/* $NetBSD: binpatch.c,v 1.7 2016/09/22 17:08:16 christos Exp $ */

/*-
* Copyright (c) 2009 Izumi Tsutsui.  All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
*    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

/*
* Copyright (c) 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
*    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
*    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
*    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* <<Id: LICENSE_GC,v 1.1 2001/10/01 23:24:05 cgd Exp>>
*/

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#ifndef lint
__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1996\
Christopher G. Demetriou.  All rights reserved.");
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
__RCSID("$NetBSD: binpatch.c,v 1.7 2016/09/22 17:08:16 christos Exp $");
#endif /* not lint */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/inttypes.h>

#include <err.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <nlist.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "extern.h"

static void     usage(void) __dead;

bool replace, verbose;
u_long addr, offset;
char *symbol;
size_t size;
uint64_t val;

static const struct {
       const char *name;
       int     (*check)(const char *, size_t);
       int     (*findoff)(const char *, size_t, u_long, size_t *, u_long);
} exec_formats[] = {
#ifdef NLIST_AOUT
       {       "a.out",        check_aout,     findoff_aout,   },
#endif
#ifdef NLIST_ECOFF
       {       "ECOFF",        check_ecoff,    findoff_ecoff,  },
#endif
#ifdef NLIST_ELF32
       {       "ELF32",        check_elf32,    findoff_elf32,  },
#endif
#ifdef NLIST_ELF64
       {       "ELF64",        check_elf64,    findoff_elf64,  },
#endif
#ifdef NLIST_COFF
       {       "COFF",         check_coff,     findoff_coff,   },
#endif
};


int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
       const char *fname;
       struct stat sb;
       struct nlist nl[2];
       char *mappedfile;
       size_t valoff;
       void *valp;
       uint8_t uval8;
       int8_t  sval8;
       uint16_t uval16;
       int16_t  sval16;
       uint32_t uval32;
       int32_t  sval32;
       uint64_t uval64;
       int64_t  sval64;
       int ch, fd, rv, i, n;
       u_long  text_start;             /* Start of kernel text (a.out) */

       setprogname(argv[0]);
       text_start = (unsigned long)~0;

       while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "bwldT:a:s:o:r:v")) != -1)
               switch (ch) {
               case 'b':
                       size = sizeof(uint8_t);
                       break;
               case 'w':
                       size = sizeof(uint16_t);
                       break;
               case 'l':
                       size = sizeof(uint32_t);
                       break;
               case 'd':
                       size = sizeof(uint64_t);
                       break;
               case 'a':
                       if (addr != 0 || symbol != NULL)
                               errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                   "only one address/symbol allowed");
                       addr = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
                       break;
               case 's':
                       if (addr != 0 || symbol != NULL)
                               errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                   "only one address/symbol allowed");
                       symbol = optarg;
                       break;
               case 'o':
                       if (offset != 0)
                               err(EXIT_FAILURE,
                                   "only one offset allowed");
                       offset = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
                       break;
               case 'r':
                       replace = true;
                       val = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 0);
                       break;
               case 'v':
                       verbose = true;
                       break;
               case 'T':
                       text_start = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
                       break;
               case '?':
               default:
                       usage();
       }
       argc -= optind;
       argv += optind;

       if (argc != 1)
               usage();

       if (addr == 0 && symbol == NULL) {
               warnx("no address or symbol specified");
               usage();
       }

       if (size == 0)
               size = sizeof(uint32_t);        /* default to int */

       fname = argv[0];

       if ((fd = open(fname, replace ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY, 0))  == -1)
               err(EXIT_FAILURE, "open %s", fname);

       if (symbol != NULL) {
               nl[0].n_name = symbol;
               nl[1].n_name = NULL;
               if ((rv = __fdnlist(fd, nl)) != 0)
                       errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "could not find symbol %s in %s",
                           symbol, fname);
               addr = nl[0].n_value;
               if (verbose)
                       fprintf(stderr, "got symbol address 0x%lx from %s\n",
                           addr, fname);
       }

       addr += offset * size;

       if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1)
               err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fstat %s", fname);
       if (sb.st_size != (ssize_t)sb.st_size)
               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s too big to map", fname);

       if ((mappedfile = mmap(NULL, sb.st_size,
           replace ? PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE : PROT_READ,
           MAP_FILE | MAP_SHARED, fd, 0)) == (char *)-1)
               err(EXIT_FAILURE, "mmap %s", fname);
       if (verbose)
               fprintf(stderr, "mapped %s\n", fname);

       n = __arraycount(exec_formats);
       for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
               if ((*exec_formats[i].check)(mappedfile, sb.st_size) == 0)
                       break;
       }
       if (i == n)
               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: unknown executable format", fname);

       if (verbose) {
               fprintf(stderr, "%s is an %s binary\n", fname,
                   exec_formats[i].name);
               if (text_start != (u_long)~0)
                       fprintf(stderr, "kernel text loads at 0x%lx\n",
                           text_start);
       }

       if ((*exec_formats[i].findoff)(mappedfile, sb.st_size,
           addr, &valoff, text_start) != 0)
               errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "couldn't find file offset for %s in %s",
                   symbol != NULL ? nl[0].n_name : "address" , fname);

       valp = mappedfile + valoff;

       if (symbol)
               printf("%s(0x%lx): ", symbol, addr);
       else
               printf("0x%lx: ", addr);

       switch (size) {
       case sizeof(uint8_t):
               uval8 = *(uint8_t *)valp;
               sval8 = *(int8_t *)valp;
               printf("0x%02" PRIx8 " (%" PRIu8, uval8, uval8);
               if (sval8 < 0)
                       printf("/%" PRId8, sval8);
               printf(")");
               break;
       case sizeof(uint16_t):
               uval16 = *(uint16_t *)valp;
               sval16 = *(int16_t *)valp;
               printf("0x%04" PRIx16 " (%" PRIu16, uval16, uval16);
               if (sval16 < 0)
                       printf("/%" PRId16, sval16);
               printf(")");
               break;
       case sizeof(uint32_t):
               uval32 = *(uint32_t *)valp;
               sval32 = *(int32_t *)valp;
               printf("0x%08" PRIx32 " (%" PRIu32, uval32, uval32);
               if (sval32 < 0)
                       printf("/%" PRId32, sval32);
               printf(")");
               break;
       case sizeof(uint64_t):
               uval64 = *(uint64_t *)valp;
               sval64 = *(int64_t *)valp;
               printf("0x%016" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64, uval64, uval64);
               if (sval64 < 0)
                       printf("/%" PRId64, sval64);
               printf(")");
               break;
       }
       printf(", at offset %#lx in %s\n", (unsigned long)valoff, fname);

       if (!replace)
               goto done;

       printf("new value: ");

       switch (size) {
       case sizeof(uint8_t):
               uval8 = (uint8_t)val;
               sval8 = (int8_t)val;
               printf("0x%02" PRIx8 " (%" PRIu8, uval8, uval8);
               if (sval8 < 0)
                       printf("/%" PRId8, sval8);
               printf(")");
               *(uint8_t *)valp = uval8;
               break;
       case sizeof(uint16_t):
               uval16 = (uint16_t)val;
               sval16 = (int16_t)val;
               printf("0x%04" PRIx16 " (%" PRIu16, uval16, uval16);
               if (sval16 < 0)
                       printf("/%" PRId16, sval16);
               printf(")");
               *(uint16_t *)valp = uval16;
               break;
       case sizeof(uint32_t):
               uval32 = (uint32_t)val;
               sval32 = (int32_t)val;
               printf("0x%08" PRIx32 " (%" PRIu32, uval32, uval32);
               if (sval32 < 0)
                       printf("/%" PRId32, sval32);
               printf(")");
               *(uint32_t *)valp = uval32;
               break;
       case sizeof(uint64_t):
               uval64 = (uint64_t)val;
               sval64 = (int64_t)val;
               printf("0x%016" PRIx64 " (%" PRIu64, uval64, uval64);
               if (sval64 < 0)
                       printf("/%" PRId64, sval64);
               printf(")");
               *(uint64_t *)valp = uval64;
               break;
       }
       printf("\n");

done:
       munmap(mappedfile, sb.st_size);
       close(fd);

       if (verbose)
               fprintf(stderr, "exiting\n");
       exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

static void
usage(void)
{

       fprintf(stderr,
           "Usage: %s [-b|-w|-l|-d] [-a address | -s symbol] [-o offset]"
           " [-r value] [-T text_start] [-v] binary\n", getprogname());
       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

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