/*      $NetBSD: ip_input.c,v 1.405 2025/06/17 04:23:57 ozaki-r Exp $   */

/*
* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
*    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
*    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
*    without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

/*
* Copyright (c) 1998 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
* by Public Access Networks Corporation ("Panix").  It was developed under
* contract to Panix by Eric Haszlakiewicz and Thor Lancelot Simon.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
*    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
* ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
* TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
* BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

/*
* Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1993
*      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
*    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
*    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
*    without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
*      @(#)ip_input.c  8.2 (Berkeley) 1/4/94
*/

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: ip_input.c,v 1.405 2025/06/17 04:23:57 ozaki-r Exp $");

#ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
#include "opt_inet.h"
#include "opt_gateway.h"
#include "opt_ipsec.h"
#include "opt_mrouting.h"
#include "opt_mbuftrace.h"
#include "opt_inet_csum.h"
#include "opt_net_mpsafe.h"
#endif

#include "arp.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/cpu.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/domain.h>
#include <sys/protosw.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/socketvar.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/pool.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/kauth.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/if_types.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/pktqueue.h>
#include <net/pfil.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
#include <netinet/in_proto.h>
#include <netinet/in_var.h>
#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
#include <netinet/ip_private.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
/* just for gif_ttl */
#include <netinet/in_gif.h>
#include "gif.h"
#include <net/if_gre.h>
#include "gre.h"

#ifdef MROUTING
#include <netinet/ip_mroute.h>
#endif
#include <netinet/portalgo.h>

#ifdef IPSEC
#include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
#endif

#ifndef IPFORWARDING
#ifdef GATEWAY
#define IPFORWARDING    1       /* forward IP packets not for us */
#else
#define IPFORWARDING    0       /* don't forward IP packets not for us */
#endif
#endif

#define IPMTUDISCTIMEOUT (10 * 60)      /* as per RFC 1191 */

int ipforwarding = IPFORWARDING;
int ipsendredirects = 1;
int ip_defttl = IPDEFTTL;
int ip_forwsrcrt = 0;
int ip_directedbcast = 0;
int ip_allowsrcrt = 0;
int ip_mtudisc = 1;
int ip_mtudisc_timeout = IPMTUDISCTIMEOUT;
int ip_do_randomid = 1;

/*
* XXX - Setting ip_checkinterface mostly implements the receive side of
* the Strong ES model described in RFC 1122, but since the routing table
* and transmit implementation do not implement the Strong ES model,
* setting this to 1 results in an odd hybrid.
*
* XXX - ip_checkinterface currently must be disabled if you use NAT
* to translate the destination address to another local interface.
*
* XXX - ip_checkinterface must be disabled if you add IP aliases
* to the loopback interface instead of the interface where the
* packets for those addresses are received.
*/
static int              ip_checkinterface       __read_mostly = 0;

struct rttimer_queue *ip_mtudisc_timeout_q = NULL;

pktqueue_t *            ip_pktq                 __read_mostly;
pfil_head_t *           inet_pfil_hook          __read_mostly;
percpu_t *              ipstat_percpu           __read_mostly;

static percpu_t         *ipforward_rt_percpu    __cacheline_aligned;

uint16_t ip_id;

#ifdef INET_CSUM_COUNTERS
#include <sys/device.h>

struct evcnt ip_hwcsum_bad = EVCNT_INITIALIZER(EVCNT_TYPE_MISC,
   NULL, "inet", "hwcsum bad");
struct evcnt ip_hwcsum_ok = EVCNT_INITIALIZER(EVCNT_TYPE_MISC,
   NULL, "inet", "hwcsum ok");
struct evcnt ip_swcsum = EVCNT_INITIALIZER(EVCNT_TYPE_MISC,
   NULL, "inet", "swcsum");

#define INET_CSUM_COUNTER_INCR(ev)      (ev)->ev_count++

EVCNT_ATTACH_STATIC(ip_hwcsum_bad);
EVCNT_ATTACH_STATIC(ip_hwcsum_ok);
EVCNT_ATTACH_STATIC(ip_swcsum);

#else

#define INET_CSUM_COUNTER_INCR(ev)      /* nothing */

#endif /* INET_CSUM_COUNTERS */

/*
* Used to save the IP options in case a protocol wants to respond
* to an incoming packet over the same route if the packet got here
* using IP source routing.  This allows connection establishment and
* maintenance when the remote end is on a network that is not known
* to us.
*/
struct ip_srcrt {
       int             isr_nhops;                 /* number of hops */
       struct in_addr  isr_dst;                   /* final destination */
       char            isr_nop;                   /* one NOP to align */
       char            isr_hdr[IPOPT_OFFSET + 1]; /* OPTVAL, OLEN & OFFSET */
       struct in_addr  isr_routes[MAX_IPOPTLEN/sizeof(struct in_addr)];
};

static int ip_drainwanted;

static void save_rte(struct mbuf *, u_char *, struct in_addr);

#ifdef MBUFTRACE
struct mowner ip_rx_mowner = MOWNER_INIT("internet", "rx");
struct mowner ip_tx_mowner = MOWNER_INIT("internet", "tx");
#endif

static void             ipintr(void *);
static void             ip_input(struct mbuf *, struct ifnet *);
static void             ip_forward(struct mbuf *, int, struct ifnet *);
static bool             ip_dooptions(struct mbuf *);
static struct in_ifaddr *ip_rtaddr(struct in_addr, struct psref *);
static void             sysctl_net_inet_ip_setup(struct sysctllog **);

static struct in_ifaddr *ip_match_our_address(struct ifnet *, struct ip *,
                           int *);
static struct in_ifaddr *ip_match_our_address_broadcast(struct ifnet *,
                           struct ip *);

#ifdef NET_MPSAFE
#define SOFTNET_LOCK()          mutex_enter(softnet_lock)
#define SOFTNET_UNLOCK()        mutex_exit(softnet_lock)
#else
#define SOFTNET_LOCK()          KASSERT(mutex_owned(softnet_lock))
#define SOFTNET_UNLOCK()        KASSERT(mutex_owned(softnet_lock))
#endif

/*
* IP initialization: fill in IP protocol switch table.
* All protocols not implemented in kernel go to raw IP protocol handler.
*/
void
ip_init(void)
{
       const struct protosw *pr;

       ip_pktq = pktq_create(IFQ_MAXLEN, ipintr, NULL);
       KASSERT(ip_pktq != NULL);

       in_init();
       sysctl_net_inet_ip_setup(NULL);

       pr = pffindproto(PF_INET, IPPROTO_RAW, SOCK_RAW);
       KASSERT(pr != NULL);

       for (u_int i = 0; i < IPPROTO_MAX; i++) {
               ip_protox[i] = pr - inetsw;
       }
       for (pr = inetdomain.dom_protosw;
           pr < inetdomain.dom_protoswNPROTOSW; pr++)
               if (pr->pr_domain->dom_family == PF_INET &&
                   pr->pr_protocol && pr->pr_protocol != IPPROTO_RAW)
                       ip_protox[pr->pr_protocol] = pr - inetsw;

       ip_reass_init();

       ip_id = time_uptime & 0xfffff;

#ifdef GATEWAY
       ipflow_init();
#endif

       /* Register our Packet Filter hook. */
       inet_pfil_hook = pfil_head_create(PFIL_TYPE_AF, (void *)AF_INET);
       KASSERT(inet_pfil_hook != NULL);

#ifdef MBUFTRACE
       MOWNER_ATTACH(&ip_tx_mowner);
       MOWNER_ATTACH(&ip_rx_mowner);
#endif

       ipstat_percpu = percpu_alloc(sizeof(uint64_t) * IP_NSTATS);
       ipforward_rt_percpu = rtcache_percpu_alloc();
       ip_mtudisc_timeout_q = rt_timer_queue_create(ip_mtudisc_timeout);
}

static struct in_ifaddr *
ip_match_our_address(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ip *ip, int *downmatch)
{
       struct in_ifaddr *ia = NULL;
       int checkif;

       /*
        * Enable a consistency check between the destination address
        * and the arrival interface for a unicast packet (the RFC 1122
        * strong ES model) if IP forwarding is disabled and the packet
        * is not locally generated.
        *
        * XXX - We need to add a per ifaddr flag for this so that
        * we get finer grain control.
        */
       checkif = ip_checkinterface && (ipforwarding == 0) &&
           (ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) == 0;

       IN_ADDRHASH_READER_FOREACH(ia, ip->ip_dst.s_addr) {
               if (in_hosteq(ia->ia_addr.sin_addr, ip->ip_dst)) {
                       if (ia->ia4_flags & IN_IFF_NOTREADY)
                               continue;
                       if (checkif && ia->ia_ifp != ifp)
                               continue;
                       if ((ia->ia_ifp->if_flags & IFF_UP) == 0) {
                               (*downmatch)++;
                               continue;
                       }
                       if (ia->ia4_flags & IN_IFF_DETACHED &&
                           (ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) == 0)
                               continue;
                       break;
               }
       }

       return ia;
}

static struct in_ifaddr *
ip_match_our_address_broadcast(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ip *ip)
{
       struct in_ifaddr *ia = NULL;
       struct ifaddr *ifa;

       IFADDR_READER_FOREACH(ifa, ifp) {
               if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
                       continue;
               ia = ifatoia(ifa);
               if (ia->ia4_flags & IN_IFF_NOTREADY)
                       continue;
               if (ia->ia4_flags & IN_IFF_DETACHED &&
                   (ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) == 0)
                       continue;
               if (in_hosteq(ip->ip_dst, ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_addr) ||
                   in_hosteq(ip->ip_dst, ia->ia_netbroadcast) ||
                   /*
                    * Look for all-0's host part (old broadcast addr),
                    * either for subnet or net.
                    */
                   ip->ip_dst.s_addr == ia->ia_subnet ||
                   ip->ip_dst.s_addr == ia->ia_net)
                       goto matched;
               /*
                * An interface with IP address zero accepts
                * all packets that arrive on that interface.
                */
               if (in_nullhost(ia->ia_addr.sin_addr))
                       goto matched;
       }
       ia = NULL;

matched:
       return ia;
}

/*
* IP software interrupt routine.
*/
static void
ipintr(void *arg __unused)
{
       struct mbuf *m;

       KASSERT(cpu_softintr_p());

       SOFTNET_KERNEL_LOCK_UNLESS_NET_MPSAFE();
       while ((m = pktq_dequeue(ip_pktq)) != NULL) {
               struct ifnet *ifp;
               struct psref psref;

               ifp = m_get_rcvif_psref(m, &psref);
               if (__predict_false(ifp == NULL)) {
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_IFDROP);
                       m_freem(m);
                       continue;
               }

               ip_input(m, ifp);

               m_put_rcvif_psref(ifp, &psref);
       }
       SOFTNET_KERNEL_UNLOCK_UNLESS_NET_MPSAFE();
}

/*
* IP input routine.  Checksum and byte swap header.  If fragmented
* try to reassemble.  Process options.  Pass to next level.
*/
static void
ip_input(struct mbuf *m, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
       struct ip *ip = NULL;
       struct in_ifaddr *ia = NULL;
       int hlen = 0, len;
       int downmatch;
       int srcrt = 0;
       int s;

       KASSERTMSG(cpu_softintr_p(), "ip_input: not in the software "
           "interrupt handler; synchronization assumptions violated");

       MCLAIM(m, &ip_rx_mowner);
       KASSERT((m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) != 0);

       /*
        * If no IP addresses have been set yet but the interfaces
        * are receiving, can't do anything with incoming packets yet.
        * Note: we pre-check without locks held.
        */
       if (IN_ADDRLIST_READER_EMPTY()) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_IFDROP);
               goto out;
       }

       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_TOTAL);

       /*
        * If the IP header is not aligned, slurp it up into a new
        * mbuf with space for link headers, in the event we forward
        * it.  Otherwise, if it is aligned, make sure the entire
        * base IP header is in the first mbuf of the chain.
        */
       if (M_GET_ALIGNED_HDR(&m, struct ip, true) != 0) {
               /* XXXJRT new stat, please */
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_TOOSMALL);
               goto out;
       }
       ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
       if (ip->ip_v != IPVERSION) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADVERS);
               goto out;
       }
       hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
       if (hlen < sizeof(struct ip)) { /* minimum header length */
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADHLEN);
               goto out;
       }
       if (hlen > m->m_len) {
               if ((m = m_pullup(m, hlen)) == NULL) {
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADHLEN);
                       goto out;
               }
               ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
       }

       /*
        * RFC1122: packets with a multicast source address are
        * not allowed.
        */
       if (IN_MULTICAST(ip->ip_src.s_addr)) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADADDR);
               goto out;
       }

       /* 127/8 must not appear on wire - RFC1122 */
       if ((ntohl(ip->ip_dst.s_addr) >> IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT) == IN_LOOPBACKNET ||
           (ntohl(ip->ip_src.s_addr) >> IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT) == IN_LOOPBACKNET) {
               if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) == 0) {
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADADDR);
                       goto out;
               }
       }

       switch (m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags &
               ((ifp->if_csum_flags_rx & M_CSUM_IPv4) | M_CSUM_IPv4_BAD)) {
       case M_CSUM_IPv4|M_CSUM_IPv4_BAD:
               INET_CSUM_COUNTER_INCR(&ip_hwcsum_bad);
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADSUM);
               goto out;

       case M_CSUM_IPv4:
               /* Checksum was okay. */
               INET_CSUM_COUNTER_INCR(&ip_hwcsum_ok);
               break;

       default:
               /*
                * Must compute it ourselves.  Maybe skip checksum on
                * loopback interfaces.
                */
               if (__predict_true(!(ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) ||
                   ip_do_loopback_cksum)) {
                       INET_CSUM_COUNTER_INCR(&ip_swcsum);
                       if (in_cksum(m, hlen) != 0) {
                               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADSUM);
                               goto out;
                       }
               }
               break;
       }

       /* Retrieve the packet length. */
       len = ntohs(ip->ip_len);

       /*
        * Check for additional length bogosity
        */
       if (len < hlen) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADLEN);
               goto out;
       }

       /*
        * Check that the amount of data in the buffers is at least as much
        * as the IP header would have us expect. Trim mbufs if longer than
        * we expect. Drop packet if shorter than we expect.
        */
       if (m->m_pkthdr.len < len) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_TOOSHORT);
               goto out;
       }
       if (m->m_pkthdr.len > len) {
               if (m->m_len == m->m_pkthdr.len) {
                       m->m_len = len;
                       m->m_pkthdr.len = len;
               } else
                       m_adj(m, len - m->m_pkthdr.len);
       }

       /*
        * Assume that we can create a fast-forward IP flow entry
        * based on this packet.
        */
       m->m_flags |= M_CANFASTFWD;

       /*
        * Run through list of hooks for input packets.  If there are any
        * filters which require that additional packets in the flow are
        * not fast-forwarded, they must clear the M_CANFASTFWD flag.
        * Note that filters must _never_ set this flag, as another filter
        * in the list may have previously cleared it.
        *
        * Don't call hooks if the packet has already been processed by
        * IPsec (encapsulated, tunnel mode).
        */
#if defined(IPSEC)
       if (!ipsec_used || !ipsec_skip_pfil(m))
#else
       if (1)
#endif
       {
               struct in_addr odst = ip->ip_dst;
               bool freed;

               freed = pfil_run_hooks(inet_pfil_hook, &m, ifp, PFIL_IN) != 0;
               if (freed || m == NULL) {
                       m = NULL;
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_PFILDROP_IN);
                       goto out;
               }
               if (__predict_false(m->m_len < sizeof(struct ip))) {
                       if ((m = m_pullup(m, sizeof(struct ip))) == NULL) {
                               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_TOOSMALL);
                               goto out;
                       }
               }
               ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
               hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
               if (hlen < sizeof(struct ip)) { /* minimum header length */
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADHLEN);
                       goto out;
               }
               if (hlen > m->m_len) {
                       if ((m = m_pullup(m, hlen)) == NULL) {
                               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADHLEN);
                               goto out;
                       }
                       ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
               }

               /*
                * XXX The setting of "srcrt" here is to prevent ip_forward()
                * from generating ICMP redirects for packets that have
                * been redirected by a hook back out on to the same LAN that
                * they came from and is not an indication that the packet
                * is being influenced by source routing options.  This
                * allows things like
                * "rdr tlp0 0/0 port 80 -> 1.1.1.200 3128 tcp"
                * where tlp0 is both on the 1.1.1.0/24 network and is the
                * default route for hosts on 1.1.1.0/24.  Of course this
                * also requires a "map tlp0 ..." to complete the story.
                * One might argue whether or not this kind of network config.
                * should be supported in this manner...
                */
               srcrt = (odst.s_addr != ip->ip_dst.s_addr);
       }

#ifdef ALTQ
       /* XXX Temporary until ALTQ is changed to use a pfil hook */
       if (altq_input) {
               SOFTNET_LOCK();
               if ((*altq_input)(m, AF_INET) == 0) {
                       /* Packet dropped by traffic conditioner. */
                       SOFTNET_UNLOCK();
                       m = NULL;
                       goto out;
               }
               SOFTNET_UNLOCK();
       }
#endif

       /*
        * Process options and, if not destined for us,
        * ship it on.  ip_dooptions returns 1 when an
        * error was detected (causing an icmp message
        * to be sent and the original packet to be freed).
        */
       if (hlen > sizeof(struct ip) && ip_dooptions(m)) {
               m = NULL;
               goto out;
       }

       /*
        * Check our list of addresses, to see if the packet is for us.
        *
        * Traditional 4.4BSD did not consult IFF_UP at all.
        * The behavior here is to treat addresses on !IFF_UP interface
        * or IN_IFF_NOTREADY addresses as not mine.
        */
       downmatch = 0;
       s = pserialize_read_enter();
       ia = ip_match_our_address(ifp, ip, &downmatch);
       if (ia != NULL) {
               pserialize_read_exit(s);
               goto ours;
       }

       if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) {
               ia = ip_match_our_address_broadcast(ifp, ip);
               if (ia != NULL) {
                       pserialize_read_exit(s);
                       goto ours;
               }
       }
       pserialize_read_exit(s);

       if (IN_MULTICAST(ip->ip_dst.s_addr)) {
#ifdef MROUTING
               extern struct socket *ip_mrouter;

               if (ip_mrouter) {
                       /*
                        * If we are acting as a multicast router, all
                        * incoming multicast packets are passed to the
                        * kernel-level multicast forwarding function.
                        * The packet is returned (relatively) intact; if
                        * ip_mforward() returns a non-zero value, the packet
                        * must be discarded, else it may be accepted below.
                        *
                        * (The IP ident field is put in the same byte order
                        * as expected when ip_mforward() is called from
                        * ip_output().)
                        */
                       SOFTNET_LOCK();
                       if (ip_mforward(m, ifp) != 0) {
                               SOFTNET_UNLOCK();
                               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD);
                               goto out;
                       }
                       SOFTNET_UNLOCK();

                       /*
                        * The process-level routing demon needs to receive
                        * all multicast IGMP packets, whether or not this
                        * host belongs to their destination groups.
                        */
                       if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_IGMP) {
                               goto ours;
                       }
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD);
               }
#endif
               /*
                * See if we belong to the destination multicast group on the
                * arrival interface.
                */
               if (!in_multi_group(ip->ip_dst, ifp, 0)) {
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD);
                       goto out;
               }
               goto ours;
       }
       if (ip->ip_dst.s_addr == INADDR_BROADCAST ||
           in_nullhost(ip->ip_dst))
               goto ours;

       /*
        * Not for us; forward if possible and desirable.
        */
       if (ipforwarding == 0) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD);
               m_freem(m);
       } else {
               /*
                * If ip_dst matched any of my address on !IFF_UP interface,
                * and there's no IFF_UP interface that matches ip_dst,
                * send icmp unreach.  Forwarding it will result in in-kernel
                * forwarding loop till TTL goes to 0.
                */
               if (downmatch) {
                       icmp_error(m, ICMP_UNREACH, ICMP_UNREACH_HOST, 0, 0);
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD);
                       return;
               }
#ifdef IPSEC
               /* Check the security policy (SP) for the packet */
               if (ipsec_used) {
                       if (ipsec_ip_input_checkpolicy(m, true) != 0) {
                               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_IPSECDROP_IN);
                               goto out;
                       }
               }
#endif
               ip_forward(m, srcrt, ifp);
       }
       return;

ours:
       /*
        * If offset or IP_MF are set, must reassemble.
        */
       if (ip->ip_off & ~htons(IP_DF|IP_RF)) {
               /*
                * Pass to IP reassembly mechanism.
                */
               if (ip_reass_packet(&m) != 0) {
                       /* Failed; invalid fragment(s) or packet. */
                       goto out;
               }
               if (m == NULL) {
                       /* More fragments should come; silently return. */
                       goto out;
               }
               /*
                * Reassembly is done, we have the final packet.
                * Update cached data in local variable(s).
                */
               ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
               hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
       }

       M_VERIFY_PACKET(m);

#ifdef IPSEC
       /*
        * Enforce IPsec policy checking if we are seeing last header.
        * Note that we do not visit this with protocols with PCB layer
        * code - like UDP/TCP/raw IP.
        */
       if (ipsec_used &&
           (inetsw[ip_protox[ip->ip_p]].pr_flags & PR_LASTHDR) != 0) {
               if (ipsec_ip_input_checkpolicy(m, false) != 0) {
                       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_IPSECDROP_IN);
                       goto out;
               }
       }
#endif

       /*
        * Switch out to protocol's input routine.
        */
#if IFA_STATS
       if (ia) {
               struct in_ifaddr *_ia;
               /*
                * Keep a reference from ip_match_our_address with psref
                * is expensive, so explore ia here again.
                */
               s = pserialize_read_enter();
               _ia = in_get_ia(ip->ip_dst);
               _ia->ia_ifa.ifa_data.ifad_inbytes += ntohs(ip->ip_len);
               pserialize_read_exit(s);
       }
#endif
       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_DELIVERED);

       const int off = hlen, nh = ip->ip_p;

       (*inetsw[ip_protox[nh]].pr_input)(m, off, nh);
       return;

out:
       m_freem(m);
}

/*
* IP timer processing.
*/
void
ip_slowtimo(void)
{

       SOFTNET_KERNEL_LOCK_UNLESS_NET_MPSAFE();

       ip_reass_slowtimo();

       SOFTNET_KERNEL_UNLOCK_UNLESS_NET_MPSAFE();
}

/*
* IP drain processing.
*/
void
ip_drain(void)
{

       KERNEL_LOCK(1, NULL);
       ip_reass_drain();
       KERNEL_UNLOCK_ONE(NULL);
}

/*
* ip_dooptions: perform option processing on a datagram, possibly discarding
* it if bad options are encountered, or forwarding it if source-routed.
*
* => Returns true if packet has been forwarded/freed.
* => Returns false if the packet should be processed further.
*/
static bool
ip_dooptions(struct mbuf *m)
{
       struct ip *ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
       u_char *cp, *cp0;
       struct ip_timestamp *ipt;
       struct in_ifaddr *ia;
       int opt, optlen, cnt, off, code, type = ICMP_PARAMPROB, forward = 0;
       int srr_present, rr_present, ts_present;
       struct in_addr dst;
       n_time ntime;
       struct ifaddr *ifa = NULL;
       int s;

       srr_present = 0;
       rr_present = 0;
       ts_present = 0;

       dst = ip->ip_dst;
       cp = (u_char *)(ip + 1);
       cnt = (ip->ip_hl << 2) - sizeof(struct ip);
       for (; cnt > 0; cnt -= optlen, cp += optlen) {
               opt = cp[IPOPT_OPTVAL];
               if (opt == IPOPT_EOL)
                       break;
               if (opt == IPOPT_NOP)
                       optlen = 1;
               else {
                       if (cnt < IPOPT_OLEN + sizeof(*cp)) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       optlen = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];
                       if (optlen < IPOPT_OLEN + sizeof(*cp) || optlen > cnt) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
               }
               switch (opt) {

               default:
                       break;

               /*
                * Source routing with record.
                * Find interface with current destination address.
                * If none on this machine then drop if strictly routed,
                * or do nothing if loosely routed.
                * Record interface address and bring up next address
                * component.  If strictly routed make sure next
                * address is on directly accessible net.
                */
               case IPOPT_LSRR:
               case IPOPT_SSRR: {
                       struct psref psref;
                       struct sockaddr_in ipaddr = {
                           .sin_len = sizeof(ipaddr),
                           .sin_family = AF_INET,
                       };

                       if (ip_allowsrcrt == 0) {
                               type = ICMP_UNREACH;
                               code = ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       if (srr_present++) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OPTVAL] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       if (optlen < IPOPT_OFFSET + sizeof(*cp)) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       if ((off = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET]) < IPOPT_MINOFF) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OFFSET] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       ipaddr.sin_addr = ip->ip_dst;

                       s = pserialize_read_enter();
                       ifa = ifa_ifwithaddr(sintosa(&ipaddr));
                       if (ifa == NULL) {
                               pserialize_read_exit(s);
                               if (opt == IPOPT_SSRR) {
                                       type = ICMP_UNREACH;
                                       code = ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL;
                                       goto bad;
                               }
                               /*
                                * Loose routing, and not at next destination
                                * yet; nothing to do except forward.
                                */
                               break;
                       }
                       pserialize_read_exit(s);

                       off--;                  /* 0 origin */
                       if ((off + sizeof(struct in_addr)) > optlen) {
                               /*
                                * End of source route.  Should be for us.
                                */
                               save_rte(m, cp, ip->ip_src);
                               break;
                       }
                       /*
                        * locate outgoing interface
                        */
                       memcpy((void *)&ipaddr.sin_addr, (void *)(cp + off),
                           sizeof(ipaddr.sin_addr));
                       if (opt == IPOPT_SSRR) {
                               ifa = ifa_ifwithladdr_psref(sintosa(&ipaddr),
                                   &psref);
                               if (ifa != NULL)
                                       ia = ifatoia(ifa);
                               else
                                       ia = NULL;
                       } else {
                               ia = ip_rtaddr(ipaddr.sin_addr, &psref);
                       }
                       if (ia == NULL) {
                               type = ICMP_UNREACH;
                               code = ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       ip->ip_dst = ipaddr.sin_addr;
                       memcpy(cp + off, &ia->ia_addr.sin_addr,
                           sizeof(struct in_addr));
                       ia4_release(ia, &psref);
                       cp[IPOPT_OFFSET] += sizeof(struct in_addr);
                       /*
                        * Let ip_intr's mcast routing check handle mcast pkts
                        */
                       forward = !IN_MULTICAST(ip->ip_dst.s_addr);
                       break;
                   }

               case IPOPT_RR: {
                       struct psref psref;
                       struct sockaddr_in ipaddr = {
                           .sin_len = sizeof(ipaddr),
                           .sin_family = AF_INET,
                       };

                       if (rr_present++) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OPTVAL] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       if (optlen < IPOPT_OFFSET + sizeof(*cp)) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       if ((off = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET]) < IPOPT_MINOFF) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OFFSET] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       /*
                        * If no space remains, ignore.
                        */
                       off--;                  /* 0 origin */
                       if ((off + sizeof(struct in_addr)) > optlen)
                               break;
                       memcpy((void *)&ipaddr.sin_addr, (void *)&ip->ip_dst,
                           sizeof(ipaddr.sin_addr));
                       /*
                        * locate outgoing interface; if we're the destination,
                        * use the incoming interface (should be same).
                        */
                       ifa = ifa_ifwithaddr_psref(sintosa(&ipaddr), &psref);
                       if (ifa == NULL) {
                               ia = ip_rtaddr(ipaddr.sin_addr, &psref);
                               if (ia == NULL) {
                                       type = ICMP_UNREACH;
                                       code = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
                                       goto bad;
                               }
                       } else {
                               ia = ifatoia(ifa);
                       }
                       memcpy(cp + off, &ia->ia_addr.sin_addr,
                           sizeof(struct in_addr));
                       ia4_release(ia, &psref);
                       cp[IPOPT_OFFSET] += sizeof(struct in_addr);
                       break;
                   }

               case IPOPT_TS:
                       code = cp - (u_char *)ip;
                       ipt = (struct ip_timestamp *)cp;
                       if (ts_present++) {
                               code = &cp[IPOPT_OPTVAL] - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       if (ipt->ipt_len < 4 || ipt->ipt_len > 40) {
                               code = (u_char *)&ipt->ipt_len - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       if (ipt->ipt_ptr < 5) {
                               code = (u_char *)&ipt->ipt_ptr - (u_char *)ip;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       if (ipt->ipt_ptr > ipt->ipt_len - sizeof(int32_t)) {
                               if (++ipt->ipt_oflw == 0) {
                                       code = (u_char *)&ipt->ipt_ptr -
                                           (u_char *)ip;
                                       goto bad;
                               }
                               break;
                       }
                       cp0 = (cp + ipt->ipt_ptr - 1);
                       switch (ipt->ipt_flg) {

                       case IPOPT_TS_TSONLY:
                               break;

                       case IPOPT_TS_TSANDADDR: {
                               struct ifnet *rcvif;
                               int _s, _ss;
                               struct sockaddr_in ipaddr = {
                                   .sin_len = sizeof(ipaddr),
                                   .sin_family = AF_INET,
                               };

                               if (ipt->ipt_ptr - 1 + sizeof(n_time) +
                                   sizeof(struct in_addr) > ipt->ipt_len) {
                                       code = (u_char *)&ipt->ipt_ptr -
                                           (u_char *)ip;
                                       goto bad;
                               }
                               ipaddr.sin_addr = dst;
                               _ss = pserialize_read_enter();
                               rcvif = m_get_rcvif(m, &_s);
                               if (__predict_true(rcvif != NULL)) {
                                       ifa = ifaof_ifpforaddr(sintosa(&ipaddr),
                                           rcvif);
                               }
                               m_put_rcvif(rcvif, &_s);
                               if (ifa == NULL) {
                                       pserialize_read_exit(_ss);
                                       break;
                               }
                               ia = ifatoia(ifa);
                               memcpy(cp0, &ia->ia_addr.sin_addr,
                                   sizeof(struct in_addr));
                               pserialize_read_exit(_ss);
                               ipt->ipt_ptr += sizeof(struct in_addr);
                               break;
                       }

                       case IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC: {
                               struct sockaddr_in ipaddr = {
                                   .sin_len = sizeof(ipaddr),
                                   .sin_family = AF_INET,
                               };

                               if (ipt->ipt_ptr - 1 + sizeof(n_time) +
                                   sizeof(struct in_addr) > ipt->ipt_len) {
                                       code = (u_char *)&ipt->ipt_ptr -
                                           (u_char *)ip;
                                       goto bad;
                               }
                               memcpy(&ipaddr.sin_addr, cp0,
                                   sizeof(struct in_addr));
                               s = pserialize_read_enter();
                               ifa = ifa_ifwithaddr(sintosa(&ipaddr));
                               if (ifa == NULL) {
                                       pserialize_read_exit(s);
                                       continue;
                               }
                               pserialize_read_exit(s);
                               ipt->ipt_ptr += sizeof(struct in_addr);
                               break;
                           }

                       default:
                               /* XXX can't take &ipt->ipt_flg */
                               code = (u_char *)&ipt->ipt_ptr -
                                   (u_char *)ip + 1;
                               goto bad;
                       }
                       ntime = iptime();
                       cp0 = (u_char *) &ntime; /* XXX grumble, GCC... */
                       memmove((char *)cp + ipt->ipt_ptr - 1, cp0,
                           sizeof(n_time));
                       ipt->ipt_ptr += sizeof(n_time);
               }
       }
       if (forward) {
               struct ifnet *rcvif;
               struct psref _psref;

               if (ip_forwsrcrt == 0) {
                       type = ICMP_UNREACH;
                       code = ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL;
                       goto bad;
               }

               rcvif = m_get_rcvif_psref(m, &_psref);
               if (__predict_false(rcvif == NULL)) {
                       type = ICMP_UNREACH;
                       code = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
                       goto bad;
               }
               ip_forward(m, 1, rcvif);
               m_put_rcvif_psref(rcvif, &_psref);
               return true;
       }
       return false;
bad:
       icmp_error(m, type, code, 0, 0);
       IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_BADOPTIONS);
       return true;
}

/*
* ip_rtaddr: given address of next destination (final or next hop),
* return internet address info of interface to be used to get there.
*/
static struct in_ifaddr *
ip_rtaddr(struct in_addr dst, struct psref *psref)
{
       struct rtentry *rt;
       union {
               struct sockaddr         dst;
               struct sockaddr_in      dst4;
       } u;
       struct route *ro;

       sockaddr_in_init(&u.dst4, &dst, 0);

       ro = rtcache_percpu_getref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
       rt = rtcache_lookup(ro, &u.dst);
       if (rt == NULL) {
               rtcache_percpu_putref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
               return NULL;
       }

       ia4_acquire(ifatoia(rt->rt_ifa), psref);
       rtcache_unref(rt, ro);
       rtcache_percpu_putref(ipforward_rt_percpu);

       return ifatoia(rt->rt_ifa);
}

/*
* save_rte: save incoming source route for use in replies, to be picked
* up later by ip_srcroute if the receiver is interested.
*/
static void
save_rte(struct mbuf *m, u_char *option, struct in_addr dst)
{
       struct ip_srcrt *isr;
       struct m_tag *mtag;
       unsigned olen;

       olen = option[IPOPT_OLEN];
       if (olen > sizeof(isr->isr_hdr) + sizeof(isr->isr_routes))
               return;

       mtag = m_tag_get(PACKET_TAG_SRCROUTE, sizeof(*isr), M_NOWAIT);
       if (mtag == NULL)
               return;
       isr = (struct ip_srcrt *)(mtag + 1);

       memcpy(isr->isr_hdr, option, olen);
       isr->isr_nhops = (olen - IPOPT_OFFSET - 1) / sizeof(struct in_addr);
       isr->isr_dst = dst;
       m_tag_prepend(m, mtag);
}

/*
* Retrieve incoming source route for use in replies,
* in the same form used by setsockopt.
* The first hop is placed before the options, will be removed later.
*/
struct mbuf *
ip_srcroute(struct mbuf *m0)
{
       struct in_addr *p, *q;
       struct mbuf *m;
       struct ip_srcrt *isr;
       struct m_tag *mtag;

       mtag = m_tag_find(m0, PACKET_TAG_SRCROUTE);
       if (mtag == NULL)
               return NULL;
       isr = (struct ip_srcrt *)(mtag + 1);

       if (isr->isr_nhops == 0)
               return NULL;

       m = m_get(M_DONTWAIT, MT_SOOPTS);
       if (m == NULL)
               return NULL;

       MCLAIM(m, &inetdomain.dom_mowner);
#define OPTSIZ  (sizeof(isr->isr_nop) + sizeof(isr->isr_hdr))

       /* length is (nhops+1)*sizeof(addr) + sizeof(nop + header) */
       m->m_len = (isr->isr_nhops + 1) * sizeof(struct in_addr) + OPTSIZ;

       /*
        * First save first hop for return route
        */
       p = &(isr->isr_routes[isr->isr_nhops - 1]);
       *(mtod(m, struct in_addr *)) = *p--;

       /*
        * Copy option fields and padding (nop) to mbuf.
        */
       isr->isr_nop = IPOPT_NOP;
       isr->isr_hdr[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
       memmove(mtod(m, char *) + sizeof(struct in_addr), &isr->isr_nop,
           OPTSIZ);
       q = (struct in_addr *)(mtod(m, char *) +
           sizeof(struct in_addr) + OPTSIZ);
#undef OPTSIZ
       /*
        * Record return path as an IP source route,
        * reversing the path (pointers are now aligned).
        */
       while (p >= isr->isr_routes) {
               *q++ = *p--;
       }
       /*
        * Last hop goes to final destination.
        */
       *q = isr->isr_dst;
       m_tag_delete(m0, mtag);
       return m;
}

const int inetctlerrmap[PRC_NCMDS] = {
       [PRC_MSGSIZE] = EMSGSIZE,
       [PRC_HOSTDEAD] = EHOSTDOWN,
       [PRC_HOSTUNREACH] = EHOSTUNREACH,
       [PRC_UNREACH_NET] = EHOSTUNREACH,
       [PRC_UNREACH_HOST] = EHOSTUNREACH,
       [PRC_UNREACH_PROTOCOL] = ECONNREFUSED,
       [PRC_UNREACH_PORT] = ECONNREFUSED,
       [PRC_UNREACH_SRCFAIL] = EHOSTUNREACH,
       [PRC_PARAMPROB] = ENOPROTOOPT,
};

void
ip_fasttimo(void)
{
       if (ip_drainwanted) {
               ip_drain();
               ip_drainwanted = 0;
       }
}

void
ip_drainstub(void)
{
       ip_drainwanted = 1;
}

/*
* Forward a packet.  If some error occurs return the sender
* an icmp packet.  Note we can't always generate a meaningful
* icmp message because icmp doesn't have a large enough repertoire
* of codes and types.
*
* If not forwarding, just drop the packet.  This could be confusing
* if ipforwarding was zero but some routing protocol was advancing
* us as a gateway to somewhere.  However, we must let the routing
* protocol deal with that.
*
* The srcrt parameter indicates whether the packet is being forwarded
* via a source route.
*/
static void
ip_forward(struct mbuf *m, int srcrt, struct ifnet *rcvif)
{
       struct ip *ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
       struct rtentry *rt;
       int error, type = 0, code = 0, destmtu = 0;
       struct mbuf *mcopy;
       n_long dest;
       union {
               struct sockaddr         dst;
               struct sockaddr_in      dst4;
       } u;
       net_stat_ref_t ips;
       struct route *ro;

       KASSERTMSG(cpu_softintr_p(), "ip_forward: not in the software "
           "interrupt handler; synchronization assumptions violated");

       /*
        * We are now in the output path.
        */
       MCLAIM(m, &ip_tx_mowner);

       /*
        * Clear any in-bound checksum flags for this packet.
        */
       m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = 0;

       dest = 0;
       if (m->m_flags & (M_BCAST|M_MCAST) || in_canforward(ip->ip_dst) == 0) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD);
               m_freem(m);
               return;
       }

       if (ip->ip_ttl <= IPTTLDEC) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_TIMXCEED);
               icmp_error(m, ICMP_TIMXCEED, ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS, dest, 0);
               return;
       }

       sockaddr_in_init(&u.dst4, &ip->ip_dst, 0);

       ro = rtcache_percpu_getref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
       rt = rtcache_lookup(ro, &u.dst);
       if (rt == NULL) {
               rtcache_percpu_putref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_NOROUTE);
               icmp_error(m, ICMP_UNREACH, ICMP_UNREACH_NET, dest, 0);
               return;
       }
#ifdef NET_MPSAFE
       /*
        * XXX workaround an inconsistency issue between address and route on
        * address initialization to avoid packet looping.  See doc/TODO.smpnet.
        */
       if (__predict_false(rt->rt_ifp->if_type == IFT_LOOP)) {
               rtcache_unref(rt, ro);
               rtcache_percpu_putref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
               icmp_error(m, ICMP_UNREACH, ICMP_UNREACH_HOST, 0, 0);
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD);
               return;
       }
#endif

       /*
        * Save at most 68 bytes of the packet in case
        * we need to generate an ICMP message to the src.
        * Pullup to avoid sharing mbuf cluster between m and mcopy.
        */
       mcopy = m_copym(m, 0, imin(ntohs(ip->ip_len), 68), M_DONTWAIT);
       if (mcopy)
               mcopy = m_pullup(mcopy, ip->ip_hl << 2);

       ip->ip_ttl -= IPTTLDEC;

       /*
        * If forwarding packet using same interface that it came in on,
        * perhaps should send a redirect to sender to shortcut a hop.
        * Only send redirect if source is sending directly to us,
        * and if packet was not source routed (or has any options).
        * Also, don't send redirect if forwarding using a default route
        * or a route modified by a redirect.
        */
       if (rt->rt_ifp == rcvif &&
           (rt->rt_flags & (RTF_DYNAMIC|RTF_MODIFIED)) == 0 &&
           !in_nullhost(satocsin(rt_getkey(rt))->sin_addr) &&
           ipsendredirects && !srcrt) {
               if ((ip->ip_src.s_addr & ifatoia(rt->rt_ifa)->ia_subnetmask) ==
                   ifatoia(rt->rt_ifa)->ia_subnet) {
                       if (rt->rt_flags & RTF_GATEWAY)
                               dest = satosin(rt->rt_gateway)->sin_addr.s_addr;
                       else
                               dest = ip->ip_dst.s_addr;
                       /*
                        * Router requirements says to only send host
                        * redirects.
                        */
                       type = ICMP_REDIRECT;
                       code = ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST;
               }
       }
       rtcache_unref(rt, ro);

       error = ip_output(m, NULL, ro,
           (IP_FORWARDING | (ip_directedbcast ? IP_ALLOWBROADCAST : 0)),
           NULL, NULL);

       if (error) {
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFORWARD);
               goto error;
       }

       ips = IP_STAT_GETREF();
       _NET_STATINC_REF(ips, IP_STAT_FORWARD);

       if (type) {
               _NET_STATINC_REF(ips, IP_STAT_REDIRECTSENT);
               IP_STAT_PUTREF();
               goto redirect;
       }

       IP_STAT_PUTREF();
       if (mcopy) {
#ifdef GATEWAY
               if (mcopy->m_flags & M_CANFASTFWD)
                       ipflow_create(ro, mcopy);
#endif
               m_freem(mcopy);
       }

       rtcache_percpu_putref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
       return;

redirect:
error:
       if (mcopy == NULL) {
               rtcache_percpu_putref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
               return;
       }

       switch (error) {

       case 0:                         /* forwarded, but need redirect */
               /* type, code set above */
               break;

       case ENETUNREACH:               /* shouldn't happen, checked above */
       case EHOSTUNREACH:
       case ENETDOWN:
       case EHOSTDOWN:
       default:
               type = ICMP_UNREACH;
               code = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
               break;

       case EMSGSIZE:
               type = ICMP_UNREACH;
               code = ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG;

               if ((rt = rtcache_validate(ro)) != NULL) {
                       destmtu = rt->rt_ifp->if_mtu;
                       rtcache_unref(rt, ro);
               }
#ifdef IPSEC
               if (ipsec_used)
                       ipsec_mtu(mcopy, &destmtu);
#endif
               IP_STATINC(IP_STAT_CANTFRAG);
               break;

       case ENOBUFS:
               /*
                * Do not generate ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH as required in RFC 1812,
                * Requirements for IP Version 4 Routers.  Source quench can
                * be a big problem under DoS attacks or if the underlying
                * interface is rate-limited.
                */
               m_freem(mcopy);
               rtcache_percpu_putref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
               return;
       }
       icmp_error(mcopy, type, code, dest, destmtu);
       rtcache_percpu_putref(ipforward_rt_percpu);
}

void
ip_savecontrol(struct inpcb *inp, struct mbuf **mp, struct ip *ip,
   struct mbuf *m)
{
       struct socket *so = inp->inp_socket;
       int inpflags = inp->inp_flags;

       if (SOOPT_TIMESTAMP(so->so_options))
               mp = sbsavetimestamp(so->so_options, mp);

       if (inpflags & INP_RECVDSTADDR) {
               *mp = sbcreatecontrol(&ip->ip_dst,
                   sizeof(struct in_addr), IP_RECVDSTADDR, IPPROTO_IP);
               if (*mp)
                       mp = &(*mp)->m_next;
       }

       if (inpflags & INP_RECVTTL) {
               *mp = sbcreatecontrol(&ip->ip_ttl,
                   sizeof(uint8_t), IP_RECVTTL, IPPROTO_IP);
               if (*mp)
                       mp = &(*mp)->m_next;
       }

       struct psref psref;
       ifnet_t *ifp = m_get_rcvif_psref(m, &psref);
       if (__predict_false(ifp == NULL)) {
#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
               printf("%s: missing receive interface\n", __func__);
#endif
               return; /* XXX should report error? */
       }

       if (inpflags & INP_RECVPKTINFO) {
               struct in_pktinfo ipi;
               ipi.ipi_addr = ip->ip_dst;
               ipi.ipi_ifindex = ifp->if_index;
               *mp = sbcreatecontrol(&ipi,
                   sizeof(ipi), IP_PKTINFO, IPPROTO_IP);
               if (*mp)
                       mp = &(*mp)->m_next;
       }
       if (inpflags & INP_RECVIF) {
               struct sockaddr_dl sdl;

               sockaddr_dl_init(&sdl, sizeof(sdl), ifp->if_index, 0, NULL, 0,
                   NULL, 0);
               *mp = sbcreatecontrol(&sdl, sdl.sdl_len, IP_RECVIF, IPPROTO_IP);
               if (*mp)
                       mp = &(*mp)->m_next;
       }
       m_put_rcvif_psref(ifp, &psref);
}

/*
* sysctl helper routine for net.inet.ip.forwsrcrt.
*/
static int
sysctl_net_inet_ip_forwsrcrt(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
{
       int error, tmp;
       struct sysctlnode node;

       node = *rnode;
       tmp = ip_forwsrcrt;
       node.sysctl_data = &tmp;
       error = sysctl_lookup(SYSCTLFN_CALL(&node));
       if (error || newp == NULL)
               return (error);

       error = kauth_authorize_network(l->l_cred, KAUTH_NETWORK_FORWSRCRT,
           0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
       if (error)
               return (error);

       ip_forwsrcrt = tmp;

       return (0);
}

/*
* sysctl helper routine for net.inet.ip.mtudisctimeout.  checks the
* range of the new value and tweaks timers if it changes.
*/
static int
sysctl_net_inet_ip_pmtudto(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
{
       int error, tmp;
       struct sysctlnode node;

       icmp_mtudisc_lock();

       node = *rnode;
       tmp = ip_mtudisc_timeout;
       node.sysctl_data = &tmp;
       error = sysctl_lookup(SYSCTLFN_CALL(&node));
       if (error || newp == NULL)
               goto out;
       if (tmp < 0) {
               error = EINVAL;
               goto out;
       }

       ip_mtudisc_timeout = tmp;
       rt_timer_queue_change(ip_mtudisc_timeout_q, ip_mtudisc_timeout);
       error = 0;
out:
       icmp_mtudisc_unlock();
       return error;
}

static int
sysctl_net_inet_ip_stats(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
{

       return (NETSTAT_SYSCTL(ipstat_percpu, IP_NSTATS));
}

static void
sysctl_net_inet_ip_setup(struct sysctllog **clog)
{
       const struct sysctlnode *ip_node;

       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
                      CTLTYPE_NODE, "inet",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("PF_INET related settings"),
                      NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, &ip_node,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
                      CTLTYPE_NODE, "ip",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("IPv4 related settings"),
                      NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP, CTL_EOL);

       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "forwarding",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable forwarding of INET datagrams"),
                      NULL, 0, &ipforwarding, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_FORWARDING, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "redirect",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable sending of ICMP redirect messages"),
                      NULL, 0, &ipsendredirects, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_SENDREDIRECTS, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "ttl",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Default TTL for an INET datagram"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_defttl, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_DEFTTL, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "forwsrcrt",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable forwarding of source-routed "
                                   "datagrams"),
                      sysctl_net_inet_ip_forwsrcrt, 0, &ip_forwsrcrt, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_FORWSRCRT, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "directed-broadcast",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable forwarding of broadcast datagrams"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_directedbcast, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_DIRECTEDBCAST, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "allowsrcrt",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Accept source-routed datagrams"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_allowsrcrt, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_ALLOWSRCRT, CTL_EOL);

       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "mtudisc",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Use RFC1191 Path MTU Discovery"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_mtudisc, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_MTUDISC, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "anonportmin",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Lowest ephemeral port number to assign"),
                      sysctl_net_inet_ip_ports, 0, &anonportmin, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_ANONPORTMIN, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "anonportmax",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Highest ephemeral port number to assign"),
                      sysctl_net_inet_ip_ports, 0, &anonportmax, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_ANONPORTMAX, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "mtudisctimeout",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Lifetime of a Path MTU Discovered route"),
                      sysctl_net_inet_ip_pmtudto, 0, (void *)&ip_mtudisc_timeout, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_MTUDISCTIMEOUT, CTL_EOL);
#ifndef IPNOPRIVPORTS
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "lowportmin",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Lowest privileged ephemeral port number "
                                   "to assign"),
                      sysctl_net_inet_ip_ports, 0, &lowportmin, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_LOWPORTMIN, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "lowportmax",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Highest privileged ephemeral port number "
                                   "to assign"),
                      sysctl_net_inet_ip_ports, 0, &lowportmax, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_LOWPORTMAX, CTL_EOL);
#endif /* IPNOPRIVPORTS */
#if NGRE > 0
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "grettl",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Default TTL for a gre tunnel datagram"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_gre_ttl, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_GRE_TTL, CTL_EOL);
#endif /* NGRE */
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "checkinterface",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable receive side of Strong ES model "
                                   "from RFC1122"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_checkinterface, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_CHECKINTERFACE, CTL_EOL);

       pktq_sysctl_setup(ip_pktq, clog, ip_node, IPCTL_IFQ);

       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "random_id",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Assign random ip_id values"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_do_randomid, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_RANDOMID, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "do_loopback_cksum",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Perform IP checksum on loopback"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_do_loopback_cksum, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_LOOPBACKCKSUM, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
                      CTLTYPE_STRUCT, "stats",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("IP statistics"),
                      sysctl_net_inet_ip_stats, 0, NULL, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP, IPCTL_STATS,
                      CTL_EOL);
#if NARP
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_INT, "dad_count",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Number of Duplicate Address Detection "
                                   "probes to send"),
                      NULL, 0, &ip_dad_count, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP,
                      IPCTL_DAD_COUNT, CTL_EOL);
#endif

       /* anonportalgo RFC6056 subtree */
       const struct sysctlnode *portalgo_node;
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, &portalgo_node,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
                      CTLTYPE_NODE, "anonportalgo",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("Anonymous Port Algorithm Selection (RFC 6056)"),
                      NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
                      CTL_NET, PF_INET, IPPROTO_IP, CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, &portalgo_node, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
                      CTLTYPE_STRING, "available",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("available algorithms"),
                      sysctl_portalgo_available, 0, NULL, PORTALGO_MAXLEN,
                      CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, &portalgo_node, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_STRING, "selected",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("selected algorithm"),
                      sysctl_portalgo_selected4, 0, NULL, PORTALGO_MAXLEN,
                      CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
       sysctl_createv(clog, 0, &portalgo_node, NULL,
                      CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
                      CTLTYPE_STRUCT, "reserve",
                      SYSCTL_DESCR("bitmap of reserved ports"),
                      sysctl_portalgo_reserve4, 0, NULL, 0,
                      CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
}

void
ip_statinc(u_int stat)
{

       KASSERT(stat < IP_NSTATS);
       IP_STATINC(stat);
}