.-') _ .-') _ | |
( OO ) ) ( OO ) ) | |
.-----. ,--./ ,--,' ,--./ ,--,' | |
' .--./ | \ | |\ | \ | |\ | |
| |('-. | \| | )| \| | ) | |
/_) |OO )| . |/ | . |/ | |
|| |`-'| | |\ | | |\ | | |
(_' '--'\ | | \ | | | \ | | |
`-----' `--' `--' `--' `--' | |
lite.cnn.com - on gopher - inofficial | |
ARTICLE VIEW: | |
How India secretly sent refugees back to the land accused of committing | |
genocide against them | |
By Esha Mitra, CNN | |
Updated: | |
8:03 PM EDT, Sat September 13, 2025 | |
Source: CNN | |
In the home he thought was safe, Mohammad Ismail pines for the daughter | |
who was snatched from him and sent back to the country they fled eight | |
years ago; a country where their community officially does not exist. | |
Mohammad and his daughter Asma ran from their village in Myanmar in | |
2017 as soldiers went on a state-sanctioned, weeks-long rampage of | |
rape, arson and murder against the country’s Rohingya minority. | |
Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya fled to squalid refugee camps in | |
neighboring Bangladesh, but Mohammad and his daughter found safety and | |
hope in India. He found work as a rag picker and Asma went to school in | |
the dusty neighborhood in the capital New Delhi they came to call home. | |
Last May, Asma, now 20, was supposed to get married. | |
But days before her wedding, she and 39 other Rohingya refugees living | |
in the city were summoned by Indian authorities, ostensibly to provide | |
biometric information for their new identification documents. Then they | |
disappeared. | |
Three days later a series of desperate calls made on a borrowed phone | |
more than a thousand miles away revealed their fate: they had been | |
herded onto a plane, forced onto a boat and blindfolded by armed men | |
before being pushed overboard into the Indian Ocean and told to make | |
for the nearest shore. | |
That shore was in Myanmar, now in the throes of a civil war and ruled | |
by the same military they fled in 2017 – which the United Nations | |
said executed a “textbook example” of ethnic cleansing, and the | |
United States government has called genocide. | |
A CNN investigation built on testimony from India, Myanmar and | |
Bangladesh and cross-referenced with flight and shipping data has found | |
that India’s government secretly rounded up and deported 13 women and | |
27 men, without due process and in defiance of Indian laws, and sent | |
them to a country where they are widely reviled. | |
CNN reached out to multiple Indian government departments and agencies | |
throughout the course of this investigation but did not receive a | |
response. | |
It’s been more than four months since Asma vanished and Mohammad has | |
not heard from her. Surrounded by the clothes, jewelry and furniture he | |
had bought for her wedding, he struggles to comprehend why she was | |
taken that day and he wasn’t. | |
“I have never done anything wrong, I have just come here to seek | |
refuge… How could they take my daughter from me? If they had to | |
deport us, they should have deported us together.” | |
‘You have no country’ | |
The nightmare began on the evening of May 6 when police came to | |
Mohammad’s home in Shaheen Bagh, a working-class, mostly Muslim | |
neighborhood nestled against the banks of the Yamuna River in New | |
Delhi. They had a list of names of those they said needed to come to | |
the local station to provide their biometric information. Asma and | |
Mohammad’s sister were both on the list, he told CNN. | |
He didn’t hear from Asma until early the following morning, when she | |
called with the disturbing news that the group had been told they were | |
being taken to detention. Around 11 a.m. that day, she called again to | |
say they had been told to change out of their clothes and put on | |
identical uniforms. | |
A Rohingya man called John Anwar, who was detained the same day, | |
corroborated those details. His account comes from the recording of a | |
phone call he made to his brother after he had arrived in Myanmar, | |
which his brother has shared with CNN. | |
Anwar told his brother that they were taken for “a medical checkup” | |
after police took their biometrics. “We realized something was wrong | |
because they have never done a medical check with biometrics before,” | |
he said. | |
Shortly afterwards they were taken to an airport. The same claim was | |
made in a separate phone call by another member of the group to his | |
brother, Noorul Amin, whom CNN interviewed in New Delhi. Five of | |
Amin’s relatives – his two brothers, sister-in-law and parents – | |
were among those deported. | |
The flight lasted around three and a half hours, Anwar told his | |
brother, and when they landed he glimpsed a sign that read “Port | |
Blair” – the largest settlement on the Andaman Islands, also known | |
as Sri Vijaya Puram, more than 1,500 miles to the southeast of New | |
Delhi in the Indian Ocean, and roughly midway between India and | |
Myanmar. | |
The roughly three and a half hours of flight time reported by Anwar | |
matches those listed for regular commercial flights from New Delhi to | |
Port Blair. | |
Flight tracking data reviewed by CNN shows that an Airbus A321-211 | |
passenger plane left from Ghaziabad Airport just outside Delhi around | |
2:20 p.m. on May 7. | |
According to its flight log, it took off and landed in Ghaziabad with a | |
total flight time of 7 hours and 37 minutes. CNN analysis of the data | |
shows the plane flying in a southeasterly direction for around three | |
and a half hours. The plane’s transmitter was switched off when it | |
was positioned about 50 miles off the Andaman Islands. Around 50 | |
minutes later, the transmitter was switched on again and showed the | |
plane heading back to the Indian mainland. | |
According to the Flightradar24 tracking site, the plane in question is | |
operated by the Indian Defence Research and Development Organisation | |
(DRDO), a wing of India’s Defence Ministry. CNN has contacted DRDO | |
for comment on the flight but has received no response. | |
A stone’s throw from Port Blair’s airport is the main harbor that | |
serves the Andaman Islands. Satellite data and publicly available | |
records show the harbor has several jetties that serve military, | |
coastguard and commercial vessels, including passenger ferries. | |
Anwar told his brother the group were boarded onto a “big white | |
ship” with two decks shortly after they disembarked from the plane. | |
He was unable to determine the name or model of the ship. | |
Between late afternoon on May 7 and the morning of May 9, 24 civilian | |
vessels, including 12 passenger ships, exited Port Blair, according to | |
Automatic Identification System (AIS) shipping data from VesselFinder | |
reviewed by CNN. But the AIS data shows none of the 24 vessels traveled | |
toward Myanmar – the closest coast of which is around 300 miles away | |
– during that period. | |
AIS data for Indian naval vessels is not publicly available. | |
CNN has contacted the Andaman and Nicobar Command of the Indian | |
military, which has responsibility for the area, and the chief port | |
administrator for Port Blair. Neither responded to requests for | |
comment. | |
On the ship the group was blindfolded and men with guns threatened to | |
shoot anyone who lifted their heads, Anwar said in the call to his | |
brother. | |
“One of the officers said, ‘Your life is of no value. You have no | |
country. Even if we kill you no one will say anything to us,’” he | |
added, in the call. | |
After several hours they were split into two smaller boats, and about | |
four hours later, the boats stopped in the darkness, he said. | |
“It was very far away from the land but they had tied a rope to a | |
tree on the land. They told us to get into the water,” Anwar said, in | |
the recording. “Some of the elderly people especially were really | |
struggling. It was physically very difficult but we somehow made it to | |
shore.” | |
In other audio recordings obtained by CNN, the panic among the group is | |
clear as they realize they have been sent back to Myanmar. | |
“We’re on an island. The Indian forces have left us and gone,” | |
one young man, deported with his mother, says in a call to a relative. | |
“We are in the middle of the ocean… We are left on an island, | |
completely surrounded by the sea… Please tell everyone. The army | |
might arrest us and take us away at any moment.” | |
India’s crackdown | |
The roughly 20,000 Rohingya people that the United Nations refugee | |
office estimates are currently in India have carved out a precarious | |
existence. Though many have been verified as refugees by the UNHCR, | |
including all 40 in the group deported to Myanmar, the Indian | |
government has not signed the UN convention that prohibits returning | |
refugees to a place where they may come to harm. | |
In several speeches, India’s Home Affairs Minister Amit Shah has | |
vowed to expel Rohingya “infiltrators” and in May his ministry gave | |
officials 30 days to verify the credentials of those suspected to be in | |
India illegally from Bangladesh and Myanmar. If their documents could | |
not be verified, they would face deportation, local media reports said. | |
CNN asked India’s Ministry of Home Affairs for comment on the | |
Rohingya group taken back to Myanmar but has not received a response. | |
Kawaljeet Singh, a police officer and member of a specialist unit | |
tasked with rounding up immigrants illegally in India from Bangladesh, | |
confirmed that 40 members of the Rohingya community were deported to | |
Myanmar on May 6. He told CNN the group had been deported | |
“legally,” but would not give details on how that occurred, saying | |
it was a matter of “national security.” | |
Singh directed CNN to contact the Foreigners Regional Registration | |
Office (FRRO) for a deportation order relating to the group. The office | |
did not respond. | |
Asma and other members of the group were taken from their Delhi homes | |
in the evening, but that may be in contravention of Indian laws which | |
say that women cannot be detained after sunset or before sunrise except | |
in certain circumstances. They also prevent detention for more than 24 | |
hours without an appearance in front of a judicial magistrate. Multiple | |
Delhi police officials did not respond to CNN’s requests for comment. | |
“The idea that Rohingya refugees have been cast into the sea from | |
naval vessels is nothing short of outrageous,” said Tom Andrews, the | |
UN’s Special Rapporteur on human rights in Myanmar, shortly after | |
initial reports first emerged in May. | |
He added that “such cruel actions would be an affront to human | |
decency” and a “serious violation” of international law, which | |
prohibits nations from returning people to places where their lives may | |
be under threat. | |
Dilawar Hussain, a Delhi-based lawyer, filed a petition with India’s | |
top court for the return of the group in May. The Supreme Court, | |
however, said that the reports of the deportation were unsubstantiated | |
and that it would hear the matter along with ongoing cases concerning | |
the Rohingya community. In a hearing on July 31 the court said it would | |
determine whether Rohingya people should be considered illegal | |
immigrants, or refugees and therefore a protected group. The case will | |
be heard again in September. | |
CNN contacted Myanmar’s embassy in New Delhi to ask if it had been | |
informed by Indian authorities that the deportations were taking place. | |
It did not respond. | |
On May 6, the same day the Delhi group was detained, 103 Rohingya | |
people in India were “pushed back” into Bangladesh, according to a | |
source at the detention center they were housed in prior to | |
deportation. A source in Bangladesh’s foreign ministry told CNN that | |
it is in the process of identifying them and has contacted the UNHCR. | |
‘We are the most hated’ | |
The exact whereabouts of the 40 Rohingya forced back into Myanmar is | |
unknown. | |
Asma and the others were brought ashore in the southern Tanintharyi | |
region in the early hours of May 9, according to one local resident who | |
said they had briefly sheltered in his village. He requested CNN not | |
reveal his name or the location of his village, for safety reasons. | |
“When I found them, they told me they had not eaten food for two and | |
a half days,” he said. “All they had was life jackets and the | |
clothes on their body.” They had to borrow a phone to call their | |
families in India. | |
Amid the confusion, the Rohingya group was clear on one thing, he said. | |
“They begged us not to send them to (the) Myanmar military.” | |
That military is currently fighting a multi-sided civil war it | |
unleashed when it toppled an elected government and seized power in | |
2021. | |
The top general behind that coup is the same man who ordered the brutal | |
“clearance operations” that forced Mohammad, Asma and hundreds of | |
thousands of other Rohingya people to flee in 2017. Junta leader Min | |
Aung Hlaing has declared the Rohingya identity “imaginary” – | |
reflecting a widespread belief in Buddhist-majority Myanmar that | |
Rohingya are interlopers from neighboring Bangladesh. | |
Rohingya are not among the 135 ethnic groups officially recognized by | |
Myanmar and are denied full citizenship. They have long lived in what | |
rights groups have said are apartheid-like conditions and can be jailed | |
if they travel outside their home townships without permission. | |
Instead of being handed to the military in Tanintharyi, the 40 Rohingya | |
were later passed on to a local armed group – one of the dozens that | |
have sprung up across the country to battle the junta. CNN is not | |
disclosing the group’s name due to safety reasons and the group did | |
not respond to a request for comment. | |
However, Aung Kyaw Moe, the deputy human rights minister and the only | |
Rohingya member of Myanmar’s opposition National Unity Government | |
that is working to topple the junta, confirmed to CNN that the 40 | |
Rohingya people arrived on May 9 from India and were being housed and | |
given assistance by a military group in southern Myanmar. | |
David Sharif, whose brother-in-law, two nephews and their wives were | |
among those deported, has spoken to them twice since they arrived in | |
Myanmar, through the rebel group that is holding them. | |
But in a region being fought over by a patchwork of anti-junta rebel | |
groups, the military and pro-military militia – and given the | |
widespread distrust of the Rohingya – information on where exactly | |
his family are, or what will become of them, has not been forthcoming. | |
“We are most worried because we are from a different ethnic group,” | |
Sharif told CNN from the refugee camp he lives in in Bangladesh. “In | |
Myanmar, we are the most hated people. What most people know about us | |
is all from rumors and hearsay.” | |
“I told them (the armed group) we are worried… If needed they could | |
charge us for the cost incurred in treating them. We have begged for | |
their mercy.” | |
More than a thousand miles away in New Delhi, Mohammad waits for his | |
daughter, powerless to save her for a second time from the horrors | |
faced by their community in Myanmar. | |
“When we were running away from the genocide a lot of families got | |
separated but I made sure we stuck together,” he said. | |
“(The Myanmar army) could not snatch my daughter from me… I went | |
through great difficulty to bring her safely to India.” | |
“I thought we were safe here.” | |
Ross Adkin, Su Nandar Kyaw, Isaac Yee and Teele Rebane contributed | |
reporting. | |
<- back to index |