following files and directories:
_I_N_S_T_A_L_L_._h_t_m_l
_I_N_S_T_A_L_L_._p_s
_I_N_S_T_A_L_L_._t_x_t
_I_N_S_T_A_L_L_._m_o_r_e Installation notes in various file formats, including this
file. The _._m_o_r_e file contains underlined text using the
more(1) conventions for indicating italic and bold display.
_b_i_n_a_r_y_/
_k_e_r_n_e_l_/
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_G_E_N_E_R_I_C_._g_z
A gzipped NetBSD kernel containing code
for everything supported in this
release.
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_M_O_N_O_L_I_T_H_I_C_._g_z
The monolithic kernel which doesn't use
kernel modules.
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_I_N_S_T_A_L_L_._g_z
The installation kernel.
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_I_N_S_T_A_L_L___X_E_N_3_P_A_E___D_O_M_U_._g_z
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_I_N_S_T_A_L_L___X_E_N_3___D_O_M_U_._g_z
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_X_E_N_3_P_A_E___D_O_M_U_._g_z
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_X_E_N_3___D_O_M_0_._g_z
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_X_E_N_3___D_O_M_U_._g_z
_s_e_t_s_/ i386 binary distribution sets; see below.
_i_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n_/
_c_d_r_o_m_/ i386 bootable cdrom images; see below.
_f_l_o_p_p_y_/ i386 boot and installation floppies; see below.
_m_i_s_c_/ Miscellaneous i386 installation utilities; see
installation section below.
_B_i_n_a_r_y _d_i_s_t_r_i_b_u_t_i_o_n _s_e_t_s
The NetBSD i386 binary distribution sets contain the binaries which com-
prise the NetBSD 5.99.64 release for i386. The binary distribution sets
can be found in the _i_3_8_6_/_b_i_n_a_r_y_/_s_e_t_s subdirectory of the NetBSD 5.99.64
distribution tree, and are as follows:
bbaassee The NetBSD 5.99.64 i386 bbaassee binary distribution. You _m_u_s_t
install this distribution set. It contains the base NetBSD
utilities that are necessary for the system to run and be mini-
mally functional.
ccoommpp Things needed for compiling programs. This set includes the
system include files (_/_u_s_r_/_i_n_c_l_u_d_e) and the various system
libraries (except the shared libraries, which are included as
part of the bbaassee set). This set also includes the manual pages
for all of the utilities it contains, as well as the system call
and library manual pages.
eettcc This distribution set contains the system configuration files
that reside in _/_e_t_c and in several other places. This set _m_u_s_t
be installed if you are installing the system from scratch, but
should _n_o_t be used if you are upgrading.
ggaammeess This set includes the games and their manual pages.
kkeerrnn--GGEENNEERRIICC
This set contains a NetBSD/i386 5.99.64 GENERIC kernel, named
_/_n_e_t_b_s_d. You _m_u_s_t install this distribution set.
mmaann This set includes all of the manual pages for the binaries and
other software contained in the bbaassee set. Note that it does not
include any of the manual pages that are included in the other
sets.
mmiisscc This set includes the system dictionaries, the typesettable doc-
ument set, and other files from _/_u_s_r_/_s_h_a_r_e.
tteexxtt This set includes NetBSD's text processing tools, including
groff(1), all related programs, and their manual pages.
NetBSD maintains its own set of sources for the X Window System in order
to assure tight integration and compatibility. These sources are based
on X.Org. Binary sets for the X Window System are distributed with
NetBSD. The sets are:
xxbbaassee The basic files needed for a complete X client environment.
This does not include the X servers.
xxccoommpp The extra libraries and include files needed to compile X source
code.
xxffoonntt Fonts needed by the X server and by X clients.
xxeettcc Configuration files for X which could be locally modified.
xxsseerrvveerr The X server. This includes the modular Xorg server.
The i386 binary distribution sets are distributed as gzipped tar files
named with the extension ..ttggzz, e.g. _b_a_s_e_._t_g_z.
The instructions given for extracting the source sets work equally well
for the binary sets, but it is worth noting that if you use that method,
the filenames stored in the sets are relative and therefore the files are
extracted _b_e_l_o_w _t_h_e _c_u_r_r_e_n_t _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y. Therefore, if you want to extract
the binaries into your system, i.e. replace the system binaries with
them, you have to run the ttaarr --xxzzppff command from the root directory ( _/ )
of your system.
_N_o_t_e_: Each directory in the i386 binary distribution also has its own
checksum files, just as the source distribution does.
NNeettBBSSDD//ii338866 SSyysstteemm RReeqquuiirreemmeennttss aanndd SSuuppppoorrtteedd DDeevviicceess
NetBSD 5.99.64 runs on all i486 or later PC-compatible systems with 1 to
32 processors. The minimal configuration for a full, standard installa-
tion is 32MB of RAM and 250MB of disk space.
NetBSD requires a numeric co-processor. The target system must have one
of the following processors:
++oo an i486DX or compatible
++oo an i486SX with an i487 numeric co-processor installed
++oo a Pentium compatible or later processor
On systems with under 32MB of memory, a custom installation of NetBSD can
be performed manually. That procedure is not documented here.
_S_u_p_p_o_r_t_e_d _d_e_v_i_c_e_s
Explanation of bracketed footnote tags [] follows this listing.
++oo Floppy controllers.
++oo MFM, ESDI, IDE, and RLL hard disk controllers
There is complete support (including IDE DMA or Ultra-DMA) for
the following PCI controllers
-- Acard ATA-850 and 860 based IDE Controllers
-- Acer labs M5229 IDE Controller
-- Advanced Micro Devices AMD-756, 766, and 768 IDE Con-
trollers
-- CMD Tech PCI0643, 0646, 0648, and 0649 IDE Controllers
-- Contaq Microsystems/Cypress CY82C693 IDE Controller
-- HighPoint HPT366, HPT370, HPT372, and HPT374.
-- IBM ESDI Fixed Disk Controllers [m]
-- Intel PIIX, PIIX3, and PIIX4 IDE Controllers
-- Intel 82801 (ICH/ICH0/ICH2/ICH4/ICH5/ICH6/ICH7/ICH8/ICH9)
IDE/SATA Controllers
-- Promise PDC20246 (Ultra/33), PDC20262 (Ultra/66),
PDC20265/PDC20267 (Ultra/100), PDC20268 (Ultra/100TX2 and
Ultra/100TX2v2), Ultra/133, Ultra/133TX2, and
Ultra/133TX2v2.
-- Promise SATA150 serial-ATA controllers: PDC20318, PDC20319,
PDC20371, PDC20375, PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378 and
PDC20379.
-- Silicon Integrated System 5597/5598 IDE controller
-- VIA Technologies VT82C586, VT82C586A, VT82C596A, VT82C686A,
and VT8233A IDE Controllers
-- Silicon Image SATALink controllers
-- Silicon Image SteelVine SATA controllers [*] [+]
Most of these controllers are only available in multifunction
PCI chips. Other PCI IDE controllers are supported, but per-
formance may not be optimal. ISA, ISA Plug and Play and PCMCIA
IDE controllers are supported as well.
++oo SCSI host adapters
-- Adaptec AHA-154xA, -B, -C, and -CF
-- Adaptec AHA-1640 cards (MCA variant of AHA-1540) [m]
-- Adaptec AHA-174x
-- Adaptec AIC-6260 and AIC-6360 based boards, including the
Adaptec AHA-152x, Adaptec APA-1460 (PCMCIA) and APA-1480
(CardBus), and the SoundBlaster SCSI host adapter.
_N_o_t_e_: You cannot boot from these boards if they do not
have a boot ROM; consequently only the AHA-152x and
motherboards using this chip are likely to be
bootable.
-- Adaptec AHA-2910, 2915, 2920, and 2930C adapters.
-- Adaptec AHA-2x4x[U][2][W] cards and onboard PCI designs
using the AIC-7770, AIC-7850, AIC-7860, AIC-7870, AIC-7880
and AIC-789x chipsets.
-- Adaptec AHA-394x[U][W] cards [b]
-- Adaptec AHA-3950U2 cards
-- Adaptec AHA-3960, 19160, and 29160 Ultra-160 adapters
-- AdvanSys ABP-9x0[U][A] cards
-- AdvanSys ABP-940UW[68], ABP-970UW[68], and ASB3940UW-00
cards
-- AMD PCscsi-PCI (Am53c974) based SCSI adapters, including
Tekram DC-390
-- BusLogic 54x (Adaptec AHA-154x clones)
-- BusLogic 445, 74x, 9xx (but not the new `FlashPoint' series
of BusLogic SCSI adapters)
-- Qlogic ISP [12]0x0 SCSI/FibreChannel boards
-- Seagate/Future Domain ISA SCSI adapter cards
++oo ST01/02
++oo Future Domain TMC-885
++oo Future Domain TMC-950
-- Symbios Logic (NCR) 53C8xx-based PCI SCSI host adapters
++oo Acculogic PCIpport
++oo ASUS SC-200 (requires NCR BIOS on motherboard to boot
from disks)
++oo ASUS SC-875
++oo ASUS SP3[G] motherboard onboard SCSI
++oo DEC Celebris XL/590 onboard SCSI
++oo Diamond FirePort 40
++oo Lomas Data SCSI adapters
++oo NCR/SYM 8125 (and its many clones; be careful, some of
these cards have a jumper to set the PCI interrupt;
leave it on INT A!)
++oo Promise DC540 (a particularly common OEM model of the
SYM 8125)
++oo Tekram DC-390U/F
++oo Tyan Yorktown
-- Symbios Logic (NCR) 5380/53C400-based ISA SCSI host
adapters [*]
-- Ultrastor 14f, 34f, and (possibly) 24f
-- Western Digital WD7000 SCSI and TMC-7000 host adapters (ISA
cards only)
++oo MDA, CGA, VGA, SVGA, and HGC Display Adapters
_N_o_t_e_: Not all of the display adapters NetBSD/i386 can work
with are supported by X. See the NetBSD Guide chapter
on X for more information:
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ddooccss//gguuiiddee//eenn//cchhaapp--xx..hhttmmll
++oo Serial ports
-- 8250/16450-based ports
-- 16550/16650/16750-based ports
-- AST-style 4-port serial cards [*]
-- BOCA 8-port serial cards [*]
-- BOCA 6-port (ioat) serial cards [*]
-- IBM PC-RT 4-port serial cards [*]
-- TCOM TC-400 (4-port), TC-800 (8-port) serial cards [*]
-- Single-port Hayes ESP serial cards [*]
-- Cyclades Cyclom-Y serial cards [*] [+]
-- Addonics FlexPort 8S 8-port serial cards [*]
-- Byte Runner Technologies TC-400 and TC-800 serial cards [*]
-- PCI universal communication cards
++oo Parallel ports. [*] [+]
++oo Ethernet adapters
-- Agere/LSI ET1310/ET1301 10/100/Gigabit Ethernet device
-- AMD LANCE and PCnet-based ISA Ethernet adapters [*]
++oo Novell NE1500T
++oo Novell NE2100
++oo Kingston 21xx
++oo Digital EtherWORKS II ISA adapters (DE200/DE201/DE202)
-- AMD LANCE and PCnet-based MCA Ethernet adapters [m]
++oo SKNET Personal
++oo SKNET MC+
-- AMD PCnet-based PCI Ethernet adapters
++oo Addtron AE-350
++oo BOCALANcard/PCI
++oo SVEC FD0455
++oo X/Lan Add-On Adapter
++oo IBM #13H9237 PCI Ethernet Adapter
-- AT&T StarLAN 10, EN100, and StarLAN Fiber
-- Attansic/Atheros L2 Fast-Ethernet card
-- 3COM 3c501
-- 3COM 3c503
-- 3COM 3c505 [*]
-- 3COM 3c507
-- 3COM 3c509, 3c579, 3c589, and 3c59X
-- 3COM 3c523 EtherLink/MC [m]
-- 3COM 3c529 EtherLink III [m]
-- 3COM 3c90X (including 3c905B), 3c450, 3c55X, 3c575, 3c980,
3cSOHO100
-- Digital DC21x4x-based PCI Ethernet adapters
++oo Accton EN2242
++oo ASUS PCI-DEC100TX+
++oo Cogent EM1X0, EM960 (a.k.a. Adaptec ANA-69XX)
++oo Cogent EM964 [b]
++oo Cogent EM4XX [b]
++oo Compex Readylink PCI
++oo DANPEX EN-9400P3
++oo Digital Celebris GL, GLST on-board ethernet
++oo DEC (Digital) PCI Ethernet/Fast Ethernet adapters (all)
++oo DLINK DFE500-TX
++oo JCIS Condor JC1260
++oo JMicron Technologies JMC250/JMC260 controllers [*] [+]
++oo Linksys PCI Fast Ethernet
++oo SMC EtherPower 10, 10/100 (PCI only!)
++oo SMC EtherPower^2 [b]
++oo Sundance ST-201 based ethernet adapters (including
DLINK DFE550-TX and DFE580-TX)
++oo SVEC PN0455
++oo SVEC FD1000-TP
++oo Znyx ZX34X
-- Digital EtherWORKS III ISA adapters (DE203/DE204/DE205) [*]
-- Digital DEPCM-BA (PCMCIA) and DE305 (ISA) NE2000-compatible
cards
-- BICC Isolan [* and not recently tested]
-- Efficient Networks EN-155 and Adaptec AIC-590x ATM inter-
faces
-- Essential Communications Hippi (800 Mbit/s)
-- Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A based cards
++oo Fujitsu FMV-180 series
++oo Allied-Telesis AT1700 series
++oo Allied-Telesis AT1700 series MCA [m]
++oo Allied-Telesis RE2000 series
-- Intel EtherExpress 16
-- Intel EtherExpress PRO/10
-- Intel EtherExpress 100 Fast Ethernet adapters
-- Intel Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet adapters
-- Novell NE1000, NE2000 (ISA, PCI, PCMCIA, ISA PnP)
-- Realtek 8129/8139 based boards
-- Realtek 8139C+/8169/8169S/8110S based boards
-- SMC/WD 8003, 8013, and the SMC `Elite16' ISA boards
-- SMC/WD 8003, 8013 and IBM PS/2 Adapter/A MCA boards [m]
-- SMC/WD 8216 (the SMC `Elite16 Ultra' ISA boards)
-- SMC 91C9x-based boards (ISA and PCMCIA)
-- SMC EPIC/100 Fast Ethernet boards
++oo SMC Etherpower-II
-- Texas Instruments ThunderLAN based ethernet boards
++oo Compaq Netelligent 10/100 TX
++oo Compaq ProLiant Integrated Netelligent 10/100 TX
++oo Compaq Netelligent 10 T (untested)
++oo Compaq Integrated NetFlex 3/P
++oo Compaq NetFlex 3/P in baseboard variant (the PCI vari-
ant doesn't use the same chip!)
++oo Compaq Dual Port Netelligent 10/100 TX
++oo Compaq Deskpro 4000 5233MMX (untested)
++oo Texas Instruments TravelMate 5000 series laptop docking
station Ethernet board
-- VIA VT3043 (Rhine) and VT86C100A (Rhine-II) based ethernet
boards
++oo D-Link DFE530TX
++oo FDDI adapters
-- Digital DEFPA PCI FDDI adapters [*] [+]
-- Digital DEFEA EISA FDDI adapters [*] [+]
++oo Token-Ring adapters
-- IBM Token-Ring Network PC Adapter [+]
-- IBM Token-Ring Network PC Adapter II [+]
-- IBM Token-Ring Network Adapter/A [+]
-- IBM Token-Ring Network 16/4 Adapter [+]
-- IBM Token-Ring Network 16/4 Adapter/A [m]
-- IBM 16/4 ISA Adapter [+]
-- IBM Auto 16/4 Token-Ring ISA Adapter [+]
-- 3COM 3C619 TokenLink [+]
-- 3COM 3C319 TokenLink Velocity [+]
++oo Wireless network adapters
-- Many Atheros 802.11 cards
-- 3Com AirConnect Wireless LAN
-- AT&T/Lucent/Agere WaveLAN/ORiNOCO IEEE (802.11) PCMCIA
cards
-- Aironet 4500/4800 and Cisco 340 series PCMCIA cards
-- BayStack 650 802.11FH PCMCIA cards [*] [+]
-- Corega Wireless LAN PCC-11 cards [*] [+]
-- DEC/Cabletron RoamAbout 802.11 DS High Rate cards [*] [+]
-- ELSA AirLancer MC-11 card [*] [+]
-- Intel 2100/2200BG/2915ABG/4965AGN cards [*] [+]
-- Intersil Prism II
-- Melco AIR CONNECT WLI-PCM-L11 cards [*] [+]
-- NetWave AirSurfer PCMCIA cards [*] [+]
++oo High Speed Serial
-- LAN Media Corporation SSI/LMC10000 (up to 10 Mbps) [*] [+]
-- LAN Media Corporation HSSI/LMC5200 [*] [+]
-- LAN Media Corporation DS3/LMC5245 [*] [+]
++oo Tape drives
-- Most SCSI tape drives
-- Seagate and OnStream ATAPI tape drives, possibly others
-- QIC-02 and QIC-36 format (Archive- and Wangtek- compatible)
tape drives [*] [+]
++oo CD-ROM drives
-- Non-IDE Mitsumi CD-ROM drives [*] [+]
_N_o_t_e_: The Mitsumi driver device probe is known to cause
trouble with several devices!
-- Most SCSI CD-ROM drives
-- Most ATAPI CD-ROM drives.
_N_o_t_e_: Some low-priced IDE CD-ROM drives are known for
being not or not fully ATAPI compliant, and thus
require some hack (generally an entry to a quirk ta-
ble) to work with NetBSD.
++oo Mice
-- ``Logitech'' -style bus mice [*] [+]
-- Microsoft-style bus mice [*] [+]
-- ``PS/2'' -style mice [*] [+]
-- Serial mice (no kernel support necessary)
++oo Sound Cards
-- Aria based sound cards [*]
-- Cirrus Logic CS461x, CS4280 and CS4281 audio [*] [+]
-- Ensoniq AudioPCI [*] [+]
-- ESS Technology ESS 1688 Audiodrive,
ES1777/1868/1869/1887/1888/888, Maestro 1/2/2E and Solo-1
ES1938/1946 [*] [+]
-- Gravis Ultrasound Plug and Play [*] [+]
-- Gravis Ultrasound and Ultrasound Max [*] [+]
-- NeoMagic MagicMedia 256AV / 256ZX AC'97 audio [*] [+]
-- Personal Sound System [*] [+]
-- ProAudio Spectrum [*] [+]
-- S3 SonicVibes [*] [+]
-- SoundBlaster, SoundBlaster Pro, SoundBlaster 16 [*] [+]
-- VIA VT82C686A southbridge integrated AC97 audio [*] [+]
-- Windows Sound System [*] [+]
-- Yamaha YMF724/740/744/754 audio (DS-1 series) [*] [+]
-- Yamaha OPL3-SA3 audio [*] [+]
++oo Game Ports (Joysticks) [*] [+]
++oo Miscellaneous
-- Advanced power management (APM) [*]
-- Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) [*] [+]
++oo Universal Serial Bus (USB)
-- UHCI host controllers [*] [+]
-- OHCI host controllers [*] [+]
-- Hubs [*] [+]
-- Keyboards using the boot protocol [*] [+]
-- Mice [*] [+]
-- Printers [*] [+]
-- Modems using Abstract Control Model [*] [+]
-- 3G wireless modems [*] [+]
-- Generic support for HID devices [*] [+]
-- Ethernet adapters [*] [+]
-- Audio devices [*] [+]
-- FTDI based serial adapters [*] [+]
-- Silicon Labs CP210x serial adapters [*] [+]
-- Mass storage devices such as disks, ZIP drives and digital
cameras [*] [+]
-- driver for the Prolific host-to-host adapter [*] [+]
-- Handspring Visor driver [*] [+]
++oo PCMCIA Controllers.
ISA, PCI, and ISA Plug and Play attachments
-- Intel 82365 PCIC, rev 0 and rev 1
-- Cirrus PD6710
-- Cirrus PD672X
_N_o_t_e_: This will work with most laptops as well as with ISA
cards which provide PCMCIA slots for desktops.
++oo RAID Controllers
-- 3ware Escalade family of controllers
-- Compaq Integrated Array (PCI) [b]
-- Compaq IAES (EISA)
-- Compaq IDA, IDA-2 (EISA)
-- Compaq Smart Array 221, 3100ES, 3200, 4200, 4250ES (PCI)
[b]
-- Compaq Smart Array 431, RAID LC2 [b]
-- Compaq SMART 2, 2/E (EISA)
-- Compaq SMART 2/E, 2/P, 2DH, 2SL (PCI) [b]
-- DELL RAID controllers
++oo PERC 2/SC
++oo PERC 2/DC
++oo PERC 4/Di
++oo PERC 4/SC
++oo PERC 4e/Si
++oo CERC 1.5
-- DPT SCSI RAID boards (ISA [*], EISA and PCI)
++oo SmartCache III
++oo SmartCache IV
++oo SmartRAID III
++oo SmartRAID IV
-- MegaRAID controllers
++oo 320-1
++oo 320-2
++oo Series 418
++oo Enterprise 1200 (Series 428)
++oo Enterprise 1300 (Series 434)
++oo Enterprise 1400 (Series 438)
++oo Enterprise 1500 (Series 467)
++oo Enterprise 1600 (Series 471)
++oo Elite 1500 (Series 467)
++oo Elite 1600 (Series 493)
++oo Express 100 (Series 466WS)
++oo Express 200 (Series 466)
++oo Express 300 (Series 490)
++oo Express 500 (Series 475)
Specific driver footnotes:
[*] Drivers are _n_o_t present in kernels on the distribution floppies.
Except as noted above, all drivers are present on all disks. Also,
at the present time, the distributed kernels support only one SCSI
host adapter per machine. NetBSD normally allows more, though, so
if you have more than one, you can use all of them by compiling a
custom kernel once NetBSD is installed.
[+] Support _i_s included in the GENERIC kernels, although it is not in
the kernels which are on the distribution floppies.
[b] Devices require BIOS support for PCI-PCI bridging on your mother-
board. Most reasonably modern Pentium motherboards have this sup-
port, or can acquire it via a BIOS upgrade.
[m] Devices are only supported by MCA-enabled kernels.
GGeettttiinngg tthhee NNeettBBSSDD SSyysstteemm oonn ttoo UUsseeffuull MMeeddiiaa
If you are not booting off a CD-ROM, you will need to have some floppy
disks to boot off; either three 1.44 MB floppies or one 1.2 MB floppy.
Use _b_o_o_t_1_._f_s and _b_o_o_t_2_._f_s for VGA installation. _b_o_o_t_-_c_o_m_1_._f_s and
_b_o_o_t_-_c_o_m_2_._f_s are available if you wish to use a serial console.
If you are using a UNIX-like system to write the floppy images to disks,
you should use the dd command to copy the file system image(s) (.fs file)
directly to the raw floppy disk. It is suggested that you read the dd(1)
manual page or ask your system administrator to determine the correct set
of arguments to use; it will be slightly different from system to system,
and a comprehensive list of the possibilities is beyond the scope of this
document.
If you are using Microsoft Windows to write the floppy image(s) to floppy
disk, you can use the RRaawwrriittee3322 Windows32 program. It can be installed
by Pa rawr32.exe provieded in the _i_3_8_6_/_i_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n_/_m_i_s_c directory of the
NetBSD distribution. A rraawwrriittee utility for the MS-DOS environment is
also available in the _i_3_8_6_/_i_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n_/_m_i_s_c_/ directory.
Installation is supported from several media types, including:
++oo CD-ROM / DVD
++oo FTP
++oo Remote NFS partition
++oo Tape
++oo Existing NetBSD partitions, if performing an upgrade
The steps necessary to prepare the distribution sets for installation
depend upon which installation medium you choose. The steps for the var-
ious media are outlined below.
_C_D_-_R_O_M _/ _D_V_D Find out where the distribution set files are on the CD-ROM
or DVD. Likely locations are _b_i_n_a_r_y_/_s_e_t_s and
_i_3_8_6_/_b_i_n_a_r_y_/_s_e_t_s.
Proceed to the instructions on installation.
_F_T_P The preparations for this installation/upgrade method are
easy; all you need to do is make sure that there's an FTP
site from which you can retrieve the NetBSD distribution
when you're about to install or upgrade. If you don't have
DHCP available on your network, you will need to know the
numeric IP address of that site, and, if it's not on a net-
work directly connected to the machine on which you're
installing or upgrading NetBSD, you need to know the
numeric IP address of the router closest to the NetBSD
machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric IP address
of the NetBSD machine itself.
Once you have this information, you can proceed to the next
step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're
installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on pre-
paring your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an
existing installation, go directly to the section on
upgrading.
_N_F_S Place the NetBSD distribution sets you wish to install into
a directory on an NFS server, and make that directory
mountable by the machine on which you are installing or
upgrading NetBSD. This will probably require modifying the
_/_e_t_c_/_e_x_p_o_r_t_s file on the NFS server and resetting its mount
daemon (mountd). (Both of these actions will probably
require superuser privileges on the server.)
You need to know the numeric IP address of the NFS server,
and, if you don't have DHCP available on your network and
the server is not on a network directly connected to the
machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, you
need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest
to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the
numeric IP address of the NetBSD machine itself.
Once the NFS server is set up properly and you have the
information mentioned above, you can proceed to the next
step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're
installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on pre-
paring your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an
existing installation, go directly to the section on
upgrading.
_T_a_p_e To install NetBSD from a tape, you need to make a tape that
contains the distribution set files, in `tar' format.
If you're making the tape on a UNIX-like system, the easi-
est way to do so is probably something like:
# ttaarr --ccff _t_a_p_e___d_e_v_i_c_e _d_i_s_t___d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_i_e_s
where _t_a_p_e___d_e_v_i_c_e is the name of the tape device that
describes the tape drive you're using; possibly _/_d_e_v_/_r_s_t_0,
or something similar, but it will vary from system to sys-
tem. (If you can't figure it out, ask your system adminis-
trator.) In the above example, _d_i_s_t___d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_i_e_s are the
distribution sets' directories, for the distribution sets
you wish to place on the tape. For instance, to put the
kkeerrnn--GGEENNEERRIICC,, bbaassee,, and eettcc distributions on tape (in order
to do the absolute minimum installation to a new disk), you
would do the following:
# ccdd ......//NNeettBBSSDD--55..9999..6644
# ccdd ii338866//bbiinnaarryy
# ttaarr --ccff _t_a_p_e___d_e_v_i_c_e kkeerrnn--GGEENNEERRIICC bbaassee eettcc
_N_o_t_e_: You still need to fill in _t_a_p_e___d_e_v_i_c_e in the
example.
Once you have the files on the tape, you can proceed to the
next step in the installation or upgrade process. If
you're installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on
preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an
existing installation, go directly to the section on
upgrading.
PPrreeppaarriinngg yyoouurr SSyysstteemm ffoorr NNeettBBSSDD iinnssttaallllaattiioonn
First and foremost, before beginning the installation process, _m_a_k_e _s_u_r_e
_y_o_u _h_a_v_e _a _r_e_l_i_a_b_l_e _b_a_c_k_u_p of any data on your hard disk that you wish to
keep. Mistakes in partitioning your hard disk may lead to data loss.
It is strongly recommended that as part of the installation procedure,
you upgrade your system's BIOS to the latest version available from your
system vendor. Later BIOSes often contain workarounds for CPU and
chipset bugs, workarounds that cannot be provided by the operating sys-
tem.
In the past, bugs fixed this way have been known to cause unpredictable
behaviour and frequent system crashes with NetBSD and other UNIX-like
operating systems on x86 hardware.
Before you begin, you should be aware of the geometry issues that may
arise in relation to your hard disk. First of all, you should know about
sector size. You can count on this to be 512 bytes; other sizes are rare
(and currently not supported). Of particular interest are the number of
sectors per track, the number of tracks per cylinder (also known as the
number of heads), and the number of cylinders. Together they describe
the disk geometry.
The BIOS has a limit of 1024 cylinders and 63 sectors per track for doing
BIOS I/O. This is because of the old programming interface to the BIOS
that restricts these values. Most of the big disks currently being used
have more than 1024 real cylinders. Some have more than 63 sectors per
track. Therefore, the BIOS can be instructed to use a fake geometry that
accesses most of the disk and the fake geometry has less than or equal to
1024 cylinders and less than or equal to 63 sectors. This is possible
because the disks can be addressed in a way that is not restricted to
these values, and the BIOS can internally perform a translation. This
can be activated in most modern BIOSes by using _L_a_r_g_e or _L_B_A mode for the
disk.
NetBSD does not have the mentioned limitations with regard to the geome-
try. However, since the BIOS has to be used during startup, it is impor-
tant to know about the geometry the BIOS uses. The NetBSD kernel should
be on a part of the disk where it can be loaded using the BIOS, within
the limitations of the BIOS geometry. The install program will check
this for you, and will give you a chance to correct this if this is not
the case.
If you have not yet installed any other systems on the hard disk that you
plan to install NetBSD on, or if you plan to use the disk entirely for
NetBSD, you may wish to check your BIOS settings for the `Large' or `LBA'
modes, and activate them for the hard disk in question. While they are
not needed by NetBSD as such, doing so will remove the limitations men-
tioned above, and will avoid hassle should you wish to share the disk
with other systems. Do _n_o_t change these settings if you already have
data on the disk that you want to preserve!
In any case, it is wise to check your the BIOS settings for the hard disk
geometry before beginning the installation, and write them down. While
this should usually not be needed, it enables you to verify that the
install program determines these values correctly.
The geometry that the BIOS uses will be referred to as the _B_I_O_S _g_e_o_m_e_t_r_y,
the geometry that NetBSD uses is the _r_e_a_l _g_e_o_m_e_t_r_y.
ssyyssiinnsstt, the NetBSD installation program, will try to discover both the
real geometry and BIOS geometry.
It is _i_m_p_o_r_t_a_n_t that ssyyssiinnsstt know the proper BIOS geometry to be able to
get NetBSD to boot, regardless of where on your disk you put it. It is
less of a concern if the disk is going to be used entirely for NetBSD.
If you intend to have several OSes on your disk, this becomes a much
larger issue.
IInnssttaalllliinngg tthhee NNeettBBSSDD SSyysstteemm
_R_u_n_n_i_n_g _t_h_e _s_y_s_i_n_s_t _i_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n _p_r_o_g_r_a_m
1. _I_n_t_r_o_d_u_c_t_i_o_n
Using ssyyssiinnsstt, installing NetBSD is a relatively easy process.
Still, you should read this document and have it in hand when doing
the installation process. This document tries to be a good guide to
the installation, and as such, covers many details for the sake of
completeness. Do not let this discourage you; the install program
is not hard to use.
2. _P_o_s_s_i_b_l_e _h_a_r_d_w_a_r_e _p_r_o_b_l_e_m_s
Should you encounter hardware problems during installation, try
rebooting after unplugging removable devices you don't need for
installation. Non-removable devices can be disabled with uusseerrccoonnff
(use bboooott --cc to enter it).
3. _G_e_n_e_r_a_l
The following is a walk-through of the steps you will take while
getting NetBSD installed on your hard disk. ssyyssiinnsstt is a menu
driven installation system that allows for some freedom in doing the
installation. Sometimes, questions will be asked and in many cases
the default answer will be displayed in brackets (``[ ]'') after the
question. If you wish to stop the installation, you may press
CONTROL-C at any time, but if you do, you'll have to begin the
installation process again from scratch by running the _/_s_y_s_i_n_s_t pro-
gram from the command prompt. It is not necessary to reboot.
4. _Q_u_i_c_k _i_n_s_t_a_l_l
First, let's describe a quick install. The other sections of this
document go into the installation procedure in more detail, but you
may find that you do not need this. If you want detailed instruc-
tions, skip to the next section. This section describes a basic
installation, using a CD-ROM install as an example.
++oo What you need.
-- The distribution sets (in this example, they are on CD).
-- A CD-ROM drive (SCSI or ATAPI), a hard disk and a minimum of
32 MB of memory installed.
-- The hard disk should have at least 200 + _n megabytes of
space free, where _n is the number of megabytes of main mem-
ory in your system. If you wish to install the X Window
System as well, you will need at least 215 MB more.
++oo The Quick Installation
-- Insert the CD into the drive and boot the computer.
.***********************************************.
* NetBSD-5.99.64 Install System *
* *
*>a: Install NetBSD to hard disk *
* b: Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk *
* c: Re-install sets or install additional sets *
* d: Reboot the computer *
* e: Utility menu *
* x: Exit Install System *
.***********************************************.
-- If you wish, you can configure some network settings immedi-
ately by choosing the UUttiilliittyy mmeennuu and then CCoonnffiigguurree
nneettwwoorrkk. It isn't actually required at this point, but it
may be more convenient. Go back to the main menu.
-- Choose iinnssttaallll.
-- You will be guided through some steps regarding the setup of
your disk, and the selection of distributed components to
install. When in doubt, refer to the rest of this document
for details.
-- After your disk has been prepared, choose CCDD--RROOMM as the
medium. The default values for the path and device should
be ok.
-- After all the files have been unpacked, go back to the main
menu and select rreebboooott..
-- NetBSD will now boot. If you haven't already done so in
ssyyssiinnsstt, you should log in as root and set a password for
that account. You are also advised to edit _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._c_o_n_f to
match your needs.
-- Your installation is now complete.
5. _B_o_o_t_i_n_g _N_e_t_B_S_D
Boot your machine. The boot loader will start, and will print a
countdown and begin booting. You may want to read the boot mes-
sages, to notice your disk's name and geometry. Its name will be
something like sd0 or wd0 and the geometry will be printed on a line
that begins with its name. As mentioned above, you may need your
disk's geometry when creating NetBSD's partitions. You will also
need to know the name, to tell ssyyssiinnsstt on which disk to install.
The most important thing to know is that wd0 is NetBSD's name for
your first IDE disk, wd1 the second, etc. sd0 is your first SCSI
disk, sd1 the second, etc.
Once NetBSD has booted and printed all the boot messages, you will
be presented with a welcome message and a main menu. It will also
include instructions for using the menus.
6. _N_e_t_w_o_r_k _c_o_n_f_i_g_u_r_a_t_i_o_n
If you do not intend to use networking during the installation, but
you do want your machine to be configured for networking once it is
installed, you should first go to the UUttiilliittyy mmeennuu and select the
CCoonnffiigguurree nneettwwoorrkk option. If you only want to temporarily use net-
working during the installation, you can specify these parameters
later. If you are not using the Domain Name System (DNS), you can
give an empty response when asked to provide a server.
7. _I_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n _d_r_i_v_e _s_e_l_e_c_t_i_o_n _a_n_d _p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r_s
To start the installation, select IInnssttaallll NNeettBBSSDD ttoo hhaarrdd ddiisskk from
the main menu.
The first thing is to identify the disk on which you want to install
NetBSD. ssyyssiinnsstt will report a list of disks it finds and ask you
for your selection. You should see disk names like wd0, wd1, sd0 or
sd1.
ssyyssiinnsstt next tries to figure out the real and BIOS geometry of your
disk. It will present you with the values it found, if any, and
will give you a chance to change them. Normally, the values it
presents will be correct.
8. _S_e_l_e_c_t_i_n_g _w_h_i_c_h _s_e_t_s _t_o _i_n_s_t_a_l_l
The next step is to choose which distribution sets you wish to
install. Options are provided for full, minimal, and custom instal-
lations. If you choose sets on your own, bbaassee, eettcc, and a kernel
must be selected.
9. _P_a_r_t_i_t_i_o_n_i_n_g _t_h_e _d_i_s_k
++oo Which portion of the disk to use.
You will be asked if you want to use the entire disk or only
part of the disk. If you decide to use the entire disk for
NetBSD, ssyyssiinnsstt will check for the presence of other operating
systems and you will be asked to confirm that you want to over-
write these.
If you want to use the entire disk for NetBSD, you can skip the fol-
lowing section and go to _E_d_i_t_i_n_g _t_h_e _N_e_t_B_S_D _d_i_s_k_l_a_b_e_l.
10. _E_d_i_t_i_n_g _t_h_e _M_a_s_t_e_r _B_o_o_t _R_e_c_o_r_d
You will be presented with the current values stored in the MBR, and
will be given the opportunity to change, create or delete parti-
tions. For each partition you can set the type, the start and the
size. Setting the type to uunnuusseedd will delete a partition. You can
also mark a partition as active, meaning that this is the one that
the BIOS will start from at boot time.
Be sure to mark the partition you want to boot from as active!
After you are done editing the MBR, a sanity check will be done,
checking for partitions that overlap. Depending on the BIOS capa-
bilities of your machine and the parameters of the NetBSD partition
you have specified, you may also be asked if you want to install
newer bootcode in your MBR. If you have multiple operating systems
on the disk that you are installing on, you will also be given the
option to install a bootselector, which will allow you to pick the
operating system to start up when your computer is (re-)started.
If everything is ok, you can go on to the next step, editing the
NetBSD disklabel.
11. _E_d_i_t_i_n_g _t_h_e _N_e_t_B_S_D _d_i_s_k_l_a_b_e_l
The partition table of the NetBSD part of a disk is called a
_d_i_s_k_l_a_b_e_l. If your disk already has a disklabel written to it, you
can choose UUssee eexxiissttiinngg ppaarrttiittiioonn ssiizzeess. Otherwise, select SSeett
ssiizzeess ooff NNeettBBSSDD ppaarrttiittiioonnss.
After you have chosen your partitions and their sizes (or if you
opted to use the existing partitions), you will be presented with
the layout of the NetBSD disklabel and given one more chance to
change it. For each partition, you can set the type, offset and
size, block and fragment size, and the mount point. The type that
NetBSD uses for normal file storage is called 44..22BBSSDD. A swap parti-
tion has a special type called sswwaapp. You can also specify a parti-
tion as type MMSSDDOOSS. This is useful if you share the disk with
MS-DOS or Windows; NetBSD is able to access the files on these par-
titions. You can use the values from the MBR for the MS-DOS part of
the disk to specify the partition of type MMSSDDOOSS (you don't have to
do this now, you can always re-edit the disklabel to add this once
you have installed NetBSD, or use mbrlabel(8) to help you update
your disklabel with data from the MBR).
Some partitions in the disklabel have a fixed purpose.
a Root partition (_/)
b Swap partition.
c The NetBSD portion of the disk.
d The entire disk.
e-p Available for other use. Traditionally, e is the par-
tition mounted on _/_u_s_r, but this is historical prac-
tice and not a fixed value.
You will then be asked to name your disk's disklabel. The default
response will be ok for most purposes. If you choose to name it
something different, make sure the name is a single word and con-
tains no special characters. You don't need to remember this name.
12. _P_r_e_p_a_r_i_n_g _y_o_u_r _h_a_r_d _d_i_s_k
_Y_o_u _a_r_e _n_o_w _a_t _t_h_e _p_o_i_n_t _o_f _n_o _r_e_t_u_r_n. Nothing has been written to
your disk yet, but if you confirm that you want to install NetBSD,
your hard drive will be modified. If you are sure you want to pro-
ceed, select yyeess.
The install program will now label your disk and make the file sys-
tems you specified. The file systems will be initialized to contain
NetBSD bootstrapping binaries and configuration files. You will see
messages on your screen from the various NetBSD disk preparation
tools that are running. There should be no errors in this section
of the installation. If there are, restart from the beginning of
the installation process. Otherwise, you can continue the installa-
tion program after pressing the return key.
13. _G_e_t_t_i_n_g _t_h_e _d_i_s_t_r_i_b_u_t_i_o_n _s_e_t_s
The NetBSD distribution consists of a number of _s_e_t_s that come in
the form of gzipped tarfiles. At this point, you will be presented
with a menu which enables you to choose from one of the following
methods of installing the sets. Some of these methods will first
load the sets on your hard disk, others will extract the sets
directly.
For all these methods, the first step is making the sets available
for extraction, and then do the actual installation. The sets can
be made available in a few different ways. The following sections
describe each of those methods. After reading the one about the
method you will be using, you can continue to the section labeled
`Extracting the distribution sets'.
14. _I_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n _f_r_o_m _C_D_-_R_O_M
When installing from a CD-ROM, you will be asked to specify the
device name for your CD-ROM drive (usually cd0), and the directory
name on the CD-ROM where the distribution files are.
ssyyssiinnsstt will then check if the files are indeed available in the
specified location, and proceed to the actual extraction of the
sets.
15. _I_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n _u_s_i_n_g _f_t_p
To be able to install using ftp, you first need to configure your
network setup if you haven't already done so. ssyyssiinnsstt will do this
for you, asking you if you want to use DHCP. If you do not use
DHCP, you can enter network configuration details yourself. If you
do not have DNS set up for the machine that you are installing on,
you can just press RETURN in answer to this question, and DNS will
not be used.
You will also be asked to specify the host that you want to transfer
the sets from, the directory on that host, the account name and
password used to log into that host using ftp, and optionally a
proxy server to use. If you did not set up DNS, you will need to
specify an IP address instead of a hostname for the ftp server.
ssyyssiinnsstt will proceed to transfer all the default set files from the
remote site to your hard disk.
16. _I_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n _u_s_i_n_g _N_F_S
To be able to install using NFS, you first need to configure your
network setup if you haven't already done so. ssyyssiinnsstt will do this
for you, asking you if you want to use DHCP. If you do not use
DHCP, you can enter network configuration details yourself. If you
do not have DNS set up for the machine that you are installing on,
you can just press RETURN in answer to this question, and DNS will
not be used.
You will also be asked to specify the host that you want to transfer
the sets from and the directory on that host that the files are in.
This directory should be mountable by the machine you are installing
on, i.e., correctly exported to your machine.
If you did not set up DNS, you will need to specify an IP address
instead of a hostname for the NFS server.
17. _I_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n _f_r_o_m _a _f_l_o_p_p_y _s_e_t
Because the installation sets are too big to fit on one floppy, the
floppies are expected to be filled with the split set files. The
floppies are expected to be in MS-DOS format. You will be asked for
a directory where the sets should be reassembled. Then you will be
prompted to insert the floppies containing the split sets. This
process will continue until all the sets have been loaded from
floppy.
18. _I_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n _f_r_o_m _a_n _u_n_m_o_u_n_t_e_d _f_i_l_e _s_y_s_t_e_m
In order to install from a local file system, you will need to spec-
ify the device that the file system resides on (for example sd1e)
the type of the file system, and the directory on the specified file
system where the sets are located. ssyyssiinnsstt will then check if it
can indeed access the sets at that location.
19. _I_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n _f_r_o_m _a _l_o_c_a_l _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y
This option assumes that you have already done some preparation
yourself. The sets should be located in a directory on a file sys-
tem that is already accessible. ssyyssiinnsstt will ask you for the name
of this directory.
20. _E_x_t_r_a_c_t_i_n_g _t_h_e _d_i_s_t_r_i_b_u_t_i_o_n _s_e_t_s
A progress bar will be displayed while the distribution sets are
being extracted.
After all the files have been extracted, the device node files will
be created. If you have already configured networking, you will be
asked if you want to use this configuration for normal operation.
If so, these values will be installed in the network configuration
files. The next menu will allow you to select the time zone that
you're in, to make sure your clock has the right offset from UTC.
Finally you will be asked to select a password encryption algorithm
and can then set a password for the "root" account, to prevent the
machine from coming up without access restrictions.
21. _F_i_n_a_l_i_z_i_n_g _y_o_u_r _i_n_s_t_a_l_l_a_t_i_o_n
Congratulations, you have successfully installed NetBSD 5.99.64.
You can now reboot the machine and boot NetBSD from hard disk.
PPoosstt iinnssttaallllaattiioonn sstteeppss
Once you've got the operating system running, there are a few things you
need to do in order to bring the system into a properly configured state.
The most important steps are described below.
1. Configuring _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._c_o_n_f
If you or the installation software haven't done any configuration
of _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._c_o_n_f (ssyyssiinnsstt usually will), the system will drop you
into single user mode on first reboot with the message
/etc/rc.conf is not configured. Multiuser boot aborted.
and with the root file system (_/) mounted read-only. When the sys-
tem asks you to choose a shell, simply press RETURN to get to a
_/_b_i_n_/_s_h prompt. If you are asked for a terminal type, respond with
vvtt222200 (or whatever is appropriate for your terminal type) and press
RETURN. You may need to type one of the following commands to get
your delete key to work properly, depending on your keyboard:
# ssttttyy eerraassee ''^^hh''
# ssttttyy eerraassee ''^^??''
At this point, you need to configure at least one file in the _/_e_t_c
directory. You will need to mount your root file system read/write
with:
# //ssbbiinn//mmoouunntt --uu --ww //
Change to the _/_e_t_c directory and take a look at the _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._c_o_n_f
file. Modify it to your tastes, making sure that you set
rc_configured=YES so that your changes will be enabled and a multi-
user boot can proceed. Default values for the various programs can
be found in _/_e_t_c_/_d_e_f_a_u_l_t_s_/_r_c_._c_o_n_f, where some in-line documentation
may be found. More complete documentation can be found in
rc.conf(5).
When you have finished editing _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._c_o_n_f, type eexxiitt at the prompt
to leave the single-user shell and continue with the multi-user
boot.
Other values that may need to be set in _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._c_o_n_f for a networked
environment are _h_o_s_t_n_a_m_e and possibly _d_e_f_a_u_l_t_r_o_u_t_e. You may also
need to add an _i_f_c_o_n_f_i_g___i_n_t for your <int> network interface, along
the lines of
ifconfig_wm0="inet 192.0.2.123 netmask 255.255.255.0"
or, if you have _m_y_n_a_m_e_._m_y_._d_o_m in _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s:
ifconfig_wm0="inet myname.my.dom netmask 255.255.255.0"
To enable proper hostname resolution, you will also want to add an
_/_e_t_c_/_r_e_s_o_l_v_._c_o_n_f file or (if you are feeling a little more adventur-
ous) run named(8). See resolv.conf(5) or named(8) for more informa-
tion. Instead of manually configuring network and naming service,
DHCP can be used by setting dhclient=YES in _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._c_o_n_f.
Other files in _/_e_t_c that may require modification or setting up
include _/_e_t_c_/_m_a_i_l_e_r_._c_o_n_f, _/_e_t_c_/_n_s_s_w_i_t_c_h_._c_o_n_f, and _/_e_t_c_/_w_s_c_o_n_s_._c_o_n_f.
2. Logging in
After reboot, you can log in as root at the login prompt. Unless
you've set a password in ssyyssiinnsstt, there is no initial password. You
should create an account for yourself (see below) and protect it and
the ``root'' account with good passwords. By default, root login
from the network is disabled (even via ssh(1)). One way to become
root over the network is to log in as a different user that belongs
to group ``wheel'' (see group(5)) and use su(1) to become root.
3. Adding accounts
Use the useradd(8) command to add accounts to your system. Do not
edit _/_e_t_c_/_p_a_s_s_w_d directly! See vipw(8) and pwd_mkdb(8) if you want
to edit the password database.
4. The X Window System
If you installed the X Window System, you may want to read the chap-
ter about X in the NetBSD Guide:
hhttttpp::////nneettbbssdd..oorrgg//ddooccss//gguuiiddee//eenn//cchhaapp--xx..hhttmmll
5. Installing third party packages
If you wish to install any of the software freely available for
UNIX-like systems you are strongly advised to first check the NetBSD
package system, pkgsrc. pkgsrc automatically handles any changes
necessary to make the software run on NetBSD. This includes the
retrieval and installation of any other packages on which the soft-
ware may depend.
++oo More information on the package system is available at
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ddooccss//ssooffttwwaarree//ppaacckkaaggeess..hhttmmll
++oo A list of available packages suitable for browsing is at
ffttpp::////ffttpp..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ppuubb//NNeettBBSSDD//ppaacckkaaggeess//ppkkggssrrcc//RREEAADDMMEE..hhttmmll
++oo Precompiled binaries can be found at
ffttpp::////ffttpp..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ppuubb//ppkkggssrrcc//ppaacckkaaggeess//NNeettBBSSDD//
usually in the _i_3_8_6_/_5_._9_9_._6_4_/_A_l_l subdir. You can install them
with the following commands under sh(1):
## PPKKGG__PPAATTHH==ffttpp::////ffttpp..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ppuubb//ppkkggssrrcc//ppaacckkaaggeess//NNeettBBSSDD//ii338866//55..9999..6644//AAllll
## eexxppoorrtt PPKKGG__PPAATTHH
## ppkkgg__aadddd --vv ttccsshh
## ppkkgg__aadddd --vv bbaasshh
## ppkkgg__aadddd --vv ppeerrll
## ppkkgg__aadddd --vv aappaacchhee
## ppkkgg__aadddd --vv kkddee
## ppkkgg__aadddd --vv ffiirreeffooxx
...
If you are using csh(1) then replace the first two lines with
the following:
## sseetteennvv PPKKGG__PPAATTHH ffttpp::////ffttpp..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ppuubb//ppkkggssrrcc//ppaacckkaaggeess//NNeettBBSSDD//ii338866//55..9999..6644//AAllll
_N_o_t_e_: Some mirror sites don't mirror the _/_p_u_b_/_p_k_g_s_r_c directory.
If you would like to use such mirrors, you could also try
the
_/_p_u_b_/_N_e_t_B_S_D_/_p_a_c_k_a_g_e_s_/_c_u_r_r_e_n_t_-_p_a_c_k_a_g_e_s_/_N_e_t_B_S_D_/_i_3_8_6_/_5_._9_9_._6_4_/_A_l_l
directory, which may have the same contents.
The above commands will install the Tenex-csh and Bourne Again
shells, the Perl programming language, Apache web server, KDE
desktop environment and the Firefox web browser as well as all
the packages they depend on.
_N_o_t_e_: In some cases the pkg_add(1) command will complain about
a version mismatch of packages with a message like the
following:
Warning: package `foo' was built for a different
version of the OS:
NetBSD/i386 M.N (pkg) vs. NetBSD/i386 5.99.64 (this
host),
This warning is harmless if the formal major release num-
bers are the same between the pkg and your host. Please
refer to the NetBSD release glossary and graphs at
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//rreelleeaasseess//rreelleeaassee--mmaapp..hhttmmll
for more information about NetBSD's release numbering
scheme.
++oo The framework for compiling packages can be obtained by retriev-
ing the file
ffttpp::////ffttpp..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ppuubb//NNeettBBSSDD//ppaacckkaaggeess//ppkkggssrrcc..ttaarr..ggzz
It is typically extracted into _/_u_s_r_/_p_k_g_s_r_c (though other loca-
tions work fine) with the commands:
# ccdd //uussrr
# ttaarr --zzxxppff ppkkggssrrcc..ttaarr..ggzz
After extracting, see the _d_o_c_/_p_k_g_s_r_c_._t_x_t file in the extraction
directory (e.g., _/_u_s_r_/_p_k_g_s_r_c_/_d_o_c_/_p_k_g_s_r_c_._t_x_t) for more informa-
tion.
6. Misc
++oo Edit _/_e_t_c_/_m_a_i_l_/_a_l_i_a_s_e_s to forward root mail to the right place.
Don't forget to run newaliases(1) afterwards.
++oo The _/_e_t_c_/_p_o_s_t_f_i_x_/_m_a_i_n_._c_f file will almost definitely need to be
adjusted. If you prefer a different MTA, then install it using
pkgsrc or by hand and adjust _/_e_t_c_/_m_a_i_l_e_r_._c_o_n_f.
++oo Edit _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._l_o_c_a_l to run any local daemons you use.
++oo Many of the _/_e_t_c files are documented in section 5 of the man-
ual; so just invoking
# mmaann 55 _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
is likely to give you more information on these files.
UUppggrraaddiinngg aa pprreevviioouussllyy--iinnssttaalllleedd NNeettBBSSDD SSyysstteemm
The easiest way to upgrade to NetBSD 5.99.64 is with binaries, and that
is the method documented here.
To do the upgrade, you must have one form of boot media available. You
must also have at least the bbaassee and kkeerrnn binary distribution sets avail-
able. Finally, you must have sufficient disk space available to install
the new binaries. Since files already installed on the system are over-
written in place, you only need additional free space for files which
weren't previously installed or to account for growth of the sets between
releases. If you have a few megabytes free on each of your root (_/) and
_/_u_s_r partitions, you should have enough space.
Since upgrading involves replacing the kernel, boot blocks, and most of
the system binaries, it has the potential to cause data loss. You are
strongly advised to _b_a_c_k _u_p any important data on the NetBSD partition or
on another operating system's partition on your disk before beginning the
upgrade process.
The upgrade procedure is similar to an installation, but without the hard
disk partitioning. ssyyssiinnsstt will attempt to merge the settings stored in
your _/_e_t_c directory with the new version of NetBSD. Also, file systems
are checked before unpacking the sets. Fetching the binary sets is done
in the same manner as the installation procedure; refer to the installa-
tion part of the document for help.
After a new kernel has been copied to your hard disk, your machine is a
complete NetBSD 5.99.64 system. However, that doesn't mean that you're
finished with the upgrade process. You will probably want to update the
set of device nodes you have in _/_d_e_v. If you've changed the contents of
_/_d_e_v by hand, you will need to be careful about this, but if not, you can
just cd into _/_d_e_v, and run the command:
# sshh MMAAKKEEDDEEVV aallll
Finally, you will want to delete old binaries that were part of the ver-
sion of NetBSD that you upgraded from and have since been removed from
the NetBSD distribution.
CCoommppaattiibbiilliittyy IIssssuueess WWiitthh PPrreevviioouuss NNeettBBSSDD RReelleeaasseess
Users upgrading from previous versions of NetBSD may wish to bear the
following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to
NetBSD 5.99.64.
Note that ssyyssiinnsstt will automatically invoke
postinstall fix
and thus all issues that are fixed by ppoossttiinnssttaallll by default (see below)
will be handled.
_I_s_s_u_e_s _a_f_f_e_c_t_i_n_g _a_n _u_p_g_r_a_d_e _f_r_o_m _N_e_t_B_S_D _5_._x _r_e_l_e_a_s_e_s
The pthread libraries from previous versions of NetBSD require that the
sysctl(3) node kern.no_sa_support be set to 0. This affects the follow-
ing environments:
++oo Running a 5.0 kernel with an older userland.
++oo Running an older userland inside a chroot'ed environment on a 5.0
system.
++oo Running older statically linked pthread applications.
The 5.0 kernel defaults to 0 for kern.no_sa_support, which covers the
first case. However, please note that a full installation of 5.0 (either
from scratch or through an upgrade) will set kern.no_sa_support to 1 dur-
ing the boot process. This means that for the last two cases, you will
have to manually set kern.no_sa_support to 0, using either the sysctl(8)
command or through sysctl.conf(5).
_I_s_s_u_e_s _a_f_f_e_c_t_i_n_g _a_n _u_p_g_r_a_d_e _f_r_o_m _N_e_t_B_S_D _4_._x _r_e_l_e_a_s_e_s
The following issues can generally be resolved by running _p_o_s_t_i_n_s_t_a_l_l
with the eettcc set:
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix
Issues fixed by _p_o_s_t_i_n_s_t_a_l_l:
++oo Various files in _/_e_t_c need upgrading. These include:
-- _/_e_t_c_/_d_e_f_a_u_l_t_s_/_*
-- _/_e_t_c_/_m_t_r_e_e_/_*
-- _/_e_t_c_/_d_a_i_l_y
-- _/_e_t_c_/_w_e_e_k_l_y
-- _/_e_t_c_/_m_o_n_t_h_l_y
-- _/_e_t_c_/_s_e_c_u_r_i_t_y
-- _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._s_u_b_r
-- _/_e_t_c_/_r_c
-- _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._s_h_u_t_d_o_w_n
-- _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._d_/_*
-- _/_e_t_c_/_e_n_v_s_y_s_._c_o_n_f
The following issues need to be resolved manually:
++oo The users `_httpd' and `_timedc' and the groups `_httpd' and
`_timedc' need to be created.
++oo Unprivileged use of the mount(8) command now requires the
_n_o_s_u_i_d and _n_o_d_e_v options to be explicitly specified. Previ-
ously, these options were automatically enforced even if they
were not explicitly specified.
++oo A number of things have been removed from the NetBSD 5.99.64
release. See the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near
the beginning of this document for a list.
UUssiinngg oonnlliinnee NNeettBBSSDD ddooccuummeennttaattiioonn
Documentation is available if you installed the manual distribution set.
Traditionally, the ``man pages'' (documentation) are denoted by
`name(section)'. Some examples of this are
++oo intro(1),
++oo man(1),
++oo apropos(1),
++oo passwd(1), and
++oo passwd(5).
The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three
are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats are
in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8.
The _m_a_n command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is
started by entering mmaann [_s_e_c_t_i_o_n] _t_o_p_i_c. The brackets [] around the sec-
tion should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is
optional. If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the
lowest numbered section name will be displayed. For instance, after log-
ging in, enter
# mmaann ppaasssswwdd
to read the documentation for passwd(1). To view the documentation for
passwd(5), enter
# mmaann 55 ppaasssswwdd
instead.
If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter
# aapprrooppooss _s_u_b_j_e_c_t_-_w_o_r_d
where _s_u_b_j_e_c_t_-_w_o_r_d is your topic of interest; a list of possibly related
man pages will be displayed.
AAddmmiinniissttrriivviiaa
If you've got something to say, do so! We'd like your input. There are
various mailing lists available via the mailing list server at
_m_a_j_o_r_d_o_m_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g. To get help on using the mailing list server, send
mail to that address with an empty body, and it will reply with instruc-
tions. See
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//mmaaiilliinngglliissttss//
for a web interface.
There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and ques-
tions about this release. Please send comments to:
_n_e_t_b_s_d_-_c_o_m_m_e_n_t_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g.
To report bugs, use the send-pr(1) command shipped with NetBSD, and fill
in as much information about the problem as you can. Good bug reports
include lots of details.
Bugs also can be submitted and queried with the web interface at
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ssuuppppoorrtt//sseenndd--pprr..hhttmmll
There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of each
port of NetBSD. Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//mmaaiilliinngglliissttss//
If you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific
port, you probably should contact the `owner' of that port (listed
below).
If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how you
could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to: _n_e_t_b_s_d_-_u_s_e_r_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g.
As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these mailing
lists. Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW
somewhere, then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather
not do that, mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want
it.
TThhaannkkss ggoo ttoo
++oo The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group, includ-
ing (but not limited to):
Keith Bostic
Ralph Campbell
Mike Karels
Marshall Kirk McKusick
for their work on BSD systems, support, and encouragement.
++oo The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the NetBSD FTP,
CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers.
++oo The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server which
runs the CVSweb interface to the NetBSD source tree.
++oo The Luleoa Academic Computer Society for providing the backup services
server.
++oo The Columbia University Computer Science Department for hosting the
NYC build cluster.
++oo The Western Washington University Computer Science Department for
running the WWU build cluster.
++oo The many organizations that provide NetBSD mirror sites.
++oo Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats
go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people
who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool.
++oo We list the individuals and organizations that have made donations or
loans of hardware and/or money, to support NetBSD development, and
deserve credit for it at
hhttttpp::////wwwwww..NNeettBBSSDD..oorrgg//ddoonnaattiioonnss//
(If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! We probably were
not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you wanted to be
listed.)
++oo Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into
developing NetBSD since its inception in January, 1993. (Obviously,
there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here. If you're one
of them, and would like to be mentioned, tell us!)
WWee aarree......
(in alphabetical order)
_T_h_e _N_e_t_B_S_D _c_o_r_e _g_r_o_u_p_:
Alistair Crooks _a_g_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matthew Green _m_r_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matt Thomas _m_a_t_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
YAMAMOTO Takashi _y_a_m_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Christos Zoulas _c_h_r_i_s_t_o_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
_T_h_e _p_o_r_t_m_a_s_t_e_r_s _(_a_n_d _t_h_e_i_r _p_o_r_t_s_)_:
Erik Berls _c_y_b_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g ccoobbaalltt
Manuel Bouyer _b_o_u_y_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g xxeenn
Simon Burge _s_i_m_o_n_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g eevvbbmmiippss
Simon Burge _s_i_m_o_n_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g ppmmaaxx
Simon Burge _s_i_m_o_n_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g ssbbmmiippss
Julian Coleman _j_d_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aattaarrii
Andrew Doran _a_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aammdd6644
Andrew Doran _a_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g ii338866
Matthias Drochner _d_r_o_c_h_n_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g cceessffiicc
Gavan Fantom _g_a_v_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g iiyyoonniixx
Jaime A Fournier _o_b_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g zzaauurruuss
Ben Harris _b_j_h_2_1_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aaccoorrnn2266
Nick Hudson _s_k_r_l_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g hhpp770000
Martin Husemann _m_a_r_t_i_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g ssppaarrcc6644
S/oren J/orvang _s_o_r_e_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g ssggiimmiippss
Takayoshi Kochi _k_o_c_h_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g iiaa6644
Michael Lorenz _m_a_c_a_l_l_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g mmaaccppppcc
Anders Magnusson _r_a_g_g_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g vvaaxx
Tohru Nishimura _n_i_s_i_m_u_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g lluunnaa6688kk
Tohru Nishimura _n_i_s_i_m_u_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g ssaannddppooiinntt
Scott Reynolds _s_c_o_t_t_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g mmaacc6688kk
Tim Rightnour _g_a_r_b_l_e_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g ooffppppcc
Tim Rightnour _g_a_r_b_l_e_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g pprreepp
Tim Rightnour _g_a_r_b_l_e_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g rrss66000000
Noriyuki Soda _s_o_d_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aarrcc
Ignatios Souvatzis _i_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aammiiggaa
Ignatios Souvatzis _i_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aammiiggaappppcc
NISHIMURA Takeshi _n_s_m_r_t_k_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g xx6688kk
Matt Thomas _m_a_t_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aallpphhaa
Matt Thomas _m_a_t_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g iibbmmnnwwss
Matt Thomas _m_a_t_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g nneettwwiinnddeerr
Jason Thorpe _t_h_o_r_p_e_j_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aallggoorr
Jason Thorpe _t_h_o_r_p_e_j_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g eevvbbaarrmm
Jason Thorpe _t_h_o_r_p_e_j_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g sshhaarrkk
IWAMOTO Toshihiro _t_o_s_h_i_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g hhppccaarrmm
Izumi Tsutsui _t_s_u_t_s_u_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g eewwss44880000mmiippss
Izumi Tsutsui _t_s_u_t_s_u_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g hhpp330000
Izumi Tsutsui _t_s_u_t_s_u_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g nneewwss6688kk
Valeriy E. Ushakov _u_w_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g hhppccsshh
Valeriy E. Ushakov _u_w_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g llaannddiisskk
Steve Woodford _s_c_w_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g eevvbbppppcc
Steve Woodford _s_c_w_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g mmvvmmee6688kk
Steve Woodford _s_c_w_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g mmvvmmeeppppcc
Reinoud Zandijk _r_e_i_n_o_u_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g aaccoorrnn3322
_T_h_e _N_e_t_B_S_D _5_._9_9_._6_4 _R_e_l_e_a_s_e _E_n_g_i_n_e_e_r_i_n_g _t_e_a_m_:
Stephen Borrill _s_b_o_r_r_i_l_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Manuel Bouyer _b_o_u_y_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
David Brownlee _a_b_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
James Chacon _j_m_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Julian Coleman _j_d_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Alistair G. Crooks _a_g_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Hoavard Eidnes _h_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jaime A Fournier _o_b_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Liam J. Foy _l_i_a_m_j_f_o_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Heasley _h_e_a_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Martin Husemann _m_a_r_t_i_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Soren Jacobsen _s_n_j_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Phil Nelson _p_h_i_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jeff Rizzo _r_i_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
SAITOH Masanobu _m_s_a_i_t_o_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
_N_e_t_B_S_D _D_e_v_e_l_o_p_e_r_s_:
Nathan Ahlstrom _n_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Steve Allen _w_o_r_m_e_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jukka Andberg _j_a_n_d_b_e_r_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Julian Assange _p_r_o_f_f_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Lennart Augustsson _a_u_g_u_s_t_s_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Zafer Aydogan _z_a_f_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Christoph Badura _b_a_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Marc Balmer _m_b_a_l_m_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Bang Jun-Young _j_u_n_y_o_u_n_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Dieter Baron _d_i_l_l_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Robert V. Baron _r_v_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Alan Barrett _a_p_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Grant Beattie _g_r_a_n_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Erik Berls _c_y_b_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Hiroyuki Bessho _b_s_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Birrell _j_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Rafal Boni _r_a_f_a_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Stephen Borrill _s_b_o_r_r_i_l_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Sean Boudreau _s_e_a_n_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Manuel Bouyer _b_o_u_y_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Allen Briggs _b_r_i_g_g_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Mark Brinicombe _m_a_r_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Aaron Brown _a_b_r_o_w_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Andrew Brown _a_t_a_t_a_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
David Brownlee _a_b_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jon Buller _j_o_n_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Simon Burge _s_i_m_o_n_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Robert Byrnes _b_y_r_n_e_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Pavel Cahyna _p_a_v_e_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
D'Arcy J.M. Cain _d_a_r_c_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Taylor R. Campbell _r_i_a_s_t_r_a_d_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Daniel Carosone _d_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Dave Carrel _c_a_r_r_e_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
James Chacon _j_m_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Mihai Chelaru _k_e_f_r_e_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Aleksey Cheusov _c_h_e_u_s_o_v_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Bill Coldwell _b_i_l_l_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Julian Coleman _j_d_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Marcus Comstedt _m_a_r_c_u_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jeremy Cooper _j_e_r_e_m_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Thomas Cort _t_c_o_r_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Chuck Cranor _c_h_u_c_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Alistair Crooks _a_g_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Johan Danielsson _j_o_d_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Darrow _j_d_a_r_r_o_w_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jed Davis _j_l_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matt DeBergalis _d_e_b_e_r_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Arnaud Degroote _d_e_g_r_o_o_t_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Rob Deker _d_e_k_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Chris G. Demetriou _c_g_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tracy Di Marco White _g_e_n_d_a_l_i_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jarom'ir Dolecek _j_d_o_l_e_c_e_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Andy Doran _a_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Roland Dowdeswell _e_l_r_i_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Steven Drake _s_b_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Emmanuel Dreyfus _m_a_n_u_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matthias Drochner _d_r_o_c_h_n_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jun Ebihara _j_u_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Hoavard Eidnes _h_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jaime A Fournier _o_b_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Stoned Elipot _s_e_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Michael van Elst _m_l_e_l_s_t_v_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Enami Tsugutomo _e_n_a_m_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Bernd Ernesti _v_e_e_g_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Erik Fair _f_a_i_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Gavan Fantom _g_a_v_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Hauke Fath _h_a_u_k_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Hubert Feyrer _h_u_b_e_r_t_f_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jason R. Fink _j_r_f_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matt J. Fleming _m_j_f_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Marty Fouts _m_a_r_t_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Liam J. Foy _l_i_a_m_j_f_o_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matt Fredette _f_r_e_d_e_t_t_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Thorsten Frueauf _f_r_u_e_a_u_f_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Castor Fu _c_a_s_t_o_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Makoto Fujiwara _m_e_f_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ichiro Fukuhara _i_c_h_i_r_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Quentin Garnier _c_u_b_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Thomas Gerner _t_h_o_m_a_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Simon J. Gerraty _s_j_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Justin Gibbs _g_i_b_b_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Chris Gilbert _c_h_r_i_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Eric Gillespie _e_p_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Brian Ginsbach _g_i_n_s_b_a_c_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Oliver V. Gould _v_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Paul Goyette _p_g_o_y_e_t_t_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Michael Graff _e_x_p_l_o_r_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matthew Green _m_r_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Andreas Gustafsson _g_s_o_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ulrich Habel _r_h_a_e_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino _i_t_o_j_u_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
HAMAJIMA Katsuomi _h_a_m_a_j_i_m_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Adam Hamsik _h_a_a_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Juergen Hannken-Illjes _h_a_n_n_k_e_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Charles M. Hannum _m_y_c_r_o_f_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Yorick Hardy _y_h_a_r_d_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ben Harris _b_j_h_2_1_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Eric Haszlakiewicz _e_r_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Hawkinson _j_h_a_w_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Emile Heitor _i_m_i_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Heasley _h_e_a_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Lars Heidieker _p_a_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Geert Hendrickx _g_h_e_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ren'e Hexel _r_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Iain Hibbert _p_l_u_n_k_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Kouichirou Hiratsuka _h_i_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Michael L. Hitch _m_h_i_t_c_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
'Ad'am H'oka _a_h_o_k_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jachym Holecek _f_r_e_z_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
David A. Holland _d_h_o_l_l_a_n_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Christian E. Hopps _c_h_o_p_p_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Daniel Horecki _m_o_r_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ken Hornstein _k_e_n_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Marc Horowitz _m_a_r_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Eduardo Horvath _e_e_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Nick Hudson _s_k_r_l_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Shell Hung _s_h_e_l_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Darran Hunt _d_a_r_r_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Martin Husemann _m_a_r_t_i_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Dean Huxley _d_e_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Love Hoernquist oAstrand _l_h_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Roland Illig _r_i_l_l_i_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Bernardo Innocenti _b_e_r_n_i_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tetsuya Isaki _i_s_a_k_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
ITOH Yasufumi _i_t_o_h_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
IWAMOTO Toshihiro _t_o_s_h_i_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matthew Jacob _m_j_a_c_o_b_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Soren Jacobsen _s_n_j_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj _l_o_n_h_y_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Darrin Jewell _d_b_j_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Nicolas Joly _n_j_o_l_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
S/oren J/orvang _s_o_r_e_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Takahiro Kambe _t_a_c_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Antti Kantee _p_o_o_k_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Frank Kardel _k_a_r_d_e_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
KAWAMOTO Yosihisa _k_a_w_a_m_o_t_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Min Sik Kim _m_i_n_s_k_i_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
KIYOHARA Takashi _k_i_y_o_h_a_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Thomas Klausner _w_i_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Klaus Klein _k_l_e_i_n_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Klos _j_k_l_o_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Wayne Knowles _w_d_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Takayoshi Kochi _k_o_c_h_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jonathan A. Kollasch _j_a_k_l_l_s_c_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Radoslaw Kujawa _r_k_u_j_a_w_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jochen Kunz _j_k_u_n_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Martti Kuparinen _m_a_r_t_t_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Arnaud Lacombe _a_l_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Kevin Lahey _k_m_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
David Laight _d_s_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Johnny C. Lam _j_l_a_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Guillaume Lasmayous _g_l_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Martin J. Laubach _m_j_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Greg Lehey _g_r_o_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ted Lemon _m_e_l_l_o_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Christian Limpach _c_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Frank van der Linden _f_v_d_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Joel Lindholm _j_o_e_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tonnerre Lombard _t_o_n_n_e_r_r_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Mike Long _m_i_k_e_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Michael Lorenz _m_a_c_a_l_l_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Warner Losh _i_m_p_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tomasz Luchowski _z_u_n_t_u_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Federico Lupi _f_e_d_e_r_i_c_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Brett Lymn _b_l_y_m_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
MAEKAWA Masahide _g_e_h_e_n_n_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Anders Magnusson _r_a_g_g_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Marino _m_a_r_i_n_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Roy Marples _r_o_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Cherry G. Mathew _c_h_e_r_r_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
David Maxwell _d_a_v_i_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Gregory McGarry _g_m_c_g_a_r_r_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Dan McMahill _d_m_c_m_a_h_i_l_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jared D. McNeill _j_m_c_n_e_i_l_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Neil J. McRae _n_e_i_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Julio M. Merino Vidal _j_m_m_v_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Perry Metzger _p_e_r_r_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Luke Mewburn _l_u_k_e_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jean-Yves Migeon _j_y_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Brook Milligan _b_r_o_o_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Minoura Makoto _m_i_n_o_u_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Simas Mockevicius _s_y_m_k_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
der Mouse _m_o_u_s_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Constantine A. Murenin _c_n_s_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Joseph Myers _j_s_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tuomo Maekinen _t_j_a_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Zolt'an Arnold NAGY _z_o_l_t_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ken Nakata _k_e_n_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Takeshi Nakayama _n_a_k_a_y_a_m_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Alexander Nasonov _a_l_n_s_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Phil Nelson _p_h_i_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Nemeth _j_n_e_m_e_t_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
NISHIMURA Takeshi _n_s_m_r_t_k_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tohru Nishimura _n_i_s_i_m_u_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
NONAKA Kimihiro _n_o_n_a_k_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Takehiko NOZAKI _t_n_o_z_a_k_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tobias Nygren _t_n_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
OBATA Akio _o_b_a_c_h_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jesse Off _j_o_f_f_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tatoku Ogaito _t_a_c_h_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
OKANO Takayoshi _k_a_n_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Masaru Oki _o_k_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ryo ONODERA _r_y_o_o_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Atsushi Onoe _o_n_o_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Greg Oster _o_s_t_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jonathan Perkin _s_k_e_t_c_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Fredrik Pettai _p_e_t_t_a_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Herb Peyerl _h_p_e_y_e_r_l_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matthias Pfaller _m_a_t_t_h_i_a_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Chris Pinnock _c_j_e_p_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Adrian Portelli _a_d_r_i_a_n_p_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Chris Provenzano _p_r_o_v_e_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Mindaugas Rasiukevicius _r_m_i_n_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Michael Rauch _m_r_a_u_c_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Marc Recht _r_e_c_h_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Darren Reed _d_a_r_r_e_n_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jeremy C. Reed _r_e_e_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jens Rehsack _s_n_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Antoine Reilles _t_o_n_i_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tyler R. Retzlaff _r_t_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Scott Reynolds _s_c_o_t_t_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tim Rightnour _g_a_r_b_l_e_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jeff Rizzo _r_i_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Hans Rosenfeld _h_a_n_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Steve Rumble _r_u_m_b_l_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Rumko _r_u_m_k_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jukka Ruohonen _j_r_u_o_h_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Blair J. Sadewitz _b_j_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
David Sainty _d_s_a_i_n_t_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
SAITOH Masanobu _m_s_a_i_t_o_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Kazuki Sakamoto _s_a_k_a_m_o_t_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Curt Sampson _c_j_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Wilfredo Sanchez _w_s_a_n_c_h_e_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ty Sarna _t_s_a_r_n_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
SATO Kazumi _s_a_t_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jan Schaumann _j_s_c_h_a_u_m_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matthias Scheler _t_r_o_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Silke Scheler _s_i_l_k_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Karl Schilke (rAT) _r_a_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Amitai Schlair _s_c_h_m_o_n_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Konrad Schroder _p_e_r_s_e_a_n_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Georg Schwarz _s_c_h_w_a_r_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Lubomir Sedlacik _s_a_l_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Christopher SEKIYA _s_e_k_i_y_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Reed Shadgett _d_e_n_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
John Shannon _s_h_a_n_n_o_n_j_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tim Shepard _s_h_e_p_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Naoto Shimazaki _i_g_y_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ryo Shimizu _r_y_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Takao Shinohara _s_h_i_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Takuya SHIOZAKI _t_s_h_i_o_z_a_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Daniel Sieger _d_s_i_e_g_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Chuck Silvers _c_h_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Thor Lancelot Simon _t_l_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jeff Smith _j_e_f_f_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Noriyuki Soda _s_o_d_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Wolfgang Solfrank _w_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Joerg Sonnenberger _j_o_e_r_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Ignatios Souvatzis _i_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
T K Spindler _d_o_g_c_o_w_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matthew Sporleder _m_s_p_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Bill Squier _g_r_o_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Adrian Steinmann _a_s_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Bill Studenmund _w_r_s_t_u_d_e_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Kevin Sullivan _s_u_l_l_i_v_a_n_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Kimmo Suominen _k_i_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Gr'egoire Sutre _g_s_u_t_r_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Sergey Svishchev _s_h_a_t_t_e_r_e_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Robert Swindells _r_j_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Shin Takemura _t_a_k_e_m_u_r_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
TAMURA Kent _k_e_n_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Shin'ichiro TAYA _t_a_y_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Hasso Tepper _h_a_s_s_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Matt Thomas _m_a_t_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jason Thorpe _t_h_o_r_p_e_j_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Christoph Toshok _t_o_s_h_o_k_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Greg Troxel _g_d_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tsubai Masanari _t_s_u_b_a_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Izumi Tsutsui _t_s_u_t_s_u_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
UCHIYAMA Yasushi _u_c_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Masao Uebayashi _u_e_b_a_y_a_s_i_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Shuichiro URATA _u_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Valeriy E. Ushakov _u_w_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Todd Vierling _t_v_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Aymeric Vincent _a_y_m_e_r_i_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Paul Vixie _v_i_x_i_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Mike M. Volokhov _m_i_s_h_k_a_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Krister Walfridsson _k_r_i_s_t_e_r_w_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Mark Weinem _w_e_i_n_e_m_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Lex Wennmacher _w_e_n_n_m_a_c_h_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Leo Weppelman _l_e_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Assar Westerlund _a_s_s_a_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Frank Wille _p_h_x_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Nathan Williams _n_a_t_h_a_n_w_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Rob Windsor _w_i_n_d_s_o_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Jim Wise _j_w_i_s_e_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Colin Wood _e_n_d_e_r_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Steve Woodford _s_c_w_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
YAMAMOTO Takashi _y_a_m_t_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Yuji Yamano _y_y_a_m_a_n_o_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
David Young _d_y_o_u_n_g_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Arnaud Ysmal _s_t_a_c_k_t_i_c_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Reinoud Zandijk _r_e_i_n_o_u_d_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
S.P.Zeidler _s_p_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Tim Zingelman _t_e_z_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
Christos Zoulas _c_h_r_i_s_t_o_s_@_N_e_t_B_S_D_._o_r_g
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Project.
This product includes software developed by Joerg Wunsch
This product includes software developed by John Birrell.
This product includes software developed by John P. Wittkoski.
This product includes software developed by John Polstra.
This product includes software developed by Jonathan R. Stone for the
NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Jonathan Stone and Jason R.
Thorpe for the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Jonathan Stone.
This product includes software developed by Julian Highfield.
This product includes software developed by Kazuhisa Shimizu.
This product includes software developed by Kazuki Sakamoto.
This product includes software developed by Kenneth Stailey.
This product includes software developed by Kiyoshi Ikehara.
This product includes software developed by Klaus Burkert,by Bernd
Ernesti, by Michael van Elst, and by the University of California, Berke-
ley and its contributors.
This product includes software developed by LAN Media Corporation and its
contributors.
This product includes software developed by Lloyd Parkes.
This product includes software developed by Lutz Vieweg.
This product includes software developed by MINOURA Makoto, Takuya
Harakawa.
This product includes software developed by Marc Horowitz.
This product includes software developed by Marcus Comstedt.
This product includes software developed by Mark Brinicombe for the
NetBSD project.
This product includes software developed by Mark Brinicombe.
This product includes software developed by Mark Tinguely and Jim Lowe
This product includes software developed by Markus Wild.
This product includes software developed by Masanobu Saitoh.
This product includes software developed by Masaru Oki.
This product includes software developed by Matthew Fredette.
This product includes software developed by Michael Smith.
This product includes software developed by Mike Pritchard.
This product includes software developed by Mike Pritchard and contribu-
tors.
This product includes software developed by Minoura Makoto.
This product includes software developed by Niels Provos.
This product includes software developed by Niklas Hallqvist, Brandon
Creighton and Job de Haas.
This product includes software developed by Niklas Hallqvist.
This product includes software developed by Paul Kranenburg.
This product includes software developed by Paul Mackerras.
This product includes software developed by Per Fogelstrom
This product includes software developed by Peter Galbavy.
This product includes software developed by Phase One, Inc.
This product includes software developed by Philip A. Nelson.
This product includes software developed by RiscBSD.
This product includes software developed by Roar Thronaes.
This product includes software developed by Rodney W. Grimes.
This product includes software developed by Roger Hardiman
This product includes software developed by Rolf Grossmann.
This product includes software developed by Ross Harvey for the NetBSD
Project.
This product includes software developed by Ross Harvey.
This product includes software developed by Scott Bartram.
This product includes software developed by Scott Stevens.
This product includes software developed by Shingo WATANABE.
This product includes software developed by Softweyr LLC, the University
of California, Berkeley, and its contributors.
This product includes software developed by Stephan Thesing.
This product includes software developed by Steven M. Bellovin.
This product includes software developed by Takashi Hamada.
This product includes software developed by Takumi Nakamura.
This product includes software developed by Tatoku Ogaito for the NetBSD
Project.
This product includes software developed by Terrence R. Lambert.
This product includes software developed by TooLs GmbH.
This product includes software developed by Trimble Navigation, Ltd.
This product includes software developed by WIDE Project and its contrib-
utors.
This product includes software developed by Waldi Ravens.
This product includes software developed by Wasabi Systems for Zembu
Labs, Inc.
http://www.zembu.com/
This product includes software developed by Winning Strategies, Inc.
This product includes software developed by Wolfgang Solfrank.
This product includes software developed by Yasushi Yamasaki.
This product includes software developed by Yen Yen Lim and North Dakota
State University.
This product includes software developed by Zembu Labs, Inc.
This product includes software developed by the Alice Group.
This product includes software developed by the Center for Software Sci-
ence at the University of Utah.
This product includes software developed by the Charles D. Cranor, Wash-
ington University, University of California, Berkeley and its contribu-
tors.
This product includes software developed by the Computer Systems Engi-
neering Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
This product includes software developed by the David Muir Sharnoff.
This product includes software developed by the Harvard University and
its contributors.
This product includes software developed by the Network Research Group at
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use
in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (
http://www.OpenSSL.org/)
This product includes software developed by the PocketBSD project and its
contributors.
This product includes software developed by the RiscBSD kernel team
This product includes software developed by the RiscBSD team.
This product includes software developed by the SMCC Technology Develop-
ment Group at Sun Microsystems, Inc.
This product includes software developed by the University of California,
Berkeley and its contributors, as well as the Trustees of Columbia Uni-
versity.
This product includes software developed by the University of California,
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.
This product includes software developed by the University of California,
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
This product includes software developed by the University of Illinois at
Urbana and their contributors.
This product includes software developed by the Urbana-Champaign Indepen-
dent Media Center.
This product includes software developed by the University of Vermont and
State Agricultural College and Garrett A. Wollman.
This product includes software developed by the University of Vermont and
State Agricultural College and Garrett A. Wollman, by William F. Jolitz,
and by the University of California, Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Labora-
tory, and its contributors.
This product includes software developed for the FreeBSD project
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Bernd
Ernesti.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
Christopher G. Demetriou.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
Emmanuel Dreyfus.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Frank
van der Linden
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Igna-
tios Souvatzis.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Jason
R. Thorpe.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by John
M. Vinopal.
This product includes software developed by Kyma Systems.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Kyma
Systems LLC.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
Matthias Drochner.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Perry
E. Metzger.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Scott
Bartram and Frank van der Linden
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Alle-
gro Networks, Inc., and Wasabi Systems, Inc.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
Genetec Corporation.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
Jonathan Stone.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Pier-
mont Information Systems Inc.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by SUNET,
Swedish University Computer Network.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
Shigeyuki Fukushima.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by Wasabi
Systems, Inc.
This product includes software developed under OpenBSD by Per Fogelstrom
Opsycon AB for RTMX Inc, North Carolina, USA.
This product includes software developed under OpenBSD by Per Fogelstrom.
This software is a component of "386BSD" developed by William F. Jolitz,
TeleMuse.
This software was developed by Holger Veit and Brian Moore for use with
"386BSD" and similar operating systems. "Similar operating systems"
includes mainly non-profit oriented systems for research and education,
including but not restricted to "NetBSD", "FreeBSD", "Mach" (by CMU).
This software includes software developed by the Computer Systems Labora-
tory at the University of Utah.
This product includes software developed by Computing Services at
Carnegie Mellon University (
http://www.cmu.edu/computing/).
This product includes software developed by Marshall M. Midden.
This product includes software developed or owned by Caldera Interna-
tional, Inc.
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and The Open Group,
have given us permission to reprint portions of their documentation.
In the following statement, the phrase ``this text'' refers to portions
of the system documentation.
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form in
NetBSD, from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group
Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2004 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
event of any discrepancy between these versions and the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is
the referee document.
The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html.
This notice shall appear on any product containing this material
In the following statement, "This software" refers to the Mitsumi CD-ROM
driver:
This software was developed by Holger Veit and Brian Moore for use
with "386BSD" and similar operating systems. "Similar operating
systems" includes mainly non-profit oriented systems for research
and education, including but not restricted to "NetBSD" , "FreeBSD"
, "Mach" (by CMU).
In the following statement, "This software" refers to the parallel port
driver:
This software is a component of "386BSD" developed by William F.
Jolitz, TeleMuse.
TThhee EEnndd
NetBSD April 25, 2009 NetBSD
