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Subject: OpenVMS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Part 6/9
Summary: This posting contains answers to frequently asked questions about
the OpenVMS operating system from HP, and the computer systems on
which it runs.
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Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu comp.os.vms:389892 comp.sys.dec:98154 vmsnet.alpha:12771 vmsnet.misc:6470 comp.answers:54092

DECwindows

o The system parameter WINDOW_SYSTEM is not set to
1. While this was a common way for system managers
to disable the DECwindows server startup, it is
not particularly reliable as DECwindows can now
"correct" this setting.

If you really do not want an OpenVMS system with
workstation hardware to bootstrap and configure
itself as a workstation, add the following
definition to SYLOGICALS.COM:

$ DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXEC DECW$IGNORE_WORKSTATION TRUE

o You may not have a valid DECwindows Motif license
loaded. To check for the two most common types of
Motif product authorization keys (PAKs), use the
following DCL commands:

$ LICENSE LIST DW-MOTIF/FULL
$ LICENSE LIST NET-APP-SUP*/FULL

and examine the information displayed. Make sure
that one of these licenses is present, valid and
active.

o Check that the DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM is
correct for the graphics controller in use. For
instance:

The following is from the 9FX Vision 330 Owners
Guide, EK-V330G-OG pg 2-9. Place the following in
DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM, creatibng .COM from
.TEMPLATE if necessary. Locate the DECW$PRIVATE_
SERVER_SETUP.COM file in SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR] or
in SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR] as appropriate; the former
file is used for this system within a cluster
configuration, and the latter is used for all
systems that do not also have a local copy of this
file in SYS$SPECIFIC:[SYSMGR].

$ DECW$XSIZE_IN_PIXELS == xvalue
$ DECW$YSIZE_IN_PIXELS == yvalue
$ DEFINE/SYSTEM DECW$SERVER_REFRESH_RATE rate_in_Hz

Also see Section 11.12. Details of the PowerStorm
3D30 and 4D20 settings are available in the OpenVMS
Ask The Wizard area.

11-7

DECwindows

__________________________________________________________
11.7 How do I set the title on a DECterm window?

If you are creating a new DECterm window, check

$ HELP CREATE /TERMINAL /WINDOW_ATTRIBUTES

If you want to change the title of an existing window,
use the following control sequences, where <esc> is the
ANSI escape code, value decimal 27, and "text label" is
what you want to display:

To set the DECterm title, send:

<esc>
]21;text label<esc>\

To set the icon label, send:

<esc>
]2L;text label<esc>\

To set both the DECterm title and icon to the full
device name:

$ esc[0,7] = 27
$ fulldevnam = F$Edit(F$GetDVI("TT","FULLDEVNAM"),"UPCASE,COLLAPSE")
$ write sys$output esc+ "]21;" + fulldevnam + esc + "\"
$ write sys$output esc+ "]2L;" + fulldevnam + esc + "\"

You can also change the title and the icon using the
Options-Window... menu.

Also see Section 12.1 and Section 8.11.

__________________________________________________________
11.8 How do I customize DECwindows, including the login screen?

To customize various DECwindows Motif characteristics
including the defaults used by the SET DISPLAY command,
the DECwindows login screen background logo used
(the default is the DIGITAL, Compaq, or HP logo),
various keymaps, the FileView defaults, session manager
defaults, the DECwindows login processing, DECwindows
log file processing, and various other DECwindows
attributes, see the example file:

$ SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.TEMPLATE

11-8

DECwindows

This example template file is typically copied over
to the filename SYS$COMMON:[SYS$STARTUP]DECW$PRIVATE_
APPS_SETUP.COM and then modified to meet site-specific
requirements.

Additionally, various X tools such as xsetroot, bitmap
and xrdb-some these can be useful in customizing the
appearance of an application or of the DECwindows Motif
display-are provided in the DECW$UTILS: area.

When using DECwindows V1.2-4 and later on OpenVMS
Alpha, the default desktop is the Common Desktop
Environment (CDE). You can select your preferred
desktop (CDE or DECwindows Motif) when logging in,
or you can change the default to the DECwindows
Motif desktop using the DCL symbol decw$start_new_
desktop in the DECwindows private application setup
command procedure. See SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_
SETUP.TEMPLATE for further details, and how to create
DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.COM.

Note that with DECwindows CDE, the root window is
no longer visible by default. The root window is
hidden behind the "backdrop" window of the current
CDE workspace. To make the root window visible, use the
CDE style manager selection "backdrop none", and use
information such as that in the OpenVMS FAQ to set the
root window.

To add a new backdrop to the DECwindows CDE
environment, the backdrop must first be in or be
converted into X11 pixmap format. (This conversion
is often possible using tools such as xv.) Then (if
necessary) create the default backdrop directory
SYS$COMMON:[CDE$DEFAULTS.USER.BACKDROPS]. Place the
X11 pixmap file containing the desired image into the
backdrops directory, ensure that it has a filename
extension of .PM. (The xv default filename extension
for the X11 pixmap file is .XPM, while CDE expects
only to see files with .PM.) Now invoke the CDE style
manager and select a new backdrop. You will find
your image will be placed at the end of the list of
backdrops available.

11-9

DECwindows

__________________________________________________________
11.9 Why doesn't XtAppAddInput() work on OpenVMS?

Yes, XtAppAddInput() does work on OpenVMS. The MIT
definition of the X Windows call XtAppAddInput()
includes platform-specific arguments.

On platforms where C is the typically the primary
programming language for the platform, the file
descriptor mask is one of the arguments to the
XtAppAddInput() call.

On OpenVMS, the platform-specific arguments to this
call include an event flag and an IOSB, as these are
the traditional OpenVMS constructs used to synchronize
the completion of asynchronous operations. While it
would be easier to port non-OpenVMS C code that calls
XtAppAddInput() over to OpenVMS if the arguments
included the C file descriptor, this would make the
call unusable from other OpenVMS languages, and would
make it extremely difficult to use OpenVMS features
such as ASTs and sys$qio calls.

One restriction on the event flag: the event flag
chosen must be from event flag cluster zero. When using
the traditional lib$get_ef and lib$free_ef calls to
allocate and deallocate event flags, you must first
explicitly call lib$free_ef to free up some event flags
in event flag cluster zero. Please see the event flag
documentation for specific details on these calls and
for specific event flags that can be freed in event
flag cluster zero.

Here is some example code that covers calling this
routine on OpenVMS:

11-10

DECwindows

m->InputID = XtAppAddInput(
m->AppCtx,
m->InputEF,
m->InputIosb,
the_callback, 1 );
if ( !((int) m->InputID ))
{
XtAppErrorMsg(
m->AppCtx,
"invalidDevice",
"XtAppAddInput",
"XtToolkitError",
"Can't Access Device",
(String *) NULL,
(Cardinal *) NULL );
...

__________________________________________________________
11.10 Why do the keyboard arrow keys move the DECwindows
cursor?

Congratulations, you have just stumbled into "dead
rodent" mode. This DECwindows environment-where the
keyboard arrow keys move the mouse cursor and where
the [SELECT], [PREV], and [NEXT] keys emulate the three
mouse buttons-allows rudimentary system operations when
the mouse is among the casualties.

To enter or exit "dead rodent" mode, enter the
following: <CTRL/SHIFT/F3>

__________________________________________________________
11.11 Why does half my DECwindows display blank?

This is likely a result of receiving an OPCOM or other
console message on a system that shares the system
console with the DECwindows graphics workstation
display.

You can toggle off the console display window using
<CTRL/F2> and you can enable a serial console per
Section 14.3.6 or Section 14.3.3.3.

11-11

DECwindows

Also see the console message window application
available with recent DECwindows versions-DECwindows
versions V1.2-3 and later will enable this window
by default. For details on this console message
window, see the DECW$CONSOLE_SELECTION option in
SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_APPS_SETUP.TEMPLATE.

On older releases, you can disable output using the
following:

$ SET TERMINAL/PERMANENT/NOBROADCAST OPA0:
$ DEFINE/USER SYS$COMMAND OPA0:
$ REPLY/DISABLE

Also see Section 14.3.3.2, Section 14.19, and Also see
Section 8.3,

__________________________________________________________
11.12 %DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this
system?

To resolve the following error:

%DECW-W-NODEVICE, No graphics device found on this system
-DECW-I-NODECW, DECwindows graphics drivers will not be loaded

o Ensure that the system parameter WINDOW_SYSTEM is
set to 1. If it is not set to a value of 1, issue
the commands:

$ run sys$system:sysgen
USE CURRENT
SET WINDOW_SYSTEM 1
WRITE ACTIVE
WRITE CURRENT
EXIT

Then reboot the system.

o On OpenVMS Alpha, ensure the SYSMAN IO PREFIX LIST
is set correctly, and specifically ensure the DECW$
prefix is included in the existing list. If it is
not, you will need to add it:

11-12

DECwindows

$ run sys$system:sysman
IO SHOW PREFIX
IO SET PREFIX=(DECW$,*) * = list returned by the show command
IO AUTO/LOG
EXIT

o Ensure that the image SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM.EXE is
installed in memory. If it is not installed, then
install it:

$ INSTALL LIST/FULL SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM
$ INSTALL REPLACE SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM
$ EDIT SYS$MANAGER:SYCONFIG.COM

$! The following line was added to install
$! support for the Mach64 Graphics Card
$!
$ INSTALL REPLACE SYS$SHARE:DECW$ICBM
$ ^Z

Then reboot the system.

The ICBM mechanism is not used on and not needed by
more recent DECwindows versions.

o If the system still complains "%DECW-W-NODEVICE, No
graphics device found on this system", then:

o Boot the system as normal

o Login as SYSTEM.

o Create the file SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$USER_
AUTOCONFIG.DAT. Protection must permit world read
access.

o Add the following string on the very first line:

CLEAR_PFLAG = ISA_4BYTE

o Save the file

o Set the file protections

$ SET PROTECTION=W:RE SYS$MANAGER:DECW$USER_AUTOCONFIG.DAT

o Reboot the system

Also see Section 11.6.

11-13

DECwindows

__________________________________________________________
11.13 How can I reset the warning bell volume?

With DECwindows CDE drivers and ECOs starting with ECOs
for the DECwindows keyboard driver SYS$IKBDRIVER.EXE
in OpenVMS Alpha V7.1-2 and V7.2-1 and with the
SYS$IKBDRIVER.EXE included in OpenVMS V7.2-1H1 and
later, the DECwindows CDE controls will now correctly
manage the setting of the warning bell volume.

Unfortunately, the equivalent controls in the older
DECwindows Motif interface are not compatible and can
no longer manage the warning bell volume.

If you need to manage the volume with DECwindows Motif,
consider using the following approach:

$ @decw$utils:decw$define_utils
$ xset b 1 100 100

The numerics are the volume, pitch, and duration,
respectively.

Why? When OpenVMS first started supporting the PC-style
keyboards, the X Windows Server and the keyboard driver
interface did not support the pitch and duration, and
neither did DECwindows Motif. The DECwindows keyboard
driver was accordingly changed to use the volume from
the keyclick setting (keyclick is not available in
a PC-style keyboard) and the bell volume setting to
control the pitch and duration.

DECwindows CDE does provide sliders for setting pitch
and duration, so the keyboard driver and X Windows
Server were modified to provide all of the information,
and now the DECwindows CDE sliders work. This change is
unfortunately incompatible with the old scheme used on
the pre-CDE desktops, and the volume controls are now
incompatible with the current keyboard drivers. Hence
the use of xset.

11-14

DECwindows

__________________________________________________________
11.14 How can I alter the DECwindows CDE backdrop?

To select a separate backdrop to be displayed on each
screen using DECwindows CDE:

o Click on the Application Manager. This is the drawer
icon on the CDE toolbar.

o Click on Desktop Tools

o Click on Set Default Screen and select the required
screen

o Click on the Style Manager. This is the one
containing the mouse and ttt on the CDE toolbar

o Now change the background.

__________________________________________________________
11.15 How can I enable the DECwindows TCP/IP Transport

To configure the TCP/IP transport for DECwindows,
first ensure that a TCP/IP package is installed and
configured. Then set the DCL symbol DECW$SERVER_
TRANSPORTS in SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_
SETUP.COM to the appropriate local value, based on
the comments in that file. If you do not have a copy of
SYS$STARTUP:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM, the use the
following COPY command to create this file based on the
provided template file:

$ COPY SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.TEMPLATE -
$_ SYS$COMMON:[SYSMGR]DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM

11-15

_______________________________________________________

12 Miscellaneous Information

__________________________________________________________
12.1 Where can I find information on escape and control
sequences?

Information on escape and control sequences can be
found in the OpenVMS I/O User's Reference Manual, in
the chapter on the terminal driver. The chapter also
includes details on the general format and content of
these sequences.

Specific details on the escape and control sequences
supported by a particular serial device are typically
found in the documentation provided with the specific
device. Information on the sequences supported by
DECwindows DECterm terminal emulator are included in
the DECwindows documentation.

Examples of common escape and control sequences-
those typically used by the OpenVMS screen management
package-can be found in the OpenVMS system file
SYS$SYSTEM:SMGTERMS.TXT.

The following refers to the function keys on the LK-
series keyboards found on the VT-series terminals such
as the VT220 and VT510, and the LK-series keyboards
found on the OpenVMS workstations, and the keyboards
found on compatible terminals. (Though note that the
keyboard itself does not generate the sequence, the
terminal or terminal emulator generates the sequence
in response to user input.) In the following, {CSI} is
decimal code 155 and can be replaced by the sequence
"{ESC}[" (without the quotes) particularly for seven-
bit operations, SS3 is decimal code 143 and can be
replaced by "{ESC}O" particularly for seven-bit
operations. Older VT1xx series terminals and any
other terminals operating with seven-bit characters
should not be sent eight-bit operators such as {CSI}
and {SS3}.

12-1

Miscellaneous Information

PF1={SS3}P PF2={SS3}Q PF3={SS3}R PF4={SS3}S
KP0={SS3}p KP1={SS3}q KP2={SS3}r KP3={SS3}s KP4={SS3}t KP5={SS3}u
KP6={SS3}v KP7={SS3}w KP8={SS3}x KP9={SS3}y KPCOMMA={SS3}l KPMINUS={SS3}m
KPPERIOD={SS3}n ENTER={SS3}M DNARROW={CSI}B UPARROW={CSI}A LFARROW={CSI}D
RTARROW={CSI}C FIND={CSI}1~ INSERT={CSI}2~ REMOVE={CSI}3~ SELECT={CSI}4~
PREV={CSI}5~ NEXT={CSI}6~ F6={CSI}17~ F7={CSI}18~ F8={CSI}19~ F9={CSI}20~
F10={CSI}21~ F11={CSI}23~ F12={CSI}24~ F13={CSI}25~ F14={CSI}26~
HELP={CSI}28~ DO={CSI}29~ F17={CSI}31~ F18={CSI}32~ F19={CSI}33~ F20={CSI}34~

An example of working with escape sequences (in DCL)
follows:

$ esc5m = "*[5m"
$ esc5m[0,8] = 27
$ esc0m = "*[0m"
$ esc0m[0,8] = 27
$ write sys$output esc5m + "blinking text" + esc0m

Documentation on an ANSI terminal relatively similar to
the VT525 series is available at:

o ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_prog/

o ftp://ftp.boundless.com/pub/text/adds/docs/260_user/

Also see the various documentation and manuals
available at:

o http://www.vt100.net/

Information on the ReGIS graphics character set is
available at:

o http://www.cs.utk.edu/~shuford/terminal/dec_regis_
news.txt

Also:

o http://www.boundless.com/Text_Terminals/VT/

Also see Section 11.7, Section 8.11.

12-2

Miscellaneous Information

__________________________________________________________
12.2 Does DECprint (DCPS) work with the LRA0 parallel port?

The parallel printing port LRA0: found on many
OpenVMS Alpha systems is capable of some bidirectional
communications, with enough for basic operations with
most parallel printers.

DECprint (DCPS) requires more than just the simple
handshaking provided by the LRA0: port, therefore DCPS
does not work with the LRA0: port.

__________________________________________________________
12.3 How do I check for free space on a (BACKUP) tape?

You cannot know for certain, though you can certainly
estimate the remaining capacity.

Tape media is different than disk media, as disks
have a known and pre-determined fixed capacity. Modern
disks also appear logically perfect, based on bad block
revectoring support and the extra blocks hidden within
the disk structure for these bad block replacements.

The capacity of tape media is not nearly as pre-
determined, and the capacity can vary across different
tape media (slightly different media lengths or
different foil markers or other variations, for
instance) and even on the same media over time (as bad
spots in the media arise). Tapes can vary the amount of
recording media required, depending on the remaining
length of the tape, the numbers of correctable and
uncorrectable media errors that might occur, the
numbers and sizes of the inter-record gaps and related
tape structure overhead, the particular media error
recovery chosen, the tape density, the efficiently of
any data compression in use, and the storage overhead
required by BACKUP, tar, and other similar commands.

BACKUP using with the default settings results in
approximately 15% overhead, in terms of saveset size.
(eg: Assuming a 500 KB input, the total size would be
575 KB.)

Assuming no compression:
4 GB media / 575 KB saveset = 7294 savesets

12-3

Miscellaneous Information

Assuming 1:2 compression:
8 GB media / 575 KB saveset = 14588 savesets

Note: There are no inter-record gaps on DAT tapes.
(When determining media capacity, you have to consider
these with nine-track magtape media. Not with DAT
(DDS). However, the block structure underneath
the variable length record recording is based on a
block size of circa 124 KB. Further, writing doubles
filemarks and such can cause a loss of up to the
underlying block size. Thus even though there are no
inter-record gaps on DAT, larger savesets are still
usually best.

The compression algorithms used on various devices are
generally not documented-further, there is no way to
calculate the effective data compression ratio, the
tape mark overhead, and similar given just the data
to be stored on tape-short of actually trying it, of
course.

A typical compression ratio found with "everyday" data
is somewhere around 1:1.8 to 1:2.

Note: OpenVMS often uses the term COMPACTION for
compression control, as in the qualifier /MEDIA_
FORMAT=COMPACTION.

__________________________________________________________
12.4 So what happened to sys$cmsuper?

There is no SYS$CMSUPR service.

The typical wisdom for getting into supervisor access
mode (from user mode) is to execute a routine in
executive mode (via a call to SYS$CMEXEC and the
appropriate privilege) and then issue a SYS$DCLAST with
the ASTADR parameter pointing to your routine entry
point and the ACMODE parameter specified as PSL$C_
SUPER.

Alternatively, you can reset mode in the call stack
return path and unwind from executive or kernel out
into supervisor mode.

12-4

Miscellaneous Information

__________________________________________________________
12.5 Correctly using license PAKs and LMF?

If you have multiple LMF$LICENSE.LDB databases in
your OpenVMS Cluster, then each and every PAK must
be installed in each and every license database present
in an OpenVMS Cluster. Even if you use /EXCLUDE or
/INCLUDE, you need to have a consistent set of PAKs
registered across all licensing databases present in
the OpenVMS Cluster.

If your software license permits it, you can use the
following two commands to transfer license PAKs:

$ LICENSE COPY...
$ LICENSE ISSUE/PROCEDURE/OUTPUT=file product,...

To display the particular license(s) required (such as
when you receive a NOLICENSE error), use the following
DCL sequence:

$ SET PROCESS/PRIVILEGE=ALL
$ REPLY/ENABLE
$ DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGE

This logical name will cause all license failures
to generate OPCOM messages, and this will hopefully
show which license(s) you need- there may well also
be additional license failures displayed, as various
products can check for and can be enabled by multiple
license PAKs. You will want to deassign this logical
name when done.

Some of the more common license PAKs:

DECnet Phase IV: DVNETRTG, DVNETEND, DVNETEXT, or NET-APP-SUP*
DECnet-Plus: DVNETRTG, DVNETEND, DVNETEXT, or NET-APP-SUP*
TCP/IP Services: UCX, or NET-APP-SUP*
OpenVMS Alpha: OPENVMS-ALPHA and OPENVMS-ALPHA-USER
OpenVMS VAX: VAX-VMS
OpenVMS Galaxy: OPENVMS-GALAXY
Cluster (Alpha): VMSCLUSTER, NET-APP-SUP*
Cluster (VAX): VAXCLUSTER, NET-APP-SUP*

12-5

Miscellaneous Information

Various NET-APP-SUP (NAS) license packages are
available, each with differing collections of products
authorized. See the various NAS Software Product
Description (SPD) documents for specific details.

o http://www.compaq.com/info/spd/
OpenVMS typically uses SPD 25.01.xx and/or SPD
41.87.xx.

To determine which license PAK is failing (via a
license check failure OPCOM message), use the command:

$ DEFINE/SYSTEM/EXECUTIVE LMF$DISPLAY_OPCOM_MESSAGE TRUE

Realize that defining this logical name will
cause license checks that are otherwise hidden
(unimplemented, latent, or part of a check for any
of a series of licenses) to become visible. In other
words, expect to see some spurious license check calls
when you define this.

For information on PAKGEN and on generating license
PAKs, please see Section 10.10.

12-6

_______________________________________________________

13 Finding and using Software

__________________________________________________________
13.1 Where can I find freeware/shareware/software for OpenVMS?

o Details on many commercial OpenVMS products are
available in the catalog located at:

o http://www.compaq.com/csa/directory/

o An OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM is distributed with
OpenVMS, and is also available separately (QA-6KZAA-
H8). The contents of the OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM
media are also available online at:

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/

o ftp://ftp.montagar.com/

o ftp://mvb.saic.com/freewarev40/

and at various other sites. The website also
includes various updates and new packages that
become available after the CD-ROM distributions
are created.

Submissions to the OpenVMS Freeware can be made
via:

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/openvms/freeware/

To acquire the OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM distribution,
you can order an OpenVMS distribution from HP (the
Freeware is included)(see the OpenVMS SPD for part
numbers), or you can specifically order a Freeware
distribution from HP under part number:

o QA-6KZAA-H8

The Freeware CD-ROM set contains a large assortment
of freeware, and is a good starting point if looking
for utilities. Many of the packages listed below
are also on the Freeware CD. Some of the most oft-
requested OpenVMS tools on the Freeware CD include
ZIP and UNZIP and GZIP (please see SOFT14), MMK

13-1

Finding and using Software

(make), PINE, PERL, TAR, UUENCODE and UUDECODE. Many
other tools are available on the Freeware.

o The UUENCODE and UUDECODE tools and various
other tools are also available as part of TCP/IP
Services package. (Use the DCL command procedure
SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DEFINE_COMMANDS.COM available on
V5.0 and later to set up the necessary DCL foreign
command symbols used for these and for various other
tools provided by TCP/IP Services.)

o OpenVMS software (formerly at Western Kentucky
University (WKU) is now available via Madgoat and
via Process Software archives:

o http://www.process.com/openvms/index.html

o http://www.madgoat.com/

o The FILESERV packages are also available via
anonymous FTP from:

o ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/

o ftp.process.com, under [.WKU.VMS.FILESERV].

o ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se, under
[.MIRRORS.WKU.VMS.FILESERV].

o ftp.ctrl-c.liu.se, under [.WKU.VMS.FILESERV].

o ftp.riken.go.jp

o ftp.vsm.com.au, under kits and kits/decwindows.

o ftp.vsm.com.au, via the WWW instead of FTP.

The packages are also available via e-mail from
[email protected]. Send the commands HELP and
DIR ALL in the body of a mail message to this email
address for further information on retrieving the
files.

o Arne Vajh�j operates an OpenVMS website, with
software and other pointers, at:

o http://www.levitte.org/~ava/

13-2

Finding and using Software

o Jouk maintains a summary of various public-domain
and open-source software ports, and specifically
ports of packages for use on OpenVMS, at:

o http://nchrem.tnw.tudelft.nl/openvms/

o The Kermit file transfer package is available at:

o http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/

o ftp://kermit.columbia.edu/

o ZMODEM is available at:

o ftp://ftp.cs.pdx.edu/pub/zmodem

See the FILES file in that directory for further
details. Note that this freeware version of ZMODEM
will interoperate only with ZMODEM software that is
licensed from Omen Technology. (This package is also
available on various of the Freeware distributions.)

o A good source of software for OpenVMS systems
and for various other platforms is the Encompass
(formerly known as DECUS) library. Online catalogs
are available as well as some software via

o ftp://ftp.decus.org

o gopher://gopher.decus.org/

o http://www.decus.org/

o DECUS SIG Tape collections are available on Mark
Berryman's system,

o ftp://mvb.saic.com/

o David Jones's DECthreads-based HTTP_SERVER World-
Wide Web server for OpenVMS, often known as the OSU
webserver:

o http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-
state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html

o Secure Shell (SSH) Server for OpenVMS:

o http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/~JONESD/ssh/DOC/

Secure Shell (SSH) FISH Client for OpenVMS:

o http://www.free.lp.se/fish/

Information on OpenSSL (SSLeay) for OpenVMS:

13-3

Finding and using Software

o http://www.free.lp.se/openssl/

o http://www.free.lp.se/fish/

Information on OpenSSL (SSLeay) and OSU Web server
interoperation:

o http://www.ourservers.net/openvms_ports/

OpenSSL is included with OpenVMS V7.3-1 and later.

o DECwindows Motif V1.2-3 includes NCSA Mosaic 2.4
built for TCP/IP Services (UCX). V1.2-4 includes
Spyglass Enhanced Mosaic, which supports many of
the Netscape enhancements. Versions of the Netscape
Navigator and particularly the Mozilla Web Browser
are also available for OpenVMS. The Compaq Secure
Web Browser (CSWB) kit is a packaged version of the
Mozilla.org Mozilla Web Browser. <(CSWB)

o A port of the NCSA Mosaic web browser that supports
TCP/IP Services, Multinet and SOCKETSHR/NETLIB is
available from:

o ftp://wvnvms.wvnet.edu/mosaic/

Versions of the Mosaic web browser are also
available on the Freeware.

o Lynx (a character-cell World-Wide-Web web browser)
is available from

o ftp://ftp2.cc.ukans.edu/pub/lynx

Versions of Lynx, a character-cell web browser, are
also available on the OpenVMS Freeware.

o The Netscape Navigator and Mozilla web browsers are
available at:

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html

o http://www.mozilla.org/

o PGP (Phil Zimmerman's "Pretty Good Privacy") is
available from various distribution sites, including
those listed in the PGP FAQ. Information on PGP and
on OpenVMS downloads of PGP is available. Relevant
URLs include:

o http://www.ipgpp.org/

13-4

Finding and using Software

o http://web.mit.edu/network/pgp.html

o http://www.pgpi.com/

o http://www.yrl.co.uk/~phil/pds/pds.html

o http://www.nai.com/

o GNU Privacy Guard (GPG, GnuPG) is available.

Search the comp.os.vms newsgroup archives for
information regarding GnuPG; the source code,
binaries for various platforms, and documentation
are all available at:

o http://www.gnupg.org/

The OpenVMS source code and OpenVMS Alpha images can
be found at:

o http://saf.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/openvms/

o ftp://ftp.process.com/vms-freeware/mathog/

As of this writing, the port only runs on OpenVMS
Alpha, but an investigation of an OpenVMS VAX port
is reportedly under consideration.

o An archive of the CENA DECwindows, X Windows, and
VMS software packages can be found at the following
sites:

o http://decwarch.free.fr/

o ftp://ftp2.cnam.fr/decwindows/

o ftp://ftp.ctrl-c.liu.se/decwindows/

o ftp://ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se/mirrors/decwindows/

o http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/

Other FTP mirror sites for the DECwindows archive
include:

o axp.psl.ku.dk (Multinet)

o ftp2.cnam.fr (MadGoat)

ftp.x.org (in /contrib/vms) is effectively not a
mirror, but it does have various OpenVMS packages
from the DECwindows archive.

A list of the http mirror sites for the DECwindows
archive is available at:

13-5

Finding and using Software

o http://axp616.gsi.de:8080/wwwar/cena/decwindows/cena.html

Various of these packages are also available on the
Freeware.

o ImageMagick is an X11 package for display and
interactive manipulation of images. The package
includes tools for image conversion, annotation,
compositing, animation, and creating montages.
ImageMagick can read and write many of the more
popular image formats (e.g. JPEG, TIFF, PNM, XPM,
Photo CD, etc.).

o http://www.imagemagick.org/

Versions of ImageMagick are also included on the
Freeware.

o XV is a image viewing and editing tool and is
available from:

o ftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/xv

o http://www.sanface.com/

o ftp://www-pi.physics.uiowa.edu/~dyson/xv/

o Many software packages are available for displaying
various bitmap files (.JPG, .GIF, .BMP, etc) on
OpenVMS. Xloadimage, Xli, Xv, ImageMagick are the
most common tools used under OpenVMS. Various web
browsers such as Mozilla (qv) can also display
various file formats on OpenVMS. You can find some
of these tools at the DECwindows Archive:

o http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/index.html

o http://www.multimania.com/pmoreau/decw/images.html

o GHOSTSCRIPT (gs) and GHOSTVIEW (gv) are available
from:

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/freeware50/

Versions are also available on the Freeware.

Also see:

o http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gnu/

13-6

Finding and using Software

o XPDF, a viewer for PDF (Adobe Acrobat) files, is
available from:

o http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/

Also available on the Freeware.

Beware: the XPDF tool included on OpenVMS Freeware
V4.0 is dated, and has been found to have various
bugs. Use the Freeware V5.0 version of the XPDF kit,
or later.

A Java-based PDF viewer is available from Adobe,
and is known to operate on recent OpenVMS Alpha
releases:

o http://www.adobe.com/

o Various OpenVMS-related tools-both freeware and
shareware-such as txt2pdf-are available from at:

o http://www.sanface.com/

o The MPEG library version 1.1 is available for
OpenVMS VAX and Alpha at

o ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.readme

o ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/mpeglib-11-vms.zip

Various MPEG players and related tools are available
on the Freeware.

o An Archie clone is available at INFO.CS.PUB.RO.
Telnet to that machine, and login as VMSARCI. It
contains now listings for over 30 ftp servers with
over 14 gigabytes of OpenVMS software.

The most useful commands are LIST, which generates a
list of scanned ftp servers, and FIND string, whichs
looks for a file containing "string" in the name;
the search modes are only "substring" [default] and
"exact", and regex search is not supported (so FIND
EMACS will work, but FIND *EMACS* or FIND *EMACS*.*
will not). The search is case-insensitive.

The maintainer of the site ([email protected])
requests that anyone submit notifications of FTP
servers with OpenvMS software that are not listed on
the site.

13-7

Finding and using Software

o The Levitte (extended :-) Family (and OpenVMS)
website:

o http://www.levitte.org/

o http://www.levitte.org/~ava/

o Robert Alan Byer's OpenVMS Hobbyist Systems,
including OpenVMS public domain software and various
ports:

o http://www.ourservers.net/

o CalTech Software Archives:

o http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/AAA_
CONTENTS.TXT

o DJE Systems Website (David J. Dachtera)

o http://www.djesys.com/freeware/vms/

o Web Servers:

Apache Web server (HP (Compaq) Secure Web Server
(CSWS)):

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html

o http://www.er6.eng.ohio-
state.edu/~jonesd/apache/1_3_9/

The SOAP Toolkit is available at the OpenVMS
website.

OSU Web server

o http://www.er6.eng.ohio-
state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html

o http://www.kjsl.com/archives/

o email list: [email protected]

WASD Web server

o http://wasd.vsm.com.au/wasd/

Purveyor Web server:

o email list: [email protected], no
subject, one line message: SUBSCRIBE PURVEYOR

FastCGI software is available from:

o http://www.DigitalSynergyInc.com/

13-8

Finding and using Software

o CD-R (CD-Recordable) media tools are available,
please see Section 9.7.

o Grace (WYSIWYG 2D plotting tool)

o http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/

o The POV-Ray ("Persistance of Vision" Raytracer) ray-
tracing graphics package is available on the OpenVMS
Freeware.

o Majordomo mailing list handler:

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html

o PINE (OpenVMS tools for sending and receiving MIME
mail):

o ftp://ftp2.kcl.ac.uk/pub/vms/pine-vms/

o http://www.agh.cc.kcl.ac.uk/files/vms/pine-vms/

A MIME tool is available in OpenVMS V7.2 and later.

Also see the mmencode base64 encode and decode
available at:

o http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/htbin/software_
list.cgi

o Menufinder (menu-driven system management
environment):

o http://www.itre.com/mf/download.html

o SYSLOGCLIENT (a client for processing SYSLOG
requests) has been provided for download by Mark
Hemker at:

o http://home.insightbb.com/~hemker/vms.html

o tcgmsg, pvm, mpi, linda:

o ftp://v36.chemie.uni-konstanz.de/tcgmsg_
vms/tcgmsg_vms.zip

o OpenVMS software that can control a Tripp-Lite
Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) is available
from:

o http://seqaxp.bio.caltech.edu/pub/SOFTWARE/TCONTROL.ZIP

13-9

Finding and using Software

UPShot web-based software for controlling a UPS is
available from:

o http://www.tmesis.com/apc/beta.htmlx

OpenVMS software for controlling Liebert UPS devices
are available from the Liebert website:

o http://www.liebert.com/apc/beta.htmlx

o Examples of using the OpenVMS Foreign MAIL interface
are available at:

o http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/collection/foreignmail.zip

o http://www.hhs.dk/anonymous/pub/vms/nbl/nbl.zip

o For tools to manage or to search your OpenVMS MAIL
file, see:

o http://vms.process.com/scripts/fileserv/fileserv.com?MLSEARCH

o AscToHTM attempts to convert any plain text file to
HTML, while AscToTab restricts itself to files that
are plain text tables. (Versions are also availabe
on the OpenVMS Freeware).

o http://www.jafsoft.com/asctohtm/index.html

o http://www.jafsoft.com/asctotab/index.html

o Information on the SAMBA package, a package that
provides SMB-based Microsoft Windows PC disk and
print services for OpenVMS, is available at:

o http://ifn03.ifn.ing.tu-bs.de/ifn/sonst/samba-
vms.html

o http://www.samba.org/

To subscribe to the SAMBA-VMS mailing list e-mail
[email protected] with no subject line and the
following single line of text:

subscribe samba-vms Your Full Name

Also see:

o http://lists.samba.org/

o The Perl language is available for OpenVMS, see
Section 13.10 for details.

13-10

Finding and using Software

o XML is available for OpenVMS.

Source code of an XML Parser is available from
Oracle.

Also see:

o http://www.python.org/sigs/xml-sig/

An XML parser is available as part of OpenVMS V7.3
and later.

o GTK+ (The GIMP GUI Tookit) for OpenVMS:

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html

o The OpenVMS Porting Library now available, and
is intended to permit easier porting of C and C++
applications from UNIX systems to OpenVMS:

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/ebusiness/Technology.html

GTK is also available.

o Mlucas (specialized FFT):

o ftp://hogranch.com/pub/mayer/README.html

o Tools to monitor the terminals and the activity
of other OpenVMS users (in addition to existing
auditing capabilities in OpenVMS) are available.
Peek and Spy (Networking Dynamics) and Contrl
(Raxco) are two of the commercial packages, while
the freeware Supervisor package is available on
OpenVMS VAX.

o http://www.networkingdynamics.com/

o http://www.raxco.com/

o Python for OpenVMS:

o http://www.python.org/

Also see the OpenVMS Freeware.

o Various packages for OpenVMS:

o http://richj.home.mindspring.com/richware/index.html

o http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/links/cool_vax_
vms.html

13-11

Finding and using Software

o TSM (Terminal Server Manager) is available via:

o http://www.compaq.com/support/digital_networks_
archive/servers/tsm/index.html

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/freeware50/

o Beware: The TSM saveset shipped on the Freeware
V5.0 disk media is busted. Download a new copy of
the saveset from the Freeware website.

o TCL for OpenVMS:

o ftp://sapodilla.rsmas.miami.edu/pub/VMS-tcl/

o make, gmake, mmk and other build tools are available
on the Freeware.

o An OpenVMS port of the ht://Dig web search engine is
available at:

o ftp://ftp.pdv-systeme.de/vms/

o A mySQL database client is available at:

o http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL-
3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.zip

o http://mysql.holywar.net/Downloads/MySQL-
3.22/mysql-3.22.25-clients-vms.readme

For additional information related to the mySQL
port, please search the comp.os.vms newsgroup
archives.

o If you need to change the file modification date
and are looking for a utility such as the UNIX touch
tool, look at DFU on the OpenVMS Freeware (DFU SET
or simular), or use an existing DCL commands such
as:

$ SET FILE/PROTECT=(current_protection_mask) [...]*.*

o A table listing translations between UNIX shell and
OpenVMS DCL commands was posted to comp.os.vms by
Christopher Smith some time ago. This page should be
available from the google newsgroup archives.

13-12

Finding and using Software

o The UNIX touch tool is available via various means:

$ RENAME filename.ext;version *

o http://nucwww.chem.sunysb.edu/helplib/@hvmsapps/TOUCH

MadGoat FILE tool (see the MadGoat archives)

o use /REVISION_DATE or /CREATION_DATE

The DFU tool (see the OpenVMS Freeware)

The pair:

$ set file 'p1' /acl=(ident=[system],access=none)
$ set file 'p1' /acl=(ident=[system],access=none) /delete

$ SET FILE/VERSION=0

The following hack:

$! Command procedure SETDATE.COM
$!
$! Changes the DATES for an input file to a
$! file named OUTFILE.
$!
$assign/nolog 'p1' outfile
$convert/fdl=sys$input 'p1' outfile:
date
creation 01-apr-2010
expiration 01-Apr-2012
revision 01-Apr-2011
backup
...

The following RMS system service sequence:

o sys$open(), with the XABRDT XAB structure chained.

o set the desired values within the XABRDT XAB.

o sys$close()

13-13

Finding and using Software

__________________________________________________________
13.2__Where_can_I_find_UNIX_tools for OpenVMS?

13.2.1 POSIX-compliant versions of POSIX routines and utilities

lex, yacc, grep, tar, uuencode, uudecode, rcs, man,
cpio, make, awk, ar, mail, etc., the POSIX shell, the
POSIX C programming interface, etc.

POSIX utilities can be used from within the POSIX
shell, and via the DCL `POSIX/RUN POSIX$BIN:tool.'
command.

POSIX is a separately-installed package, and
is licensed with OpenVMS V5.5 later. The POSIX
installation kit is included on the consolidated
distribution CD-ROM kit, and installation kits are
also available separately.

The POSIX package is no longer supported on OpenVMS,
components of the POSIX standard such as parts of the
POSIX API are being added into OpenVMS. Versions of
POSIX generally do not operate on V7.x OpenVMS VAX and
OpenVMS Alpha releases.

_____________________________
13.2.2 C system and library routines

Common C system and library routines are present in the
DEC C run-time library, which is available for V5.5 and
later, and is shipped in V6.1 and later. DEC C is the
upgrade for VAX C, DEC C and VAX C can coexist on the
same system OpenVMS VAX system, and both compilers can
be enabled via the "C" license PAK.

Also see SYS$EXAMPLES:, and (if either is installed)
the DECW$EXAMPLES: and TCPIP$EXAMPLES (or prior to
V5.0, UCX$EXAMPLES:) areas.

_____________________________
13.2.3 X Windows utilities and routines

Various X Windows utilities are available for
DECwindows. DECwindows is an implementation of the X
Windows environment and libraries, and provides various
libraries, and provides various desktop interfaces,
including COE, Motif, and XUI.

13-14

Finding and using Software

xwd, xev, mosaic web browser, xrdb, bmtoa and atobm,
xpr, ico, etc. are available. Look in DECW$UTILS:
in DECwindows Motif V1.2-3 and later. Also see
DECW$EXAMPLES: for example X and C programs.

Miscellaneous tools and examples are also available.
Examples include the older DWAUTH (X Windows SYSUAF
authorize-like tool) tool, various versions of grep,
fgrep, yacc, vmstar, uuencode, gawk, etc. html tools,
the mx SMTP mail exchange package, X windows flight
simulator, the mxrn X windows news reader, the OSU
HTTPD WWW server, a WWW gopher browser, etc. are all on
the various Freeware distributions.

_____________________________
13.2.4 TCP/IP Tools and Utilities for OpenVMS?

TCP/IP Services (formerly known as UCX) contains tools
such as ping, uuencode, smtp, snmp, rcp, nfs, tnfs,
etc.

OpenVMS V6.2 and later includes DCL-integrated support
for various IP tools, with commands such as SET
HOST/TELNET, and COPY/FTP. This interface requires
the installation of an IP stack, and UCX V3.3 and later
as well as any current third-party IP stack can be
used. Once the IP stack is installed and configured,
the DCL command qualifiers such as /FTP, /RCP, /RLOGIN,
/TELNET, and /TN3270 are available on the various DCL
commands.

Various C programming examples in TCPIP$EXAMPLES and
(on releases prior to V5.0) in UCX$EXAMPLES:.

_____________________________
13.2.5 The vi text editor

vile, vim and elvis are all clones of the vi text
editor, and all operate on OpenVMS.

Versions of vile are available on the Freeware and at:

o http://www.clark.net/pub/dickey/vile/vile.html

13-15

Finding and using Software

vim: vi improved

o http://www.polarfox.com/vim/

_____________________________
13.2.6 Various GNU tools

Information on the GNU on VMS (GNV) Project, which
aims to port GNU software (bash, flex, bison, etc) to
OpenVMS, is available at:

o http://gnv.sourceforge.net/

Software info:

o http://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/software/

Software archive:

o ftp://vms.gnu.ai.mit.edu/gnu-vms/software/

Various GNU tools are also available on the Freeware.

_____________________________
13.2.6.1 GCC compiler

A mirror for work performed at the ProGIS company in
Germany in porting GCC (GNU C) to OpenVMS Alpha and
OpenVMS VAX is available at:

o ftp://vms.gnu.org/progis_mirror/gcc

o http://www.levitte.org/~ava/vms_gnu.htmlx

o ftp://ftp.caltech.edu/pub/rankin/

There are also updated header files for GCC on OpenVMS
VAX that allow it to work with TCP/IP Sockets and the
HP C RTL at:

o ftp://ftp.qsl.net/pub/wb8tyw/gcc281_u/

The HP C compiler and other development tools are
part of the OpenVMS Hobbyist licensing program for
non-commercial users, and these and other tools are
available to commercial developers via the HP DSPP
partner program. (See Section 2.14 for information on
DSPP.)

13-16

Finding and using Software

_____________________________
13.2.7 Console Management Options

Some of the available console management options for
OpenVMS:

o http://www.robomon.com/ (Heroix)

o http://www.ki.com/products/clim/ (KI Products)

o http://www.globalmt.com/ (Global Maintech)

o http://www.tditx.com/ (TECsys)

o http://www.cai.com/products/commandit.htm (CA)

__________________________________________________________
13.3 Where can I get the Mozilla Web Browser?

Mozilla.org is an open source organization providing
HTML-related tools; software that is the basis for
various utilities including the Mozilla web browser.

OpenVMS Engineering is continuously porting
Mozilla.org's web browser to OpenVMS, and OpenVMS ports
of the current Mozilla baselevels and releases are
available. The OpenVMS Mozilla port includes the web
browser, the mail client, the Composer HTML editor, an
IRC chat client, a netnews (NNTP) reader, and various
other tools.

The Mozilla web browser download and the development
and release schedules for this and for other Mozilla-
related tools are available at:

o http://www.mozilla.org/

The available Compaq Secure Web Browser (CSWB) kit is a
packaged version of the Mozilla Web Browser.

A hardware configuration appropriate for Mozilla
generally involves an OpenVMS Alpha system with an
EV56 Alpha microprocessor, or an EV6 or more recent
processor, and with 256 megabytes of system memory.
The performance of Mozilla on EV5-based and earlier
Alpha microprocessor systems is generally viewed as
inadequate, this due to the extensive use of an Alpha
instruction subset that is first available with the
EV56 microprocessor generation.

13-17

Finding and using Software

Mozilla is not available for OpenVMS VAX.

Various versions of the Netscape Navigator web browser
are based on the Mozilla code-base.

See section Section 13.8 for information on various
certificates for the Netscape Navigator V3.03 web
browser; certificates that have presently expired.

__________________________________________________________
13.4 Where can I get Java for OpenVMS?

Java is available on and is included with OpenVMS
Alpha, starting with the OpenVMS Alpha V7.2 and later
releases. Java download kits are available for OpenVMS
Alpha V7.1 and later releases.

Java is not available on OpenVMS VAX. As for why: the
Java language definition requires a floating point
format (IEEE) that is not native to VAX, and this would
require the emulation of all floating point operations
within Java applications. Further, the C source code
used to implement for Java itself is heavily dependent
on passing IEEE floating point values around among the
many internal subroutines, and adding support for VAX
would entail changes to the HP C compiler for OpenVMS
VAX-and specifically to the VAX VCG code generator that
is used by HP C on OpenVMS VAX systems-in order to add
support for passing IEEE-format floating point doubles
around. Alternatively, extensive changes to the Java
source code to remove the assumption that the double is
an IEEE floating point value.

There are currently no plans to make a version of Java
available for OpenVMS VAX. (A prototype version of Java
was created for OpenVMS VAX, and performance was found
to be inadequate. At best.)

If Java2 or other environment lifts the requirements
for IEEE floating point as part of the language
definition, this decision may be revisited.

If you are having problems with Display Postscript, you
need to upgrade your Java kit-1.2.2-3 and later remove
the requirement for Display Postcript extensions, and
Java 1.2.2-3 is required with DECwindows V1.2-6 and
later.

13-18

Finding and using Software

For additional information on Java for Alpha systems,
please see the OpenVMS documentation (V7.2 and later),
and the following site:

o http://www.compaq.com/java/alpha/index.html

HP (Compaq) Secure Web Server (CSWS) includes CSWS_
JAVA, which provides the following Apache Tomcat
technologies: JavaServer Pages 1.1, Java Servlet 2.2,
and MOD_JK. (CSWS is based on the Apache web server.
See SOFT1.)

__________________________________________________________
13.5 Obtaining user input in DCL CGI script?

If you choose to use the GET method, then the form
data is available in the DCL symbol QUERY_STRING, in
URL-encoded format.

If you use the POST method, then you need to read the
form data from stdin. For a DCL CGI script running
under the Netscape FastTrack web server, you can read
the data using the following READ command:

$ READ SYS$COMMAND postdata

to read the information in.

The following describes the use of DCL command
procedures as CGI scripts with the OSU web server:

o http://www.levitte.org/~ava/cgiscripts_other.htmlx

DCL CGI is also discussed in the Writing Real Programs in DCL
book, and in the Ask The Wizard website.

__________________________________________________________
13.6 How can a batch job get its own batch entry number?

To have a batch procedure retrieve its own batch entry
number, use the following:

$ Entry = F$GETQUI("DISPLAY_ENTRY", -
"entry_number","display_entry","this_job")

13-19

Finding and using Software

Remember that the entry numbers issued by the OpenVMS
Job Controller are always opaque longword values. Do
not assume you know the format of the entry number,
nor the range of entry numbers you might see, nor the
algorithm that is used to assign enty numbers. You
should simply assume opaque longword.

__________________________________________________________
13.7 How do I convert to new CMS libraries?

A change was made to the format of the CMS database
for CMS libraries starting with V3.5-03-to ensure
that earlier versions of CMS are unable to access the
database once the "conversion" to V3.5-05 and later is
made, you must issue the following two commands when
upgrading from V3.5-03 and prior. (The only differences
between CMS version V3.5-03 and CMS version V3.5-05
involve changes to ensure that np earlier version of
CMS can access the "converted" database.)

To perform the "conversion", issue the following
commands for each CMS library present:

$ RENAME disk:[directory]00CMS.* 01CMS.*
$ COPY NLA0: disk:[directory]00CMS.CMS

The new file 00CMS.CMS must have the same security
settings as the 01CMS.CMS file, and is created solely
to ensure continued compatibility with tools that
expect to find a 00CMS.CMS file (eg: various versions
of the Language-Sensitive text editor LSEDIT).

If you choose to install and use the longer variant
names support that is available with CMS V4.1 or later,
you cannot mix earlier CMS versions within a cluster.
If you attempt to mix older and newer versions, you
will typically see the following BADLIB and BADTYPSTR
error sequence when accessing the CMS library from the
older CMS versions:

%CMS-F-BADLIB, there is something wrong with your library
-CMS-F-BADTYPSTR, header block type is 145; it should be 17

Please see the CMS V4.1 release notes for additional
details on this.

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__________________________________________________________
13.8 Where can I get new certificates for Netscape Navigator?

The URLs that are available for adding or updating root
certificates are:

o http://www.entrust.net/customer/generalinfo/import.htm
entrust

o http://www.thawte.com/ thwate

o https://www.verisign.com/server/prg/browser/root.html
verisign

To update certificates in Netscape Navigator V3.03 on
OpenVMS, use the following:

Thawte Server certificate which expired in 1998:

1 Under the Options Menu choose "Security
Preferences..."

2 Select the "Site Certificates" tab

3 Select "Thawte Server CA" in the list of
certificates

4 Select "Delete Certificate" and then "OK"

5 Go to http://www.thawte.com/serverbasic.crt

6 Follow the instructions on the popup dialog box
to accept the certificate This involves hitting
the "Next" button and clicking an accept button,
and then naming the resulting certificate. The
certificate is usually named with the same name
as the original.

VeriSign/RSA Server certificate which expired 31-Dec-
1999:

1 Under the Options Menu choose "Security
Preferences..."

2 Select the "Site Certificates" tab

3 Select "Verisign/RSA Secure Server CA" in the list
of certificates

4 Select "Delete Certificate" and then "OK"

5 Go to https://www.verisign.com/server/prg/browser/root.html

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6 Follow the instructions on the popup dialog box to
accept the certificate This involves hitting the
"Next" button and clicking an accept button, and
then naming the resulting certificate. Verisign
suggests using the name "VeriSign CA".

__________________________________________________________
13.9 Why doesn't DCL symbol substitution work?

The DCL symbol substitution processing occurs only
at the DCL prompt, not within data and not within
files. If you wish to perform symbol substitution in
this environment, you typically write a small file
containing the command(s) and data to be invoked-
potentially only the data-and you then invoke the
created procedure or reference the specified data.

In this case, use of a file containing nolinemode
commands or other techniques might be useful-you will
want to ensure that the text editor you use does not
attempt to use screen mode or similar, as this is not
generally considered adventageous within a command
procedure.

Tools such as FTP have alternatives: COPY/FTP.

DCL symbol substitution occurs in two passes, using
the ampersand and the apostrophe. In most cases, only
the apostrophe is necessary. In a few cases-such as the
DCL PIPE command-you will may need to use the ampersand
to get the substitution to work. The following example
uses ampersand substitution to transfer the contents of
the header into a logical name:

$ PIPE CC/VERSION | (READ SYS$PIPE hdr ; DEFINE/JOB/NOLOG hdr &hdr )

A logical name (in the job logical name table; shared
by all processes in the current job) was used as DCL
symbols cannot be returned back out from a DCL PIPE or
other spawned subprocess.

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__________________________________________________________
13.10 Where can I get Perl for OpenVMS?

OpenVMS support is included in the standard
distribution of Perl, the popular scripting language
created by Larry Wall. In addition to nearly all
of the functionality available under Unix, OpenVMS-
specific Perl modules provide interfaces to many native
features, as well as access to Oracle, Ingres, and
Sybase databases via the Perl DBI available on OpenVMS.

A website useful for getting started with Perl on
OpenVMS-where you will find such things as download
links, instructions, auxiliary tools, and sample
scripts-is available at:

o http://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl

If you have a C compiler, the best way to obtain
Perl is to download and build it yourself. The latest
production quality source kit is available from:

o http://www.perl.com/CPAN/src/stable.tar.gz

You will need GUNZIP and VMSTAR (both available from
the OpenVMS Freeware CD, or from other sites) to
unpack the archive; once you've done that, read the
instructions in the README.vms file.

Binary distributions for most Alpha and VAX
environments are available on the OpenVMS Freeware CD-
ROM and from various websites, including the following:

o http://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl/prebuilt.html

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/freeware/perl5/

During active Perl development cycles, test kits are
sometimes found at: from:

o ftp://ftp.sidhe.org/

Watch the mailing list (see below) for details on
experimental releases.

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Charles Lane maintains pages on how to write CGI
scripts in Perl for the OSU HTTP server, as well as
more general tips, tricks, and patches for building and
running Perl on OpenVMS:

o http://www.crinoid.com/crinoid.htmlx

There are OpenVMS-specific Perl modules that implement
interfaces to a subset of the VMS System Services.
With these modules, you can get (and often set) device,
job, queue, user, system, and performance information.
The lock manager, RMS indexed files, screen management
utilities, and Intracluster Communication Services are
also accessible via Perl. The relevant modules are all
available from:

o http://www.perl.com/CPAN/modules/by-module/VMS

To subscribe to the OpenVMS Perl mailing list (a
discussion forum for both user support and new
development), send an email message to vmsperl-
[email protected]

The mailing list archives may be searched at:

o http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/vmsperl

__________________________________________________________
13.11 Obtaining the DECmigrate (VEST and TIE) translator?

The DECmigrate image translation tool, a tool that
translates OpenVMS VAX images for use on OpenVMS Alpha
is available at:

o http://www.openvms.compaq.com/products/omsva/

VEST is the name sometimes given to the DECmigrate
translation tool, while TIE names the DECmigrate run-
time environment.

Please see Section 7.4 and Section 13.13 for related
information.

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---------------------------- #include <rtfaq.h> -----------------------------
For additional, please see the OpenVMS FAQ -- www.hp.com/go/openvms/faq
--------------------------- pure personal opinion ---------------------------
Hoff (Stephen) Hoffman OpenVMS Engineering hoff[at]hp.com