\" $NetBSD: sa.8,v 1.20 2017/07/04 07:12:18 wiz Exp $
\"
\" Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
\" All rights reserved.
\"
\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
\" are met:
\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
\"          This product includes software developed for the
\"          NetBSD Project.  See http://www.NetBSD.org/ for
\"          information about NetBSD.
\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
\"    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
\"
\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
\"
\" <<Id: LICENSE,v 1.2 2000/06/14 15:57:33 cgd Exp>>
\"
Dd February 25, 1994
Dt SA 8
Os
Sh NAME
Nm sa
Nd print system accounting statistics
Sh SYNOPSIS
Nm
Op Fl abcdDfijkKlmnqrstu
Op Fl v Ar cutoff
Op Ar
Sh DESCRIPTION
The
Nm
utility reports on, cleans up,
and generally maintains system
accounting files.
Pp
Nm
is able to condense the information in
Pa /var/account/acct
into the summary files
Pa /var/account/savacct
and
Pa /var/account/usracct ,
which contain system statistics according
to command name and login id, respectively.
This condensation is desirable because on a
large system,
Pa /var/account/acct
can grow by hundreds of blocks per day.
The summary files are normally read before
the accounting file, so that reports include
all available information.
Pp
If file names are supplied, they are read instead of
Pa /var/account/acct .
After each file is read, if the summary
files are being updated, an updated summary will
be saved to disk.
Only one report is printed,
after the last file is processed.
Pp
The labels used in the output indicate the following, except
where otherwise specified by individual options:
Bl -tag -width k*sec
It Dv avio
Average number of I/O operations per execution
It Dv cp
Sum of user and system time, in minutes
It Dv cpu
Same as
Dv cp
It Dv k
CPU-time averaged core usage, in 1k units
It Dv k*sec
CPU storage integral, in 1k-core seconds
It Dv re
Real time, in minutes
It Dv s
System time, in minutes
It Dv tio
Total number of I/O operations
It Dv u
User time, in minutes
El
Pp
The options to
Nm
are:
Bl -tag -width Ds
It Fl a
List all command names, including those containing unprintable
characters and those used only once.
By default,
Nm
places all names containing unprintable characters and
those used only once under the name ``***other''.
It Fl b
If printing command statistics, sort output by the sum of user and system
time divided by number of calls.
It Fl c
In addition to the number of calls and the user, system and real times
for each command, print their percentage of the total over all commands.
It Fl d
If printing command statistics, sort by the average number of disk
I/O operations.
If printing user statistics, print the average number of
disk I/O operations per user.
It Fl D
If printing command statistics, sort and print by the total number
of disk I/O operations.
It Fl f
Force no interactive threshold comparison with the
Fl v
option.
It Fl i
Do not read in the summary files.
It Fl j
Instead of the total minutes per category, give seconds per call.
It Fl k
If printing command statistics, sort by the CPU-time average memory
usage.
If printing user statistics, print the CPU-time average
memory usage.
It Fl K
If printing command statistics, print and sort by the CPU-storage integral.
It Fl l
Separate system and user time; normally they are combined.
It Fl m
Print per-user statistics rather than per-command statistics.
It Fl n
Sort by number of calls.
It Fl q
Create no output other than error messages.
It Fl r
Reverse order of sort.
It Fl s
Truncate the accounting files when done and merge their data
into the summary files.
It Fl t
For each command, report the ratio of real time to the sum
of user and system CPU times.
If the CPU time is too small to report, ``*ignore*'' appears in
this field.
It Fl u
Superseding all other flags, for each entry
in the accounting file, print the user ID, total seconds of CPU usage,
total memory usage, number of I/O operations performed, and
command name.
It Fl v Ar cutoff
For each command used
Ar cutoff
times or fewer, print the command name and await a reply
from the terminal.
If the reply begins with ``y'', add
the command to the category ``**junk**''.
This flag is
used to strip garbage from the report.
El
Pp
By default, per-command statistics will be printed.
The number of
calls, the total elapsed time in minutes, total CPU and user time
in minutes, average number of I/O operations, and CPU-time
averaged core usage will be printed.
If the
Fl m
option is specified, per-user statistics will be printed, including
the user name, the number of commands invoked, total CPU time used
(in minutes), total number of I/O operations, and CPU storage integral
for each user.
If the
Fl u
option is specified, the uid, user and system time (in seconds),
CPU storage integral, I/O usage, and command name will be printed
for each entry in the accounting data file.
Pp
If the
Fl u
flag is specified, all flags other than
Fl q
are ignored.
If the
Fl m
flag is specified, only the
Fl b ,
Fl d ,
Fl i ,
Fl k ,
Fl q ,
and
Fl s
flags are honored.
Sh FILES
Bl -tag -width /var/account/usracct -compact
It Pa /var/account/acct
raw accounting data file
It Pa /var/account/savacct
per-command accounting summary database
It Pa /var/account/usracct
per-user accounting summary database
El
Sh EXIT STATUS
Ex -std sa
Sh SEE ALSO
Xr lastcomm 1 ,
Xr acct 5 ,
Xr ac 8 ,
Xr accton 8
Sh HISTORY
Nm
was written for
Nx 1.0
from the specification provided by various systems' manual pages.
Its date of origin is unknown to the author.
Sh AUTHORS
An Chris G. Demetriou
Aq [email protected] .
Sh CAVEATS
While the behavior of the options in this version of
Nm
was modeled after the original version, there are some intentional
differences and undoubtedly some unintentional ones as well.
In particular, the
Fl q
option has been added, and the
Fl m
option now understands more options than it used to.
Pp
The formats of the summary files created by this version of
Nm
are very different than the those used by the original version.
This is not considered a problem, however, because the accounting record
format has changed as well (since user ids are now 32 bits).
Sh BUGS
The number of options to this program is absurd, especially considering
that there's not much logic behind their lettering.
Pp
The field labels should be more consistent.
Pp
Nx Ns 's
VM system does not record the CPU storage integral.

You are viewing proxied material from ftp.icm.edu.pl. The copyright of proxied material belongs to its original authors. Any comments or complaints in relation to proxied material should be directed to the original authors of the content concerned. Please see the disclaimer for more details.