Subj : Wx Terms (B)(2)
To   : All
From : Daryl Stout
Date : Sun Sep 03 2017 10:39 am

Base Station
In hydrologic terms, a computer which accepts radio signals from ALERT
gaging sites, decodes the data, places the data in a database, and makes
the data available to other users.

Base Width
In hydrologic terms, the time duration of a unit hydrograph.

Baseflow
In hydrologic terms, streamflow which results from precipitation that
infiltrates into the soil and eventually moves through the soil to the
stream channel. This is also referred to as ground water flow, or
dry-weather flow.

Basin
An area having a common outlet for its surface runoff. Also called a
"Drainage Basin."

Basin Boundary
The topographic dividing line around the perimeter of a basin, beyond
which overland flow (i.e.; runoff) drains away into another basin.

Basin Lag
In hydrologic terms, the time it takes from the centroid of rainfall for
the hydrograph to peak.

Basin Recharge
In hydrologic terms, rainfall that adds to the residual moisture of the
basin in order to help recharge the water deficit. i.e; water absorbed
into the soil that does not take the form of direct runoff.

Bathymetry
The science of measuring depths of the oceans, lakes, seas, etc.

BCKG
Backing- A counterclockwise shift in wind direction (for example, south
winds shifting to the east).

BCM
Become

BCMNG
Becoming

BD
Blowing Dust

Beach Erosion
The movement of beach materials by some combination of high waves,
currents and tides, or wind.

Bear's Cage
[Slang], a region of storm-scale rotation, in a thunderstorm, which is
wrapped in heavy precipitation. This area often coincides with a radar
hook echo and/or mesocyclone, especially one associated with an HP
storm. The term reflects the danger involved in observing such an area
visually, which must be done at close range in low visibility.

Beaufort Scale
The Beaufort wind scale is a system used to estimate and report wind
speeds when no measuring apparatus is available. It was invented in the
early 19th Century by Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort of the British Navy
as a way to interpret winds from conditions at sea. Since that time, the
scale has been modernized for effects on land.

Beaufort Force 0 - Wind less than 1 kt, Calm, Sea surface smooth and
mirror-like. Smoke rises vertically.

Beaufort Force 1 - Wind 1-3 kt, Light Air, Scaly ripples, no foam crests.
Smoke drift indicates wind direction, still wind vanes.

Beaufort Force 2 - Wind 4-6 kt, Light Breeze, Small wavelets, crests
glassy, no breaking waves. Wind felt on face, leaves rustle, vanes begin
to move.

Beaufort Force 3 - Wind 7-10 kt, Gentle Breeze, Large wavelets, crests
begin to break, scattered whitecaps. Leaves and small twigs constantly
moving, light flags extended.

Beaufort Force 4 - Winds 11-16 kt, Moderate Breeze, Small waves 1-4 ft.
becoming longer, numerous whitecaps. Dust, leaves, and loose paper
lifted, small tree branches move.

Beaufort Force 5 - Winds 17-21 kt, Fresh Breeze, Moderate waves 4-8 ft
taking longer form, many whitecaps, some spray. Small trees in leaf
begin to sway.

Beaufort Force 6 - Winds 22-27 kt, Strong Breeze, Larger waves 8-13 ft,
whitecaps common, more spray. Larger tree branches moving, whistling
in wires.

Beaufort Force 7 - Winds 28-33 kt, Near Gale, Sea heaps up, waves 13-20
ft, white foam streaks off breakers. Whole trees moving, resistance felt
walking against wind.

Beaufort Force 8 - Winds 34-40 kt Gale, Moderately high (13-20 ft)
waves of greater length, edges of crests begin to break into spindrift,
foam blown in streaks. Whole trees in motion, resistance felt walking
against wind.

Beaufort Force 9 - Winds 41-47 kt, Strong Gale, High waves (20 ft), sea
begins to roll, dense streaks of foam, spray may reduce visibility.
Slight structural damage occurs, slate blows off roofs.

Beaufort Force 10 - Winds 48-55 kt, Storm, Very high waves (20-30 ft)
with overhanging crests, sea white densely blown foam, heavy rolling,
lowered visibility. Seldom experienced on land, trees broken or uprooted,
"considerable structural damage".

Beaufort Force 11 - Winds 56-63 kt, Violent Storm, Exceptionally high
(30-45 ft) waves, foam patches cover sea, visibility more reduced.

Beaufort Force 12 -Winds 64+ kt, Hurricane, Air filled with foam, waves
over 45 ft, sea completely white with driving spray, visibility greatly
reduced.

Beaver('s) Tail
[Slang], a particular type of inflow band with a relatively broad, flat
appearance suggestive of a beaver's tail. It is attached to a supercell's
general updraft and is oriented roughly parallel to the pseudo-warm front,
i.e., usually east to west or southeast to northwest. As with any inflow
band, cloud elements move toward the updraft, i.e., toward the west or
northwest. Its size and shape change as the strength of the inflow
changes. See also inflow stinger.

Bed Load
In hydrologic terms, sand, silt, gravel, or soil and rock detritus
carried by a stream on or immediately above its bed. The particles of
this material have a density or grain size such as to preclude movement
far above or for a long distance out of contact with the stream bed
under natural conditions of flow.

Beginning of Freezup
In hydrologic terms, date on which ice forming a stable winter ice cover
is first observed on the water surface.

Beginning of the Breakup
In hydrologic terms, date of definite breaking, movement, or melting of
ice cover or significant rise of water level.

Benchmark
(Abbrev. BM) - In hydrologic terms, a permanent point whose known
elevation is tied to a national network. These points are created to
serve as a point of reference. Benchmarks have generally been
established by the USGS, but may have been established by other Federal
or local agencies. Benchmarks can be found on USGS maps.

Bergeron Process
The process by which ice crystals in a cloud grow at the expense of
supercooled liquid water droplets.

Bergy Bit
A piece of ice which has broken away from an iceberg, extending 1-5
meters above the sea surface and 100-300 square meters in area. Can
also be the remains of a melting iceberg.

Bermuda High
A semi-permanent, subtropical area of high pressure in the North
Atlantic Ocean off the East Coast of North America that migrates east
and west with varying central pressure. Depending on the season, it
has different names. When it is displaced westward, during the
Northern Hemispheric summer and fall, the center is located in the
western North Atlantic, near Bermuda. In the winter and early spring,
it is primarily centered near the Azores in the eastern part of the
North Atlantic. Also known as Azores High.

Best Track
A subjectively-smoothed representation of a tropical cyclone's location
and intensity over its lifetime. The best track contains the cyclone's
latitude, longitude, maximum sustained surface winds, and minimum
sea-level pressure at 6-hourly intervals. Best track positions and
intensities, which are based on a post-storm assessment of all available
data, may differ from values contained in storm advisories. They also
generally will not reflect the erratic motion implied by connecting
individual center fix positions.

BFR
Before

BGN
Begin

BHND
Behind

Billow Cloud
A cloud consisting of broad parallel bands oriented perpendicular to the
wind.

BINOVC
Breaks in Overcast


---
� Synchronet � The Thunderbolt BBS - wx1der.dyndns.org

You are viewing proxied material from bbs.kd3.us. The copyright of proxied material belongs to its original authors. Any comments or complaints in relation to proxied material should be directed to the original authors of the content concerned. Please see the disclaimer for more details.