/*
* Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall
* Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security
* Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR
* contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS
* research program
*
* Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
static int Oflag; /* format as an 4.3BSD file system */
static int extattr; /* use UFS2ea magic */
static int64_t fssize; /* file system size */
static int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */
static int fsize; /* fragment size */
static int bsize; /* block size */
static int maxbsize; /* maximum clustering */
static int maxblkspercg;
static int minfree; /* free space threshold */
static int opt; /* optimization preference (space or time) */
static int density; /* number of bytes per inode */
static int maxcontig; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
static int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
static int bbsize; /* boot block size */
static int sbsize; /* superblock size */
static int avgfilesize; /* expected average file size */
static int avgfpdir; /* expected number of files per directory */
static void
ffs_sb_copy(struct fs *o, const struct fs *i, size_t l, const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
{
memcpy(o, i, l);
/* Zero out pointers */
o->fs_csp = NULL;
o->fs_maxcluster = NULL;
if (fsopts->needswap)
ffs_sb_swap(i, o);
}
struct fs *
ffs_mkfs(const char *fsys, const fsinfo_t *fsopts, time_t tstamp)
{
int fragsperinode, optimalfpg, origdensity, minfpg, lastminfpg;
uint32_t cylno, i;
int32_t csfrags;
long long sizepb;
void *space;
int size;
int nprintcols, printcolwidth;
ffs_opt_t *ffs_opts = fsopts->fs_specific;
if (Oflag == 0) {
sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_42INODEFMT;
sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = 0;
sblock.fs_old_flags = 0;
} else {
sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT;
sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = (Oflag == 1 ? UFS1_MAXSYMLINKLEN :
UFS2_MAXSYMLINKLEN);
sblock.fs_old_flags = FS_FLAGS_UPDATED;
sblock.fs_flags = 0;
}
/*
* Validate the given file system size.
* Verify that its last block can actually be accessed.
* Convert to file system fragment sized units.
*/
if (fssize <= 0) {
printf("preposterous size %lld\n", (long long)fssize);
exit(13);
}
ffs_wtfs(fssize - 1, sectorsize, (char *)&sblock, fsopts);
/*
* collect and verify the filesystem density info
*/
sblock.fs_avgfilesize = avgfilesize;
sblock.fs_avgfpdir = avgfpdir;
if (sblock.fs_avgfilesize <= 0)
printf("illegal expected average file size %d\n",
sblock.fs_avgfilesize), exit(14);
if (sblock.fs_avgfpdir <= 0)
printf("illegal expected number of files per directory %d\n",
sblock.fs_avgfpdir), exit(15);
/*
* collect and verify the block and fragment sizes
*/
sblock.fs_bsize = bsize;
sblock.fs_fsize = fsize;
if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_bsize)) {
printf("block size must be a power of 2, not %d\n",
sblock.fs_bsize);
exit(16);
}
if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_fsize)) {
printf("fragment size must be a power of 2, not %d\n",
sblock.fs_fsize);
exit(17);
}
if (sblock.fs_fsize < sectorsize) {
printf("fragment size %d is too small, minimum is %d\n",
sblock.fs_fsize, sectorsize);
exit(18);
}
if (sblock.fs_bsize < MINBSIZE) {
printf("block size %d is too small, minimum is %d\n",
sblock.fs_bsize, MINBSIZE);
exit(19);
}
if (sblock.fs_bsize > FFS_MAXBSIZE) {
printf("block size %d is too large, maximum is %d\n",
sblock.fs_bsize, FFS_MAXBSIZE);
exit(19);
}
if (sblock.fs_bsize < sblock.fs_fsize) {
printf("block size (%d) cannot be smaller than fragment size (%d)\n",
sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize);
exit(20);
}
if (maxbsize < bsize || !POWEROF2(maxbsize)) {
sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize;
printf("Extent size set to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize);
} else if (sblock.fs_maxbsize > FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize) {
sblock.fs_maxbsize = FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize;
printf("Extent size reduced to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize);
} else {
sblock.fs_maxbsize = maxbsize;
}
sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig;
if (sblock.fs_maxcontig < sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize) {
sblock.fs_maxcontig = sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize;
printf("Maxcontig raised to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize);
}
if (sblock.fs_maxcontig > 1)
sblock.fs_contigsumsize = MIN(sblock.fs_maxcontig,FS_MAXCONTIG);
sblock.fs_bmask = ~(sblock.fs_bsize - 1);
sblock.fs_fmask = ~(sblock.fs_fsize - 1);
sblock.fs_qbmask = ~sblock.fs_bmask;
sblock.fs_qfmask = ~sblock.fs_fmask;
for (sblock.fs_bshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_bsize; i > 1; i >>= 1)
sblock.fs_bshift++;
for (sblock.fs_fshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_fsize; i > 1; i >>= 1)
sblock.fs_fshift++;
sblock.fs_frag = ffs_numfrags(&sblock, sblock.fs_bsize);
for (sblock.fs_fragshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_frag; i > 1; i >>= 1)
sblock.fs_fragshift++;
if (sblock.fs_frag > MAXFRAG) {
printf("fragment size %d is too small, "
"minimum with block size %d is %d\n",
sblock.fs_fsize, sblock.fs_bsize,
sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG);
exit(21);
}
sblock.fs_fsbtodb = ilog2(sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize);
sblock.fs_size = fssize = FFS_DBTOFSB(&sblock, fssize);
/*
* Calculate the number of blocks to put into each cylinder group.
*
* This algorithm selects the number of blocks per cylinder
* group. The first goal is to have at least enough data blocks
* in each cylinder group to meet the density requirement. Once
* this goal is achieved we try to expand to have at least
* 1 cylinder group. Once this goal is achieved, we pack as
* many blocks into each cylinder group map as will fit.
*
* We start by calculating the smallest number of blocks that we
* can put into each cylinder group. If this is too big, we reduce
* the density until it fits.
*/
origdensity = density;
for (;;) {
fragsperinode = MAX(ffs_numfrags(&sblock, density), 1);
minfpg = fragsperinode * FFS_INOPB(&sblock);
if (minfpg > sblock.fs_size)
minfpg = sblock.fs_size;
sblock.fs_ipg = FFS_INOPB(&sblock);
sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno +
sblock.fs_ipg / FFS_INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag);
if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg)
sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg;
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
FFS_INOPB(&sblock));
sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno +
sblock.fs_ipg / FFS_INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag);
if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg)
sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg;
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
FFS_INOPB(&sblock));
if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize)
break;
density -= sblock.fs_fsize;
}
if (density != origdensity)
printf("density reduced from %d to %d\n", origdensity, density);
if (maxblkspercg <= 0 || maxblkspercg >= fssize)
maxblkspercg = fssize - 1;
/*
* Start packing more blocks into the cylinder group until
* it cannot grow any larger, the number of cylinder groups
* drops below 1, or we reach the size requested.
*/
for ( ; sblock.fs_fpg < maxblkspercg; sblock.fs_fpg += sblock.fs_frag) {
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
FFS_INOPB(&sblock));
if (sblock.fs_size / sblock.fs_fpg < 1)
break;
if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize)
continue;
if (CGSIZE(&sblock) == (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize)
break;
sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag;
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
FFS_INOPB(&sblock));
break;
}
/*
* Check to be sure that the last cylinder group has enough blocks
* to be viable. If it is too small, reduce the number of blocks
* per cylinder group which will have the effect of moving more
* blocks into the last cylinder group.
*/
optimalfpg = sblock.fs_fpg;
for (;;) {
sblock.fs_ncg = howmany(sblock.fs_size, sblock.fs_fpg);
lastminfpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno +
sblock.fs_ipg / FFS_INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag);
if (sblock.fs_size < lastminfpg) {
printf("Filesystem size %lld < minimum size of %d\n",
(long long)sblock.fs_size, lastminfpg);
exit(28);
}
if (sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg >= lastminfpg ||
sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg == 0)
break;
sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag;
sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode),
FFS_INOPB(&sblock));
}
if (optimalfpg != sblock.fs_fpg)
printf("Reduced frags per cylinder group from %d to %d %s\n",
optimalfpg, sblock.fs_fpg, "to enlarge last cyl group");
sblock.fs_cgsize = ffs_fragroundup(&sblock, CGSIZE(&sblock));
sblock.fs_dblkno = sblock.fs_iblkno + sblock.fs_ipg / FFS_INOPF(&sblock);
if (Oflag <= 1) {
sblock.fs_old_spc = sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_old_nspf;
sblock.fs_old_nsect = sblock.fs_old_spc;
sblock.fs_old_npsect = sblock.fs_old_spc;
sblock.fs_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_ncg;
}
/*
* fill in remaining fields of the super block
*/
sblock.fs_csaddr = cgdmin(&sblock, 0);
sblock.fs_cssize =
ffs_fragroundup(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(struct csum));
/*
* Setup memory for temporary in-core cylgroup summaries.
* Cribbed from ffs_mountfs().
*/
size = sblock.fs_cssize;
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0)
size += sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(int32_t);
space = ecalloc(1, size);
sblock.fs_csp = space;
space = (char *)space + sblock.fs_cssize;
if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
int32_t *lp;
sblock.fs_maxcluster = lp = space;
for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_ncg; i++)
*lp++ = sblock.fs_contigsumsize;
}
/*
* allocate space for superblock, cylinder group map, and
* two sets of inode blocks.
*/
if (sblock.fs_bsize < SBLOCKSIZE)
iobufsize = SBLOCKSIZE + 3 * sblock.fs_bsize;
else
iobufsize = 4 * sblock.fs_bsize;
iobuf = ecalloc(1, iobufsize);
/*
* Make a copy of the superblock into the buffer that we will be
* writing out in each cylinder group.
*/
ffs_sb_copy(&wb.fs, &sblock, sbsize, fsopts);
memcpy(iobuf, writebuf, SBLOCKSIZE);
/*
* Now construct the initial file system,
* then write out the super-block.
*/
sblock.fs_time = tstamp;
if (Oflag <= 1) {
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree;
sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree;
}
if (fsopts->needswap)
sblock.fs_flags |= FS_SWAPPED;
ffs_write_superblock(&sblock, fsopts);
return (&sblock);
}
/*
* Write out the superblock and its duplicates,
* and the cylinder group summaries
*/
void
ffs_write_superblock(struct fs *fs, const fsinfo_t *fsopts)
{
int size, blks, i, saveflag;
uint32_t cylno;
void *space;
char *wrbuf;
