Subj : Wx Terms (C)(3)
To   : All
From : Daryl Stout
Date : Sat Nov 04 2017 12:04 am

CI
Cirrus clouds- High-level clouds (16,000 feet or higher), composed of
ice crystals and appearing in the form of white, delicate filaments or
white or mostly white patches or narrow bands. Cirrus clouds typically
have a fibrous or hairlike appearance, and often are semi-transparent.
Thunderstorm anvils are a form of cirrus cloud, but most cirrus clouds
are not associated with thunderstorms.

CIG
Ceiling- The height of the lowest layer of clouds, when the sky is
broken or overcast.

CIN
Convective INhibition. A measure of the amount of energy needed in order
to initiate convection. Values of CIN typically reflect the strength of
the cap. They are obtained on a sounding by computing the area enclosed
between the environmental temperature profile and the path of a rising
air parcel, over the layer within which the latter is cooler than the
former. (This area sometimes is called negative area.) See CAPE.

CIO
Chief Information Officer

Circulation
The flow, or movement, of a fluid (e.g., water or air) in or through a g
iven area or volume.

Cirriform
High altitude ice clouds with a very thin wispy appearance.

Cirrocumulus
A cirriform cloud characterized by thin, white patches, each of which is
composed of very small granules or ripples. These clouds are of high
altitude (20,000-40,000 ft or 6000 -12,000 m).

Cirrostratus
A cloud of a class characterized by a composition of ice crystals and
often by the production of halo phenomena and appearing as a whitish and
usually somewhat fibrous veil, often covering the whole sky and sometimes
so thin as to be hardly discernible. These clouds are of high altitude
(20,000-40,000 ft or 6000 -12,000 m).

Cirrus
(abbrev. CI) High-level clouds (16,000 feet or higher), composed of ice
crystals and appearing in the form of white, delicate filaments or white
or mostly white patches or narrow bands. Cirrus clouds typically have a
fibrous or hairlike appearance, and often are semi-transparent.
Thunderstorm anvils are a form of cirrus cloud, but most cirrus clouds
are not associated with thunderstorms.

Civil Dawn
The time of morning at which the sun is 6� below the horizon. At
this time, there is enough light for objects to be distiguishable and
that outdoor activities can commence.

Civil Dusk
The time at which the sun is 6� below the horizon in the evening.
At this time objects are distinguishable but there is no longer enough
light to perform any outdoor activities.

Civil Emergency Message
(Abbrev. CEM) - A message issued by the National Weather Service in
coordination with Federal, state or local government to warn the general
public of a non-weather related time-critical emergency which threatens
life or property, e.g. nuclear accident, toxic chemical spill, etc.

CL
An abbreviation used on climate outlook maps issued by CPC to indicate
areas where equal chances of experiencing below-normal, normal, and
above-normal conditions are possible.

Class I Areas
Geographic areas designated by the Clean Air Act where only a small
amount or increment of air quality deterioration is permissible.

CLD
Cloud- A visible aggregate of minute water droplets or ice particles in
the atmosphere above the Earth's surface.

Clear Air Turbulence
(CAT) - In aviation, sudden severe turbulence occurring in cloudless
regions that causes violent buffeting of aircraft.

Clear Ice
A thin coating of ice on terrestrial objects, caused by rain that
freezes on impact. The ice is relatively transparent, as opposed to
rime ice, because of large drop size, rapid accretion of liquid water,
or slow dissipation of latent heat of fusion.

Clear Slot
With respect to severe thunderstorms, a local region of clearing skies
or reduced cloud cover, indicating an intrusion of drier air; often
seen as a bright area with higher cloud bases on the west or southwest
side of a wall cloud. A clear slot is believed to be a visual indication
of a rear flank downdraft.

Client Agency
As used in connection with reimbursable National Weather Service (NWS)
fire weather services, a public fire service or wildlands management
agency, Federal or non-Federal, which requires and uses NWS fire and
forestry meteorological services.

Climate
The composite or generally prevailing weather conditions of a region,
throughout the year, averaged over a series of years.

Climate Change
A non-random change in climate that is measured over several decades or
longer. The change may be due to natural or human-induced causes.

Climate Diagnostics Bulletin
(CDB) - The monthly CPC Bulletin reports on the previous months' status
of the ocean-atmosphere climate system and provides various seasonal
ENSO-related outlooks. It is issued by the fifteenth of the month.

Climate Diagnostics Center
(CDC) - The mission of NOAA's Climate Diagnostics Center is to identify
the nature and causes for climate variations on time scales ranging from
a month to centuries.

Climate Model
Mathematical model for quantitatively describing, simulating, and
analyzing the interactions between the atmosphere and underlying
surface (e.g., ocean, land, and ice).

Climate Outlook
A climate outlook issued by the CPC gives probabilities that conditions,
averaged over a specified period, will be below-normal, normal, or
above-normal.

Climate Prediction Center
This Center is one of several centers under the National Centers for
Environmental Prediction (NCEP) part of the National Weather Service
(NWS) in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The
Center serves the public by assessing and forecasting the impacts of
short-term climate variability, emphasizing enhanced risks of
weather-related extreme events, for use in mitigating losses and
maximizing economic gains.

Climate System
The system consisting of the atmosphere (gases), hydrosphere (water),
lithosphere (solid rocky part of the Earth), and biosphere (living)
that determine the Earth's climate.

Climatological Outlook
An outlook based upon climatological statistics for a region,
abbreviated as CL on seasonal outlook maps. CL indicates that the
climate outlook has an equal chance of being above normal, normal, or
below normal.

Climatology
The science that deals with the phenomena of climates or climatic
conditions.

CLIMO
Climatology/Climatological

Climometer
An instrument that measures angles of inclination; used to measure
cloud ceiling heights.

Closed Basin
A basin draining to some depression or pond within its area, from which
water is lost only by evaporation or percolation. A basin without a
surface outlet for precipitation falling precipitation.

Closed Basin Lake Flooding
Flooding that occurs on lakes with either no outlet or a relatively
small one. Seasonal increases in rainfall cause the lake level to rise
faster than it can drain. The water may stay at flood stage for weeks,
months, or years.

Closed Low
A low pressure area with a distinct center of cyclonic circulation
which can be completely encircled by one or more isobars or height
contour lines. The term usually is used to distinguish a low pressure
area aloft from a low-pressure trough. Closed lows aloft typically are
partially or completely detached from the main westerly current, and
thus move relatively slowly (see Cutoff Low).

Cloud
(abbrev. CLD) A visible aggregate of minute water droplets or ice
particles in the atmosphere above the Earth's surface.

Cloud Ceiling
Same as Ceiling; the height of the cloud base for the lowest broken or
overcast cloud layer.



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