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<H1>URLs, DNSs, and IP Addresses.</H1>
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Every computer on the Internet has a unique serial number or <I>IP
address</I> such as "204.138.115.211". Humans aren't good at remembering
numbers, so most Internet computers also has a human-readable
<I>domain name</I> such as "moo.schoolnet.ca". There are dozens of
computers on the Internet that only do a single job, they translate domain
names into IP addresses. This is called the <I>DNS</I> (<B>D</B>omain
<B>N</B>ame <B>S</B>ervice). Without the DNS one would always
have to type in a bunch of numbers every time one sent e-mail or looked up a
web page. There are several available
<A HREF="
http://www.bankes.com/nslookup.htm">DNS gateways</A> which will do
DNS lookups (names to numbers) and reverse DNS lookups (numbers to names).
<P>
A URL (<B>U</B>niform <B>R</B>esource <B>L</B>ocator) is the
address of a particular document on the Internet. A URL is made up of the
type of protocol used to get the document (http, gopher, ftp, news, telnet, etc), the
domain name of the server it is on (moo.schoolnet.ca, altavista.digital.com),
an optional port number, and finally the path and filename of the document
itself.<BR>
Here are some sample URLs:
<UL>
<LI>
http://www.schoolnet.ca/index.html
<LI>telnet://moo.schoolnet.ca:7777
<LI>
ftp://ftp.schoolnet.ca/pub/
<LI>
gopher://gopher.schoolnet.ca:419/11/Frequently.Used
</UL>
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