The Belgian HOWTO

The Belgian HOWTO
by Dag Wieers, [email protected]
v1.0.11, 11 September 1999

This document describes how to tweak Linux for Belgian users and lists
Linux user groups, businesses and other resources in Belgium.

______________________________________________________________________

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

1.1 Why this document?
1.2 New versions of this document
1.3 Contributions
1.4 Feedback

2. Configuration

2.1 Keyboard setup
2.1.1 Console
2.1.2 XFree86
2.2 Display and applications
2.2.1 Using the ISO-8859-1 font in console
2.2.2 Support for the Euro symbol
2.3 Time zone
2.4 Locale support
2.4.1 Dutch
2.4.2 French
2.4.3 German
2.4.4 Walloon
2.5 HOWTO translations
2.5.1 Dutch
2.5.2 French
2.5.3 German
2.6 Native language support and codepages

3. Setting up Internet (Belgian ISP information)

3.1 Dialing in with your modem (PPP)
3.1.1 Configuring the modem
3.1.2 Installing pppd
3.1.3 pap-secrets / chap-secrets
3.1.4 Network
3.1.5 Dial + Hangup
3.1.6 ISP-dependant information
3.2 Dialing in with your ISDN-modem
3.2.1 Updating the kernel
3.2.2 ISDN4Linux toolkit
3.2.3 Configuring the interface
3.2.4 pap-secrets / chap-secrets
3.2.5 Network
3.2.6 Dial + Hangup
3.3 Cablemodem (DHCP)
3.4 ADSL

4. Belgian Linux user groups

4.1 ALLIN Linux User Group
4.2 Antwerp Linux User Group (ALUG)
4.3 Brussels Linux User Group (BLUG)
4.4 HCC Limburgse Linux Gebruikers Groep (HLLGG)
4.5 HCC Linux Gebruikers Groep Antwerpen
4.6 HCC Linux Gebruikers Groep Leuven
4.7 Independent Group of Unix-Alikes and Network Activists (IGUANA)
4.8 Infogroep (IGWE)
4.9 Leuvense Linux Users (L2U)
4.10 Limburgse Linux User Group (LILUG)
4.11 Linux Belgian Team
4.12 Linux Gebruikers Oost-Vlaanderen (LGOVL)
4.13 Linux User Group De Bruxelles (BxLUG)
4.14 Linux User Group De Namur
4.15 Linux User Group Mons
4.16 Linux User Movement Underground Mad Belgian Aliens (LUMUMBA)
4.17 linuxbe.org
4.18 Local Linux Support Group Gent (LLSGG)
4.19 Open Technology Assembly Linux Special Interest Group
4.20 Student Information Networking (SIN)
4.21 TINA
4.22 Unix Lovers Yield Student Services & Internet Support (ULYSSIS)
4.23 Zeus WPI - Werkgroep Informatica RUG

5. Belgian Linux businesses

5.1 aDOC Services
5.2 Better Access N.V.
5.3 D. Connect
5.4 Double Barrel Consultancy and Productions
5.5 grmbl productions
5.6 LIFE
5.7 Phidani Software SPRL
5.8 Spier BVBA
5.9 VirgoPlus sprl

6. Belgian Linux resources

6.1 Websites
6.1.1 Linux in Belgium
6.1.2 Dutch Linux-sites
6.1.3 French Linux-sites
6.1.4 Mirrors in Belgium
6.2 HOWTO
6.2.1 Web
6.2.2 FTP
6.3 FTP
6.3.1 Kernel-sources
6.3.2 Distributions
6.3.3 Software
6.4 Usenet
6.5 Mailinglists
6.5.1 Linux user groups
6.6 IRC

______________________________________________________________________

11.. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn

11..11.. WWhhyy tthhiiss ddooccuummeenntt??

Since there was no information anywhere on the net for Belgian linux
users, I started to collect stuff that I thought could be important.
This HOWTO aims to be the definitive list of all Belgian-related Linux
information. If you think not, you have no excuse to complain and
certainly not to not contribute. ;)

11..22.. NNeeww vveerrssiioonnss ooff tthhiiss ddooccuummeenntt

If you need to know more about the Linux Documentation Project or
about Linux HOWTO's, feel free to contact the supervisor Tim Bynum
[email protected].

Tim Bynum will post the listing to several national and international
newsgroups on a monthly basis. In addition, the Belgian HOWTO can be
found on the World Wide Web at <http://dag.mind.be/howto/> New
versions of the Belgian HOWTO are always placed at this site first, so
please be sure to check if the copy you are reading is still up to
date!

11..33.. CCoonnttrriibbuuttiioonnss

A few people mailed me their suggestions and improvements, thanks go
to:

+o Wim Vandeputte [email protected]

+o Pablo Saratxaga [email protected]

+o Christophe Lambin [email protected]

+o Geert Uytterhoeven [email protected]

Many thanks go to Ivo Clarysse [email protected] who started something
similar earlier () and his project helped me a lot to get this
document online.

11..44.. FFeeeeddbbaacckk

If some information seems to be wrong, deceptive or missing, I'd
appreciate if you mailed me the improvements. Since I'm just human
this document isn't bug-free, but your contribution can and will make
a difference.

To add yourself to the Linux user groups or businesses, collect all
necessary information and mail it to me.

22.. CCoonnffiigguurraattiioonn

22..11.. KKeeyybbooaarrdd sseettuupp

Linux provides 2 ways to set up your keyboard. At the console you can
use loadkeys and under XFree86 you can use xmodmap.

22..11..11.. CCoonnssoollee

To use the keytable for a Belgian keyboard you can use

loadkeys be2-latin1

or

loadkeys be-latin1

The only difference between the two is that be2-latin1 add support for
twosuperior and threesuperior (keycode 41) and grave (keycode 43).

Usually loadkeys is started at boottime from the scripts located
somewhere in _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._d Different distributions handle it differentely.
But most distributions have a simple program (like kbdconfig in RedHat
or yast in SuSE) to change the scripts.

22..11..22.. XXFFrreeee8866

To set your keyboard properly under XFree86 you've got more choices.
By running Xconfigurator (or a similar program) a config-file for
XFree86 is created (with some standard content). This file is called
_X_F_8_6_C_o_n_f_i_g and is usually located in _/_e_t_c or _/_e_t_c_/_X_1_1

Make sure (and change otherwise) that something similar to this is
given under the Keyboard Section.

Section "Keyboard"
Protocol "Standard"
XkbRules "xfree86"
XkbModel "pc101"
XkbLayout "be"
EndSection

If you own a 'microsoft' keyboard (or the less-known penguin keyboards
;p) you can enable those extra 3 keys by changing the "pc101" into
"pc104". (I use the extra keys as meta-keys in my windowmanager so
some shortcuts doesn't conflict with the internal ones of my wm).

To get the AltGr key to work under XFree86 simply add in the Keyboard
Section:

RightAlt ModeShift

To get some key-combinations working under X11, you might want to
change in file _/_u_s_r_/_X_1_1_R_6_/_l_i_b_/_X_1_1_/_x_k_b_/_s_y_m_b_o_l_s_/_b_e:

key <AD11> { [ dead_circumflex, diaeresis ],
[ bracketleft ] };
key <AC11> { [ ugrave, percent ],
[ quoteright ] };
key <BKSL> { [ mu, sterling ],
[ quoteleft ] };
key <AB10> { [ equal, plus ],
[ asciitilde ] };

by

key <AD11> { [ dead_circumflex, dead_diaeresis ],
[ bracketleft ] };
key <AC11> { [ ugrave, percent ],
[ dead_acute ] };
key <BKSL> { [ mu, sterling ],
[ dead_grave ] };
key <AB10> { [ equal, plus ],
[ dead_tilde ] };

Some people prefer to use a 'compose'-key to enter their special
characters, like:

<compose>'e => e
<compose>/o => oe
<compose>c, => c
<compose>co => (C)
<compose>ss => ss

Solution:

xmodmap -e "keycode xx = Multi_key"

or

xmodmap -e "keysym yy = Multi_key"

and 'xx' is the keycode and 'yy' the kesym of the key you choose to be
the 'compose'-key. (use xev to get these values)

Alternatively you can add

keycode xx = Multi_key

to your _/_._x_m_o_d_m_a_p_r_c. This way it happens automagically.

22..22.. DDiissppllaayy aanndd aapppplliiccaattiioonnss

Some applications have to be compiled as 8-bit clean to work well with
the European characterset. Others like to be told in advance.

22..22..11.. UUssiinngg tthhee IISSOO--88885599--11 ffoonntt iinn ccoonnssoollee

You can load the ISO-8859-1 font by typing the following in console:

setfont lat1u-16.psf
mapscrn trivial
echo -ne '\033(K'

To be able to use e, e, e or c in console, you might want to add these
to your _/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c:

set meta-flag on
set convert-meta off
set output-meta on

(this must be done for every user, if you want this to be default for
all users you can either add this file to _/_e_t_c_/_s_k_e_l_/ or you could add
these lines to _/_e_t_c_/_i_n_p_u_t_r_c and add the following line to _/_e_t_c_/_b_a_s_h_r_c,

export INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc

)

NNoottee:: this is only useful to programs that use readline (like bash)
Also set the following environment variables:

LC_CTYPE=iso-8859-1
SYSFONT=lat1u-16.psf
SYSTERM=linux

22..22..22.. SSuuppppoorrtt ffoorr tthhee EEuurroo ssyymmbbooll

Since Europe had to invent a new character, the Euro, there's a new
standard. It's called ISO-8859-15 (aka Latin-9 or Latin-0). To add
support you need both a new font and new keymaps. They're included
with the EURO-package and can be found at:
<ftp://ftp.freshmeat.net/pub/euro-patch/>. Soon this will be part of
every major distribution.

The changes in the keymap-file consist of the following lines:

keycode 18 = +e +E currency
keycode 46 = +c +C cent

And the following environment-variable should be set:

SYSFONT=lat0-16.psf

to make sure you're using the right font.

22..33.. TTiimmee zzoonnee

Since Belgium is located in the Central European Time zone (aka MET)
which (in the winter) is equivalent to the Greenwhich Mean Time plus 1
(GMT+1), you can simply link _/_u_s_r_/_l_i_b_/_z_o_n_e_i_n_f_o_/_l_o_c_a_l_t_i_m_e_/_M_E_T to
_/_e_t_c_/_l_o_c_a_l_t_i_m_e symbolicly like:

ln -sf /usr/lib/zoneinfo/MET /etc/localtime

or

ln -sf /usr/lib/zoneinfo/Europe/Brussels /etc/localtime

This automagically sets Daylight Savings (which is GMT+2 in the sum-
mer).

NNoottee:: that different distributions have different paths, zoneinfo can
be located in _/_u_s_r_/_s_h_a_r_e or such...

NNoottee22:: RedHat uses a tool called timeconfig, SuSE uses yast

To change the CMOS clock and then synchronize the system time with the
CMOS clock, do something like this:

hwclock --set --date="Feb 25 03:38"
clock -u -s

If your clock is set to local time (which is discouraged but if you
have other OS's installed a must), you can do:

hwclock --set --date="Feb 25 04:38"
clock -s

[Noticed the 1 hour difference ? ;p]

22..44.. LLooccaallee ssuuppppoorrtt

Not much programs support locale yet, if you want to know more about
locale or how to write your own programs to support it, check: [put
the damn url here ;p]

Be aware that locale makes it harder to resolve problems as less
people can help you !! You might understand a problem when it's in
technical English, but what if it's translated in some obscure French
?!? Some obviously won't understand both. ;p

22..44..11.. DDuuttcchh

To enable support for the Dutch locale in Belgium on a system with
locale support you just have to set the following environment
variables:

LANG=nl
LANGUAGE=nl_BE

Try nl_BE.ISO_8859-1 if nl_BE does not work.

22..44..22.. FFrreenncchh

If you want French locale support in Belgium, set the following
environment variabels:

LANG=fr
LANGUAGE=fr_BE

Try fr_BE.ISO_8859-1 if fr_BE does not work.

22..44..33.. GGeerrmmaann

If you want instead German locale support in Belgium, set the
following environment variabels:

LANG=de
LANGUAGE=de_BE

Try de_BE.ISO_8859-1 if de_BE does not work.

22..44..44.. WWaalllloooonn

For Walloon locale support you can find files and information at:
<http://www.ping.be/linux/walon/>. To use it set:

LANG=wa
LANGUAGE=wa_BE:fr_BE

Try wa_BE.ISO_8859-1 if wa_BE does not work.

22..55.. HHOOWWTTOO ttrraannssllaattiioonnss

As Dutch is less wide-spread, it is the least supported. But work is
being done to resolve this ;) (and maybe *you* can help ?!?) French
and German translations obviously are already taken care of.

22..55..11.. DDuuttcchh

A succesfull initiative is making progress, but there's still a lot to
do. If you want to help, start translating and send it there. Check:
<http://nl.linux.org/doc/HOWTO/>.

22..55..22.. FFrreenncchh

French translations of HOWTO's can be found at:
<ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/french/>

22..55..33.. GGeerrmmaann

German translations of HOWTO's can be found at:
<ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/german/>

22..66.. NNaattiivvee llaanngguuaaggee ssuuppppoorrtt aanndd ccooddeeppaaggeess

These options add support for the Belgian characterset and codepages.
If you'd like to have these, compile a kernel with these options put
on. They only apply to some filesystems (FAT-based, ISO9660, ...).

< > Codepage 850 (Europe)
< > NLS ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages)
< > NLS ISO 8859-15 (Latin 9; Western European Languages with Euro)

Located in Filesystems > Native Language Support

If your kernel is a modular kernel that came with your distribution
(=you never compiled a kernel before), then you might want to type:

insmod nls_cp850
insmod nls_iso8859_1
insmod nls_iso8859_15

33.. SSeettttiinngg uupp IInntteerrnneett ((BBeellggiiaann IISSPP iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn))

33..11.. DDiiaalliinngg iinn wwiitthh yyoouurr mmooddeemm ((PPPPPP))

To configure PPP correctly, you should check the PPP-HOWTO
<http://www.interweft.com.au/other/ppp-howto/ppp-howto.html>. I try
to explain it briefly, but if you have any questions or problems, read
the HOWTO very carefully.

33..11..11.. CCoonnffiigguurriinngg tthhee mmooddeemm

To configure your modem, you can alter the initstring of your modem.
To learn more about your modem, check Ask Mr. Modem
<http://www.spy.net/~dustin/modem/>. Beware, if you have a winmodem
you will not get it to work. More information about winmodems is at:
<http://linmodems.org/>

33..11..22.. IInnssttaalllliinngg ppppppdd

Now, you need to have the ppp-package installed (check this by typing
pppd --version), make sure you have a recent one. Then you have to
make sure you've got these files:

_/_u_s_r_/_l_o_c_a_l_/_b_i_n_/_p_p_p

#!/bin/sh
case $1 in
on|start)
TELEPHONE='555-1212' # The telephone number for the connection
ACCOUNT='your_login' # The account name for logon (as in 'George Burns')
PASSWORD='your_pass' # The password for this account (and 'Gracie Allen')
INITSTRING='AT' # Modem initstring
IPLOCAL=0.0.0.0 # Local IP address if known. Dynamic = 0.0.0.0
IPREMOTE=0.0.0.0 # Remote IP address if desired. Normally 0.0.0.0
DEVICE=/dev/ttyS1 # Serial Device com1=ttyS0, com2=ttyS1,...
SPEED=57600 # 19200, 38400 or 57600 (don't try something different)
export TELEPHONE ACCOUNT PASSWORD INITSTRING
exec /usr/sbin/pppd $DEVICE $SPEED $IPLOCAL:$IPREMOTE \
user $ACCOUNT connect /etc/ppp/ppp-on-dialer
;;
off|stop)
if [ -r /var/run/ppp0.pid ]; then
kill -INT `cat /var/run/ppp0.pid`
if [ ! "$?" = "0" ]; then
rm -f /var/run/ppp0.pid
echo "ERROR: Removed stale pid file"
exit 1
fi
exit 0
fi
echo "ERROR: PPP link is not active on ppp0"
exit 1
;;
info|status)
/usr/sbin/pppstats
;;
*)
echo "Usage: ppp on|off|info|start|stop|status";
;;
esac

_/_e_t_c_/_p_p_p_/_p_p_p_-_o_n_-_d_i_a_l_e_r

#!/bin/sh
exec /usr/sbin/chat -v \
TIMEOUT 3 \
ABORT '\nBUSY\r' \
ABORT '\nNO ANSWER\r' \
ABORT '\nNO CARRIER\r' \
ABORT '\nNO DIALTONE\r' \
ABORT '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r' \
'' "\r$INITSTRING\r" \
'OK-+++\c-OK' 'ATH0' \
TIMEOUT 30 \
OK "ATDT$TELEPHONE" \
CONNECT '' \
ogin:--ogin: "$ACCOUNT" \
ord: "$PASSWORD"

You can remove the -v once everything looks normal.

The pppd command uses _/_e_t_c_/_p_p_p_/_o_p_t_i_o_n_s to list its options, change
these options to whatever fits. These defaults normally work in most
cases.

asyncmap 20a0000
crtscts
debug
default-mru
defaultroute
detach
escape 11,13,ff
hide-password
ipcp-accept-local
ipcp-accept-remote
lcp-echo-failure 4
lcp-echo-interval 400
modem
mtu 1500
netmask 255.255.255.0
noipdefault
passive

#idle 300
#kdebug 0
#lock
#-vj

Once dialing in works like a charm, you can leave debug out.

33..11..33.. ppaapp--sseeccrreettss // cchhaapp--sseeccrreettss

If your ISP requires CHAP or PAP, you need one of these files with
their proper username and password:

_/_e_t_c_/_p_p_p_/_p_a_p_-_s_e_c_r_e_t_s or _/_e_t_c_/_p_p_p_/_c_h_a_p_-_s_e_c_r_e_t_s

#client server secret IP
your_login * your_pass *

33..11..44.. NNeettwwoorrkk

To configure your nameservers, change _/_e_t_c_/_r_e_s_o_l_v_._c_o_n_f. If dialing in
is succesfull, but you can't get it to connect to URL's: this is
probably the cause.

domain domain_of_your_isp
nameserver your_primary_nameserver
nameserver your_secondary_nameserver

33..11..55.. DDiiaall ++ HHaanngguupp

Then if _/_u_s_r_/_l_o_c_a_l_/_b_i_n is in your PATH, you can easily dial in with:

ppp on

and hangup with:

ppp off

and to get some statistics, you do:

ppp status

33..11..66.. IISSPP--ddeeppeennddaanntt iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn

DDiiggiibbeell::

WWeebb::
<http://www.digibel.org/>

EEuunneett::

AAuutthheennttiiccaattiioonn::
text-based

OOppttiioonnss::
proxyarp

WWeebb::
<http://www.eunet.be/>

EEuurroonneett ((WWaannnnaaddoooo))::

AAuutthheennttiiccaattiioonn::
text-based

WWeebb::
<http://www.euronet.be/>

OOnnlliinnee::

AAuutthheennttiiccaattiioonn::
text-based

OOppttiioonnss::
noccp

WWeebb::
<http://www.online.be/>

PPiinngg::

AAuutthheennttiiccaattiioonn::
text-based

WWeebb::
<http://www.ping.be/>

PPllaanneett IInntteerrnneett::

AAuutthheennttiiccaattiioonn::
CHAP

WWeebb::
<http://www.planetinternet.be/>

SSkkyynneett ((BBeellggaaccoomm))::

AAuutthheennttiiccaattiioonn::
PAP

OOppttiioonnss::
defaultroute

WWeebb::
<http://www.skynet.be/>

UUUUNNeett::

AAuutthheennttiiccaattiioonn::
PAP

WWeebb::
<http://www.uunet.be/>

XXSS44AALLLL::

AAuutthheennttiiccaattiioonn::
PAP

WWeebb::
<http://www.xs4all.be/>

33..22.. DDiiaalliinngg iinn wwiitthh yyoouurr IISSDDNN--mmooddeemm

CCoonnttrriibbuutteedd bbyy CChhrriissttoopphhee LLaammbbiinn ccllaammbbiinn@@sskkyynneett..bbee

This section does not aim to be a definitive guide on ISDN for Linux.
For a more detailed discussion on the topic, see Paul Slootman's
ISDN4Linux HOWTO and ISDN4Linux-FAQ.

33..22..11.. UUppddaattiinngg tthhee kkeerrnneell

If you're using a 2.2 kernel, it's recommended to get an updated
version of the ISDN code. You can retrieve the CVS at
<ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/isdn4linux/>. For more information, check:
<http://www.brisse.dk/site/linux/docs/isdn.htm>

WWaarrnniinngg:: if you've recently purchased an Eicon Diva 2.0 PCI (eg, via
Belgacom), there's a good chance you've actually got a Diva 2.01.In
this case, you must get a version dated 1 July 1999 or later !

Once the ISDN is in place, you can start up the driver. Eg:

modprobe hisax type=11 protocol=2

Refer to the Readme's for the right parameters and values for your
card.

33..22..22.. IISSDDNN44LLiinnuuxx ttoooollkkiitt

Next, you'll need the ISDN4Linux toolkit. You can retrieve the latest
version of the toolkit at: <ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/isdn4linux/>

33..22..33.. CCoonnffiigguurriinngg tthhee iinntteerrffaaccee

With the tools installed and configured, write a script to configure
the interface, to be used for the ISDN connection. As always in Linux,
there's no one correct way of doing this. I've put these in a script

_/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._d_/_r_c_._i_s_d_n:

#!/bin/sh
MSNREMOTE='555-1212' # Phone number of ISP
MSNLOCAL='555-1313' # my number, without 0, with areacode
ACCOUNT='george' # The account for logon (as 'George Burns')
IPLOCAL=10.0.0.2 # my fixed IP (use 10.0.0.2 if no fixed)
IPREMOTE=0.0.0.0 # IP number of ISP
INTERFACE=ippp0
/sbin/modprobe hisax type=11 protocol=2
/sbin/isdnctrl verbose 3 system on
/sbin/isdnctrl addif $IF
/sbin/isdnctrl secure $IF on
/sbin/isdnctrl addphone $IF out $MSNREMOTE
/sbin/isdnctrl eaz $IF $MSNLOCAL
/sbin/isdnctrl huptimeout $IF 300
/sbin/isdnctrl l2_prot $IF hdlc
/sbin/isdnctrl l3_prot $IF trans
/sbin/isdnctrl encap $IF syncppp
# /sbin/isdnctrl dialmode $IF auto
/sbin/ifconfig $IF $IPLOCAL pointopoint $IPREMOTE -arp -broadcast
/sbin/ipppd /dev/ippp0 user $ACCOUNT $IPLOCAL:$IPREMOTE

To start this at boot time, make it executable and append the
following to _/_e_t_c_/_r_c_._d_/_r_c_._l_o_c_a_l:

if [ -x /etc/rc.d/rc.isdn ]; then
. /etc/rc.d/rc.isdn
fi

The ipppd command gets its parameters passed through a file,
_/_e_t_c_/_p_p_p_/_i_o_p_t_i_o_n_s:

-ac
-bsdcomp
debug
defaultroute
ipcp-accept-local
ipcp-accept-remote
mru 1524
mtu 1500
noipdefault
-pc
useifip
-vj
-vjccomp

#idle 360
#persistent

WWaarrnniinngg:: do NOT specify +pap or +chap in this file. This specifies the
authentication that ipppd should use for an INCOMING client. If you
were to use this to connect to your ISP, ipppd would wait for the ISP
to authenticate itself using the specified protocol.

Finally, create _/_e_t_c_/_p_p_p_/_i_p_-_d_o_w_n_._l_o_c_a_l to handle the shutdown of the
interface:

#!/bin/sh
/sbin/ifconfig $1 down
sleep 1
/sbin/ifconfig $1 10.0.0.2 pointopoint

NNoottee:: this is to handle some problems with routes on shutdowns.
Anyone know of a clean(er) solution ?

33..22..44.. ppaapp--sseeccrreettss // cchhaapp--sseeccrreettss

If your ISP uses PAP or CHAP, create a file _/_e_t_c_/_p_p_p_/_p_a_p_-_s_e_c_r_e_t_s or
_/_e_t_c_/_p_p_p_/_c_h_a_p_-_s_e_c_r_e_t_s. Its format is:

#client server secret IP
your_login * your_pass *

33..22..55.. NNeettwwoorrkk

Not really related to ISDN, but a lot of people forget this step (too
eager to try out all the stuff they typed in above ? :-)).

Anyway, you need to configure the DNS, by creating a file
_/_e_t_c_/_r_e_s_o_l_v_._c_o_n_f:

domain your_domain_of_your_isp
nameserver your_primary_nameserver
nameserver your_secondary_nameserver

33..22..66.. DDiiaall ++ HHaanngguupp

Finally, you can write a little wrapper to start and stop the ISDN
connection. I've put this as _/_u_s_r_/_l_o_c_a_l_/_b_i_n_/_i_s_d_n:

#!/bin/bash
case $1 in
on|start)
/sbin/isdnctrl dial ippp0
;;
off|stop)
/sbin/isdnctrl hangup ippp0
;;
info|status)
/sbin/isdnctrl list ippp0
;;
*)
echo "Usage: isdn on|off|info|start|stop|status"
;;
esac

Then if _/_u_s_r_/_l_o_c_a_l_/_b_i_n is in your PATH, you can easily dial in with:

isdn on

and hangup with:

isdn off

33..33.. CCaabblleemmooddeemm ((DDHHCCPP))

DHCP was designed to make life easier, and most of the times it does
;) More information to set up your DHCP client can be found at:
<http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/mini/DHCP.html> which describes
everything you need to know. (along with the information below)

Lots of people want to connect a whole network to their cablemodem,
that's not a problem. You'll need IP-Masquerading (
<http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/mini/IP-Masquerade.html>) and make
sure the interface (that speaks to the cablemodem) has the right MAC-
address !! Another solution (in case of problems) is to reset your
cablemodem.

CChheelllloo ((TTVVDD))::

WWeebb::
<http://www.chello.be/>

MMoorree iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn::
<http://foobar.starlab.net/~soggie/tvd_linux/>

PPaannddoorraa ((TTeelleenneett))::

AAuuttoommaattiicc pprrooxxyy::
http://pac.pandora.be:8080

hhttttpp pprrooxxyy::
export http_proxy="http://proxy.pandora.be:8080/"

WWeebb::
<http://www.pandora.be/>

33..44.. AADDSSLL

TTuurrbboolliinnee ((BBeellggaaccoomm))::

SSoommee tthhiinnggss::
using DANA

WWeebb::
<http://www.turboline.be/>

MMoorree iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn::
<http://foobar.starlab.net/~soggie/turboline/>

44.. BBeellggiiaann LLiinnuuxx uusseerr ggrroouuppss

More information can be found in the User Group HOWTO located at:
<http://www.ntlug.org/~kclark/> A complete list of Linux User Groups
is at: <http://www.ssc.com/linux/glue/> and at:
<http://limestone.uoregon.edu/woven/lugww/>

44..11.. AALLLLIINN LLiinnuuxx UUsseerr GGrroouupp

Mechelbaan 260
B-3130 Begijnendijk

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://come.to/allin/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Paul Terweduwe [email protected]

MMeeeettiinnggppllaaccee::

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
13 April 1999.

44..22.. AAnnttwweerrpp LLiinnuuxx UUsseerr GGrroouupp ((AALLUUGG))

Van Luppenstraat 70
B-2018 Antwerp

PPhhoonnee::
+32 3 218 63 54

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://sunsite.belnet.be/alug/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Patrick Op de Beeck [email protected]

MMeeeettiinnggss::
Almost every friday at 19h, see homepage first !

MMeeeettiinnggppllaaccee::
Hof van Rieth, Molenlei 68, Mortsel / Cultureel Centrum Berchem,
Driekoningenstraat 126

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
8 March 1999.

44..33.. BBrruusssseellss LLiinnuuxx UUsseerr GGrroouupp ((BBLLUUGG))

Brussels Linux User Group (BLUG)

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://linux.rave.org/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
24 February 1999.

44..44.. HHCCCC LLiimmbbuurrggssee LLiinnuuxx GGeebbrruuiikkeerrss GGrrooeepp ((HHLLLLGGGG))

HCC Limburgse Linux Gebruikers Groep

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.uunet.be/hcc/Limburg/Linuxgg>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Andy Peeters & Bruno Tony

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
31 May 1999.

44..55.. HHCCCC LLiinnuuxx GGeebbrruuiikkeerrss GGrrooeepp AAnnttwweerrppeenn

Armand Verachtert
Turnhoutsebaan 421
2140 Borgerhout

WWeebb::
<http://users.glo.be/~poe/index.html>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
25 February 1999.

44..66.. HHCCCC LLiinnuuxx GGeebbrruuiikkeerrss GGrrooeepp LLeeuuvveenn

Diegemstraat 61
B-1930 Zaventem

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.uunet.be/hcc/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Yvo Dries [email protected]

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
2 August 1999.

44..77.. IInnddeeppeennddeenntt GGrroouupp ooff UUnniixx--AAlliikkeess aanndd NNeettwwoorrkk AAccttiivviissttss ((IIGGUUAANNAA))

Milcampslaan 101
B-1040 Schaarbeek

PPhhoonnee::
+32 2 657 77 36

FFaaxx::
+32 2 657 77 38

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.iguana.be/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
5 March 1999.

44..88.. IInnffooggrrooeepp ((IIGGWWEE))

Pleinlaan 2, 5F218 (building F)
B-1050 Brussels

PPhhoonnee::
+32 2 629 33 56

FFaaxx::
+32 2 629 33 89

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://igwe.vub.ac.be/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
6 July 1999.

44..99.. LLeeuuvveennssee LLiinnuuxx UUsseerrss ((LL22UU))

Leuvense Linux Users (L2U)

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://gallery.uunet.be/darkcompanion/linux/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
23 February 1999.

44..1100.. LLiimmbbuurrggssee LLiinnuuxx UUsseerr GGrroouupp ((LLIILLUUGG))

Limburgse Linux User Group (LILUG)

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://lilug.linuxatwork.at/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Frank Eersels [email protected]

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
6 May 1999.

44..1111.. LLiinnuuxx BBeellggiiaann TTeeaamm

Rue d'Aineffe 4
B-4317 Borlez Faimes

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://linux.rtfm.be/>
CCoonnttaacctt::
Alexandre J.D. Dulaunoy [email protected]

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
25 February 1999.

44..1122.. LLiinnuuxx GGeebbrruuiikkeerrss OOoosstt--VVllaaaannddeerreenn ((LLGGOOVVLL))

Linux Gebruikers Oost-Vlaanderen

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://lgovl.freeservers.com/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
25 February 1999.

44..1133.. LLiinnuuxx UUsseerr GGrroouupp DDee BBrruuxxeelllleess ((BBxxLLUUGG))

Linux User Group De Bruxelles (BxLUG)

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://bxlug.linuxbe.org/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Raphael Bauduin [email protected]

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
17 July 1999.

44..1144.. LLiinnuuxx UUsseerr GGrroouupp DDee NNaammuurr

Linux User Group De Namur

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://namur.linuxbe.org/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
17 July 1999.

44..1155.. LLiinnuuxx UUsseerr GGrroouupp MMoonnss

Linux User Group Mons

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.linuxwallonie.org/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
26 May 1999.

44..1166.. LLiinnuuxx UUsseerr MMoovveemmeenntt UUnnddeerrggrroouunndd MMaadd BBeellggiiaann AAlliieennss ((LLUUMMUUMMBBAA))

Universiteitslaan 1, Filii Lamberti
3590 Diepenbeek

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://lumumba.luc.ac.be/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
25 February 1999.

44..1177.. lliinnuuxxbbee..oorrgg

linuxbe.org

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://linuxbe.org/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Cedric Gavage [email protected]

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
5 March 1999.

44..1188.. LLooccaall LLiinnuuxx SSuuppppoorrtt GGrroouupp GGeenntt ((LLLLSSGGGG))

Wim Vandeputte
PB 144
B-9000 Gent 12

PPhhoonnee::
+32 9 240 29 17

FFaaxx::
+32 9 240 34 39

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://llsgg.rug.ac.be/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Wim Vandeputte [email protected]

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
4 March 1999.

44..1199.. OOppeenn TTeecchhnnoollooggyy AAsssseemmbbllyy LLiinnuuxx SSppeecciiaall IInntteerreesstt GGrroouupp

Kruipstraat 14
B-1850 Grimbergen

PPhhoonnee::
+32 11 27 58 98

FFaaxx::
+32 11 27 03 89

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.ota.be/sigs/linux/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Jan Vanhercke [email protected]

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
4 March 1999.

44..2200.. SSttuuddeenntt IInnffoorrmmaattiioonn NNeettwwoorrkkiinngg ((SSIINN))

Kleinhoefstraat 4
B-2440 Geel

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.sin.khk.be/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
12 June 1999.

44..2211.. TTIINNAA

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://tina.digibel.org/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Roman Pauwels [email protected]

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
3 September 1999.

44..2222.. UUnniixx LLoovveerrss YYiieelldd SSttuuddeenntt SSeerrvviicceess && IInntteerrnneett SSuuppppoorrtt ((UULLYYSSSSIISS))

Blijde Inkomsstraat 21, lokaal 01.17
B-3000 Leuven

PPhhoonnee::
+32 16 32 48 61

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.ulyssis.student.kuleuven.ac.be/org/ulyssis/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
25 February 1999.

44..2233.. ZZeeuuss WWPPII -- WWeerrkkggrrooeepp IInnffoorrmmaattiiccaa RRUUGG

Krijgslaan 281 S9
B-9000 Gent

PPhhoonnee::
+32 09 264 47 51

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.zeus.rug.ac.be/>

CCoommmmeenntt::
Restricted to RUG students

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
22 June 1999.
55.. BBeellggiiaann LLiinnuuxx bbuussiinneesssseess

The Linux Documentation Project contains a worldwide list of Linux
consultants, Linux Consultants HOWTO, and can be found at:
http://consult.cyrius.com/ <http://consult.cyrius.com/>.

55..11.. aaDDOOCC SSeerrvviicceess

Avenue du Pesage, 31-33
B-1050 Brussels

PPhhoonnee::
+32 2 646 00 76

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.adoc-services.com/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
25 February 1999.

55..22.. BBeetttteerr AAcccceessss NN..VV..

Geldenaakse Vest 6
3000 Leuven

PPhhoonnee::
+32 16 29 80 45

FFaaxx::
+32 16 29 80 46

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.ba.be/>

TTyyppee ooff ssuuppppoorrtt::
After an onsite installation, we mainly support our customers
with SSH remote administration. Most problems are reported by E-
mail or by the inhouse-developped webbased supportsystem. This
doesn't mean that once in a while a supportcall comes in.

SSppeecciiaall eexxppeerrttiissee::
Security, systemadministration and setups, security
(firewalling, tigerteaming, VPN, etc.) Networkdesign, wireless
networking, Troubleshooting, product development, etc. Please
visit http://www.ba.be for more info.

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
7 March 1999.

55..33.. DD.. CCoonnnneecctt

Av. Van Goidtsnoven 33
B-1180 Uccle

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.dconnect.be/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
25 February 1999.

55..44.. DDoouubbllee BBaarrrreell CCoonnssuullttaannccyy aanndd PPrroodduuccttiioonnss

Sportstraat 28
B-9000 Gent

PPhhoonnee::
+32 9 222 77 64

FFaaxx::
+32 9 222 49 76

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.double-barrel.be/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Michael C. Vergallen [email protected]

TTyyppee ooff ssuuppppoorrtt::
phone, email remote network admin, inhouse, onsite.

SSppeecciiaall eexxppeerrttiissee::
installation, system admin. internet and intranet connectivity,
sendmail, firewalls, proxys, nameservers, troubleshooting
software & hardware.

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
5 March 1999.

55..55.. ggrrmmbbll pprroodduuccttiioonnss

Korte Vuldersstraat
B-8000 Brugge

PPhhoonnee::
+32 50 344366
EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.grmbl.com/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
2 March 1999.

55..66.. LLIIFFEE

Mgr. Vanwaeyenberglaan 6/10
B-3000 Leuven

PPhhoonnee::
+32 477 57 50 71

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.life.be/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Jasper Nuyens [email protected]

TTyyppee ooff ssuuppppoorrtt::
LIFE is the first company in Europe to provide 24/7 professional
support for Linux in Europe. LIFE also provides server and
desktop installation services, educational services and fixed
price development. Exclusive on the Linux operating system.

SSppeecciiaall eexxppeerrttiissee::
Kernel driver development, database interconnectivity (VPN,
wireless networking), security auditing (firewall, VPN, ethical
hacking), e-commerce. See our website for more.

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
20 April 1999.

55..77.. PPhhiiddaannii SSooffttwwaarree SSPPRRLL

Rue de l'autonomie 1
B-1070 Brussels

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.phidani.be/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
25 February 1999.

55..88.. SSppiieerr BBVVBBAA

Knaptandstraat 96-98
B-9100 Sint-Niklaas

EEmmaaiill::
info@spier,be

WWeebb::
<http://www.spier.be/>

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
02 March 1999.

55..99.. VViirrggooPPlluuss sspprrll

Rue Dartois 1
B-4000 Liege

PPhhoonnee::
+32 4 253 00 59

FFaaxx::
+32 4 253 00 49

EEmmaaiill::
[email protected]

WWeebb::
<http://www.virgoplus.com/>

CCoonnttaacctt::
Bruno Mairlot [email protected]

TTyyppee ooff ssuuppppoorrtt::
By phone, email, or remote networked administration, inhouse,
onsite

SSppeecciiaall eexxppeerrttiissee::
Installation, configuration, administration of Linux, internet
connection, intranet developpment, firewalls, samba, netatalk,
firewalls, proxys, DNS, web server (Apache), mod_perl, MySQL,
Gui interface developpment (GTK+). We have acquired a special
expertise with the Red Hat distributions.

LLaasstt mmooddiiffiieedd::
28 June 1999.

66.. BBeellggiiaann LLiinnuuxx rreessoouurrcceess

66..11.. WWeebbssiitteess

66..11..11.. LLiinnuuxx iinn BBeellggiiuumm

+o Linux in Belgium <http://linbel.iguana.be/>

+o Belgian HOWTO <http://dag.mind.be/howto/Belgian-HOWTO.html>

66..11..22.. DDuuttcchh LLiinnuuxx--ssiitteess

+o <http://nl.linux.org/doc/>

+o Nederlandstalige Linux Documentatie Project
<http://doc.nllgg.nl/products/>

+o Linux Support Website <http://www.linux-nl.cx/>

+o Beginnen met Linux
<http://user.online.be/~koendb/linux_beginners.html>

+o Installatie Handleiding RedHat 5.2
<http://user.online.be/~koendb/redhat.html>

66..11..33.. FFrreenncchh LLiinnuuxx--ssiitteess

+o linuxbe.org <http://linuxbe.org/>

66..11..44.. MMiirrrroorrss iinn BBeellggiiuumm

+o Freshmeat at Chello (TVD) <http://be.eu.mirrors.freshmeat.net/>

+o Linuxberg at Wallonie Internet <http://winbe.linuxberg.com/>

+o Linuxberg at Online <http://online.linuxberg.com/>

+o Linuxberg at Pandora (Telenet) <http://linuxberg.pandora.be/>

+o Linux Gazette at Belnet
<http://sunsite.belnet.be/alug/ftp_mirrors/linux_gazette/>

66..22.. HHOOWWTTOO

The most important collection of Linux information on the net. Please
if you encounter erroneous information in one of them, do contact the
author. Only that way it will be corrected and we all stand together
;)

66..22..11.. WWeebb

+o HOWTO's at KULeuven <http://www.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/LDP/HOWTO/>

+o HOWTO's at SIN <http://www.sin.khk.be/mirror/LDP/>

66..22..22.. FFTTPP

+o HOWTO's at Belnet
<ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/INDEX.html>

66..33.. FFTTPP

Most of the times, it doesn't matter where you got it from, as long as
it works. But to save you some time and save us some bandwidth, it's
much better to get it near you ;) Naturally I forgot some, please send
your additions or corrections.

66..33..11.. KKeerrnneell--ssoouurrcceess

+o Official Mirror kernel-sources at Chello (TVD)
<ftp://ftp.be.kernel.org/>

+o Mirror kernel-sources at linux.be.eu.org
<ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/ftp.kernel.org/>

+o Mirror kernel-sources at Digibel
<ftp://ftp.digibel.be/pub/mirrors/ftp.kernel.org/>

66..33..22.. DDiissttrriibbuuttiioonnss

+o Red Hat

+o Official Mirror at Belnet
<ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ftp.redhat.com/>

+o Mirror at Chello (TVD) <ftp://ftp.chello.be/mirror/ftp.redhat.com/>

+o Mirror at linux.be.eu.org
<ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/>

+o Mirror at Pandora (Telenet)
<ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/>

+o Mirror at Digibel
<ftp://ftp.digibel.be/pub/mirrors/ftp.redhat.com/>

+o Debian

+o Official Mirror at KULeuven
<ftp://ftp.kulnet.kuleuven.ac.be/pub/mirror/ftp.debian.org/>

+o Official Mirror at spnet <ftp://debian.spnet.net/>

+o Mirror at EUnet <ftp://ftp.eunet.be/pub/linux/debian/>

+o Mirror at Skynet
<ftp://ftp.skynet.be/mirror/linux/distributions/debian/>

+o Mirror at Pandora (Telenet)
<ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/ftp.debian.org/>

+o Mirror at Interpac
<ftp://ftp.interpac.be/mirror/linux/distributions/debian/>

+o Slackware

+o Official Mirror at Interpac
<ftp://ftp.interpac.be/mirror/linux/distributions/slackware/>

+o Mirror at Skynet
<ftp://ftp.skynet.be/mirror/linux/distributions/slackware/>

+o Mirror at Globe <ftp://ftp.glo.be/pub/mirror/Slackware-3.6/>

+o SuSE

+o Mirror at Pandora (Telenet) <ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/>

+o Mandrake

+o Mirror at Belnet <ftp://ftp.belnet.be/packages/mandrake/>

66..33..33.. SSooffttwwaarree

+o Mirrors at Belnet <ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/>

+o Mirrors at Chello (TVD) <ftp://ftp.chello.be/mirror/>

+o Mirrors at linux.be.eu.org <ftp://ftp.linux.be.eu.org/mirrors/>

+o Mirrors at Pandora (Telenet) <ftp://mirrors.pandora.be/mirrors/>

+o Mirrors at Digibel <ftp://ftp.digibel.be/pub/mirrors/>

66..44.. UUsseenneett

+o <news:be.comp.os.linux> at WebWatch
<http://www.webwatch.be/forums/be.comp.os.linux/MainTable.html>

66..55.. MMaaiilliinngglliissttss

66..55..11.. LLiinnuuxx uusseerr ggrroouuppss

+o BLUG Mailinglist

+o L2U Mailinglist

+o LILUG Mailinglist

+o LGOVL Mailinglist

66..66.. IIRRCC

The fastest medium to get support is IRC, but beware. Because IRC is
rather anonymous it's also easy to fool people.

On IRCnet there's a channel called #linux.be that is closely related
to bcol and the Belgian Linux-scene. The channel is still small, but
it surely will grow in time. To get help in English, there's only one
place #linux.