\"      $NetBSD: rescue.8,v 1.9 2014/03/18 18:20:40 riastradh Exp $
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\" Copyright (c) 2003 Tim Kientzle <[email protected]>
\" Copyright (c) 2003 Simon L. Nielsen <[email protected]>
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\"  FreeBSD: src/share/man/man8/rescue.8,v 1.3 2005/11/10 15:42:51 kientzle Exp
\"
Dd April 5, 2012
Dt RESCUE 8
Os
Sh NAME
Nm rescue
Nd rescue utilities in
Pa /rescue
Sh DESCRIPTION
The
Pa /rescue
directory contains a collection of common utilities intended for use
in recovering a badly damaged system.
With the transition to a dynamically-linked root beginning with
Nx 2.0 ,
there is a real possibility that the standard tools in
Pa /bin
and
Pa /sbin
may become non-functional due to a failed upgrade or a disk error.
The tools in
Pa /rescue
are statically linked and should therefore be more resistant to
damage.
However, being statically linked, the tools in
Pa /rescue
are also less functional than the standard utilities.
In particular, they do not have full use of the locale,
Xr pam 3 ,
and nsswitch libraries.
Pp
If your system fails to boot, and it shows an error message similar to:
Pp
Dl "init: not found"
Pp
try booting the system with the boot flag
Dq Fl a
and supplying
Pa /rescue/init ,
which is the
Nm
Xr init 8 ,
as the init path.
Pp
If your system fails to boot, and it shows a prompt similar to:
Pp
Dl "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for /bin/sh: "
Pp
the first thing to try running is the standard shell,
Pa /bin/sh .
If that fails, try running
Pa /rescue/sh ,
which is the
Nm
shell.
To repair the system, the root partition must first be remounted
read-write.
This can be done with the following
Xr mount 8
command:
Pp
Dl "/rescue/mount -uw /"
Pp
The next step is to double-check the contents of
Pa /bin ,
Pa /lib ,
Pa /libexec ,
and
Pa /sbin ,
possibly mounting a
Nx
installation CD-ROM
and copying files from there.
Once it is possible to successfully run
Pa /bin/sh , /bin/ls ,
and other standard utilities, try rebooting back into the standard
system.
Pp
The
Pa /rescue
tools are compiled using
Xr crunchgen 1 ,
which makes them considerably more compact than the standard
utilities.
Sh FILES
Bl -tag -width ".Pa /rescue" -compact
It Pa /rescue
Root of the
Nm
hierarchy.
El
Sh SEE ALSO
Xr crunchgen 1
Sh HISTORY
The
Nm
utilities first appeared in
Nx 2.0 .
Sh AUTHORS
An -nosplit
The
Nm
system was written by
An Luke Mewburn Aq Mt [email protected] .
This manual page was written by
An Simon L. Nielsen Aq Mt [email protected] ,
based on text by
An Tim Kientzle Aq Mt [email protected] .