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\"     from: @(#)fstat.1        8.3 (Berkeley) 2/25/94
\"
Dd September 6, 2019
Dt FSTAT 1
Os
Sh NAME
Nm fstat
Nd display status of open files
Sh SYNOPSIS
Nm
Op Fl AfnOv
Op Fl M Ar core
Op Fl N Ar system
Op Fl p Ar pid
Op Fl u Ar user
Op Ar
Sh DESCRIPTION
Nm
identifies open files.
A file is considered open by a process if it was explicitly opened,
is the working directory, root directory, active pure text, or kernel
trace file for that process.
If no options are specified,
Nm
reports on all open files in the system.
Pp
Options:
Bl -tag -width XXXXXXXXXX
It Fl A
Add an output column with the address of the kernel object (vnode or file),
that can be matched with
Xr pstat 8
output.
It Fl f
Restrict examination to files open in the same file systems as
the named file arguments, or to the file system containing the
current directory if there are no additional filename arguments.
For example, to find all files open in the file system where the
directory
Pa /var/log
resides, type
Dq Li fstat -f /var/log .
Please see the
Sx BUGS
section for issues with this option.
It Fl M Ar core
Extract values associated with the name list from the specified
Ar core
instead of the default
Pa /dev/kmem .
It Fl N Ar system
Extract the name list from the specified
Ar system
instead of the default
Pa /netbsd .
It Fl n
Numerical format.
Print the device number (maj,min) of the file system
the file resides in rather than the mount point name; for special
files, print the
device number that the special device refers to rather than the filename
in
Pa /dev ;
and print the mode of the file in octal instead of symbolic form.
It Fl O
Report file offsets instead of sizes.
It Fl p Ar process
Report all files open by the specified
Ar process .
It Fl u Ar user
Report all files open by the specified
Ar user .
It Fl v
Verbose mode.
Print error messages upon failures to locate particular
system data structures rather than silently ignoring them.
Most of
these data structures are dynamically created or deleted and it is
possible for them to disappear while
Nm
is running.
This is normal and unavoidable since the rest of the system is running while
Nm
itself is running.
It Ar
Restrict reports to the specified files.
El
Pp
The following fields are printed:
Bl -tag -width MOUNT
It Li USER
The username of the owner of the process (effective UID).
It Li CMD
The command name of the process.
It Li PID
The process ID.
It Li FD
The file number in the per-process open file table or one of the following
special names:
Pp
Bl -tag -width MOUNT -offset indent -compact
It Li text
pure text inode
It Li wd
current working directory
It Li root
root inode
It Li tr
kernel trace file
El
Pp
If the file number is followed by an asterisk
Pq Dq * ,
the file is not an inode, but rather a socket,
Tn FIFO ,
or there is an error.
In this case the remainder of the line doesn't
correspond to the remaining headers \(em the format of the line
is described later under
Sx SOCKETS .
It Li MOUNT
If the
Fl n
flag wasn't specified, this header is present and is the
pathname that the file system the file resides in is mounted on.
It Li DEV
If the
Fl n
flag is specified, this header is present and is the
major/minor number of the device that this file resides in.
It Li INUM
The inode number of the file.
It Li MODE
The mode of the file.
If the
Fl n
flag isn't specified, the mode is printed
using a symbolic format (see
Xr strmode 3 ) ;
otherwise, the mode is printed
as an octal number.
It Li SZ\&|DV or OFFS
If the file is not a character or block special file, prints the size of
the file in bytes (or the offset if the
Fl O
is specified).
Otherwise, if the
Fl n
flag is not specified, prints
the name of the special file as located in
Pa /dev .
If that cannot be
located, or the
Fl n
flag is specified, prints the major/minor device
number that the special device refers to.
It Li R/W
This column describes the access mode that the file allows.
The letter
Dq r
indicates open for reading;
the letter
Dq w
indicates open for writing.
This field is useful when trying to find the processes that are
preventing a file system from being downgraded to read-only.
It Li NAME
If filename arguments are specified and the
Fl f
flag is not, then
this field is present and is the name associated with the given file.
Normally the name cannot be determined since there is no mapping
from an open file back to the directory entry that was used to open
that file.
Also, since different directory entries may reference
the same file (via
Xr ln 1 ) ,
the name printed may not be the actual
name that the process originally used to open that file.
El
Sh SOCKETS
The formatting of open sockets depends on the protocol domain.
In all cases the first field is the domain name and
the second field is the socket type (stream, dgram, etc.).
The remaining fields are protocol dependent.
For TCP, it is the address of the tcpcb, and for UDP, the inpcb (socket pcb).
For
Ux
domain sockets, its the address of the socket pcb and the name of the
file if available.
Otherwise the address of the connected pcb is printed (if connected).
For other domains, the protocol number and address of the socket itself
are printed.
The attempt is to make enough information available to
permit further analysis without duplicating
Xr netstat 1 .
Pp
For example, the addresses mentioned above are the addresses which the
Dq Li netstat -A
command would print for TCP, UDP, and
Ux
domain.
For kernels compiled with
Dv PIPE_SOCKETPAIR
pipes appear as connected
Ux
domain stream sockets.
A unidirectional
Ux
domain socket indicates the direction of flow with an arrow
Po
Dq <-
or
Dq ->
Pc ,
and a full duplex socket shows a double arrow
Pq Dq <-> .
Pp
For internet sockets
Nm
also attempts to print the internet address and port for the
local end of a connection.
If the socket is connected, it also prints the remote internet address
and port.
An asterisk
Pq Dq *
is used to indicate an INADDR_ANY binding.
Sh SEE ALSO
Xr netstat 1 ,
Xr nfsstat 1 ,
Xr ps 1 ,
Xr sockstat 1 ,
Xr systat 1 ,
Xr vmstat 1 ,
Xr fstat 2 ,
Xr iostat 8 ,
Xr pstat 8
Sh HISTORY
The
Nm
command appeared in
Bx 4.3 tahoe .
Sh BUGS
Since
Nm
takes a snapshot of the system, it is only correct for a very short period
of time.
Pp
Moreover, because DNS resolution and YP lookups cause many file
descriptor changes,
Nm
does not attempt to translate the internet address and port numbers into
symbolic names.
Pp
Note that the
Fl f
option will not list
Ux
domain sockets open in the file system, because the pathnames in the sockets
may not be absolute and are not deterministic.
To find all the
Ux
domain sockets, use
Nm
to list all the sockets, and look for the ones that maybe belong in the
file system.

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