NAME
   File::HomeDir - Find your home and other directories, on any platform

SYNOPSIS
     use File::HomeDir;

 # Modern Interface (Current User)
     $home    = File::HomeDir->my_home;
     $desktop = File::HomeDir->my_desktop;
     $docs    = File::HomeDir->my_documents;
     $music   = File::HomeDir->my_music;
     $pics    = File::HomeDir->my_pictures;
     $videos  = File::HomeDir->my_videos;
     $data    = File::HomeDir->my_data;

 # Modern Interface (Other Users)
     $home    = File::HomeDir->users_home('foo');
     $desktop = File::HomeDir->users_desktop('foo');
     $docs    = File::HomeDir->users_documents('foo');
     $music   = File::HomeDir->users_music('foo');
     $pics    = File::HomeDir->users_pictures('foo');
     $video   = File::HomeDir->users_videos('foo');
     $data    = File::HomeDir->users_data('foo');

 # Legacy Interfaces
     print "My dir is ", home(), " and root's is ", home('root'), "\n";
     print "My dir is $~{''} and root's is $~{root}\n";
     # These both print the same thing, something like:
     #  "My dir is /home/user/mojo and root's is /"

DESCRIPTION
   File::HomeDir is a module for dealing with issues relating to the
   location of directories that are "owned" by a user, primarily your user,
   and to solve these issues consistently across a wide variety of
   platforms.

   Thus, a single API is presented that can find your resources on any
   platform.

   This module provides two main interfaces.

   The first is a modern File::Spec-style interface with a consistent OO
   API and different implementation modules to support various platforms.
   You are strongly recommended to use this interface.

   The second interface is for legacy support of the original 0.07
   interface that exported a "home()" function by default and tied the "%~"
   variable.

   It is generally not recommended that you use this interface, but due to
   back-compatibility reasons they will remain supported until at least
   2010.

   After this date, the home() function will remain, but we will consider
   deprecating the (namespace-polluting) "%~" tied hash, to be removed by
   2015 (maintaining the general Perl convention of a 10 year support
   period for legacy APIs potentially or actually in common use).

 Platform Neutrality
   In the Unix world, many different types of data can be mixed together in
   your home directory (although on some Unix platforms this is no longer
   the case, particularly for "desktop"-oriented platforms).

   On some non-Unix platforms, seperate directories are allocated for
   different types of data and have been for a long time.

   When writing applications on top of File::HomeDir, you should thus
   always try to use the most specific method you can. User documents
   should be saved in "my_documents", data that supports an application but
   isn't normally editing by the user directory should go into "my_data".

   On platforms that do not make any distinction, all these different
   methods will harmlessly degrade to the main home directory, but on
   platforms that care File::HomeDir will always try to Do The Right
   Thing(tm).

METHODS
   Two types of methods are provided. The "my_method" series of methods for
   finding resources for the current user, and the "users_method" (read as
   "user's method") series for finding resources for arbitrary users.

   This split is necesary, as on most platforms it is much easier to find
   information about the current user compared to other users, and indeed
   on a number you cannot find out information such as "users_desktop" at
   all, due to security restrictions.

   All methods will double check (using a "-d" test) that a directory
   actually exists before returning it, so you may trust in the values that
   are returned (subject to the usual caveats of race conditions of
   directories being deleted at the moment between a directory being
   returned and you using it).

   However, because in some cases platforms may not support the concept of
   home directories at all, any method may return "undef" (both in scalar
   and list context) to indicate that there is no matching directory on the
   system.

   For example, most untrusted 'nobody'-type users do not have a home
   directory. So any modules that are used in a CGI application that at
   some level of recursion use your code, will result in calls to
   File::HomeDir returning undef, even for a basic home() call.

 my_home
   The "my_home" method takes no arguments and returns the main
   home/profile directory for the current user.

   If the distinction is important to you, the term "current" refers to the
   real user, and not the effective user.

   This is also the case for all of the other "my" methods.

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if the current user does
   not have a home directory, or dies on error.

 my_desktop
   The "my_desktop" method takes no arguments and returns the "desktop"
   directory for the current user.

   Due to the diversity and complexity of implementions required to deal
   with implementing the required functionality fully and completely, for
   the moment "my_desktop" is not going to be implemented.

   That said, I am extremely interested in code to implement "my_desktop"
   on Unix, as long as it is capable of dealing (as the Windows
   implementation does) with internationalisation. It should also avoid
   false positive results by making sure it only returns the appropriate
   directories for the appropriate platforms.

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if the current user does
   not have a desktop directory, or dies on error.

 my_documents
   The "my_documents" method takes no arguments and returns the directory
   (for the current user) where the user's documents are stored.

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if the current user does
   not have a documents directory, or dies on error.

 my_music
   The "my_music" method takes no arguments and returns the directory where
   the current user's music is stored.

   No bias is made to any particular music type or music program, rather
   the concept of a directory to hold the user's music is made at the level
   of the underlying operating system or (at least) desktop environment.

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if the current user does
   not have a suitable directory, or dies on error.

 my_pictures
   The "my_pictures" method takes no arguments and returns the directory
   where the current user's pictures are stored.

   No bias is made to any particular picture type or picture program,
   rather the concept of a directory to hold the user's pictures is made at
   the level of the underlying operating system or (at least) desktop
   environment.

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if the current user does
   not have a suitable directory, or dies on error.

 my_videos
   The "my_videos" method takes no arguments and returns the directory
   where the current user's videos are stored.

   No bias is made to any particular video type or video program, rather
   the concept of a directory to hold the user's videos is made at the
   level of the underlying operating system or (at least) desktop
   environment.

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if the current user does
   not have a suitable directory, or dies on error.

 my_data
   The "my_data" method takes no arguments and returns the directory where
   local applications should stored their internal data for the current
   user.

   Generally an application would create a subdirectory such as ".foo",
   beneath this directory, and store its data there. By creating your
   directory this way, you get an accurate result on the maximum number of
   platforms.

   For example, on Unix you get "~/.foo" and on Win32 you get "~/Local
   Settings/Application Data/.foo"

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if the current user does
   not have a data directory, or dies on error.

 users_home
     $home = File::HomeDir->users_home('foo');

   The "users_home" method takes a single param and is used to locate the
   parent home/profile directory for an identified user on the system.

   While most of the time this identifier would be some form of user name,
   it is permitted to vary per-platform to support user ids or UUIDs as
   applicable for that platform.

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if that user does not
   have a home directory, or dies on error.

 users_documents
     $docs = File::HomeDir->users_documents('foo');

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if that user does not
   have a documents directory, or dies on error.

 users_data
     $data = File::HomeDir->users_data('foo');

   Returns the directory path as a string, "undef" if that user does not
   have a data directory, or dies on error.

FUNCTIONS
 home
     use File::HomeDir;
     $home = home();
     $home = home('foo');
     $home = File::HomeDir::home();
     $home = File::HomeDir::home('foo');

   The "home" function is exported by default and is provided for
   compatibility with legacy applications. In new applications, you should
   use the newer method-based interface above.

   Returns the directory path to a named user's home/profile directory.

   If provided no param, returns the directory path to the current user's
   home/profile directory.

TIED INTERFACE
 %~
     $home = $~{""};
     $home = $~{undef};
     $home = $~{$user};
     $home = $~{username};
     print "... $~{''} ...";
     print "... $~{$user} ...";
     print "... $~{username} ...";

   This calls "home($user)" or "home('username')" -- except that if you ask
   for $~{some_user} and there is no such user, it will die.

   Note that this is especially useful in double-quotish strings, like:

        print "Jojo's .newsrc is ", -s "$~{jojo}/.newsrc", "b long!\n";
         # (helpfully dies if there is no user 'jojo')

   If you want to avoid the fatal errors, first test the value of
   "home('jojo')", which will return undef (instead of dying) in case of
   there being no such user.

   Note, however, that if the hash key is "" or undef (whether thru being a
   literal "", or a scalar whose value is empty-string or undef), then this
   returns zero-argument "home()", i.e., your home directory:

   Further, please note that because the "%~" hash compulsorily modifies a
   hash outside of it's namespace, and presents an overly simplistic
   approach to home directories, it is likely to ultimately be removed.

   The interface is currently expected to be formally deprecated from 2010
   (but no earlier) and removed from 2015 (but no earlier). If very heavy
   use is found in the wild, these plans may be pushed back.

TO DO
   *   Become generally clearer on situations in which a user might not
       have a particular resource.

   *   Add more granularity to Unix, and add support to VMS and other
       esoteric platforms, so we can consider going core.

   *   Add consistent support for users_* methods

SUPPORT
   This module is stored in an Open Repository at the following address.

   <http://svn.ali.as/cpan/trunk/File-HomeDir>

   Write access to the repository is made available automatically to any
   published CPAN author, and to most other volunteers on request.

   If you are able to submit your bug report in the form of new (failing)
   unit tests, or can apply your fix directly instead of submitting a
   patch, you are strongly encouraged to do so as the author currently
   maintains over 100 modules and it can take some time to deal with
   non-Critical bug reports or patches.

   This will guarantee that your issue will be addressed in the next
   release of the module.

   If you cannot provide a direct test or fix, or don't have time to do so,
   then regular bug reports are still accepted and appreciated via the CPAN
   bug tracker.

   <http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=File-HomeDir>

   For other issues, for commercial enhancement or support, or to have your
   write access enabled for the repository, contact the author at the email
   address above.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
   The biggest acknowledgement must go to Chris Nandor, who wielded his
   legendary Mac-fu and turned my initial fairly ordinary Darwin
   implementation into something that actually worked properly everywhere,
   and then donated a Mac OS X license to allow it to be maintained
   properly.

AUTHORS
   Adam Kennedy <[email protected]>

   Sean M. Burke <[email protected]>

   Chris Nandor <[email protected]>

   Stephen Steneker <[email protected]>

SEE ALSO
   File::ShareDir, File::HomeDir::Win32 (legacy)

COPYRIGHT
   Copyright 2005 - 2009 Adam Kennedy.

   Some parts copyright 2000 Sean M. Burke.

   Some parts copyright 2006 Chris Nandor.

   Some parts copyright 2006 Stephen Steneker.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   under the same terms as Perl itself.

   The full text of the license can be found in the LICENSE file included
   with this module.

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