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From: [email protected] (Mike Iglesias)
Newsgroups: rec.bicycles.misc,news.answers,rec.answers
Subject: Rec.Bicycles Frequently Asked Questions Posting  Part 1/5
Supersedes: <[email protected]>
Followup-To: rec.bicycles.misc
Date: 30 Apr 2003 17:05:02 GMT
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Archive-name: bicycles-faq/part1

------------------------------

Subject: 1  Introduction

Last modified: December 17, 2002


Answers to Rec.Bicycles' Frequently Asked Questions and Interesting Information

The following monthly posting contains the answers to frequently asked
questions posed to rec.bicycles.* and interesting information that cyclists
might find useful.  Some of the answers are from postings to rec.bicycles.*,
and some are condensed from postings.  Answers include the name and
email address of the author.  If no author is listed, I'm the guilty party.
If you're the author and I've misspelled your name or have the wrong email
address, let me know and I'll fix it.

****NOTE****: I am not the moderator or "person in charge" of the
rec.bicycles.* newsgroups.  I also have no way to help you with problems
reading the newsgroups unless you are at UCI; you'll need to talk to your
system or news admin for help.

If you have something you feel should be included in the FAQ, please write
it up and send it to me at the address below.

Note: I don't read each and every posting to rec.bicycles.*, so suggesting
that something be included in the FAQ may not be seen.  If you want
something included, summarize the discussion and send me the summary.

This FAQ is posted to rec.bicycles.misc, news.answers, and rec.answers
around the 15th of the month.  It is also available via anonymous ftp from:

  <ftp://draco.acs.uci.edu/pub/rec.bicycles/faq.*>
  <ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/rec.bicycles.misc/>
  <ftp://ugle.unit.no/local/biking/faq*>

Check the "Archives" section for information on how to obtain the FAQ via
email.


Mike Iglesias
[email protected]


------------------------------

Subject: 2  Index

(! means updated since last FAQ.  + means new section.)

 1  Introduction

 2  Index

 3  Administrivia
    3.1  Abbreviations
    3.2  World Wide Web access
    3.3  Archives
!    3.4  Posting Guidelines
    3.5  Electronic Mailing lists
    3.6  Posting Guidelines for rec.bicycles.marketplace

 4  Rides
    4.1  Maps
    4.2  Touring supplies
    4.3  Taking a bike on Amtrak
    4.4  Travel with bicycles - Air/Rail/Other
    4.5  Warm Showers List
    4.6  Touring Europe Guide
    4.7  More information on Amtrak and Bicycles
    4.8  Getting Weather Information

 5  Racing
    5.1  Tour de France Jerseys
    5.2  Major Tour Winners 1947-1996
    5.3  Rating the Tour de France Climbs
    5.4  How to follow the Tour de France
    5.5  Tour de France Time Limits
    5.6  Tour de France Points Jersey Competition
    5.7  Bicycle Racing Movies
    5.8  Guide to Spectating at the Tour de France

 6  Social
    6.1  Bicycling in America
    6.2  League of American Bicyclists
    6.3  Rules for trail riding
    6.4  Commuting - Is it possible for me to commute by bike?
    6.5  Commuting - How do I choose a route?
    6.6  Commuting - Do I really need to look that goofy?
    6.7  Commuting - Do cyclists breathe more pollution than motorists?

 7  Marketplace
    7.1  Marketplace hints/guidelines
    7.2  Bike Trailers
    7.3  One Less Car T-Shirts
    7.4  Panniers and Racks
    7.5  Clothing materials
    7.6  Seats
    7.7  Women's Saddles
    7.8  Women's Bikes
    7.9  Bike Rentals
    7.10  Bike Lockers
    7.11  Bike computer features
    7.12  Recumbent Bike Info
    7.13  Buying a Bike
    7.14  Kids Bike Clothes
    7.15  Repair stands
    7.16  Updated Bike Locker listing
    7.17  Electric Bikes
+    7.18  Cycling loaded: bags, panniers, and trailers

 8a Tech General
    8a.1  Technical Support Numbers
    8a.2  Using a Quick Release
    8a.3  Workstands
    8a.4  Workstands 2
    8a.5  Working on a Bicycle Upside-down
    8a.6  Where to buy tools
    8a.7  Common Torque Values
    8a.8  WD-40
    8a.9  Sheldon Brown's web pages

 8b Tech Tires
    8b.1  Patching Tubes
    8b.2  Mounting Tires
    8b.3  Snakebite flats
    8b.4  Blowouts and Sudden Flats
    8b.5  Blown Tubes
    8b.6  Tube Failure in Clinchers
    8b.7  More Flats on Rear Tires
    8b.8  Tube and Tire Casing Repair
    8b.9  Presta Valve Nuts
    8b.10  Rim Tape Summary
    8b.11  Talcum Powder for Tubes and Tires
    8b.12  ETRTO numbers for tire sizes
    8b.13  Tires with smooth tread
    8b.14  Rolling resistance of Tires
    8b.15  Wiping Tires
    8b.17  Clinchers vs. Tubulars
!    8b.18  Tubular Fables
    8b.19  Tubular Tire Repair
    8b.20  Gluing Sew-up Tires
    8b.21  Another way to glue sewup tires
    8b.22  Folding a Tubular Tire
    8b.23  Coiling a Wire Bead Clincher
    8b.24  Measuring the circumference of a wheel
    8b.25  What holds the rim off the ground?
!    8b.26  Making a tubular tire
    8b.27  Things to check after a flat
    8b.28  Mounting Tubular Tires
    8b.29  Presta vs Schrader valves

 8c Tech Wheels
    8c.1  Stress Relieving Spokes
    8c.2  Anodized vs. Non-anodized Rims
    8c.3  Reusing Spokes
    8c.4  Ideal Tire Sizes
    8c.5  Tied and Soldered Wheels
+    8c.6  Machined Rims
+    8c.7  Wheel Bearing adjustment

 8d Tech Chains
    8d.1  Lubricating Chains
!    8d.2  Chain care, wear and skipping
    8d.3  Adjusting Chain Length
    8d.4  Hyperglide chains
    8d.5  SACHS Power-links

 8e Tech Frames
    8e.1  Bike pulls to one side
    8e.2  Frame Stiffness
    8e.3  Frame repair
    8e.4  Frame Fatigue
    8e.5  Frames "going soft"
    8e.6  Inspecting your bike for potential failures
    8e.7  Frame materials
    8e.8  Bottom Bracket Drop
    8e.9  Bent Frames
    8e.10 Aligning a Fork
    8e.11 Stuck Handlebar Stem

 8f Tech Moving Parts
    8f.1  SIS Adjustment Procedure
    8f.2  SIS Cable Info
    8f.3  STI/Ergo Summary
    8f.4  Cassette or Freewheel Hubs
    8f.5  Cassette or Freewheel Hubs take 2
    8f.6  "Sealed" Bearings
    8f.7  Ball Bearing Grades
    8f.8  Bottom Bracket Bearing Adjustment
    8f.9  Crank noises
    8f.10  Cracking/Breaking Cranks
    8f.11  Installing Cranks
    8f.12  Biopace chainrings
    8f.13  Indexed Steering
    8f.14  Roller Head Bearings
    8f.15  Brakes from Skid Pads to V-brakes
    8f.16  Brake Squeal
    8f.17  Electronic Shifting
!    8f.18  Bearing Seals
+    8f.19  Sturmey-Archer 3-Speed Hubs

 8g Tech Accessories
    8g.1  Milk Jug Mud Flaps
    8g.2  Storing NiCad Batteries

 8h Tech Ergonomics
    8h.1  Seat adjustments
    8h.2  Cleat adjustments
    8h.3  Adjusting SPD Cleats
    8h.4  SPD cleat compatability
    8h.5  Shimmy or Speed Wobble
    8h.6  Soft Bicycle Saddles
    8h.7  Black vs White Helmet - Thermal Test
    8h.8  Ankling, a pedaling style

 8i Tech Misc
    8i.1  Weight = Speed?
    8i.2  Traffic detector loops
!    8i.3  The Continuously Variable Transmission
    8i.4  Alenax Bicycle
    8i.5  Stuck Pedal Removal
    8i.6  Removing Pedals
    8i.7  Bikecurrent FAQ
    8i.8  Fretting damage in Bicycle Mechanics

 9  Misc
    9.1  Books and Magazines
    9.2  Mail Order Addresses
    9.3  Road Gradient Units
    9.4  Helmet FAQ now on-line
    9.5  Terminology
    9.6  Avoiding Dogs
    9.7  Shaving Your Legs
    9.8  Contact Lenses and Cycling
    9.9  How to deal with your clothes
    9.10  Pete's Winter Cycling Tips
    9.11  Nancy's Cold/Wet Cycling Tips
    9.12  (Moved to 8b.16)
    9.13  Cycling Myths
    9.14  Descending I
    9.15  Descending II
    9.16  Trackstands
    9.17  Front Brake Usage
    9.18  Slope Wind, the Invisible Enemy
    9.19  Reflective Tape
    9.20  Nutrition
    9.21  Nuclear Free Energy Bar Recipe
    9.22  Powerbars Recipe
    9.23  Calories burned by cycling
    9.24  Road Rash Cures
    9.25  Knee problems
    9.26  Cycling Psychology
    9.27  Mirrors
    9.28  Another Powerbar recipe
    9.29  Lower back pain
    9.30  Saddle sores
    9.31  Group Riding Tips
    9.32  Riding in echelon
    9.33  Mirrors II
    9.34  Thorns aka Puncture Vine
    9.35  Gyroscopic Forces
    9.36  Going over the bars
    9.37  Yet another powerbar recipe
    9.38  Custom Jerseys
    9.39  Iliotibial Band Syndrome and Patelar Tendonitis
    9.40  Staying up in a crash
    9.41  Applying Merlin Decals

 10  Off-Road
    10.1  Suspension Stems
    10.2  MTB FAQ no longer available
    10.3  Installing new rear derailleur spring
    10.4  A Brief History of the Mountain Bike
!    10.5  The Mike Vandeman FAQ
    10.6  Ode to a Usenet Kook

------------------------------

Subject: 3  Administrivia

------------------------------

Subject: 3.1  Abbreviations

Some common abbreviations used here and in rec.bicycles.*:

 FAQ  Frequenly Asked Question.  What you are reading now is a file
      containing answers to some FAQs.

 IMHO  In my humble opinion.

 TIOOYK  There Is Only One You Know.  Refers to the Tour de France.

See the glossary in the ftp archives for more bicycle-related terms, or
check out Sheldon Brown's Glossary at

 http://www.sheldonbrown.com/glossary.html.

------------------------------

Subject: 3.2  Gopher and World Wide Web access

I've made the rec.bicycles ftp archives available via the Web using
the URLs below:

  <http://draco.acs.uci.edu/rbfaq/>
  <http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/bicycles-faq/top.html>

Again, please ask your local gurus for information on how to use Web
clients.

The FAQ used to be available via gopher but since I upgraded my system
the software is no longer available.  Please use the web or ftp site instead.

------------------------------

Subject: 3.3  Archives

I've made available via anonymous ftp a copy of the current FAQ and a
few other items on draco.acs.uci.edu (128.200.34.12).  This is the
workstation on my desk, so I'd appreciate it if people would restrict
their use to 7pm-7am Pacific time.  The files are in pub/rec.bicycles.

For those without Internet access, you can use an ftpmail server to get
copies of items in the archives.  I really don't have time to email copies
of files to people who can't get at them easily.  These servers come and go
all the time but a daily status report can be found:

    On the Web at http://www.netservs.com/mrcool/stats.htm
    By FTP at ftp://ftp.cix.co.uk/pub/net-services/stats.txt
    Mail to [email protected] and say
    "send file stats.txt" (no quotes)


               README for Rec.Bicycles Anonymous FTP area

arnie.light     Arnie Berger's ([email protected]) "Ultimate bike light"

bike_gear.sea.hqx
               Lawrence Hare's ([email protected]) copy of a
               Hypercard stack to calculate gearing.  Lawrence says
               there is a newer version on major bbs systems.

bike.lockers    David H. Wolfskill's ([email protected]) summary of
               bike locker vendors.

bike.painting   Sam Henry's ([email protected]) collection of articles on
               how to paint a bike.

bike_power.*    Ken Roberts program to calculate power output and power
               consumption.  See bike_power.doc for more info.
               updated by Mark Grennan ([email protected])

biking_log.*    Phil Etheridge's ([email protected]) hypercard stack
               riding diary.  It keeps track of dates, distance, time,
               average speed, etc., and keeps running weekly, monthly,
               and yearly totals.  See biking_log.read_me for more
               information.


CA-veh-code     A directory containing the California vehicle code sections
               that pertain to bicycles and gopher bookmarks.  See the
               README in that directory for more information.

camera.tour     Vivian Aldridge's ([email protected]) collection of articles
               on cameras to take on a bike tour.

competitive.nutrition
               Roger Marquis' ([email protected]) article from the
               Feb 91 Velo News on nutrition and cycling.

computer.calibrate
computer.install
               Sheldon Brown's ([email protected]) universal bike
               computer calibration chart and installation suggestions.

cyclesense      Larry Watanabe's ([email protected]) copy of
               the "Cycle Sense for Motorists" ready to run thru LaTeX.

faq.*           The current Frequently Asked Questions posting

first.century   Pamela Blalock's ([email protected]) tips on training
               for your first century ride.

frame.build     Terry Zmrhal's ([email protected]) writeup of
               a frame building class he took.

gear.c          Larry Watanabe's ([email protected]) program to
               print gear inch tables.

glossary        Alan Bloom's ([email protected]) glossary of bicycle terms.

lab.info        Erin O'Brien's ([email protected]) article on the
               League of American Bicyclists.

lights          Tom Reingold's ([email protected]) collection of
               articles on bike lights.

lights2         More articles from rec.bicycles.* on lights.

mtb.faq         Vince Cheng's ([email protected]) MTB FAQ.

pam.bmb*        Pamela Blalock's ([email protected]) report on her
               Boston-Montreal-Boston rides.

pam.pactour*    Pamela Blalock's ([email protected]) writeup of her PAC tours
               across the country.

pbp.info        Pamela Blalock's ([email protected]) information
               on her Paris-Brest-Paris ride.

pictures        Bicycling gif pictures.

prof.sched      Roland Stahl's ([email protected]) list of
               scheduled professional races in many countries.

pwm.regulator   Willie Hunt's ([email protected]) design notes
               on a pulse width modulated voltage regulator.  Originally
               designed for caving, this design is adaptable to bike
               lighting.  The author has parts available in kit form.

ride.index      Chris Hull's/Bill Bushnell's ([email protected])
               explanation of a way to "index" rides and compare the
               difficulty of different rides.

ridelg22.*      Found on AOL by Gary Thurman ([email protected]), a
               ride diary program.  The .exe file a self-extracting archive
               for PCs.

spike.bike      Bob Fishell's ([email protected]) Spike Bike series.
               They are numbered in the order that Bob posted them to
               rec.bicycles.  All the Spike Bike stories are
               "Copyright 1989 by Robert Fishell, all rights reserved."

spokelen11.bas  Roger Marquis' ([email protected]) spoke length
               calculator, written in Microsoft Quickbasic.

spokelen.c      Andy Tucker's ([email protected]) port of
               Roger Marquis' spokelen11.bas to C.

spokelen.hqx    Eric Topp's [email protected]'s Hypercard stack that
               computes spoke lengths.

studded.tires   (Name removed by request) compilation
               of messages on studded tires, including how to make your
               own.

tandem.boxes    Arnie Berger's ([email protected]) notes on how
               he built a box to transport his tandem to Europe and
               back.  It's taken from a longer travelogue on his trip - if
               you want more information, contact him at the above
               address.

tech.supp.phone Joshua Putnam's ([email protected]) list of technical
               support numbers for various manufacturers.  This list
               used to be in the FAQ but now is too long to include there.

trailers        A summary posting of messages about bike trailers.  Good
               stuff if you're thinking of buying a trailer.

wheelbuild.txt  Sheldon Brown's ([email protected]) instructions on
               how to build a wheel.

wheels.*.hqx    R. Scott Truesdell's ([email protected]) Hypercard
               stack to calculate spoke lengths.  See wheels.readme
               for more info.

wintertips      Pete Hickey's ([email protected]) notes about
               how to cycle in the winter.

wintertips.pam  Pamela Blalock's ([email protected]) winter cycling tips.

More files are available from http://spiderman.novit.no/dahls/Cycling and
http://spiderman.novit.no/dahls/Velo.

------------------------------

Subject: 3.4  Posting Guidelines

The rec.bicycles subgroups are described below - please try to post your
article to the appropriate group.  The newsgroups were designed to minimize
cross posting, so please take the time to think about the most appropriate
newsgroup and post your article there.  Most postings to rec.bicycles.* should
not be cross-posted to groups outside of rec.* (alt.* is ok).

For archives of rec.bicycles.*, you might want to check out
http://groups.google.com.

rec.bicycles.marketplace: Bicycles, components, ancillary equipment and
  services wanted or for sale, reviews of such things, places to buy
  them, and evaluations of these sources.  Not for discussion of general
  engineering, maintenance, or repair -- see rec.bicycles.tech.

rec.bicycles.tech: Techniques of engineering, construction, maintenance
  and repair of bicycles and ancillary equipment.  Not for products or
  services offered or wanted -- see rec.bicycles.marketplace.

rec.bicycles.rides: Discussions of tours and training or commuting routes.
  Not for disussion of general riding techniques -- see rec.bicycles.misc.
  Not for products or services offered or wanted -- see
  rec.bicycles.marketplace.

rec.bicycles.soc: Social issues, cycling transportation advocacy, laws,
  conduct of riders and drivers; road hazards such as potholes, dogs, and
  sociopaths.  Not for products or services offered or wanted --
  see rec.bicycles.marketplace.

rec.bicycles.racing: Race results, racing techniques, rules, and
  organizations.  Not racing equipment -- see rec.bicycles.marketplace
  or rec.bicycles.tech.

rec.bicycles.misc:  General riding techniques, rider physiology,
  injuries and treatment, diets, and other cycling topics.
  Not for products or services offered or wanted -- see
  rec.bicycles.marketplace.

rec.bicycles.off-road: This group is moderated.  Discussion of riding
  on unimproved roads, gravel, dirt, grass, sand, single track or 4x4 roads.
  Also discussion of environmental issues related to mountain biking, trail
  issues, backcountry travel, how to handle conditions (technically and
  evo-sensitively), off-road magazines and other media.  See
  http://rbor.org/ for more info and moderator information.

alt.rec.bicycles.recumbent: Discussion of recumbent bikes.

alt.mountain-bike: Discussion of mountain bikes and mountain biking.

------------------------------

Subject: 3.5  Electronic Mailing lists

[email protected]  A mailing list for tandem bicycle enthusiasts.
       Suitable topics include questions and answers related to tandem
       componentry, riding technique, brands and equipment selection,
       prices, clubs, rides and other activities, cooperating on a section
       on tandems for the rec.bicycles.* FAQ, etc.  For more information
       send mail to "[email protected]" with the body of the
       message having the line "info tandem", or point your WWW client at
       <http://www-acs.ucsd.edu/home-pages/wade/tandem.html>, or
       finger [email protected].

BOB is the Bridgestone Owner's Bunch, and this is the internet
       edition of it.  This is a mailing list, not a newsletter, and has no
       connection with the real Bridgestone-sponsored BOB except in name and
       in spirit.  Get more information by sending mail to
       [email protected].

HPV list  The HPV list is for the discussion of issues related to the
         design, construction, and operation of human powered vehicles
         and closely related kin. (Hybrid  human/electric, for example.)

         For further information, send a mail message containing the
         following single line in the message, to [email protected]:

         info hpv

BICYCLE on [email protected]

  The BICYCLE list was formed to provide a forum for cyclists to
  discuss all topics related to bicycles, mtn.  biking, and cycling in
  general.  This is NOT the place to discuss issues related to
  motorcycling.

  To subscribe to BICYCLE send the following command to [email protected]
  in the BODY of e-mail:

     SUBSCRIBE BICYCLE real name

  For example: SUBSCRIBE BICYCLE John Doe

  Owner: Chris Tanski  [email protected]


BikeMidwest

 A new regional internet discussion group has been started to discuss bicycle
 advocacy issues in the midwest area.  BikeMidwest was started to connect
 cyclists in L.A.W. Regions 6, 7, 8 and 9.  That is, the states of Ohio,
 Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota,
 Iowa and Missouri.  Of course, people from outside this area are welcome
 to join.

 Subscriptions to the list are handled by a computer program called
 Majordomo.  To subscribe, send a message with the following command in the
 body of the message to [email protected]:

 subscribe BikeMidwest


Bicycle BBS

BicycleBBS offers free access to cyclists.  The # is 619-720-1830.
The BBS is run by Neil Goren, [email protected].

BicycleBBS also has a mailing list.  Anyone can join by sending e-mail to:

[email protected] and put "JOIN" in the text body anywhere.

VeloNet has a list of some 200 cycling-related mailing lists,
all run under standard majordomo protocols, with both live and
digest formats.  Subscribe/unsubscribe requests should go to
[email protected]

Here are the "international/general" lists:

* bikecurrent - Discussions regarding Bicycle Electronics
* bikeham - Cycling and Amateur Radio Operation
* bikemedic - Cycling and Emergency Medical Services
* bikepeople - General/International list for Bicycle Advocacy
* bike-station - Bike commuter centers at transit stations
* bikes-n-transit - Taking your bicycle on public transit
* bmx - General BMX Discussion List
* coaching - Coaching discussions for racers
* commute-logistics - Discussions regarding bicycle commuting logistics
* facilities-n-planning - Transportation infrastructure affecting cycling
* iccc - International Christian Cycling Club
* icebike - Winter cycling
* ifcmc - International Federation of Cycle Messengers and Companies
* imba - International Mountain Bicycling Association
* marketplace - Discussions regarding buying a bicycle or components
* messengers - Bicycle Messengers and Couriers
* mtb - General Discussions about Mountain Biking
* mtb-trials - Mountain Bike Trials Riding
* moulton - The Moulton Bicycle Club Mailing list
* patrol - Discussions regarding Mountain Bike Patrols
* power-assist - Power-assisted HPVs
* promoters - Race promotion
* race-results - International, Cat A & USPRO Race Results
* randon - Randoneering (touring and non-competitive ultradistance)
* safety-n-education - Discussions of Bicycle Safety and Education
(formerly ca-bike-safety)
* team-internet - International Team Internet Racing Team
* touring - Bicycle Touring
* ultra - Dicussions regarding ultra marathon cycling events
* velonet-admin - Discussions regarding the operation of VeloNet

Web sites:

Trento Bike Pages
http://www-math.science.unitn.it/Bike/

------------------------------

Subject: 3.6  Posting Guidelines for rec.bicycles.marketplace
From:    "E. Paul Stanley" <[email protected]>
Date:    Sun, 09 Mar 1997 19:14:59 -0500

All subject lines in rec.bicycles.marketplace should stick to the
following codes.

[CODE]:<Size><Item><Price>

Where <CODE> = FS (for sale), WTB (wanted to buy), WTT (wanted to
trade).

<Size> would, of course, be omitted for some items.

Commercial vendors could use the following:

COM:<spam>

Where <spam> would be the crap enticement to go to the web site, email,
etc.

There is no space between the Code, the colon, and the size of the item
to conserve space and make sure the complete subject comes out.

Following this nomenclature would permit newsreaders to see similar
items grouped together and would highlight spam which would not follow
the nomenclature.

The argument that "I have a buch of stuff to sell/buy so it would
require bunches of posts" is without merit.  First, "Regular" people
don't have bunches of stuff so it would be a "COM:" post.  Second, if a
regular person does have a buch of stuff, simply post the same message
with the proper subject lines for each item.  Several posts, but only
one copy and paste from your word processor.

------------------------------

Subject: 4  Rides

------------------------------

Subject: 4.1  Maps
From: Jim Carson <[email protected]>
Updated-From: Joel Spolsky <[email protected]>

Adventure Cycling Association maps are not free, but you can get them
without joining.  To order stuff with Mastercard or Visa, you can call
+1 (406) 721-1776 (24 hr).  Maps are currently (Feb 1995) $8.95 each to
"non-members," $5.95 each to "members." There are also small discounts for
sets of maps and members in the continental US don't have to pay for
surface shipping and handling.

Scale of the maps is generally 1" = 4mi/6.4km.  Certain areas are more
detailed when necessary.  I like the maps because they have lots of
interesting features labeled (campgrounds, grocery stores, major
changes in elevation, historical info about the region,...), they're
printed on a water-resistant paper, and they fit nicely into a handlebar
bag map case.

As of Feb '95, there are three transcontinental (W-E) routes an east coast
(N-S) route, a west coast route (N-S), and a middle route and numerous
routes among the various parks in the western U.S. and Canada.

Membership is $25 individual; $35 family; $19 for students/seniors.
Lifetime is $475; $650 for couples.

Members get copies of Adventure Cycling Association's magazine, Adventure
Cyclist, published 9 times annually, a list of tours run by Adventure
Cycling Association, and the annual _The Cyclists' Yellow Pages_.  _The
Cyclists' Yellow Pages_ provides *LOTS* of interesting information on
touring and points of contact for more information about cycling and
touring all over the world.  (For example, they have an arrangement with
The Netherlands Service Center for Tourism whereby you can purchase
full-color, 21" x 38", 1:100k scale, Dutch-language maps.)

Adventure Cycling Association's address and phone:

       Adventure Cycling Association
       (406) 721-1776, fax (406) 721-8754
       PO Box 8308
       Missoula, MT 59807-8308

------------------------------

Subject: 4.2  Touring supplies
From: Scott "gaspo" Gasparian <[email protected]>

       Recently, I asked the group: what do you bring with you on medium
trips? (medium being more than one nite, and less than a week).  I
received some excellent replies, a few great stories, and lots of things
that I never would have thought of. (at least not until I needed that
spare spoke that is).

Ok, for all of you who don't know what to bring with you on that
next medium trip...


FOOD:
       Here, just whatever you normally consume.  If you plan on
staying in a hotel/B&B, then obviously 1 day's worth is enough.
Standard things like power-bars and drink mixes should do the trick.
Since I'm not going to BFE, I have no idea what to pack for a real
"camp-out" type tour.  This subject is enough for a discussion in
itself, but I just eat what I want.

CLOTHING:
       Almost everybody suggested something different, rangin from hi-
tech bodysuits to cutoffs and T-shirts.  However, everybody agreed on the
indispensibleness (tm) of rain gear.  Specifically, light waterproof
pants and jacket are not only good for staying dry, but have a very high
warmth/weight ratio.
       A spare change of skivies, and a pair of dry socks were also
highly recomended.  A pair of jeans or a "smushable outfit" can come in
handy, but I usually smell so bad after a day of riding that anybody who is
talking to me doesn't care what I wear.  If it might be non-warm, a
watch-cap or other non-helmet type hat can help.

FIRST-AID:
       Outside of the standard band-aids/antiseptic-goop bit, sunscreen
and bug-away topped the lists.  Asprin or Ibuprofen and rolaids were
mentioned, but I guess thats a personal thing, just like...

TOILETRIES:
       I stick with: soap, toothbrush/paste, deodorant.  That covers
all I need, but everybody has different needs, and I'm not even gonna
touch the "personal hygeine" stuff.  A razor is handy too, it can help
keep that road-rash dressing from ripping all your remaining hair out.

MISC:
       I'll put the tent/pit stuff into this category.  Robyn Stewart
gave an excellent testamony to the uses of rope and tarps.  A piece of
rope stretched between two trees can keep the food above the
critter-level, and can also provide a rudimentary tent with the aid of
an old shower-curtain.  Again, there is a whole area of discussion here
on the pits and mattresses, but if it keeps you warm and dry, it works.


TOOLS:
       Basically, this could be split into two different classes, with
things like tire-kit being in the "fix it yourself" category, and other
stuff like a chain remover tool is in the  "how far will I be from
civilization" range.  This was what I really wanted to know about when I
posted my request, so a little more info than the first groups.

Most of this depends upon how much work _YOU_ do to your velo.  If
replacing spokes is trivial to you, then you already know what tools to
bring.  Also, wrenches and screwdrivers are very velo dependent: handy
sizes for a MTB might be useless for a nice racer, and vice-versa. Tools
that tune more than repair are also an individual call.  I always carry
a hex-wrench that fits my brake-shoe adjustment bolt, but never the larger
one that actually removes the entire caliper.

       pump
       pressure gauge
       flat kit
       wrenches (sizes and type for your velo)
       hex(allen)-wrenches (sizes and type for your velo)
       chain tool
       chain links
       tire levers (plastic)
       spoke wrench
       safety wire
       duct tape
       zip ties

SPARES:
       Again, these fall into "distance from civilization" categories.
For example, that nut that connects your front mudguard to the forks
is essential, but could be fixed with the safety wire until you find a
velo-shop/store that might have a replacement.  Then again, one little
nut is easy on space/weight, and it may be hard to get a replacement if
your velos measurements are non-standard.  If you have a hard-time
finding a replacement for that random part at your local store, bring
one with you.

       inner tubes
       tire-boots
       brake shoes
       light bulbs
       spokes (labeled if different, tied to the frame)
       nuts and bolts for rack/fenders/etc.
       tire (if you're _really_ out there)
       toe-clip strap
       shoe-laces
       cable (especially if yours are longer than normal).
       cable housing (for the shimano special shifter ones)

NIFTY IDEAS:
       Here are some of the better inside tips that I found both
humorous and usefull....

[email protected] (Mike Johnston)
       A sock (to keep tools inside and for keeping grease off my hands
       during rear wheel flats)

[email protected] (Steve Kromer)
       The most important article to take along on a long ride
       seems to be faith.

[email protected] (chris rouch)
       15cm of old tyre

Robyn Stewart <[email protected]>
       Enough money to get Greyhound home if something goes terribly wrong.

[email protected]
       bungie cords - you never know when you might want to get that
       set of six beer mugs as a souvenir and transport it on the
       back of your bike.

[email protected] (Catherine Anne Foulston)
       ZAP Sport Towel.  I think it is really useful because you can
       get it wet and it still dries you.

------------------------------

Subject: 4.3  Taking a bike on Amtrak
From: Carlos Martin <[email protected]>

The following article relates my own experience in taking a bike
as luggage on the Amtrak in the summer of 1992.  It is intended to
offer advice to those who might choose to do the same, and is not
intended to reflect the views or policies of Amtrak.  For reference,
I traveled from Trenton to Pittsburgh at the start of a tour.

Traveling with a bike on Amtrak can be problem-free if you take a few
precautions.  Amtrak handles bikes at stations that check in baggage.
(Smaller stations and some trains don't check baggage at all.)
There is a $5 baggage fee for bikes, and it includes a box.  Call
the station several days before your trip and notify them that you
will need a bicycle box.

The box they provided was big enough to accomodate my relatively
long-framed touring bike (Specialized Expedition) without taking off
either wheel, and with room to spare lengthwise.  You will, however,
have to remove the pedals (even clipless ones) and turn the handlebars
to fit the bike in the box.  Plan on putting only the bike in the box -
no helmet or panniers.  (You may want to check with Amtrak on this point -
they may not cover damages to the bike if you packed other stuff
in the box.)

Before leaving home for the station, loosen your pedals and stem
enough to make sure you won't need heavy-duty tools at the station.
Plan to arrive at the station one and a half hours before departure
time - Amtrak wants all checked baggage at least a half hour before
departure (they may tell you one hour).  Don't forget to keep your
tools handy.

At the station, go to the baggage room, get your box and some tape
from the attendant, remove the pedals, and loosen the stem bolt and
the bolt that holds the handlebars in the stem.  Hold the front
wheel between your feet as you turn the handlebars parallel to the
top tube.  Roll the bike into the box and seal the ends.
If everything goes smoothly, you can do the above packing in
ten minutes.  Now go have lunch before you get on the train
unless you want to take your chances with train food.

BTW, the trains are very roomy and comfortable, particularly if
you are accustomed to traveling in airline cattle coaches.
I would travel by Amtrak again in a similar situation.
(The usual disclaimer applies:  I have no connection to Amtrak,
other than being a taxpaying subsidizer and occasional user
of the rail system.)

------------------------------

Subject: 4.4  Travel with bicycles - Air/Rail/Other
From:    George Farnsworth <[email protected]>

I checked the FAQ for information about taking bikes on common carriers
and riding in and out of airports some time ago.

At that time there was little information so I initiated a mini survey on
these subject on rec.bicycles.rides, etc.

Now I have collected information on cycling in and out of about 100
airports around the world and using trains in the US and Europe.

This information is at http://www.GFonline.ORG/BikeAccess.  Although the web
may have eclipsed the FAQ for certain purposes, it might still be possible
to provide a pointer to this data, almost all of which was contributed by
readers of r.b.r (who's email addresses appear in the listings).

------------------------------

Subject: 4.5  Warm Showers List
From:    Warm Showers List <[email protected]>
Date:    Wed, 05 Jan 2000 05:32:05 EST

The Warm Showers List is a list of Internet and off-Internet
persons who have offered their hospitality towards touring
cyclists. The extent of the hospitality depends on the host
and may range from simply a spot to pitch a tent to meals, a
warm (hot!) shower, and a bed.

This list works on the reciprocity formula. What this BIG word
means is simply this: if you want to use the list you have to
submit your name on it. If you don't have room but could still
help a cyclist, please add your name to the list.

The Warm Showers List is free.

If you wish to be included on the Internet Warm Showers List,
please fill the application form (if it is not included below
or in the separate file please ask for it) and return it through
one of these two manners:

by E-mail, to:  <[email protected]> (Roger Gravel)
by S-mail, to:  Warm Showers List
               50 Laperriere
                       Vanier (QUEBEC)
               Canada
                       G1M 2Y1

You can also apply through the bicycles related Internet page:
[ http://www.rogergravel.com/wsl/ ].

The whole of the FREE Warm Showers List can be obtained via
E-mail and S-mail but not at any Web site. A list of some
of the coordinates (i.e. Name of host, Email addresses,
City/Country/State) of some of the hosts are available to
everyone on Internet via this Web page:
[ http://www.rogergravel.com/wsl/vh_wwwsws.html ].

Keep in mind that if you want a hard copy of the list you will
have to pay for the postage stamps. Please contact me and we can
talk about the best way to implement this.

On behalf of the touring cyclists I thank you for your generosity.

Roger Gravel
<[email protected]>

Wisdom should be cherished as a means of traveling from youth
to old age, for it is more lasting than any other possession.
                         - Bias of Priene, circa 570 B.C., one
                           of the Seven Sages of ancient Greece.

-----------------------------------------------------------------
             It is as easy as 1 2 3 and it is FREE
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Because machines tend to break and people make mistakes, if I have
not answered your request in a few days, please send me a message,
I will try to correct the glitch as soon as possible.


=================================================================
98.08.01 PARTICIPATION FORM
=================================================================
Best read with Screen Format at Courier New 9
=================================================================
2000.01.05               PARTICIPATION FORM
=================================================================
Organization:      (name of organization)
EMAIL <address>    (For pre-trip communication)
Name:              (Who are you?)
Home phone:        and/or Work phone:
(non mandatory but the work phone can be helpful)
LOC:               (Non-Email Contact)
                  Address (line two)
                  Address (line three)
Nearest largest city (>50,000 people):
(It's much easier to find a large city on a map than a small one,
and some small ones aren't even on some maps!)

Direction and Distance from above city:
(Some cities are very large and getting through or around a city
can be very difficult.)

----------------------------Will provide:
SLEEP: Lawn (for tent or sleeping bag)?
SLEEP: Floor (for sleeping bag)?
SLEEP: Bed (Wow!)? (Cyclists' gotta sleep.)
Food? (or distance to nearest grocery store or restaurant - if known)
     (Cyclists' gotta eat.)
Shower? (or distance to nearest motel - if known)
       (It can be a real boost to know shower is waiting at the end of the
        day?)
Laundry facilities?
Local advice/help? (If you don't have room but could still help a cyclist)
   (You can provide as much, or as little, as you want.)

Availability: (If only available some months, please indicate this,
   otherwise 'year-round')

Cost to Cyclist: (Do you wish any money for your hospitality? if any: How
   much?) (please, no more than $5-$10)

Preferred Notice: (Do you require advance notice? If so, how many days
   (weeks) notice?)

Maximum Number of Cyclists: (You don't want a major tour coming through :-)

Storage: (Is there a safe place to store bikes? If so, storage for how many
   bikes?)

Motel:  (Distance, Cost - if known)
       (In case a host is not home, for an emergency, etc.)

Local Bike Shop: (Name, Phone, Distance, Reputation - if known)
                (In case bike repairs are needed -  good to know where good
                 shops are.)

Any additional comments you would like each interested person to know before
contacting you?

p.s. To allow the manager of the list to put your coordinates on the Web
page please make sure to include the following sentence :
ROGER, PLEASE PUT MY NAME, MY EMAIL ADDRESS AND THE
NAME OF MY TOWN ON THE WEB PAGE FOR EVERYONE TO SEE
in the body of your message.

Thank you.

=================================================================
Roger 'velo-hospitalite' Gravel
[email protected]

=================================================================

------------------------------

Subject: 4.6  Touring Europe Guide
From:    [email protected] (Bruce Hildenbrand)
Date:    Mon, 5 May 1997 22:30:56 -0700

               GUIDE to BICYCLE TOURING in EUROPE

This guide has been written in an effort to help prospective cyclists get the
maximum out of their European cycling experience.  It based on knowledge gleane
d
from my many European tours and those of others, most notably, Chris Wiscavage
who never gave me an incorrect piece of advice.

               WHY GO TO EUROPE?

It is important to set some sort of goal for your trip.  This can be as simple
as "I just want to have fun!" or, "I gotta get up the north side of the
Stelvio" .  For instance, in 1988 my goal was to see as much of the European
Alps as possible, particularly those passes that have played roles in major
European professional cycling races (Tour de France thing, Giro de Italia,
Tour de Suisse) as could be had in about three weeks US to US.

One thing that will be noticeably different to the American cyclist is the
respect that European drivers have for cyclists.  Cyclists get much more
respect in Europe then they do in America.


               SELF SUPPORTED or with a TOUR GROUP?

There are two basic ways you can tour Europe.  The first is to sign up with an
organized tour group.  The tour package usually includes lodging, meals, guide
service and transport of gear to and from each day's destination.  The other
basic option is to self plan a tour where you, or your small group of friends,
are responsible for lodging, meals, route selection and hauling your gear from
place to place.

The big advantage of guided touring is that you can benefit from the experience
of your touring company and its guides.  These people usually have a familiarit
y
with the area you will be visiting and they can make arrangements for decent
lodging, meals and cycling routes.  If you are new to traveling in Europe and/o
r
you cannot speak the language of the countries which you will be visiting, then
a guided tour may help ease the tension of being a stranger in a strange land.

One disadvantage to guided touring is that you are part of a heterogeneous grou
p
of people who may differ widely in cycling ability.  Also, there is no guarante
e
that everybody will get along and become friends.  Some may see the chance to
meet new people as a positive side to guided touring.

Another disadvantage to guided touring is that in most cases, hotel reservation
s
have been made in advance which means two things.  First, your daily route is
not particularly flexible since when you leave town A, you must be in town B
that evening.  Secondly, if the weather is bad, you usually do not have the
flexibility to layover and let the weather clear.  You either have to ride in
bad weather, which is a real drag in the high mountains, or take the support
vehicle or other forms of transportation to the night's destination.

Self-guided touring has the advantages that you can choose your companions,
you can choose the dates you want to travel and if you haven't made hotel
reservations in advance, you can vary your itinerary to meet your prevailing
attitudes and weather conditions.

The downside to self-guided touring is that you are basically on your own.
You make all the decisions.  If you are somewhat familiar with the area or
have down some research, you are more likely to make good choices of cycling
routes and places to stay.  However, every once and a while you may pick
an unfriendly town or a horribly busy road, both of which looked good on a map
or came recommended in a book.  Also, if you experience any equipment failure
you will be responsible for either making the repairs or finding someone who
can do them.  Most guided tours bring a mechanic and enough parts to be able
to handle most equipment problems.

This may seem counterintuitive, but I think the more ambitious the tour, the
better off you are doing it in a self-guided fashion.  If you are going to be
riding lots of miles with lots of climbing you want to know who you are going
with and also have the flexibility to be able to modify your route if something
happens.

Because I prefer self-guided touring, this guide is written with that type of
touring in mind.  However, I feel it contains enough valuable information for
those taking a guided tour to make it worthwhile reading for all potential
cyclo-tourists.


               LOGISTICS

               Airlines

When planning which flight to take, there are a few guidelines that may be
helpful.  I think the key here is that you want to go through customs and
change planes as close to your final destination as possible.  If you miss
a connection because of flight delays or custom delays, you have a better
chance of catching a flight out the same day.  Reasonable places to clear
customs are Chicago, Dallas/Ft. Worth, Atlanta, Washington DC and Newark.
New York's JFK is hit-or-miss.  I have had both very good luck and very bad
luck at JFK.

Also, allow 2-3 hours for making your international connections.  Most
airports have separate terminals for international and continental flights.
There may be some distance to be covered to make plane changes which may
result in either you or your baggage not making the flight if you cut the
connection time too closely.

I have had both good luck and bad luck with just about every major airline, so
I
think all carriers are basically OK.  One thing to note is that Delta Airlines
and United Airlines are smoke-free on every international flight.  Also,
Alitalia offers good fares to Italy but be forewarned that the workers for this
airline like to go on strike at very short notice.

Most airlines have beefed up their security on International flights, they now
verify that all passengers who checked luggage are on the flight.  This means
that every time you change planes you have security checks and potential delays