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\"      @(#)msgs.1      8.2 (Berkeley) 4/28/95
\"
Dd April 28, 1995
Dt MSGS 1
Os
Sh NAME
Nm msgs
Nd system messages and junk mail program
Sh SYNOPSIS
Nm
Op Fl fhlpqr
Op Ar number
Op Ar \-number
Nm
Op Fl s
Nm
Op Fl c Op Ar \-days
Sh DESCRIPTION
Nm
is used to read system messages.
These messages are
sent by mailing to the login `msgs' and should be short
pieces of information which are suitable to be read once by most users
of the system.
Pp
Nm
is normally invoked each time you login, by placing it in the file
Pa .login
(or
Pa .profile
if you use
Xr sh 1 ) .
It will then prompt you with the source and subject of each new message.
If there is no subject line, the first few non-blank lines of the
message will be displayed.
If there is more to the message, you will be told how
long it is and asked whether you wish to see the rest of the message.
The possible responses are:
Bl -tag -width Ic
It Ic y
Type the rest of the message.
It Ic RETURN
Synonym for y.
It Ic n
Skip this message
and go on to the next message.
It Ic -
Redisplay the last message.
It Ic q
Drop out of
Nm ;
the next time
Nm
will pick up where it last left off.
It Ic s
Append the current message to the file ``Messages'' in the current directory;
`s\-' will save the previously displayed message.
A `s' or `s\-' may
be followed by a space and a file name to receive the message replacing
the default ``Messages''.
It Ic m
A copy of the specified message is placed in a temporary
mailbox and
Xr mail 1
is invoked on that mailbox.
It Ic p
The specified message is piped through
Ev PAGER ,
or, if
Ev PAGER
is null or not defined,
Xr more 1 .
The commands `m', `p', and `s' all accept a numeric argument in place of the `\-'.
El
Pp
Nm
keeps track of the next message you will see by a number in the file
Pa \&.msgsrc
in your home directory.
In the directory
Pa /var/msgs
it keeps a set of files whose names are the (sequential) numbers
of the messages they represent.
The file
Pa /var/msgs/bounds
shows the low and high number of the messages in the directory
so that
Nm
can quickly determine if there are no messages for you.
If the contents of
Pa bounds
is incorrect it can be fixed by removing it;
Nm
will make a new
Pa bounds
file the next time it is run.
Pp
The
Fl s
option is used for setting up the posting of messages.
The line
Pp
Dl msgs: \&"\&| /usr/bin/msgs \-s\&"
Pp
should be included in
Pa /etc/mail/aliases
(see
Xr newaliases 1 )
to enable posting of messages.
Pp
The
Fl c
option is used for performing cleanup on
Pa /var/msgs .
An entry with the
Fl c
option should be placed in
Pa /etc/crontab
to run every night.
This will remove all messages over 21 days old.
A different expiration may be specified on the command line to override
the default.
This number must be negative and indicates the number of days before
the present whose messages should be kept; that is, use
Fl c Ar \-3
to remove messages more than three days old.
Pp
Options when reading messages include:
Bl -tag -width Fl
It Fl f
Do not print ``No new messages.''.
This is useful in a
Pa .login
file since this is often the case here.
It Fl q
Queries whether there are messages, printing
``There are new messages.'' if there are.
The command ``msgs \-q'' is often used in login scripts.
It Fl h
Print the first part of messages only.
It Fl r
Disables the ability to save messages or enter the mailer.
It is
assumed that
Ev PAGER
is set to something secure.
It Fl l
Option causes only locally originated messages to be reported.
It Ar number
A message number can be given
on the command line, causing
Nm
to start at the specified message rather than at the next message
indicated by your
Pa \&.msgsrc
file.
Thus
Pp
Dl msgs \-h 1
Pp
prints the first part of all messages.
It Ar \-number
Start
Ar number
messages back from the one indicated in the
Pa \&.msgsrc
file, useful for reviews of recent messages.
It Fl p
Pipe long messages through
Ev PAGER ,
or, if
Ev PAGER
is null or not defined,
Xr more 1 .
El
Pp
Within
Nm
you can also go to any specific message by typing its number when
Nm
requests input as to what to do.
Sh ENVIRONMENT
Nm
uses the
Ev HOME
and
Ev TERM
environment variables for the default home directory and
terminal type.
Sh FILES
Bl -tag -width /var/msgs/* -compact
It Pa /var/msgs/*
database
It ~/.msgsrc
number of next message to be presented
El
Sh SEE ALSO
Xr mail 1 ,
Xr more 1 ,
Xr aliases 5
\".Xr crontab 5
Sh HISTORY
The
Nm
command appeared in
Bx 3.0 .

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